VAJIRAM IAS TEST SERIES

ANSWERS and EXPLANATIONS

for the GS TEST 6 held on 27th April, 2014
1.
Ans: (d)
Exp:
Shimla - Shimlas environs had similarity with the English weather and thus it became a
cool retreat for the ruling British elite. In 1864, the Viceroy, John Lawrence anointed Shimla,
as the summer capital of British India.
The headquarters of the Survey of India at Dehradun is the oldest scientific department of
the Govt of India. It was set up in 1767 and has its role as the nation's principal mapping
agency.
Darjeeling - The British were looking for a route (an offshoot of the ancient Silk Road
through Sikkim) to establish trading links with Tibet. A secondary reason for the
establishment of links was to quell the growing Russian influence in Tibet. In 1835, Sikkim
was forced to cede the town of Darjeeling to the British.
2.
Ans: (a)
Exp:
A Mid day meal programme was introduced by British administration for disadvantaged
children in Madras Municipal Corporation in 1925. A school lunch program was started in
parts of Kerala in 1941, followed by Bombay implementing a free mid-day meal scheme in
1942 which, with UNICEF assistance, distributed skimmed milk powder to children aged
between 613 years.
3.
Ans: (d)
Exp:
Roys Tufat al-Muwaidin is a short treatise written in Persian in 1803. Roy protested
against the idolatries and superstitions of Hinduism and tried to identify a common religious
foundation based on the doctrine of the unity of God.
4.

Ans: (d)

5.
Ans: (c)
Exp:
Economic impact of British imperialism on India A form of plunder, depletion of the food
and money stocks and imposition of high taxes gave way to poverty and anarchy leading
India to slowly become a net importer instead of a net exporter.
6.
Ans: (a)
Exp:
M. G. Ranades The Rise of the Maratha Power (1900) declared Shivaji's achievements
as the beginning of modern nation-building. Ranade criticised earlier British portrayals of
Shivaji which had branded him as an opportunist and a plunderer.
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The Indian War of Independence by Savarkar was secretly written in Britain but printed in
1909 in Netherlands in response to the 50th anniversary of the 1857 uprising celebrations
in Britain by the Indian nationalists. It was influenced by histories of the French Revolution
and the American Revolution. Large quantities of the book were shipped to India where it
quickly became a bible of political extremists. In India, the book remained banned till 1947.
Unhappy India Katherine Mayo, a foreign journalist, visited India and wrote a book called
'Mother India' in 1927 denigrating the Indian civilization, culture and life and highlighting
sheer ignorance and filth in India and nothing good or decent. As a protest and riposte,
Lalaji wrote the book 'Unhappy India.' In which he gave a fitting reply to the false
propaganda of Miss Mayo.
The Indian Sociologist was an Indian nationalist publication in the early twentieth century
with the subtitle An Organ of Freedom, and Political, Social, and Religious Reform. It was
edited by Shyamji Krishnavarma from 1905 to 1914, then between 1920 and 1922.
7.
Ans: (a)
Exp:
Gomastah was an Indian agent of the English East India Company.
8.
Ans: (a)
Exp:
First Anglo-Mysore War from 1767 to 1769 was a war in India between the Sultanate of
Mysore and the East India Company.
The Third Carnatic War from 1757 to 1763 resulted in renewed conflict between French
and British forces in India as a result of the seven years war between the two in Europe.
The war concluded with the signing of the 1763 Treaty of Paris, which returned
Chandernagore and Pondichry to France, and allowed the French to have "factories"
(trading posts) in India but forbade French traders from administering them. The French
agreed to support British client governments, thus ending French ambitions of an Indian
empire and making the British the dominant foreign power in India.
Rohilla War, (1774) in which Warren Hastings, British governor-general of Bengal, helped
the nawab of Oudh defeat the Rohillas by lending a brigade of the East India Companys
troops in order to strengthen Oudh as a buffer between the company and the Marathas.
The First Anglo-Maratha War (17751782) began with the Treaty of Surat and ended with
the Treaty of Salbai.
9.
Ans: (d)
Exp:
Paramahansa Mandali was a secret socio-religious group in Bombay, started by Dadoba
Pandurang in 1849. It was the first socio-religious organization of Maharashtra.
Sharda Sadan (Home for Learning) Pandita Ramabai founded it in 1888. Women in this
community were taught the doctrines of Christianity, though they were also free to continue
in their Hindu beliefs. The major initiatives were working for the education of women (from
young girls to adults) and for security for widows.
With the founding principles of "Educate, Agitate and Organize, the Bahishkrit Hitkarni
Sabha was found by BR Ambedkar in 1924 at Bombay. Its aim was to bring about a new
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socio-political awareness among the untouchables so that it could help in removing
difficulties of the untouchables and placing their grievances before government.
The Servants of India Society was formed at Pune in 1905 by Gopal Krishna Gokhale, to
promote social and human development and overthrow the British rule in India. The Society
organized many campaigns to promote education, sanitation, health care and fight the
social evils of untouchability and discrimination, alcoholism, poverty, oppression of women
and domestic abuse. The publication of The Hitavada, the organ of the Society in English
from Nagpur commenced in 1911.
10. Ans: (c)
Exp:
Dupleix had employed the right mix of opportunism as well as audaciousness. In early 17th
century the Moghul empire had finally disappeared in all the southern provinces; the whole
realm was torn by internal dissensions; the Marathas, were spoiling the country and
bleeding away its strength; the native armies in the south were no better than irregular illarmed hordes of mercenaries; the coasts lay open and defenceless. Dupleix was beginning
to see the practicability of turning this state of things to the advantage of the French.
11. Ans: (c)
Exp:
Annie Besant was not the founder of the Theosophical Society. To advance theosophy,
Helena Blavatsky, Henry Steel Olcott, William Quan Judge and others founded the
Theosophical Society in 1875.
12.

