LAYER DENSITY COLUMN

TJS

Materials
Tall, narrow, clear container (500 mL or 1000 mL graduated cylinders are perfect)
50-100 mL rubbing alcohol - Jaxon
50-100 mL vegetable oil - Tati
50-100 mL tap water - Sydney
50-100 mL dish soap - Jaxon
50-100 mL whole milk - Samuel
50-100 mL maple syrup - Tati
50-100 mL corn syrup - Sydney
50-100 mL honey - Samuel
Ping pong ball - Taylor
Soda bottle cap - Jaxon
Plastic bead - Jonathan
Cherry tomato - Tati
Board game die - Taylor
Popcorn kernel - Tati
Bolt - Taylor
measuring cups - Taylor
Food coloring (2 colors) - Sydney
Turkey baster -Taylor

Plastic Cups 10- Samuel

Mixing sticks 12 - Sydney

Total of 12 density towers, 3 cups of each liquid

TJS Presenting Plan

This is the GD for our lesson plan. This is where we put the order of presenting for all 5 days.
Have this printed out and ready by day 1.
https://docs.google.com/a/goprcs.org/document/d/1kuyTQWvKQwOnKvI2ZKqJEk6xHwDAX
XeoxoZxjd4SZeg/edit

What is Density?
the compactness of an item.
The mass of atoms, their size,
and how they are arranged
determine the density of a substance.
An easier way to think
of it is how much material is smashed
together.
Mass or compactness of an item
Examples :
1. Balloons float because helium has a lower density than air
Wood floats because it has a lower density than water (some)
Anchors sink because metal has higher density than water
Sponges : Sponges usually have small holes inside of them. If you were to melt a sponge,
then have it be molded into the same shape, it would be smaller and have a higher density.
Now it has no more air bubbles, it is more of a solid. The weight will be the same.
Explanation
: The picture below shows the approximate amount of molecules or mass of
gases, liquids, and solids.

What density is and how to calculate it:

Density is a physical property of matter, as each element and compound has a
unique density associated with it. Density defined in a qualitative manner as the measure of
the relative "heaviness" of objects with a constant volume. For example, a rock is obviously
more dense than a crumpled piece of paper of the same size. Also a styrofoam cup is less
dense than a ceramic cup. Styrofoam is less dense because the material is lighter and has a
few air bubbles. Ceramic cups are denser because the material is more compact. Density
may also refer to how closely "packed" or "crowded" the material appears to be - again refer
to the styrofoam vs. ceramic cup. Density is calculated by dividing the mass by the volume.
The smaller an object is, the more crumbled it is, and that means it has more weight and it

sinks faster. For example. A smaller pieces of wood would sink faster than larger pieces of
wood. The smaller one would sink faster because it is more closely compacted.

Why Layers Dont Mix :

The reason the 8 layers dont separate is because each of them has a different
source of density matter. As you can see and think, honey, is more compacted than
milk. For example, if you tried to put honey in a glass of water, it would sink to the floor
of the cup right away. Nevertheless, if you try the same thing to milk, it would just
spread across the glass of water. It would spread because unlike honey, the molecules
of milk is widely spread, making the milk separate. The honey is still in one piece
because the honeys molecules are more closely compacted together, so when you put
it in water, it is still in one piece. When you try to build the layer, it has an order. There is
an order because each one has different different weight and each of them are in
different density levels which makes them separate and is in order.
Why objects sink to specific layers:
The reason why the 7 objects dont all go to one layer is because each item has a
specific density, like the 8 liquids. The cherry tomato for example, it sinks to the dish soap
level. The tomato is too heavy to stay in the water region, and it is too light to sit in the maple
syrup. This goes for the rest of the objects as well. It also depends on how closely the
molecules are compacted. For example, the molecules of the bolt is much more compacted
than of the cherry tomato making the cherry tomato sink only to the middle and the bolt all
the way down. You think this may be it, but it isnt there is more to it. It also depends on how
wide it is. If an object isnt wide enough, it will start sinking. For example, paper floats
because the width of the paper can bear the weight of the paper(bear means to hold/carry).
The same amount of two different liquids will have different weights because they
have different masses. The liquids that have a higher density will sink below the liquids that
have a lower density.

When finding the density, it isnt that easy. For example, if you want to find the mass
of water, you need to have a beaker and a scale. First, find the mass of the empty
beaker(20g). Then fill the beaker up with a dessert amount of water. Next, use the scale to
find the mass of the filled beaker(120g). To find the mass of just the water, you need to
subtract the mass of the empty beaker from the full beaker(120g-20g=100g). The volume of
water can be measured in a graduated cylinder(100ml). Density is calculated by dividing the
mass by the volume(100g 100ml). So for this waters density, it is one gram per milliliter.
Now if you drop in an object with a density greater than one will sink into that water. Objects
that have a density less than one will float when placed in that water. In this experiment
wise, scientist have found out that if the block is less than 1g for example it is 0.9 g, the water
would cover 90% of the block. Density also explains why ice floats. If you freeze water, it
expands.When you freeze water, no new atoms are added to the water, so because of the
expansion, there is more room between the atoms. Compared to the atoms in liquid water,
ice atoms are not as tightly pack together causing the ice to float. (Sam)

Oil and Water

Key Concepts
Since density is a characteristic property of a substance, each liquid has
its own characteristic density.
The density of a liquid determines whether it will float on or sink in
another liquid.
A liquid will float if it is less dense than the liquid it is placed in.
A liquid will sink if it is more dense than the
liquid it is placed in.
Oil and water are two liquids with different densities. They are immiscible, which
means that they wont mix. They wont create a mixture when added together. People
ask : Oil and water dont mix when put together. How come they mix in cakes? We
wondered that too. Its because, in cakes or sweet treats, there are other components
that are attracted to these liquids. These then combine together. Oil and water
themselves dont mix together. Liquids are immiscible because the force between the
different sets of molecules are attracted. Like magnets, its almost like putting two
similar poles together
.
This is why certain liquids dont mix.
As you can see in your water bottles, the oil is actually less dense than the water. This
was probably a big surprise for most of you. Just a quick poll, how many of you
thought oil was denser? *people raise hands * Would any of you like to share why?

Links
Resource 1
Resource 2
Resource 3
Resource 4
Youtube Video
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zlkpZZW29b0