WORKBOOKUpstream ADVANCED WORKBOOK Student's Book Virginia Evans - Lynda Edwards Bk Express PublishingPublished by Express Publishing Liberty House, New Greenham Park, Newbury, Berkshire RG19 GHW Tel.: (0044) 1635 817 363, Fax: (0044) 1635 817 463 e-mail: inquiries@expresspublishing co.uk http://www.expresspublishing,co.uk © Virginia Evans ~ Lynda Edwards 2003, Design and Illustration © Express Publishing, 2003, First published 2003 Second impression 2006 Made in £U All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form, or by any means, electronic, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior vaitten permission of the publishers. This book is not meant to be changed in any way. ISBN-13: 978-1-84325-956-5 ISBN-10; 1-84325-956-7 Acknowledgements ‘Authors’ Acknowledgements ‘We would like to thank all the staff at Express Publishing who have contributed their skis to producing this book. Thanks are due in particular to: Megan Lawton (Editor in Chief), Stephanie Smith and Michael Sadler (senior editors); Andrew Wright (editorial assistant), Brian O'Nell (Senior production controll) and the Express Publishing design team; Werehouse (recording producer) and Emily Newton, Kevin Haris, Daniel Parker, Erica Thompson and Timothy Forster for their support and patience, ‘We would also lke to thank those institutions and teachers who piloted the manuscript, and whose comments and feedback ‘were ievaluable in the production of the book. ‘The authors and publishers wish to thank the following who have kindly given permission for the use of copyright material. Unit 1: ising milion hers by Colin Blackstock © The Guardian, www. guardian.co.uk; Money can buy happiness by John Sivera © Backwoods Home Magazine; Unit 2: Building «Jazz Library: Art Pepper Ela Fitzgerald, Fronk Sinatra and Mies David, Reprinted ‘ith permission from Allaboutlazz.com; Copyright © 2003 All About Jazz, Chris M. Slawecki, C. Michael Batley, Nl Jackson and Mat Bahl, Unit 3: Stoy-at-Home Dads Happily Married to Successful Core Wornen (Man of the House) © 2002 ABC News Internet Ventures: House husbands at greater risk of heart attack than workers by Dovid Derbyshire © Telegraph Group Limited (2002); Unit 4: fist showing for vinrage Chaplin clips by Stephen Berey © The Guardian, www: guardian co.uk; Death Sentence © Death Crystal, Language Death, Cambridge University Press, 2000 (Crystal Reference i a cross-media content provider, supplying mainly reference content to cients for the production of new print publication of new print publications, websites and ‘electronic media. The company is developing the database which during the 1990s generated the Cambridge family of ‘encyclopedias and the AND suite of electronic products, and in the 2000s the New Penguin family of encyclopedias; Unit 5: Rage agains the machine by Meg Mitchell Moore © 2000-2002 CXO Media inc; Unit 8: Playing to the galery © John Crace is 2 feature writer for the Guardian; Unit 9: Photography © Uz Jobey; Unit 10: Shopping thewoy you want tobe and Mall Information © Wafi Cty; How a dream took shape ana city wos bor . and Rafles City hopping Centr, «shoppers dream comes tue ‘© Raffles City: Shopping. Entertainment. Information © West Edmonton; ‘While every effort has been made to trace all the copyright holder, if any have been inadvertently overlooked the publishers ‘will be pleased to make the necessary arrangements at the first opportunityContents UNIT1 Something to Shout About ... UNIT2 Escape Artists UNIT3 People Power ... UNIT4 Growing Concerns UNITS Our Changing World p48 UNIT6 Job Well Done sa UNT7 Fit for Life p. 64 UNIT8 Live and Learn p. 74 UNIT9 The Image Business p. 84 UNTT10 Shop Around .. 94 Exam Facts - What do you know about the CAE exam? 105 Practice Test 107 Picture Sets 121 Tapescripts 125Something to Shout About SD Language Focus * Pleasant Surprises ‘a. Complete the speech bubbles with one word. [iJ] Thelast thing twas expecting that day was a marriage | There was some turbulence, and he spilt coffee all over my lap. Hooked at hirm , and it | was love at first 3 armen” was expecting a negative reply, but my application had been b. Match the speech bubbles to the pictures. c With a partner, discuss how each situation could have developed, ‘A: The woman who was asked to many someone might have been having a really bad day at work. B:_¥s, she probably got home in a bad rood, and there she found her fiance waiting for her. d._ What situations can you think of where the following pphrases could be said? Use them in short monologues, "Teoul't believe ry luck! " ceul't hold back the tears of joy’ "My patents were bursting with pride "He was visibly touched; he shack my hand and thankes me. 5 ‘veryone broke into spontaneous applause 6 “Life would never be the same again, 7 "Not surprisingly her dad was particularly emotional ‘Complete the gaps with the given words. — * amused a * cheerful IS oe + at ease © frustrated wy 1 Lal Fel much more wen know she's arved sof. Hoving worked vey hard en her esa, Krista fet when she saw that all she got frit was. aC 3. Boing betrayed by ber oun ser lft her feeling biter and 4 The children were kept by 2 down who performed juggling acs. 5 She couldn't understand why she felt so + the smallest thing seemed to make her want to cy. 6 The solders did ther best to execute the dill accurately, but the sergeant stil looked 7 Hesat atthe piano and stated playing a lively, tune 8 Martha was vith her exam grade, and ran home to tell er flatmate. ‘a. Fill the gaps with the most suitable word from the given sets. 1 Heinspired everyone with his attitude and cheerful manne, ‘Everyone else was begining to panic but she seerred by the prospect ofthe project's falure ‘Upon heating the good news, she gave alte smile ‘A unfezed ——B contented C postive 2 + Hevas ‘that he was going to win the race deste his rigging ankle ini.* Had he not been so ‘about staying in Scotland, his superiors would have already given him thelucrative New York je. ‘+ Evenione warned him about the dangers of siting the wartomn city, but he was A undetored —B confident pasistent 3 © Thecolone avs isued orders in afr) tone Which never allowed one to question ther, Some found her bebaviow rather but there ‘las no other way she coud have survived in tat male- Gominated office Lucy did't know how to be so she was lays at a dsadvantage in argurents. A aggresive B assertive firm b. Work in pairs. Make your own gapped sentences. Your partner must guess which of ‘the words in Ex. 3a best complete your sentences, ‘A: Shewared hm thatifhe littered her garden again she would callthe police, but he wes. 8: undetened Idioms. Choose A or B according to the meaning of the stem sentence, then explain the underlined phrases in your own words. Ne Deas xed it by the end of the A he has destroyed two electric dls this summer. Cases ent ee cy ee etre) Carett evar ry eer Cae nat ‘a. Leaders and bosses. Underline two appropriate ‘words in each sentence. 1 After he retired from the army, he became a martial arts leader / instructor / conductor / master / guide, 2. Should you have ary queries about your travel expenses form, speak to the finance principal / ‘conductor / director / chief / manager 3A fine educator, Jim Shilton is now dean 1 ‘coordinator / principal / headmaster / chairman / at the University of Straword 4 The commander / director / boss / officer / head said to the soldiess that the world's future depended on the success oftheir mission 5 The chef engineer told the leader / captain / skipper / plot / master about the problem with one of the ship's engines. b. Now use words from Ex. Sa to make collocations. More than one word might fit in some gaps. Use the collocations in your own sentences. chess 4 company 2 editorine 5 team 3 yoga 6 school Complete the sentences using one word. 1 They were temibly rude and on talking throughout the fl, 2. This rugs cut, we need to replace it 3 I'm proud to say that our compary has off the prize for business of the year 4 The strong smell of her perfume off after awhile 5 John’s next-door neighbour bought a new motorbike so John bought a new carts so sily the way he wants to Lp withthe Joneses. 6 Edward doesn't concentrate in class. Half the time he has his heed in the 7 You need to be organised in order to stay on of things 8 Aranda is alays the centre of attention, wherever she goes she the show 9 Kate has excellent qualifications and very good connections; she has the at her feet 10 Anthory really iitates me. Whenever we speak be me up the wrong way.> English in Use Grommar 7 Fillthe gaps using a gerund or infinitive form. Add your own words where necessary, I normally enjoy oing tothe beach but today just want frelax at home. 2 "Vtied “He might have unchigged the phone. He doesn't ike 3 don't fel tke 4 We agreed on Spain for our hlidays 5 Itsnot easy forme but there wasn answer. When he's working, tonight, Besides, there's a film on TV fancy but then Keith changed his mind and newv he wants ‘and work at the same time I'm thinking about the job, otherwise m going to fall hind with my studies. 6 | dearly remember the keys to the safe She did't fancy 8 Muchas worry about other cultures English in Use Port 4 8 _ fillthe gaps with words formed from the words in capitals. “Friends Reunited” expands Friends Reunited, the UK website that 0) enables subscribers to locate their old school friends, is planning to expand, Extra sites: will be launched in other countries, using the same ».. as the UK site The site has been a(n) 2) ————— since it went live in the UK. Run by husband and wife Steve and Julie Pankhurst, it has more than 6.2 million registered smanmnsnman. Teneoeived actes of press smn eae 5) for generating human ‘There have been several 7). tbut none has met with the success of the original, Now, et international 8) 0 ABLE 1 UNE 2° QUALIFY 6 POTENT 7 IMITATE 8 GROW 1 sol suggested Ben about the problem with the money: however, I don’ enember from the pzza place «realise that its important that he Whatis, the cost of genius? ‘Some children are endowed with such 9) talent that there seems to be no accounting for it And, while hereditary Factors apparently have Ite to do with genius, there ‘a dear 10) between the parents) involvement and the chid’s 11) Parents can help (or hinder) the development of 2 child prodigy in fn) 12) number of ways, ranging from the attentve but not too 13) tothe downright 14) The story of pianist Ruth Slezynska, who made her det n 1929 atthe age of 4, is quite frightening. In her autobiography she tls how her father made her practise 9 hours every day. He tolerated no mistakes and it her at the least wrong note. At 15 she suffered 2 mental 15) that put an end to her carer. 