Ans: (a)

13. Ans: (b)

Exp:
Lord William Bentinck abolished the sati practice in 1829.
14. Ans: (a)
Exp:
Lord Cornwallis said, Every native of Hindustan is corrupt.
15. Ans: (b)
Exp:
Second division of Bengal refers to the Partition of the Country. Lord Mountbatten was the
Governor General of India at the time of partition of the country.
16. Ans: (d)
Exp:
Mahatma Gandhi used the weapon of Fast unto Death for the first time in the Ahmadabad
Mills Strike in India.

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17. Ans: (c)
Exp:
Ilbert Bill was protested by Europeans but not by Indians.
18.

Ans: (d)

19. Ans: (b)

Exp:
Raas Lila is a dance form from Manipur focusing on the divine love story of Krishna.
20. Ans: (d)
Exp:
Ilbert Bill controversy was associated with Lord Rippon.
21. Ans: (c)
Exp:
James Augustus Hicky's Bengal Gazette was an English newspaper published from
Kolkata. It was the first major newspaper in India, started in 1780 and was published for two
years.
Sambad Kaumudi was a Bengali weekly newspaper published from Kolkata in the first half
of the 19th century by Ram Mohan Roy. It was a noted pro-Reformist publication that
actively campaigned for the abolition of the Sati.
Founded by Dadabhai Nauroji in 1854, the Rast Goftar was a fortnightly publication, (called
as The Truth Teller) to clarify Zoroastrian concepts.
The Hindoo Patriot was an English weekly published from Kolkata from the year 1853.
The Hindoo Patriot was a nationalist publication known for its active role in exposing the
oppression of indigo planters in Bengal.
22. Ans: (c)
Exp:
History of INC Hume observed, "Every nation secures precisely as good a Government
as it merits. If you the picked men, the most highly educated of the nation, cannot, scorning
personal ease and selfish objects, make a resolute struggle to secure greater freedom for
yourselves and your country, a more impartial administration, a larger share in the
management of your own affairs, then we, your friends, are wrong and our adversaries
right, then are Lord Ripon's noble aspirations for your good fruitless and visionary, then, at
present at any rate all hopes of progress are at an end and India truly neither desires nor
deserves any better Government than she enjoys."
23. Ans: (b)
Exp:
Hind Swaraj or Indian Home Rule is a book written by Mohandas K. Gandhi in 1909. It is a
book in which he expresses his views on Swaraj, Modern Civilization, Mechanisation etc.

