LIFE STYLE

DISEASES

HYPERTENSION

DEFINITION - Blood Pressure greater than 140/90 mm of Hg.

RISK FACTORS

Family History
Stressful life
Sedentary life style
Obesity
Alcoholism
Smoking
Extra salt use

PRECAUTIONS & LIFESTYLE MODIFICATIONS

COMPLICATIONS

Heart failure
Kidney failure
Stroke

Regular daily exercise (Brisk

walking, jogging, running,
swimming)
Salt restricted diet (No extra salt)
Restrict Alcohol consumption (1
drink per day)
Avoid smoking
Maintain wt in normal range

DIABETES MELLITUS

DEFINITION

Random Blood Sugar (RBS) greater than 200 mg/dl

Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS) greater than 126 mg/dl
2 hr Post Prandial Blood Sugar (PPBS) greater than 200 mg/dl
HbA1C greater than 6.5 %

RISK FACTORS

Family history
Sedentary lifestyle
Obesity
History of Gestational Diabetes
Hypertension
Increased Cholesterol levels

PRECAUTIONS & LIFESTYLE MODIFICATIONS

Regular daily exercise (Brisk walking, jogging, running, swimming)

Maintain wt in normal range
Regular check up of high risk patients
Low fat, low carbohydrate diet

COMPLICATIONS

Heart attack
Stroke
Kidney failure
Leg ulcers amputation
Eye damage

INCREASED CHOLESTEROL

TYPES OF CHOLESTEROL

Good Cholesterol HDL

Bad Cholesterol LDL, Triglycerides (TG)

NORMAL LEVELS

Total Cholesterol less than 200 mg/dl

Triglycerides (TG) less than 150 mg/dl
LDL less than 120 mg/dl
HDL greater than 40 mg/dl

RISK FACTORS

Family history
Obesity
Sedentary life style

COMPLICATIONS

Heart attack
Stroke
Limb ischemia

PRECAUTIONS & LIFESTYLE MODIFICATIONS

Regular daily exercise

Maintain normal weight
Low calorie low fat diet

OSTEOPOROSIS

DEFINITION Reduction in bone strength leading to increased risk of

fractures. Common in old age and in females.

RISK FACTORS

Female sex
Old age
Smoking
Alcoholism
Hormone (estrogen) deficiency
Low body wt
Sedentary lifestyle
Steroid use

PRECAUTIONS & LIFESTYLE MODIFICATIONS

Avoid alcohol and smoking

Healthy diet
Avoid excessive dieting
Care of elderly to prevent falls.