9 EXcEPT 12 FINITE 10 CONNECT 13. PUSH 11 ACCOMPLISH 14 OBSESS 15 BREAK 4English in Use - Part 3 Unnecessary Words 9 Inmost of the lines in the following text there is an unnecessary word. For questions 116, find the unnecessary words and write them on the lines provided. If you think a line contains no unnecessary words, put a tick (7) next to it. There are ‘two examples (0) English in Use Part 5 Where are all the millionaires? Millon of te people buy lottery tickets every week creaming of winning @ fortune, perhaps even becoming millonaites. But national lottery chiefs know of at the least five people holding ‘tickets which worth more than £1m who don't seem to want the money They have appealed yesterday for five Lnsuspecting milionaie jackpot holders to come forward and they dam ther prizes, vien on New Year's Eve and New Year's Day. The uncemed are winning tickets were bought for the milennium big draw 2000 and on the national lottery game draw on January 1, but 50 far avay the fhe ticket holders have felled to come out forward to colect their ‘winnings. Camelot director of pubic and affais, Louise White, said yesterday: “Players are likely to have been celebrating the New Year day and may have forgotten to check ther tickets” The lottery has been created 901 fillonaites since it has began in 1994. The total amount of Undeimed prizes tas reached £289m, although this does not take into an account the unciaimed winning tickets from the milennium draws. ° 00 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 a 9 10 1 2 as 410 For questions 1 - 13, read the note on interview tips for job seekers. Using the information , complete the numbered gaps in the article. Use no more than two words in each gap. The words you need do not appear in the note. There isan example (0) oo, didn't have time to put these notes into article form, so could you doit fer me? Make sure everything is mentioned. Thanks PREPARATION + research the company + think about how your skills, competencies, qualifications and. experience relate tothe position TIMING + be punctual - remember to allow time for unexpected delays PRESENTATION «+ practise a good positive handshake + smile and make eye-contact + aim to look clean-cut and conservative DURING THE INTERVIEW + relax + be honest about your experience + politely turn down food | drink + fer postive information ++ make sure the employer knows the benefits of employing you FOLLOWUP + send a brief thank-you letter to let them know you are grateful for the interview and to confirm your interest in the position. The Successful Interview So, the big day is approaching! What have you got to doin order to get that ob? Fst ofall, 0 find outas much asyou can about who youl be 1) for Get a clear idea ofthe relation between what you can offer and what the jb 2) Be sure to arive 3) for the intenew. When planning how to get there, keep 4 that you might get 9 up on the way. Once there, make a good impression ~ ghe the interviewer 2 frm handshake, sme and lock hi in 6) Its best to 7) unusual o¢ bight Coloured shits and tes ~keep it pan and dant During the inteniew, the most important thing isto keep your 8) Dont tel 9 about what you've dene inthe past the interviewer will know. If the inteniewer 10) Coffee or bscuits, refuse politely Don't discuss 11) ke what you ds or what you fr bering, Se youre et them know what they have to 12) by employing you. And, after the intersew, show your 3) and continued interest. by sending a short thank-you eter.D Reading - Part 3 11 @ You will read an article about money and its relation to happiness. Before you read, discuss the following questions. 1 The writer wil argue that money actually does buy happiness. What examples do you think he will gve? 2. What parts of everyday life can money help to irmprove? What pars can it potentially make worse? b. Read the text quickly and find information about the following people: + J paul Getty + Andrew Oswald and Jonathan Gardner + Dawn Wilby <_ Now read the article. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer (A, B, Cor D). 1. According to the article, our idea about money and happiness A fs formed ata very young age is based on actual fact. changes as we get older is commonly held by adults one writer uses the example of the rich relative to be humorous, teach a moral ‘war against greed show an exception, one>g 3. How do people normally react on hearing the writer's ‘pinion about money? A They ae imitated B They are shocked They are indifferent D They ae amused, 4 The writer believes that money allows someone to ‘A exploit poorer people, B purchase luxury goods © doasthey tke D- quittheirjob 5 Howdoes J. Paul Getty define a rich person?” A Someone who can't know their actual worth B_Somecne who will never work again C Someone who never uses credit D__Somecne who is unconcemed about their wealth Money can ss, right? Wrong. John Silveira argues that happiness is up for grabs - if you can afford it. ‘The results are in: money can buy happiness, but it doesn't come cheap. Not only that, the amount of happiness your money can buy can be measured. I know this Runs GONE everything we've ever heard since childhood about money —"It can’t buy happiness, it can’t 5 buy health, and it can't buy love." But the facts don't ‘support this. First, according to surveys, the well-off are more ‘optimistic about their ives. Optimism is a major factor in happiness. Second, medical evidence shows those with 10 more money live longer, healthier lives than those with less. There are always the stories featuring the Wade uncle who had a heart attack while living the high life, but ‘on average, the affluent live longer and healthier lives. Not only that, but despite all the food they can buy with 15 their loot, the rich tend to be thinner than the poor ~ another sign of good health In the Whitehall Survey, conducted at Univer College London, 17,000 civil servants were followed. All are well educated and have the same access to health 20. care. Yet the clerks at the bottom of the income scale have triple the HOHEalty RAKE as those at the top. A U.S. study involving 300,000 men, called the Multiple Risk Intervention Factor, discovered every income class was healthier than the classes below them and more sick than 25 the ones above. 6 Cathy feels that those who say happiness doesn't come from money A ust don't want to admit it B_ aren't being honest with thersehves. firmly beeve t's tre. D_ ave bitter about their poverty, 7 Which of the following staternents woud the writer probably agree with? [A Meney avays makes you happy B Work makes you miserable © The cher you ae, the beter your life D_ oor peopl can't be happy Le58 ‘Third, « 1998 survey conducted by the magazine Town & Country shows that the well-to-do tend to have better marriages, are happier with the friends they make, and find their jobs more interesting. I know we've been told different. But it just isn't true. Sorry! ‘These studies come as no surprise to me. Over the years ['ve said, quite frankly, I believe money can buy happiness. My comment is usually greeted with raised eyebrows and ingiitations there’s something morally ‘wrong with me. In ening) discussions I've tried to ‘explain that it’s not like you can go to the market and buy two kilos of happiness. I've iidintain€d money can make you happier because it represents convenience and time. By convenience I mean that more of the necessities in life are readily available to you. When I say you can buy time, mean time in two senses: First, because your health improves and you are likely to buy a few more good years of life. Second, every time I write @ check to the guy who ‘mows my lawn, I am literally buying his time to do something I don't want or don't have time to do myself. Of course, because Fm not rich, I have to put in my own time to earn the money I use to buy his. But if [were rich, Fd no longer have to use the limited amount of time 1 have on this planet to buy someone else’s time. Fd just write a check. How much money do you need to be rich? When he was alive, J. Paul Getty, one of the world’s richest men, said, "Ifyou can actually count your money then you are not really a rich man." Buta fellow I once worked with ‘was more realistic. He didn’t need billions of dollars. He just needed enough so he didn’t have to work (though he ‘was sure he still would), so he didn’t have to worry about bills, and so that every couple of years he could go down to the local car lot, pay cash for a new vehicle, and not have to think about the money he spent. How much do the experts say is enough? In a study conducted by Andrew Oswald ‘and Jonathan Gardner at the University of * Vocabulary Practice 412. Answer the following questions. 1 What do the highighted wordsphrases mean? 2 Finda least he ters inthe text wich mean ‘ich? * Text Analysis 43 Do the following tasks. 1 Undetine the parts ofthe text that helped you come up with your answers for Ex. 11¢. Compare with a partner, discovered that about LS million tax-free American dollars moved most people into the top 2% on the happiness scale. Their study also revealed that, at the low ‘end of the scale, each $75,000 moves people one notch up the scale. None of this isto say that you can only be happy if you're loaded. Lots of poor people are perfectly GOntént. But, if you are wealthy, it’s likely that you're roing to be even happier. ‘Nor does wealth guarantee happiness. The Warwick study is Feplete With’ examples of people who discovered they were miserable just laying about. One, Dawn Wilby, ‘won £4 million and was unhappy until she took a job for £12,000 a year. She hadn’t realised that you can't just lay there and expect happiness to come to the door. You've got to do something to get the benefit of your wealth. Other studies I read that pilrporteAl demonstrate the ‘opposite ~ that money leads to misery ~ were about well- paid executives who got huge bonuses but were still ‘unhappy. 1 @iseOuMHeD these because they concentrated only on office jealousies and dissatisfaction that Ose because the subjects wish they'd gotten more. There’s no mention of their home lives, whether they feel relief from the pressure of bills, etc. It is as though their jobs were the only things that mattered. These studies are so ‘arrow they are tantamount to proving marriage makes ‘man's life worse by focusing only on his relationship with his mother-in-law. ‘And, finally, years ago I read an article about lottery winners and one fellow who said the money made him ‘unhappy because people kept asking him for loans. That's not unhappiness; that’s annoyance. It's like complaining ‘about mosquitoes when you take a trip to Hawaii, You're not getting my sympathy, pal. But the last word on this comes from my friend, Cathy. When she heard 1 was writing this column, she said, "Anyone who thinks money can’t buy happiness is either a master of self- deception or just doesn't know where to shop.” 2. Who does the writer address when he says “Sony!” in line 317 3 Explain the underlined phases in your ov words 4. Based on lines 34-39, act out a corwerstion between the writer and his acquaintances, * Discussion 1, Discuss the following questions. 1 How do you respond to the writer's conclusion? How do ‘you evaluate the evidence he gives? 2. How would your life be different ifyou had + £10,000? + £100,007 « £1m? ‘What would be the very fist thing you would buy? 15 95 105D Listening & Speaking Listening Part 1 15, Youwill hear part ofa radio programme about organising a children’s party. Before you listen, discuss the following questions. 1. Did you have parties to celebrate occasions (birthdays etc) when you were a child? What were they like? How did they make you feel? 2 Whats the most important ingredient fora successful party? 3 Look at the gaps in 15b. What kind of information do you think is missing? information, ‘Now listen to the recording, For ‘questions 1-9, fill in the missing Ifyou want your child's party to be a success, it requires. fr Enjoyment is more imps R Before buying partyware you and your chilé need to choose a [3 Send out invitations [& before the party. Cater for the same number of guests as invitations and allow for 5 Prepare enough food for portions for each guest. 7 Party games shouldn't be It's best to serve birthday cake in napkins. fe Your child should be the 10 & Doyouwish anything about your childhood parties had been different? What can make a party fail? Speaking -Part 3 = Gini 1G Look at these pictures which show people that are happy. Tak to ‘each other about the reasons for which each of the situations rmakes people happy. Then decide which photograph best portrays happiness. Speaking - Part 4 Gausenis 586 17 Discuss the following questions together. 