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24. Ans: (b)
Exp:
The violent activity at Chauri Chaura where 22 policemen were burned to death took place
when an agitated mob put fire on to the Police station. This was not what was expected by
a mass movement to follow a non-violent manner of protest as advised by Gandhiji and it
became the incident which led to the calling off of the NCM.
25. Ans: (c)
Exp:
The moderate leaders demanded appointment of a royal commission, reduction in military
expenditure, protection of trade by import and export duties, industrialisation of India,
separation of judiciary and executive, freedom of press and, speech, reduction of revenue,
expansion of legislative council, representation of Indians in the legislature, appointment of
Indians to higher posts, opening of technical and professional colleges etc. The demands
were moderate because the leaders believed in piecemeal reforms and subscribed to the
philosophy of gradualism. They followed the method of prayer, petition, persuasion,
representation and deputation in order to convince the government about the justness of
their demands. The moderates had complete faith in the British sense of justice and
therefore functioned within constitutional limits.
26. Ans: (a)
Exp:
The Lucknow Session in 1916 produced two historic developments. First, the two wings
of the Congress were reunited as the old controversies had lost their meaning and the split
in the Congress had led to political inactivity. Second, the Congress and the All India
Muslim League sank their old differences and put up common political demands before the
government.
The Congress met at Karachi session in 1931 to endorse the Gandhi-Irwin or the Delhi
Pact. The Congress reiterated the goal of Purna Swaraj. Karachi session became
memorable for its resolution on the Fundamental Rights and the National Economic
Programs.
Faizpur session in 1936 was the first Congress session in a rural area. It rejected the
Government of India Act of 1935. Jawaharlal Nehru in his Presidential Address referred to
the Government of India Act as "The new Charter of Bondage" which was being imposed
upon them despite complete rejection.
The Haripura session in 1938 was being held under the shadow of a constitutional crisis
and Subhas Chandra Bose, the President, reiterated the objectives of INC for an
independent and United India, on eradicating poverty through a radical reform of our land
system, including the abolition of landlordism and a comprehensive scheme of industrial
development under State ownership and State control.
27. Ans: (a)
Exp:
Ali Hujweri, called as Khwaja Data Ganj Bakhsh wrote Revelation of the Veiled which is
held in high esteem as the first important treatise on Sufism in Persian.
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28.

Ans: (d)

29. Ans: (c)

Exp:
The Round Table Conferences were organised on the basis of the Simon Commission
Report.
Gandhi Irwin Pact led to the participation of the Indian National Congress in the Second
Round Table Conference
30.

Ans: (d)

31. Ans: (b)

Exp:
The term Aryan denotes a linguistic group but not a race
The institution Vidhata lost its relevance in the Later Vedic Period (LVP).
32.

Ans: (d)

33. Ans (a)

Exp: The scientific view propounded by the School was diluted with belief in God and
spiritualism. This School puts its faith in both heaven and salvation.
34. Ans: (a)
Exp:
1. First Urbanisation refers to the Indus Valley Civilisation
2. Gold Coins were the feature of Indo-Greeks period
3. Iron Plough refers to the period of Later Vedic Period
4. Punch-Marked Coins were the features of period between the Later Vedic Period and
Indo-Greeks
35. Ans (d)
Exp:
1. The Eran Inscription of Madhya Pradesh indicates that there was prevalence of the Sati
2. There was Untouchability
3. The State was neutral to Buddhism.
36. Ans: (d)
Exp:
A is false but R is true. Majority of the mansabdars were paid in the form of land revenue
assignments.
37. Ans: (a)
Exp:
Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.

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38. Ans: (a)
Exp:
Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.
39. Ans: (c)
Exp:
While Carnatic Music is indigenous, Hindustani Music is influenced by Arab and Afghan
traditions. While Hindustani Music artists are given freedom to improvise, such freedom is
not given to the Carnatic Music artists.
40. Ans: (b)
Exp:
Jallikattu is a bull taming sport played in Tamil Nadu
41. Ans: (d)
Exp:
1. Lahore Conspiracy Case (1931)
2. Meerut Conspiracy Case (1929)
3. Kanpur Bolshevik Conspiracy Case (1924)
4. Kakori Conspiracy Case (1927)
42. Ans: (b)
Exp:
Aruna Asaf Ali was not the founder of the Congress Women Volunteers Corps. Latika
Ghose did not take part in the Chittagong armoury raid.
43. Ans: (d)
Exp:
Gandhiji called the Cripps Offer as a post dated cheque on a crashing bank
44. Ans: (a)
Exp:
As the Quit India Movement was against the British, the Movement had the potential to
weaken the group of England, France and Soviet Union. Hence, it could weaken the idea
behind Soviet Union i.e. Socialism. So, the ideology of the CPI i.e. Communism could have
been undermined. Hence, the CPI did not support the Quit India Movement.
45. Ans (b)
(Events related to Buddha) (Symbol)
1
Birth Lotus
2
Renunciation/ Mahabhinishkraman Horse
3
Sambodhi Bodhi Tree
4
First sermon
Dharmachakra Pravartana
5
Nirvana
Foot prints

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46. Ans: (b)
Exp:
Megasthenese did not observe Slavery in India during the period of Mauryas. This is one of
the controversies of the writings of Megasthenese.
47. Ans (b)
Exp:
The Later Vedic Period (LVP) was known as the Iron Revolution.
48. Ans: (b)
Exp:
Both A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A.
49. Ans: (a)
Exp:
Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.
50. Ans: (b)
Exp:
Both A: and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A.
It may be pointed out here that although the view of the historians about the two-nations is
wrong and cannot be accepted, it is true that there are historians who project back the twonations theory into the past.
51. Ans: (c)
Exp:
Rhodopsin of rod cells in Retina is bleached temporarily in bright light.
52. Ans: (a)
Exp:
A large amount of energy is lost at each trophic level such that about 90 per cent of energy
is lost when it is transmitted from one trophic level to another.
53. Ans (c)
Exp:
Carbon monoxide combines with haemoglobin to form carboxy haemoglobin which
decreases oxygen carrying capacity.
54. Ans (c)
Exp:
Progesterone inhibits the secretion of Luteinizing Hormone (LH) which is responsible for
ovulation.
55. Ans (a)
Exp:
Correction of myopia using concave lens which is a diverging lens.
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56. Ans (a)
Exp:
Keystone species determine the ability of large number of other species to persist in the
community. If keystone species is lost from a conservation area, numerous other species
might be lost as well.
57. Ans (a)
Exp:
Agent orange is a chemical herbicide.
58. Ans (a)
Exp:
Oilzapper is a consortium of five bacterial strains which consumes the hydrocarbon in oil
spills and convert it into CO2 and water. It has been developed by The Energy and
Resource Institute (TERI).
59. Ans (b)
Exp:
Comets are balls of dust and ice and are believed to be frozen remains left over from the
formation of the solar system some 4.5 billion years ago.
Nucleus consists of (frozen gases CO2, CH4, NH3, water ice).
Asteroids are chunk of rocks found between Mars and Jupiter which may contain iron ore
mineral.
60. Ans (a)
Exp:
An (E) Endangered species is considered to be facing a very high risk of extinction in the
wind. A Vulnerable (V) species is considered to be facing a high risk of extinction in the
wild. Criteria adopted in IUCN Red List Threatened Category.
Criteria
CE
E
V
1. Population size reduction over the 90%
70%
50%
last 10 years or 3 generations period
2. Geographic Range
< 100 km2 < 5000 km2 < 20,000 km2
3. No. of Mature individuals
< 250
< 2,500
< 10,000
61. Ans (d)
Exp:
Agent
(1) Bats
(2) Bees
(3) Birds