1 How important i happiness fr one's health? 2. When you hear the word ‘happiness, what isthe fst thing you think about? 3. What part of your daly routine makes you the happiest? 4) What has been the happiest moment of your if?” 18 (listen to two candidates doing the speaking tasks above and Compare their performance to that of your classmates. Assess your classmates in terms of: * grammar and vocabulary * discourse management * pronunciation * interactive communication.D communication * Persuading 49 2 Read the two dialogues ignoring the gaps. What is the situation in each dialogue? What is speaker A trying to do in the dialogues? Fill the gaps in the conversation transcript with the phrases given. + [don't think its. * more time to think about it ‘your decision * be persuaded to * you wish + want to reconsider * in your own interests + taken everything into account * know what. + long and hard + really do feel that ‘As. but | feel certain that if | drop Physics | can complete my other courses satsfactonly B: Hmmm... re you sure you don't » David? You cant stay (on the Geology programme if you don't take Physics in your fist year A Oh, Ill take it, only not this tem, Il take it next term, B: Hmmm... But don't you think its 2) to gett cut ofthe way as soon 2 possible? Then you would be able to focus on what interests you the most. a3) you mean, but it's just too difficult to do this term - theres too big a workload B: Fine .. suppose its 4) ‘A Well, this is certainly unexpected. Couldn't you 3 stay? 8 8 ‘an option. The deal Frisco have offered me is just too good 'A: Are you quite sure you've 7) , Susan? | mean, you've been bere for 12 years. Youve got ajob for fe with us B: know, but 8) its time to move on ‘A: Isee. Are you sure you don't want bit 9) «though? B: Thanks, but I've already thought about it 10) A Ast) | suppese pass ‘on your notice to peserr on Monday then. 8 Thanks, Which phrases do the speakers in Ex. 19b use to. ‘+ try to persuade? ++ rebuff the attempt to persuade? ++ end their attempt to persuade? 20 Develop phrases from the useful language box and say what speaker A could be saying. Then, act out the developed dialogues with a partner. 1A: We'd be making a mistake if we didn't do it immediate B Quite the opposite, The mistake would be to doit in haste. 2B B:_ Yes, have. My decision i final a B: Ofcourse do, but | dor't relly care an BI think that’ a great idea, Let's look at everything again in the morning ‘Attempting to persuade ‘© But surely the best course of action would be to ‘+ Surely the most sensible thing would be + Itisessental/vital/ extremely important that you + really think t would be a pity if we + We'd be making @ mistake if we didn’t if we don't .. now, we won't be able to. later Have you considered the consequences? + You might regret it later it you don't + You do realise that if then ... don't you? Responding positively You might have a point © OK, let me sleep on it. ‘© Hmmm... OK, let’ look at the facts again Responding negatively ‘+ Thetesno point ‘+My decison is final ‘+ My mind's made up, tm afraid * Believe me, there'sno ether way, Ending an attempt to persuade © Wel ve tied. © Don't say! dit warn you, Not much lft to say, then + Well it’s your if. 21 @ Work in pairs. Act out the following situations Using language from Exs. 19 & 20. Ty to convince a frend not to dropout of university Fersuade a colleague to accept your suggestions on apioject. Convince a younger sibling to save hisher morey rather than spend it ona new bike With your partner, think of your own situations. ‘Act them out using language from Exs. 19 & 20. 1112 = Writing ‘When writing letter, you usually do not need to include addresses However, you should take care to write an appropriate opening!dosing salutation eg. DeorSi/Madam > Yous faithful; Deor Mr Smith, -»Yourssincerely; Deer Bill -> Love. Mary * Types of Letters 22. imagine that, for each of the situations (1-3) below, you have decided to write a letter. Say who you would waite to ‘what information you need to include in your letter + how foal your writing needs tobe + what style you should writen (eg polite friendly fight here, t) 1 Your English pen friend has just moved to your country, Recently, he wrote to you explaining that he had found it difficult to make fiends and he wondered if you had any suggestions for places to 90, ways of meeting new people, etc 2. Youand a friend recently rented a holiday cottage which was very different to the one featured in the advertsernent. The house had a number of problems and you were unable to get ary rely when you repeatedly tried to contact the agency that you booked with 3. You have just read an article in your local newspaper in which your neighbourhood was described as “dirty and dangerous". You do, ‘not agree with ary of the comments made in the artide and you think this fs unfai. * Sentence & Paragraph Building 23 Match the two halves to make complete sentences. Then say ‘whether the sentences are formal or informal. What helped you to decide? 11 lust dropping you a quick 2 things are quiet line to strongly suggested that crime is on 2. Lam writing with regard to the increase 3 I thought d vnte to you is urgentl in need of your attention. ow while let you know ve done all the things. 4. ftvas great to hear your you asked me to about the party. ews and that you've settied into your new 5 Ourmain objection i to the sutroundings. statistics you printed which send me a full efund ofthe 6 Gweit a try and waite and purchase price 7 insist that you either replace the aticle which you published on the damaged goods within 6th January, entitled Think Before ten days or You Spend’ 8 Ihope you will agree that fh let me know how you get on this isa matter which 24 a. Using the words/phrases given, link the pairs of ideas below to make one sentence. 1) Your reporters comments were unfair Your ‘epcrters comments were also inaccurate. (not only) 2 1am writing with regard to your ati, ented ‘The Futue Looks Bad’. The attide appeared in yesterdays issue of your magazine. (which) 3. This a very serious problem in my ‘county. A lot of people in my county have a low standard of ling. (where) 4 A huge number of people ploy the rational lottery. A huge number of people do the football pols. (either) 5 These decisions affect most of the community. These decsions should not be taken light. (since) 6 Parties can be @ lot of fun. Parties can ‘also be a good way to meet new people (as well as) 7. Most people tend to take their summer holidays in August. Te schools ae closed then. (wher) b. Read the following extract and fill in the gaps with words/phrases from above. You should find that not only will you meet lots of new people here, but you will make Mfelong friends. There are so many clubs and societies 1) you can join, 2) you are bound to ‘bump into likexinded people. Try to get tothe fst meetings, 3) ono students are signing Lp for diferent activities, 4) this i the time to meet the most people. Then, you could make use ofthe cafés, §) 7 the campus or in the town, 6) the various sports facities on offer. One way or ‘another, you won't be lonely for long! {As far as finding a place to lve is concerned, you shouldn't have too much trouble with that. & Look again at the extract above. Is the first topic sentence clear? How does the writer support this sentence? In pairs, suggest ways of supporting the second topic sentence.* Formal & Informal Writing 25 Work in pairs. One of you should use the words! phrases in A to complete the extract, while the ‘ther the words/phrases in 8. Take turns reading the extracts to each other and then discuss the different effects the letters would have on the reader. ‘ ‘the man who delvered it * something funny stated happening ‘messed about * furious «give me back read to think what might have happened * chatted * was worth allt of money * didn’t have much choice, realy B reckon | deserve some money * delayed + spoke at length + disappointed « a problem developed ‘feel that am entitled to compensation refund * the consequences could have been disastrous * was left with no alternative ‘was vitally important + your representative asthe vec ht bec ra told me that ‘one | had ordered. However, a a he wa eran ee 219) ae ee fay.ne rinse we a ‘with your head office. ‘I enn ‘hn ater gts See ft pease sen Te st Dar acre beast era felt eer rey 9) ven stopped. Having station. The Jat fora business meeting that 8) tome the deposit which was ” %) es axttion, 110) ee sie Sacre Discuss. ct 2G Read the two rubrics below and answer the ‘questions that follow. Then write one of the tasks in about 250 words. ‘An od fend of yours, who now nes in a diferent area, tas recent got back in touch wth you. Your fend is considering moving back to your area but isnot sure if hse would be able to settle in after so mary yeas. Lock at the extract frem your frends letter, below, and verte a suitable reply. Its a difficult choice because I'm sure things have changed a lot. Do you think | will find it very different? | know the cost of living has gone up everywhere, but do you find it expensive there? Also, what about opportunities for studying in the area? And 1m a bit worried about finding a place to live (Pm still single, by the way!). It would be great if you could ae Shih ee as ee ee 2 eae a aaa ieeior na eben eee ciara phe falisl Voge ee success. Read the extract below and write your letter “The success rate in this year's examinations leaves re with one very clear message ~ standards are falling. How else would so many students have passed? In days gone by, passing an exam was somthing that happened aftr a ot of hard work and no small amount of luck. Nowadays, you neither need the hard work nor the luck ~you just hve to turn up on the day and you will ass. So, with thousands of students celebrating theit ‘achievement’ I have to ask just what they have done to make them feel so proud of themscies. 11 What do you have to wie? Who isthe target reader? What styles appropriate? Which points from the rubricteading input wil you address? How will you organise your point into paragraphs? In pars, suggest appropriate topic sentences, How could {You support these sentences? {6 How could you begin and end your letter? 13= Language Focus 1a 14 Places. Match the terms to the photographs. Some terms might refer to more than one photograph * blistering heat « picturesque = tranquil « bleak * desolate * heavy traffic * spires + barren * lofty buildings + sand dunes * leafy + isolated + towering skyscrapers * bustling * ively * serene + noise pollution + neo-dassical architecture ‘+ exhaust fumes + cystal-clear water « historic ‘commercial activity * lush vegetation secluded b. Now say sentences about each place using terms from Ex. 1a and your own words. The path led toa tranqulite pond, surounded by sh vegetation = Which of the words in Ex. 1a (and what other ‘words) might be used to describe 5 ‘+ the place where you lve? ‘© your favourite place? © a place you'd like to visit some day? Tell the class. Look at the folowing objects. How are they associated with travel? What problems could be associated with each of these objects? a -_ y How could going to the following people/places help with travel problems? * information desk # luggage handler * lost and found exchange bureau ‘Where would you see the following signs? ‘What does each one mean? oe4. Are the following words associated with ait travel (A, travelling by train (7), traveling by boat (8), or travelling by car (C7? motorway C service station sleeping compartment junction Platform © upper deck tyfree gocds + cruiser carousel © arrtraffic control, window seat rough crossing express + turbulence boarding pass © stop-over business dass © port of all Using vocabulary from xs, 2a, 2b and 2c, take turns to make a chain story. ‘A. twoke yp alte later than hod planned: I grabbed my suitcase, wich had prepared the night before, Imy ticket and my passpor, and drove tothe airport When igotthere looked atthe monitors. My fight was delayed. I went to the information desk to ask howlong the delay would be. C Thewoman there said it would be about hours late, 501 thought rd go tthe snack bar and havea cofee Underline the correct word / phrase. 1. | don'tke to stay in tourist resorts; 4 | prefer to go off the beaten / walked / run / wor track 2 The flat was so small there wasn't room ta swing J fling 1 drop / throw a cat. 3 The nearest city & about 25 kms west from here as the crow goes / les / uns / points. 4 Itwasa good thing had my mobile ‘as we broke down in the middle of anywhere / somewhere / nowhere Leverywhere 5. Ive ahvays drearned of buying a point / spot / place / space in the sun to retire to. 6 It wasn't much, but we managed to make the caravan into a home from house / welling / home / abode. 7. Having never worked on a major newspaper before, he vas all at sea / loss / water / coast when he fist started. 8 Paula went off the tracks / paths / rails / roads Yor a while after she lst her job, but she's doing fine now. 9 Once you get licence and some experience behind you, the heaven / cloud / air / sky i the init 10 Having the right Kind of attitude in this business can ‘move / push / shove J change mountains Fill the gaps using one word. 1. I don't mean to put but ive yet to taste anything ike the local cisne 2 Kelly was at a the abandoned kitten, 3. He could tellata for the job. 4 Once the winter sets «most of the 'slanders return to the mainland 5. 1m affaid we aren't taking on ary new staff at a to what to do with that she wasn't ght 6 You could afford to come with me if you put litte each month, 7 The police are warning people to stay indoors as there's an escaped criminal at 8 Theyve put latest album until June 9 ve tald Jim to go to the doctors, but he just keeps putting it 10 Janice was late arriving a the party but at she came. the release date of their Use the words given below and your own words to write sentences. sequel © screen hero effects » performance storyline + office + row © night # cast 1. The long-awaited sequel wos as good asthe rginal Her oscarvinning 3. The leading actor are adequate, but the supporting 4. atthe end ofthe film, the tragic 5 When she first appeared on the siver 6 His performance on opening 7 Asseatin the front 8 Thecamplex 9 Despite the unimpressive special 10 Although the queve at the box> English in Use Grammar 6 _ 2 The following sentences misuse tenses. Rewrite them so they are correct. There is an example (0). © Alanis in the kitchen, He makes lasagne. Helsmaking losogre. 1 Hts raining non-stop for 12 hours and theres no sign of it stopping 2. Mediteranean summers are being hot and dry. 3. The weather becomes increasingly wet in the north because of global warring 4. He's usually going to the football on Sundays, but this week he's out of town, 5 A Did you see Ben today? B: Only five minutes ago. think he goes next door to the accounts department 6 The vilain is tying to escape in a helicopter, but Superman is chasing him and catching him. . In your own words, explain how the meaning of the underlined verbs changes in each case. 1 a He saw the sspect entering the house perceved b | saw my dentist yesterday. stil n agony had an appointment with 2 a Dor'tlisten to her. She's just being awkward b When he was younger, he wanted to be a Journalist 3. a Thistastes good! bb Why den't you taste the food before you add loads of salt? 4 a Didr'tthave an umbrella when came in? bb Let'just havea quit evering in tonight. a tmexpecing him at sx expect everyone tobe on time forthe meeting 2 Linda ays she does fee very wel b> {want to fee! the mater befor ty iton. 2 The room still smels of smoke. Open the windows b The chef was insuted because one of the castomes as smeling his dish 8 a Theysay bes thinking about resigning DDoyou think he behawour ts acceptable? 16 English in Use -Part 2 7 Fill the gaps with one word, Latin America has it 0) ail ~ destination. AFM 1) enn ‘or Spanish phrasebook to get 2)... Mexico, Central America and the 14 countries that make up South America, and 3) seem ‘you go on the adventure of lifetime. ‘The Amazon region boasts 4) of the most bio-diverse rainforest on earth, providing an. incredible backdrop 5 the myriad wildlife living 6). anda home to the indigenous peoples. The majesty of the Andes is inspiring 7) «climbers and the tropical beaches and coral 1€€15 8) e-em the Caribbean Coast offer a haven for those wanting to snorkel or t0 9) unwind, You CaM 10) sn the likes of giant tortoises, lava lizards and penguins, all inhabitants of the Galapagos Islands. snes Tian i EHS 12) enn , city life, check out South America’s exuberant music scene: try the tango in Buenos Aires, home of Eva Peron, dance the night 13) at the Carnival in Rio De Janeiro, or live it up at any 14) ‘of the many village fiestas held annually in South ‘America ~ beware 15) the bulls though!Wash Away Your Worries In the midst of our rushed and haried lives, the bath serves 2s 0. harried the alkimportant ‘time-out. With its inviting, misty steam and 00 time-out embracing, fragrant waters, the bath is an opportunity to 00 ¥ retreat into a private sanctuary: an indulgent distraction from 1 punishing deadlines, household chores and the nonestop 2 ringing of the telephone. Slipping into a soothing bathe can 3 help you shed the detritus of dally life ~ a through cleansing 4 for the body, mind and soul. To fully work its magic take the 5 6 7 8 English in Use Part 3 8 inmost lines of the following text there is a speling or punctuation error. Correct the errors in the lines provided. If a line is correct put a tick (/) next to it There are three examples (0) time to transform your bathroom into a tranquil oasis. Creating personal bath time rituals can be as simple as lighting some aromatherapy candles or filing 2 vase with fragrant flowers. Plug in a small cd or tape player and let 9 your thoughts drift, lulled by your favourite music. Once 10 you've set the stage, it's time to prepare the bath? Ideally, the 11 water should be just slightly warmer than body temperature. 12 To hot, and water can dry the skin and sap your energy. Add 213, few drops of aromatic oils when the tub is completly full. 14 "Now, tun of the telephone, hang the ‘do not dsturb’ sign on the 15 bathroom door and lie back This bath belongs to you. English in Use- Part § Q For questions 1-13, read the following memorandum about a short story competition and use the information in it to complete the numbered gaps in the Competition Details, which are to appear in a magazine. The words you need do not occur in the memorandum. Use no more than two words for each gap. There is an example (0). Write a short story eC a short story iy TAs he Ete ST TAIULN ooauena Florence! From: George Knightly, Editor ‘Subject: Short story competition Now's your chance to put pen to paper and win a 0) week’s holiday for two al the magnificent Sart Aphio hotel in Florence. The hoe is in alovely Hatem he ntes onthe shor sor cnet beauty 1) Sievert make sure the following are mentioned: it Hotel). ww inelude a gym, whirlpool and sauna, Included BR years in the prize are 8) = expenses, a suite atthe hotel pls eras breakfast ad dinner athe hotel restaurant. The 5) Sun pn acted bli fr wo people atthe fF_Be given avelvouhers Of 1, $506 SatAbic hotinForeree= quite posh The ali Now forthe rules, you don't have to 7) inte mite of cpr re ee surrounded ty you want to increase your chance of winning you can 8) ‘oss I bossa eat nd fines entre {wo ents ~ But no more! Handvritenenties wil nt be acepted so be al and stuns, The prize includes return ights J SUE 9) mene YOU. Remeber, stores shouldn't be to dtccemaitovona alta tas Thewnaen nthe hve tobe 550-1200 wort Andis cin competion so fhe second, third and fourth prize will be given 10 10) vv The ety MUStBe YOUF Hn $10 $00 and $250 n travel voucher reget 2nd it must not have appeared in anyother 12) Bs ‘writ a sory to make us laugh, 13) ‘warm our hears, and win the holiday of etme! Pet nro entry fe anda maximum of wo stores may besubmitted. Manuscri ips il ony be coniered i ‘nit Sores must be 90120 worn egh racer and he lt must te tons Thestom tte onal rd unpblised Chose ur ‘comedy, horror or romance. bor =18 410 You will read an article about four great jazz musicians. ‘a. Scan the passage to find out which artist(s) > - oe bd “© ved the longest. ooona ‘© had the longest career. oooda ee Beane © led the most bands. Deen oF . For questions 1-18, choose from the answers AD. A Art Pepper © Ela Fitzgerald B Niles Das D Frank Sinatra Which artist(s) ... ‘gave up.an education to ply jazz? 1 + is portrayed as extremely abitios? 2 «had periods during which they made substandard music? 5) baw © hada particularly powerful stage presence? 5 ‘combined jazz with another kind of rusie? 6 ‘had careers which lasted 50 years or more? 78 + lost hisher voice when hehe got le? 9 + had a dear affilation with apolitical pany? 10 ‘© had a style which appealed to a youthful audience? " + had anew record company created largely to produce hisher music? 2 + was particulary innovative? 3 + composed a major hit at @ very young age? “4 41 Explain the highlighted words. + iscrecited with the most popula jazz oreclned 8 2. Look at the phrases taken from the passage and + worked for recrd company that didnt asetis Gall oa Shs arate eat help them rease their ful potential? 16 + follawed a second career in show business fy TA Perper ecb) eae eerie outside ruse? ” saxophone in the wo," 2 tall order consideing + produced hisher best music toward the contemporaries ike... ines 1-3) end of hsher career? 18 2. Pepper's playing has come under the spell of Jchn Coltrane... ines 16-17)From the deep American South tu the bright lights of New York and Chicago, Jazz musicians of OUR CR ee ee ee ee Oe aa tad popular music. We look at four true artists who painted the landscape of Jazz with colours that Sr rres Ce Tebop train and began playing with an expanded nonet, inroducng the world to ‘cool azz’ (1949-50). Along with Gil vans. Gerry Mulligan, and Lee Konitz, he created @ new sound ‘nlich contrasted sharply with the fast and furious energy of tetop, Danis got back into bebop, however. with his first great ‘iret. which included z young John Coltrane, During 1955-56, thisgroup recorded extensively on Prestige Records. ‘Amidst a couple of orchestral efforts, Davis formed a quintet hich yielded the best loved recording in ‘Blu (1959). Then, early in the “60s, Miles itt. Each musician's role became sour had a more energetic tone. Srting in 1968, he began to make bis, lly launching fusion. ‘Tis music brought jet with a new style of open-ended i de Davis immensely popular with young, ‘number of spin-offs, including various john MeLaughlin. He continued playing live years before his death, ‘unrivalled discography. Its @ testament 0 ‘rtand her place in popular culture thatthe vast majority of her recnded cutputis realy available on CD. During her Big Band years (1935-1941), she sang with the Webb Orchestra (renamed after Webb's death in 1939 to Fitzgerald and Her Famous (In 1938, at the of 21, she wrote and sang one of the biggest hits of the decile, Tish A Tasker ‘Working with Decea Records (1941-1955), she released nnivof groundbreaking scat recordings, clasy pop records, and tite novelty songs. By the early 1950s it became clear that lk rock revolution. She drifted between record labels and made some questionable efforts at 2 more contemporary sound. Finally, in the early 1970s, she returned to recording classic standards in the company of great jazz musicians. Age and declining health slowly eroded Fitzgerald's ‘vocal abilities, and she made her last recording in 1989, FRANK SINATRA (1915 - 1998) - Frank Sinatra released hit albums for half a century, and his 1980 recording of ‘New York, New York made him the only | singer in history to have hit records in five consecutive decades. In his prime, Sinatra dominated the pop musical landscape in a way that very few artists ever do technique but by force of personality and that stag, he took it ‘Asa member of the "Rat Pack.” “with subtle elements of jazz beat ‘expression from another time, he sic arabe 3 Art Pepper's tone takes the world of jaz by storm (ine 28) 4 Shorty afterwards, he abruptly leapt off the bebop train (lines 37-38) 5. She drifted between record labels. ines 83-84) 6 Age and declining heath slowly eroded Fitzgerald's vocal ablities.. ines 87-88) 7 Sinatra dominated the pop musical landscape line 94) * Discussion 413, What kind of music do you lke to listen to when you want to relax? you're ata party? you'te doing housework? you'e studyinghvorking?