Pollination
Examples of plants
Chropterophily
Anothocephalus
Etomphily Sunflower
Ornithophily
Bombase, Butea

62. Ans (d)

Exp:
Trastuzumab has been developed by Biocon and Mylan. Roche developed the originator
product Herceptin, a breast cancer drug. A biosimilar medicine is a biological medicine that
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is similar to another biological medicine that has already been authorised. Biological
medicine are made or derived from a biological source such as bacteria or yeast. For e.g.
HUMULIN (Human Insulin) Swiss pharma major Roche sued Biocon and US based Mylan
in Delhi High Court for launching worlds first biosimilar version of its original breast cancer
drug Herceptin (trastuzumab) in India.
63. Ans (d)
Exp:
In-situ conservation is the conservation in the natural habitat. Zoological park comes under
ex-situ method to conserve outside the natural habitat.
64. Ans (c)
Exp:
(1) Density of human air is less than that of dry air. Speed of sound is inversely
proportional to square root of density of gas.
(2) Molecular weight is directly proportional to density. It is greater for oxygen.
65. Ans (d)
Exp:
Biodiversity is the sum total of plants, animals, microbes including genetic diversity, species
diversity and ecological diversity which forms the basis for soil formation, prevention of soil
erosion, recycling of waste and pollination of crops.
66. Ans (c)
Exp:
STAP cells are Stimulus Triggered Acquisition of Pluripotency.
67. Ans (d)
Exp:
Neutrinos are created in Beta plus decay.
68. Ans (a)
Exp:
Agglutination or clumping of erythrocytes (RBC) is the adverse reaction between donors
antigen and recipient antibody. Rh antibody or Anti Rh factor in Rh- may clump RBC of Rh+.
69. Ans (d)
Exp:
Catalytic converter change unburnt hydrocarbons into carbon dioxide and water.
70. Ans (a)
Exp:
Biomass is the mass of living matter per unit area. In aquatic (pond) ecosystem it is
inverted, increasing from producer to consumer.

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71. Ans (b)
Exp:
GMO differs from a hybrid because in a hybrid, cross is done between total genomes of two
species or strains whereas in a GMO, foreign gene is introduced in the organism.
72. Ans (d)
Exp:
A- can receive blood from same group A- and also from O- who is universal donor.
73. Ans (c)
Exp:
Gujarat tops the list of solar power generating states with 690 MW followed by Rajasthan.
74. Ans (b)
Exp:
Velocity = frequency x wavelength
(Audible frequency = 20 H2 to 20,000 H2)
(1) 340 = 20 x wavelength
=> wavelength = 17 m
(2) 340 = 20,000 x wavelength
=> wavelength =
340/20,000 x 1000

= 17 mm

75. Ans (d)

Exp:
Maintenance of normal blood sugar level is by insulin hormone which is secreted directly
into blood stream by the pancreas while carbohydrate, protein digesting enzyme and
sodium bicarbonate for neutralisation of chyme comes via pancreatic duct into small
intestine.
76. Ans (c)
Exp:
Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety is a supplementary treaty to the Convention on Biological
Diversity (COBD) which aims to ensure the safe handling, transport and use of living
modified organisms resulting from modern biotechnology.
77.

Ans (b)

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78. Ans (d)
Exp:
Baby Blood Group of A
Parent
I
O and AB
A O or AA
A
B
O
AO
BO
O

AO

BO

II
A and B
BB or BO
B O
AB
AO

III
B and AB
BB or BO
A
B
AB
BB

BO

AO

OO

BO

So, all the three parents can have baby of blood group A.
79. Ans (b)
Exp:
Hotspots are biorich areas rich in plants and animal species of which many are endemic
and endangered.
80.