> Listening & Speaking Listening - Part 2 4 @ You will hear a man talking about his experience of moving to a Greek island. Before you listen, discuss the following questions in pair. 11 Would you ever move to 2 foreign country? Why (not? 2. What difficulties would someone face trying to build a home in a remote location? b. Look at the notes. What information do you think is missing from each gap? (Now listen to the recording. As you listen, complete the notes for questions 1-8. You will hear the recording only once. Job in London: [1 Moved to Samothraki: [2 House took fF to build. Moved in after [4 complete Rains quite frequertly from [5 6 Friday, anticipating arrival of: (2) water purification system Nearest source of drinking water away, o Doesn't have to pay for (a) electricity » & aces D Entertainment D travel Now look at the two pictures which show two 4d. What disadvantages of living like this does the speaker mention? What others can you think of? Discuss in pairs. 16 ¢ Speaking - Part 2: Compare, Contrast & Assess Studer 415, @ Look at the photographs below. Compare and contrast two or three of them, saying what form of entertainment is portrayed in each cone and which of the people in the pictures seem to be the most entertained, Stu b. Which form of entertainment would be the most suitable for a teenager? kinds of trips. Compare and contrast the pictures, saying what differences there are between the two kinds of trips and what kind of people would decide to travel in the two ways depicted 4d. How do you think the travellers are feeling? Listen to two candidates doing the speaking tasks above and compare their performance to that of your classmates. Assess your classmates in terms oft ‘© grammar and vocabulary * discourse management ‘ pronunciation + interactive communication> Communication ‘sing terdataton | feng esto * Clarifying and Justifying + don't quitefolow you, | justification Do yeu mean + OK, betes the thinking 417 Work in pairs. Look at the dialogue and replace + rn not quite with you behind it atleast three phrases with items from the ‘re you sayng + What im actualy saying Useful language box. Then act out the motified + What do you mean bythat | is dialogue ext? + Here's what l meen + don't get it. Con you run | + My points ‘So, hang on, are you saying tat the sale won't go ime through it once again? + The reason say this through? + You'velost me. Canwego | + Ifyou... ou wil ee that 8: tw go through as ong as we take all the back litte? + Well justlook at the facts necessany steps + So, hang on, are you + Look, all m saying is A Core to explain? saying that .? 8 Look, ll m saying is that if our ofer’s good, well + Care to explain? ‘Acknowledging clanification ‘get the order. | have a few reservations, that's all. ‘What are you driving at? * I see (what you mean) ‘A. What do you base those resevatons on? + Would you tke to + Ah Right B: Mypointi, Steve | know that Sandra was in elaborate? + Fairencugh charge of making an offer, and think she may have + Iseewhat you're geting at cerpiced it Asking for justification + 1sce where you'e coming A. Hmmm... 5€€ what you" geting * What do you base that on? | from + What makes you say that? b. Look at the pictures. What do you think might aca be happening? With a partner, develop and act Si ay ‘out dialogues using the useful language. fe Foon can youu oa * Expressing confusion 1 In pairs, guess and say what speaker A says. B:_ You've lost me. Go back tothe bit about saving work on a opp. B: I dont get tf she's not going tostay, whys she coming atalr Wait a minute. Didn't you just sey she's away on business? B: Fm not following you. | thought Tony's office was (on the third floor B: haven't a cue whet you're taking ebout. Who's Ben? A Idon'tgetit. Con you run me through itonce ‘again? 8 Sure. fyoulook at this file here, you'l see that Znb, Discuss how you would divide > wiiting each of your reviews into paragraphs (which information you would incudein the ‘You may have to review to books, two fis, et. Altematnely, you introduction/conclusion; how may be asked to review other things: €9 2 game, a product, apace rmany main body paragraphs, an event, an exhibition, 2 festa, etc. You are usually asked to give etc). Then write topic sentences reasons for your views for each of the main body paragraphs and say how you i ‘would support each one. * Types of Reviews Match the sentences (1-6) to the subjects ofthe reviews (A+ 7 7 49. & Match the sentences (1-6) to the subjects of the reviews (A-) » Expressing RemeHons & (HL) Tete is as0 2 spacious and comfortble family Opinions oom, which should appeal to diners with young 1 Reon tialll aig tile. the words/phrases given in brackets. (2I-] after a year of almost continual use, ican honesty. ectival Fn ee ‘thet Lhave not hd single problem with it er B Exhibition underlined sections. What are the [Lone of the most striking things about these porvaits the way ther subjects appear to be so © Restaurant reasons for making these changes? natural D Product IIA hush descended as the conductor took the Efi 1 Ithought some of the paintings inthe podium exhibition were mibtish. (not very (5 Votes were tested oa valty of emataie mas. Flossie concert impressed) and dance acts, as wel asthe coke of ever a hundked 1 was not very impressed ty Some ofthe fascinating stl and seshows to vst aitngsn the exibition. (BL) the beautifully shot desert scenes and the Ry Cooder 2 At times Lwas bored when | was soundtrack make it totally unfoxgetable reading this book (monotonous) 3 The play was mined by some useless '. For each of the above, say which elements you would normally acting. (marred; amateurish) expect to find in a review. 4 The scenery was creat but the plot wes a joke (although; breathtaking: 1-€ Ina restaurant review hie this you would expect to find details implausible) about location, pies eas wella comments on suc things as, 5 The sound engineer must have been atmosphere, service, quality of food, ete. sleening at his mong desk in the recording. (poor quality) * Brainstorming & Organisation 6 Nobody watching this fim_would believe that Mertin wes a gangster 20 @ Inpairs, write notes in the table below about: {oot very believable) 7 What was realy great about tis fm + 2 film you have both seen ‘oat the ethane in + arestauranticafe you have both been to Pate tries * aproductiservce you have both used (e.g. Discman, sports, aeerenn eee renee accessory, music download service) 8 After having re0 the book, crus stand the film, (aled to live up to Film RestaurantiCafé ry expectations) Tile Name eas 9. Everyone should go and see this show, sainaed (would thoroughly recom People invohed isiec, | Type tesondnesth fod ee ee (would thoroughly recommend) ee) tetarrt msihtentcte ee | PPPOE Teese) fe pees (€ase of us) Pot Atmosphere ea ee panera other Would you recommendit? ae ‘Would you recommend it? ProductiService 22* Similarities and Differences 22. @ Fillin the blanks with the phrases given. There are several possible answers. Siritarities Differences + rather like + quitertotalyrcompletely sma to different from 1+ much the same as + bears itteino resemblance + notunlike to + inthesarel similarway | * words apart S + another thing altogether + beassa(stronghemerkabie) | + on the other hand reserrbance to 4+ in (Stark) contrast to) + however 1. While the first film was good, alhround family entertainment, the sequel is 2 “Lone Star’ Distant Voices in that both ratratwes begin in along forgotten generation. 3. ‘Loving June’ and The Test of Time’ are rf you would be hard-put to find two plays which were ‘more strikingly cifferent 4 The way Cartier describes his characters is the technique employed by Schult 5. The Fems's the kind of restaurant which you could visit any ight ofthe week, Pere’, where you would probably need to book weeks in advance 6 Scorcese draws you into the plot Coppola also manages to make you feel as if you are part ofthe action. . Now write similar sentences of your own to compare and contrast two books/playsi/films/ Ds, etc, that you are familiar with 23 Discuss... WL Read the two rubrics below and answer the ‘questions that follow. Then write one of the tasks in about 250 words. ‘You have ead the folowing announcement in a consumer megazine ‘Are You Being Served? How satisfied are you with the produets and services that you use? Are you geting value for money? We want to know. Write a review of one product or service that you have bought or used, and sendit tous. We are particulatly interested in your views on the following: +Sports clothes and accessories + Electrical items such as CD, MiniDise and programs, websites, research facilities, ete Your loca library is running a competition to find the best young reviewers in your area and you have decided t0 center Read the extrac from the announcement below and ite your review, What do I have to write? All we want you to do is to compare and ‘contrast two works from the world of art, literature, film or music; for example you could write about two films, two books, two plays, two CDs, etc - but NOT a book anda CD. Tell us what you think about them - and don't forget to mention whether or not they would be suitable for young people! What do you have to write? Who i the target reader? What style is appropriate? Which points from the rubricteading input will you aches? How will you organise your points into paragraphs? How could you begin and end your review? 2324 > Language Focus 1 a. Work in pairs. What kind of relationships are shown below? J . With which of the photographs would you associate the following phrases? Who would say them about whom? Discuss with your partner. 1. She's my mentor and my confidante 2. His conversation may be limited, but he's my most loyal frend, 3 I've changed so much since she armved 4 Every anniversary slike our fist 5 United we stand; we can overcome any ‘we work together {6 Sometimes we pretend to be each other for fun Fealty if 2 ‘A: think sentence 1 was said by the gir in picture B about her grandmother. 8 agree, although its not impossible that the men in EorF could have sid it © Work in pairs. Look at the relationships in Ex. 12 again. Using the underlined parts, talk about situations where 1 the generation gap is badges 2-2 person gies newmesning to the ife ofthe other person 3 there someone a person can abwaysrey on tolend asmnatheticest unconditional ave gen and receved ‘trust and dependability create 2 fnendship the people grow apart a person becores somebody aide andy a person becomes a paring fife sibling mai is overcome by strong ratema fing 10 teemuoek and co-operation ensure that pars ard ambition are relied 11 peopl stick together though thick ad thin 12 sacfice an tum ply a part, Match the adjectives to their opposites, then make sentences to show their meaning A 8 1 approachable a tactful 2 egotistic b aloof 3. unsympathetic © conciliatory 4 gloomy d self-effacing 5 indiscreet @ buoyant 6 provocative f compassionate ‘Most of my university lecturers were approachable and friendly, but there was one, Dr Sanders, who always seemed distant and aloot. ‘Odd-one-out. Find the odd-one-out in each group of words, then briefly explain why it doesn't fit in the ‘group. Consult a dictionary if you wish, charming - approachable - cordial eager — inclifferent— fervent —keen dominant bessy - forceful ~ meek messy ~ disordered - regimented —dsorgeised tuoubled ~ carefree —blthe -ighthearted Unforthcoring ~ cautious ~suspiocus ~ amicable blunt — gracious — brusque — forthright English in Use (Grammar 2 What will these people say about the 1 wort move fouse uti I've saved some more money. same topics 20 years from now? Til have graduated I don't need a car; Tm used to eating from university by the T always cycle to work very litle, time my sister finishes school. 1 had been working there for seven yeos. b. Imagine yourself 20 years older. How would you talk about your current occupation, habits, ete, ? When Iwas 0 years younger, was stil studying English lived in. English in Use ~Part 1 7 Choose A,B, Cor Dto fill each gap. What is make-up? War 0)...C... .a mask, something a woman uses to increase self-esteem? The answer is none ofthe above, although all ofthese 1)... have been used to describe it over the 2)... I's true that women spend a lot of ‘money on make-up, about £500 a year 01.3)...» but isall for a good cause, Make-up, if used correctly can have many benefits. It would be 4) ...n- t0 criticize make-up without fist 5)... its advantages to the wearer. Women do use make-up 10 6) sn. self-esteem, but it isa self-esteem that already exists. By 7)... cosmetics, a woman feels better about herself she feels more attractive and more 8) Like it or not, a woman is often 9)... 0n her appearance. She will use lipstick, blusher, mascara, and the 10)... ,t0 enhance her beauty and therefore her‘value’in the 1) of others. Cosmetics are a tool for attracting attention and 12)... favourable first impression. Lets face it, there's a Hot of 13) uu Out there these days and even though we might not want t0 14) ou. it, we were not all born with the looks of supermodels. Make-up, therefore, offers we ‘ess than- perfect’ women, a(n) 15)... with which to compete. 0 A colour B ink © paint D varnish 1A terms B ites phrases D latels 2 A days B ages C years D months 3A standord B average © balance D per 4A unjust B dishonest inhuman D impolite 5A regarding B considering © comparing D weighing 6 A jump B it C boost D ise 7 A putting B apphing © plang D spreading BA confident B conscious © confined comerient 9 A selected B chosen judoed D craded 10 A usa B similar © noxnal D ike 11 A minds B ees © hearts D sous 12 A axcating B building © forming D producing 13 A challenge B struggle © competition D rvalry 14 A admit B confess © announce D deny 15 A bomb B gun weapon D arsenalEnglish in Use- Part 6 8 For questions 1-6, ead the following text and then choose, from the list A-J given below, the best phrase to fil each of the spaces. There are three phrases you will not need. There is an example (0). Dads: Equalising the Family Equation When my child was small, we used to read 0) .J.., which was about the Bumsteads, a typical suburban ‘amily. The funniest episodes always seemed to involve the times when Dagwood, 1)... ad to baby- ‘ihe children. The frst thing he'd do as parent.in-residence was put on his wife Blonde's apron. It was 2s by wearing something that belonged to her, he was symbolically becoming her. For the Bumsteads, as for most Wester couples during the 1950s, 60s, and 70s, being 2) Today we know better. Studies have shown the importance of gender roles in shaping our corsciusnesses, and we are now aware of the crtical role fathers play throughout 3)... . Because he {smale and because he isthe other parent, the father expands the child's range of experience and claifies 4 Despite al the changes that have taken place in the last few decades, two facts remain: Fist, mothers are stile primary caretakers of preschcol children and, second, most day-care providers are women. This reas that young children are stil raised in an environment tat is almost exclusively female. It may’ also mean that the father isthe only male 8) ‘The problem with ths is that it ves a child an incomplete notion of what 6)... . The male parent, wth his diferent ways of relating and playing, rounds out a child's sense of the different sexes. He ¢vorsrates that human society is made up of two genders, each with distinct styles of dress, thought, and beaut Englshin Use-Part 5 A the stages ina chid’s development B the word is about the cid has contact with one regular bass D the opinions they have (on childcare the father and breadwinner F the female meant being athome G the ideas they have about masculinity H the parent meant being the mother | the fathers: responsibilities are J the popular comicstrip Dagwood and Blondie For questions 1-13 read the following brief for a sunscreen advertisernent. Based on the information in the bref, complete the text for the advertisement, Use no more than two words for each gap. The words you need do not ‘appear in the brief. There is an example (0). Gary, we Could you start work on the list of features forthe AliSun sunscreen (we need them to finish the design of the back of the bottle)? Mention that the skin is protected all the Onn time, and that AllSun products act like @ ) shield agoinst sunrays which aren’t good for you, but let your skin tan beautifully. It socks up 97% of UV-rays and won't dry out {your skin. It won't be washed off by sweat tr water. Our range consists of lotions ‘available in factors 5, 10, 20, 30 as well as fosy-to-use sprays. And there's a'sell-by ate on the top, which means that you ‘always get the freshest protection possible. with tanning Very high 4) 100% sweat-proof and 6) ‘Available in 7) (factor 5, 10, 20, 30) + For extra 8) of sunscreen sprays. Sad Se BSE allsun@ Non-stop (0) ...protection... from the summer sun barrier against sunrays. I Protects effectively without 3) Tate (97% of UV-rays) 5) skin moisturised at all times. of protection use, try our range ‘AliSun products come in many fragrances - {ecorut, wild rose and vanilla are some of + Safety guaranteed ~ 9) one them. And, of course, don't forget to on top of bottle. mention allSun-Kids, which now comes in +10) of fragrances on offer includes battles shoped like animals. Anyone who | coconut, wild rose and varia ‘ wants more info can call our free helpline. 5 i way, the National institute for For more 11 ; i sunscreen around! Too good a selling point sotto mention! wv Listening & Speaking Listening - Part 3 14 2. You will hear an interview with two writers who have each written books about marriage. Before you listen, discuss the following 1 How can the following help or hinder the success of @ mamnage? Discuss in pairs. « financal difficulties « wilingness to compromise * open- mindedness « professional sucess + assertiveness + sense of humour 2. Go through the gapped text in Ex. 14b. What kind of issues are going to be discussed in the recording, and wat kindof information is missing from each ep? ®@ (8, Now listen to the recording. For questions 1-9, complete the sentences with a word or short phrase. D Appearances Evelyn’ first [1 reveal why so many modern marriages fail did not Evelyn found her daughter's atitude to one of the R very significant. Paul agrees that not many couples believe that marriage saB Paul accepts that people shouldn't ie with very bad marriages. Evelyn believes that [5 {are only part of the problem, Evelyn thinks that people no longer e with each other Paul refers to two modern [7 to getting marted. The previous generation would have found these arrangements [& Evelyn feels that deep down, people are stil fe 30 ‘c_ What, in your opinion, is the most essential ingredient for a successful marriage? Speckng art 3 Goes 15, look at these pictures showing ways in which people try to enhance their appearance. Talk to ‘each other about how effective these methods are in improving one’s appearance and whether you ‘would ever think of doing something similar. Then, decide which two you think are totally unnecessary. Speaking - Part 4 16 Discuss the following questions together. 11 Do people place too much emphasis onthe way they look? 2. Which is more important: a handsome physical ‘appearance oF a gocd personality? 3 Are good-looking people treated dtferentl from less ‘0¢ looking people? 4 Are women more concerned about their appearance than men? 47 (listen to two candidates doing the speaking tasks above and compare their performance to that cof your classmates. Assess your classmates in terms of: * grammar and vocabulary * discourse management * pronunciation * interactive communication> Communication * Hope and Regret 418 @ Read the following dialogues and underline the phrases used to ask about and express regret and lack of regret. 1A. Areyou glad you came back to England? B: Wel, yes and no. Looking back, glad | came back because that meant | could be near my parents, who were quite old. But its such a pity that had to ge up my business in France. | was doing ever so well 2. A |s there anything you would change about your B: Wel, if could turn back the clock, I'd probably have been more dedicated from the start. mean, | used to waste my time on all sorts of things rather than concentrate on my Professional development. On the other hand, 1 ‘suppose | was too young to know any better b. Workin pairs. Use items from the useful language box to act out similar dialogues about yourselves. Talk about * your education * your career * your friendsffamily + your homefbelongings Asking about regret Expressing regret + What would you have in retrospect, wish ove diferent if? ‘With hindsight, should / + Doyou (eves) egret ..? could /would + Doyouhave any regrets | + really should have known about .? better + Wreyou gad you? *+ ve only got mysefto + Doyoueser wish you blame, hacit.? + Its (such / quite) a pty + sthere anything you that ‘would change about “Fl could tum back the dock, | Expressing lack of regret | + if could go backin time, + traeroregets about.) | 1 * Looking beck, glad |... | = If knew then what I know + ifthadet (done), ow | vwouldrthave (been able | + Iwas too young to know 0) any better + Tue never regretted doing | * if only! ) ‘dike to have (done) Iweuidn't change athing | + | regret not (doing) (about. ‘© Thaveto confess that ++ was the best thing | ‘often wish hadi’) eri. 9 @. Fill the gaps in the dialogue using items from the useful language box. There may be more than one way to complete the dialogue. at youself in five yeers? B: Wel, certainly 2) change my career. Fl stil be a teacher - just love it. Howeves,'d3) ‘ty own house in fve years. ‘Asking about the future Responding What do youhopeto..2-_ | * hope... /V'm horing + Wheredo you seeyousaf | * Id like to have... in in. years? years. * What doyou mean todo | + I'm (quite) ansious/ about ..? anprchensive about (the * Doyou fancy giving. a possibiity of) tn? + Imean to + Have you (ever) toyed with | 1 (dont) intend to the idea of ..? Te got /Ihaven't gota + Would you (ever) consider} plan to 7 ‘© My top priority now is to + What are your aims? + Where do you go from here? b. Roleplay. Work in pairs. Student Ais a TV interviewer; student B is a famous person. Act ut a dialogue using language from Exs. 18b and 19a, asking and answering questions about the past and the future ‘A: Qurguest tonights Syvio Malin. Sylva, do you ever reset. B. Well Ihave to confess that if could turn back the chock, * Expressing Sympathy 20 In pairs, guess and say what the other speaker says. 1k B. Id fea the same way. 2 & You must be quite worried 3A B: really fee for you an B: know how you feel. ve been there. 