Ans (d)

81. Ans (b)

Exp:
Non native or alien species are one of the threats to local biodiversity. Cynodon.
82. Ans (a)
Exp:
A person with sickle cell anaemia is highly resistant to malaria. The malarial parasite
plasmodium cannot survive and propagate in sickle shaped RBC which are fragile and have
short life span than normal RBC.
83. Ans (c)
Exp:
Azotobacter is a free living nitrogen fixing non photosynthetic bacteria.
84. Ans (d)
Exp:
Occipital lobe of cerebrum help in analysing shape and colour of objects.
Parietal lobe
sensory perception of touch, pain, heat, cold.
Frontal lobe
learning, memory
Temporal lobe
decoding and interpretation of sound and language.

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85. Ans (d)
Exp:
Genetically modified plants are used to develop climate resilient crops, to increase nutritive
value like golden rice for Vitamin A, and to increase the shelf life of crops like Flavr Savr
genes delay the ripening process and reduce wastage during transportation.
86. Ans (b)
Exp:
During ventricular systole the right ventricle contract to pump deoxygenated blood into
pulmonary artery while left ventricle contract to pump oxygenated blood into aorta.
87. Ans (c)
Exp:
R = P l/A
=> Specific resistance = A x R / l
A = length of wire
L = length of wire
R = resistance of the conductor
If l = 1, A = 1;
Then R = P 1/1 = P = R
Hence resistivity or specificic resistance of the material of a conductor is the
resistance offered by a wire of this material of unit length and unit area of crosssection.
S.I. Unit of specificic resistance is ohm metre.
Specific resistance is inversely proportional to the number of free electrons per
unit volume of the conductors which depends on nature of the material. Metals have
low resistivity.
88.

Ans (d)

89. Ans (a)

Exp:
The CDM is a project based Kyoto Protocol mechanism in which a developed country has
to invest in a developing country in promoting environment friendly source of energy,
thereby earning carbon credit on reducing green house gas emission.
90. Ans (c)
Exp:
A simple microscope is a convex lens of short focal length. When an object is placed
between the optical centre and the focus of a convex lens, virtual, erect and magnified
image is formed on the same side of the lens.
91. Ans (a)
Exp:
Medulla oblongata controls involuntary functions of the body including vomiting, swallowing.
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92. Ans (d)
Exp:
(1) Green Muffler is used to reduce noise pollution.
(2) Methyl isocyanate gas leaked out during Bhopal Gas Disaster.
93. Ans (c)
Exp:
(1) Thiamine is Vitamin B1 and its deficiency causes Beri Beri in which body cells including
heart muscle cell lack energy.
(2) Retinol is vitamin A which is essential healthy and moist eyes presenting dryness of
eyeball or xerophthalmia.
94. Ans (c)
Exp:
Follow the Explanation in Q. 85.

95. Ans (b)

Exp:
BOD is the amount of oxygen required for biological oxidation of organic matter by
microbes in any unit volume of water done at 20 C for at least five days. Thus BOD is used
as a measure of degree of water pollution such that BOD value is proportional to the
amount of organic waste present in water.
96. Ans (c)
Exp:
A National Park is constituted by enactment of Parliament and Wildlife Sanctuary by State
Legislature. In a Wildlife Sanctuary limited human activities like harvesting of timber,
collection of minor forest produce are allowed.
A Biosphere Reserve is for in situ conservation of genetic resources and ecosystem without
uprooting the local people. It is to contribute sustainable development of people living in
and around biosphere reserve. It also provides for long term facilities for ecological studies
environment research, training and monitoring.
97. Ans (b)
Exp:
The Supreme Court denied the Novartis Company the patent for anticancer drug GLIVEC
and indirectly allowed the generic version of Glivec to be made by Indian Companies.
98. Ans (b)
Exp:
(1) Bluetooth is used for Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN) whereas WiFi is used
for Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN).
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(2)

Bluetooth signals are omnidirectional and travel across the walls like WiFi so do not
require line of sight of communication.
Ans (b)

99.
Exp:
Chinas Tianhe 2 Supercomputer speed is 33.86 peta FLOPS.
100. Ans (c)
Exp:
1 nm = 1 x10-9 m
1 foot = 30.48 cm
1 foot = 30.48 x 107 nm
So 6 ft x 30.48 x 107

183 x 107 nm.

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