31= Writing Anicles can be dscusive, narrative or descriptive ~ ‘or combination of al thee. lays read the rubric carefully before you write * Interpreting the Rubric Read the rubrics below, paying attention to the numbered sections. Then, for each rubric, answer ‘the questions that follow. A @ You work for a tourist office and have been asked to rite an artic fora brochure which s being produced | ‘Your article should give details about the main toutst attractions in_your area? In your arte you should mention what kind of people these places of interest ‘would anneal to? and any other information you think ud be use ‘ ‘Your schoolcollege magazine’ has asked students to f© submit artes entitled ‘How to buld up your own self ‘© ‘confidence? Your artide should indude useful advice for fellow students? You may, if you wish, illustrate your artide with one or two examples from your own experience * vas 153 errgee Ts] ese a = Will you use mainly discursive, descriptive or narrative waiting? ‘What must you include in the main body? ‘What other things could you inelude? 32) * Processing the Reading Input 22. Imagine that you are going to write an artide about the personal qualities needed tobe a successfulstudent, Read the extract from the reading input below and, from each of the pairs ‘of topic sentences, choose the most appropriate response. Give reasons for your choices. The qualities we think are most important for flltime students ae as flows ++ Fist of all, you need to be self-reliant.' Why? Because, at the end ofthe day, only you can get that iploma or degree and you shouldnt expect anyone to heln you, ? ‘+ Then, you need to be tolerant > because you are going to meet some petty bering people. * + 4x, mst important of als the capacity fr har werk — staying up all night with a tue pot of cofee wile Decessary® So, if you really want to qualify, you can forget about having a social life © 1. Although I think sel-rlance important, think ts absolutely crucial for students to be able to ‘communicate with their tutors and lecturers. 'b_Ithink the comment that you reed to be selfreliant is rubbish; iF that’s the case, what are we paying University lecturers for? 2 a Is ridiculous to say that you shouldn't expect anyone to help you. I would like to suggest that there are some cases where help with your studies i vital ~ especialy if you fall behind, 3. a I Would not list tolerance among the key quali. 1b Idon't understand why you wrote that about being tolerant. 4 a | feel that the comment about boring people & unnecessary negative So, the writer (who fm sure i a very interesting person) thnks students ae bering, does he? 5 a I wouldn't mind staying up all ight sometimes, but | don't drink coffe! I believe that itis iesponsible and unrealistic to suggest such an unhealthy approach to studying, your comtespondent failed to even mention the benefits of organising the worklead. 6 a There are ways of combining work and pleasure. 1b I don't think | would like to forget about having a social fe. b. With a partner, discuss how you could support the topic sentences you chose. You should also say how you, personally, would respond to this article,* Descriptive Language 23 Put the descriptive words in the correct places in the tables below. * atrocious «stocky + homible « quaint + unpleasant * welrbuilt attractive « delightful + miaoscopic + imposing + charming * petite ‘adorable « dreadful * miniscule « disgusting *gjgantic « diminutive + colossal ‘mumble + glance + stroll « squint « sprint ‘notice + exclaim * lean + trudge + yell ‘stretch * glimpse + limp * shriek b. Write sentences of your own using the vocabulary above, paying attention to collocations (a pretty dress; to dash to the shops, etd) * Narrating 2A @ Read the following sentences and put the verbs inbrackets into the correct forrn. Some variation is possible 1 One! (find ou) that he had a criminal recerd, had te dificult task of (avoid) himso that I dnt have (plain) ty Ino longer wanted tobe seen with him, 2 Tobeginssith | was eluctant (get involved) in another relationship but, 25 our fendship (grow), found myself (fall intove 3 Afteca shor tine, began (realise) that life on my own was not as glamorous a5 | . (expected) 4 We (travel) orless than an hour when, without waming, Josie announced that she wanted 0p) 5 Nosooner had we got to know one anther than Neils father announced that he (cet) 2 new Job and that they (move) t0 ‘another town. ke | | | | b. Look again at the underlined time words and phrases above and suggest alternatives. You may need to change the structure of the sentence. Discuss. yt», 25, Read the two rubrics below and answer the questions that follow. Then write one of the tasks in about 250 words. A ‘Yeu recently saw the following announcement in a local 8 © Trecotegehereyou are stung has ased ou to wrte s an artide for new students to be published in the nena n your are, ou sald point otto oF ‘three things students should expect from college life and _gve suggestions as to the best ways of dealing with them, 1. Whois the target reader? What style is appropriate? ‘What title will you give your ati? Will you use mainly discursive, descriptive or narrative language? 4 Which points from the rubricteading input well you address? How will you organise your points into paragraphs? How could you begin and end your article? 33Growing Concerns a Language Focus 1 0 2 3 4 5 a. Are the following words/phrases criminals(C), crimes (CS) or policing equipment(P)? ‘Mark them accordingly. embezzlement «rook handcuffs felony surveillance system gang inmate homicide intruder perpetrator riot tear bomb heat-seeking device truncheon mmisdemeanour . Now explain the words/phrases in your own ‘words or by using them in a sentence. Hehas been charged withthe embezzlement of over £300,000 public funds Underline the correct word. 1. A presumption of innocence means that @ person is innocent until confirmed / proved / showed / demonstrated guilty 2. Every attempt should be made to prevent people from being accused / alleged / blamed / charged with crimes that they did not commit. 3 If someone is being held in a particular type of protection / supervision / custody / care, they are being kept in a place that is similar to prison, 4 Bail / Bond / Security / Guarantee is permission for a person who has been arrested to be released, after the required sum of money has been paid 5 The case was noted / learned / heard / perceived bya famous judge. j 6 Tobe formally decared innocent isto be excluded / excused / absolved / acquitted 7. He maintained that he was not in the area at the time of the crime, that was his alibi / pretext / apology / confirmation. & Ifa criminal s given a(n) interrupted / suspended / postponed / shelved sentence, they will nly serve it if they commit another crme in a specified period of time. 9 Mistakes are sometimes made in the legal system ‘and innocent people are incorrectly / inaccurately / wrongly / inexactly convicted. 10 He appealed / entreated / begged / solicited against his sentence and it was reduced to four months imprisonment, Using a dictionary if necessary, explain the difference between the words/phrases in each group. judge manslaughter magistrate assassination prosecutor murder supreme court acquittal magistrates court release tribunal iberation armed robbery pesuny burglary contempt theft of court mugging suborning a witness 1 Serious cases such as murder are heard by ajudge, whereas magistrates deal with kss serious offences eg. trafic code violations. A prosecutor on te other hand, Fillin the gaps with one word. 1 Quite a few supermodels hae a stand against the wearing of real fur 2 Since the compary was footing the he Ctdered the most expersie thing an the menu 3 The defendant was set fee because the jury were unable to averdat 4 Tom against his parents wishes when he Joined the ary after leaving school. They wanted him to go tournersty 5 Melinda's qute welloff because her mother lft her her stocks and shares when she pased 6 Hoving witnessed a fatal accident, you could be called to cexiderce ina courtof aw 7 He himself onthe mercy of the court and begged them to ge him another chanceB Please read the memo, sgn it and then pass it Thank you 9 They decded to achice and take the matter to cour. against their lawyers 10 | don't agree that the government should send aid to other counties when there are omeless people in this country, as far as tm concerned, charity atbome! 55 & Read the newspaper clippings and fill the gaps with the words/phrases given, ‘* deportation proceedings * claim « action + alleged ties * sum * net « fiscal « largely due © controversial decision ‘iablity * ruled * detain * quarter « string * forward * campaign « settlement ‘The investment management arm of Winston Royal is [facing another 1) of mismanagement [| ofacient’s staf pension fund Milton County Councils considering legal 2) aganst the US bank - which last year made an out-of- cout 3) with Unicorn Pensions over its handling of the consumer group's fund. Winston Royal did not admit 4) over the handing of the Unicorn Pensions fund, but in August this year it paid another undisclosed 5) to Ne the Supreme Court . that the government can 12). illegal immigrants without bail during their 13) .. . « The five- to-four ruling applies to non-citizens who have served sentences for serious crimes, ~ after poor Christmas sales The headlines contain information about the content of the articles that is not given in the dippings. What is the extra information? 4. What do these terms mean? 1. outof-cour settlement (dipping A) 2. fiveto-four ruling (cipping C) Calls for Executive to Executive to quit || &) AstroCom’s £115.5 million 6) profit for its latest 7) year was better than the year before, but much weaker than the firm had said it expected. The disappointing result was 8) toa 12% drop in sales in the last 9) aaa French and Belgian Police said arrests in Paris and Deinze importa the id be important steps 14) .. in yee ast ried cine in Canal Europe. French police arrested two individuals with 16) ooo. 10 a matiaestyle network responsible for a 17) of bank robberies last November. They are said to have tol interrogators tht on edt Naren oe WI YN ae “4 SUPREME ‘COURT RUL RULING } | ae NATIONWIDE PROTESTS | fe. Form compound nouns to refer to 1. amajorty which consists of two out of three members ‘atwo-cutof tree majority ‘2 medicine that can be bought over the counter 2 gesture that wes over the top 2 place thats out of the way 2 news channel wihich broadcasts round the dock ‘an opportunity that only arises ance ina lifetime36 ~~ English in Use Grammar ‘a. Turn the following sentences from active to 9 passive or vice versa. 1 We only needed to warm the dinner up but Martha left the oven on foran bour and burned it 2. He was given a suspended sentence for two years ‘and made to pay a fine by the judge The lease has tobe signed by both parties. Someone has to clean the kitchen. You can't make her join if she doesn't want to, | don't ike people younger than me teling me what todo. Wil they tell her the truth? 8 The woman is thought to have left the country by ow, 9 They asked him to bring his degree certificate 10 Everyone knows that extreme sports are hazardous 11 Which hotel di they eventually choose for their wedding reception? 12. Don't et them talk you out of it b. Complete the gaps using causative forms. 1) "My back hurts more now than it did last week.” "Don't you think you should v 2 They bya famous intener designer. 3. "I thought you said Janet \was.a brunette!” "She was, but she 4 "Where can I buy a dress lke that? > “Youcen't | 5 tfyou have to go without him, 6 Once you she starts talking about astralogy, you stop, 7 Once she makes her mind up about something you cant ‘She's very stubborn. 8 | don't believe it! That's the second time Marie's this month! then weiljust 9 You'lhave to have to take the train to London 10. Frank had by the school nurse ‘otherwise you'll English in Use—Part 4 7 Fill the gaps with words formed from the words in capitals. Victory P Over Censorship ‘On April 22, US District Judge JL Hendren ordered Cedarville School 0) officals to return the four JK Rowling books of the Hany Potter series back into general » ‘on the school districts library shelves. In June, the school board had voted 34c-2 to a motion requiring students t0 obtain 2) snes seven Permission 10 checkout the books. The board had 3) vue a unanimous decision by the dsc’ library committee. The school board acted after @ parent complained about the Harry Potter books. The three board members who voted for the 4) said they felt the books prompted children to §) «.. ‘authority. Billy and Mary Nell Counts filed lawsuit agains the school district because they were afraid their daughter would be 6. -ifshe were 7) as someone who read books the district considered ‘ei. 0 OFFICE 3. RULE 6 STIGMA 1 CIRCULATE 4 RESTRICT 7 IDENTITY 2 PARENT — § OBEY Velees of the Poverty is much more than a(n) 8) .. income. For the poor, the good le or well-being is ‘multidimensional with both material and psychological dimensions. Well-being is $) = of choice: and action; it is peace of mind! itis safety; ts belonging to a community; itis a(z) 10) .. livelihood and a steady source of income; itis food. The poor describe il- being as lack of material things — food especially, but also lack of 11), -» money, shelter and clothing ~ and living and working in often 12) polluted and risky environments. They also defined i being as bad experiences and bad feelings about oneselt 19) of powerlessness over one's life and of being voiceless were not 14) ‘neither were feelings of 15) .. wvwws and far for the furwe. 8 ADEQUATE 11 EMPLOY 14 COMMON 9. FREE 12 HEALTH © 15. ANXIOUS 10 DEPEND 13. PERCEIVENothing Funny English in Use-Part 3 about Theft Free unlimited cash — the ultimate dream of most every greedy ° oes individual on the planet. It turned out, however, to be 2/00 ¥ B lnmestofthetines inthe "ightmare though for the Crosdale family of Coventry when they | 1 folowing ten there san discovered an obliging cash machine that just could say no. | 2 mecasary word For” After numerous vists up to the machine, the four of them had | 3 estore Uiefrd the — 2ccumulated a grand total of £134,410 in stolen some money with | 4 Teresa wordsand which they are immediately went on an extrevagent shopping | 5 tether heres $6 Te st reaction of many people to ths ston i. 1am | 6 suspect, ike mine. | laughed. But even if you begin to think about | 7 romied you thirk it, you start to feel ike the asharned child caught with his hand in | 8 ——— the proverbial cookie jar. For why should theft be all funny? | 9 = These people were criminals. And let's be dear about that what | 10 ah they did was a punishable offence. if you walk past a shop which | 11 pen § has had a smashed window, you know it is illegal to take |12 eae anything. The excuse that the merchandise is as readily availabe is | 13 ee meaningless. The broken open cash machine is just like the | 14 canoes QRS tattered window. There's nothing stopping you from taking what | 15 . you want, but if you do, itis stil such a crime 16 English in Use Part 5 For questions 1 - 13, read the following memorandum. Using the information, complete the numbered gaps in the leaflet. Use no more than two words in each gap. The words you need do not appear in the note. There is an example (0). — James, REEN - lease use the notes below for the GOING eee Oe Ae ‘Going Green’ leaflet. We need to Sereda encourage people to: Dale) + Buy local food. + Buy fresh food ~ food that has been put in packages is heavier on the earth’s resources, + Eat less meat. + Use honey instead of sugar, (massive amounts of chemicals used to grow sugar ). + Drink tap water (avoid water in plastic bottles) + Buy cars with catalytic converters and use only unleaded fuel. + Wake up to the fact that what we see on the catwalk encourages us to discard good clothes and buy what se this Yea we don't really need. Dost 9) eae ed + Resist computer and mobile phone cation i rn og 3 our best et tas been 0) oe ge meals they place fod such as ready aso, void Food which Dv amount of meat you eat ‘Spray crops na ey ~ sugar 8) == ‘ou the tap instead of BUYIN ivio ae i o 4 sin the environment Lon the Ganges: 3) me agar for Cx with a tot of —- with catalytic nde 7 gure your cal “es 1 is kind of ted upgrades -they use huge amounts of Don't get ed cnt, This Ki poisonous substances. anon oe Grow flowers instead of buying cut ‘huge amour Grow fi f buying cu ooaee (mention pesticide use), have been 1) Avoid excessively packaged goods. products vt avoid ity Recycle. you cant ting it in the bin. “asic ater than puting 37 sg we buy from shops The cut ones to ey pestis Last 19 01 1 for all the oxi. your own flowers? “Souered in to0 much 12) « find another 13)=) Reading 10 @ You will read an article about disappearing languages. Before you read, discuss the following. 11 The writer argues that we must try to save the languages that are threatened with extinction. What reasons do you think he gives for tis bebe? Think about culture ‘history s iderity Vanishing Voices ‘The world’s languages are disappearing at an unprecedented rate, but does it matter as long as people can communicate? David Crystal explains why linguistic diversity the key to our survival. In 1998, linguist Bruce Connell, was doing some field ‘work in Cameroon. He found a language called Kasebe, which no westerner had studied before. It had just one speaker lft, 2 man called Bogon. Connell had no time on that vist, so he decided to return to Cameroon a year leter. He arrived in the early winter, only to learn that Bogon hed died on November 5 ‘There is nothing unusual about Bogon’s story. Communities have come and gone throughout history, taking their languages with them. But, judged by the standards of the past, what is happening today is extraordinary. There are now about 6,000 languages the world. Of these, about half are going to die out during the next century. R ‘Many things can killa language, from natural disasters t0 cultural assimilation and genocide, On July 17 1998, an earthquake in Papua New Guinea, killed more than 2,200 people and displaced a further 10,000: several villages were destroyed. AS the survivors have moved ‘vay, will these communities (and thus their languages) survive the trauma of displacement? B This is often accompanied by a feeling of shame about using the old language. Those families that do continue to use it tend 10 do so in an idiosyncratic manner, resulting in “family dialects". Within a generation, healthy bilingualism within a family can slip into self- conscious semilingualism, and {HEHE into monolingualism. ‘Many different skills and characteristics enable a species, to survive in different environments, and the need to 2. The following are mentioned in th article, How ight they be related to the death ofa language? natural disasters * displacement + other dominant languages . Some paragraphs have been removed from the text. Add them from the paragraphs given on the ‘opposite page (A-G). There is one paragraph you do not need to use ‘maintain linguistic diversity stands on the shoulders of this argument. EiiG@pSUIaHE within a language is most of a community's history, a large part of its cultural identity, and a wealth of knowledge which the rest of the world can access. 5 Not everyone appreciates these things. Some people ‘accept the Babel myth: that the multiplicity ofthe worlds languages is a curse rather than a blessing. If only we had just one language in the world we would all be better off ‘World peace would be established fe In fact, a dying language will cause conflict rather than climinate it, albeit not between countries but rather within the individuals who have abandoned their ancestors’ language. The first generation is, typically, not so concerned, ax its members are still struggling to establish their new social position and master their new language. It is their children, secure in the new language and in a much better socio-economic position, with battles over land claims and civil rights behind them, who begin to reflect on (and feel unbearable guilt over) the heritage they have lost. 7 Can we save a few thousand languages, just like that? Yes, though it would not be easy. To save @ language you must get linguists into the field, support the community with language teachers, publish grammars and dictionaries - and all over a period of Several years. But these difficulties do not mean we can ignore the death of languages. Regretting the loss in the future would be pointless. When a spoken language dies, it leaves no archaeology. It iss fit has never been.However, all the big trouble spots of the world in recent decades have been monolingual countries ~ Cambodia, Vietnam, Rwanda, Burundi, Yugoslavia, Northern Ireland, And all big monolingual countries have had their civil wars If people want to fight each other, it takes more than a common language to stop them, Even if a people stay put, their language may still die as result of cultural assimilation. At frst, there i pressure on the people to speak the dominant language. Then there is 2 period of bilingualism. Finally, bilingualism starts to decline, with the old language RANE 0 the new. This leads to the third stag, in which the younger generation finds its old language less and less relevant ‘On November 4, Kasabe existed as one of the world’s languages; on November 6, it did not. The event might have caused a stir in Bogon’s village. If you are the last speaker ofa language, you are often considered special in your community. But outside the village, who knew or ‘mourned the passing of what he SSSR? Breton, in north-east France, is a classic example of @ language reducing dramatically in numbers. At the beginning of the 20th century it was spoken by a million people; it is now down to less than @ quarter of that. Breton can be saved if enough effort is made - the kind of effort that has already helped Welsh to recover from a dramatic decline - otherwise it could be gone in 50 years. ‘The full statistics are frightening. There are 51 languages with only one speaker left - 28 in Australia alone. ‘There are more than 3,000 with fewer than 10,000 speakers; and ‘staggering 5,000 languages with fewer than 100,000 speakers. Ninclysix per cent of the world’s languages are spoken by only 4% of its people. No wonder so many are in danger of dying, Sometimes what we lear from a language is SHH practical, as when we discover new medical treatments from the folk medicine of an indigenous people. Sometimes itis intellectual, as when the links between languages tell us something about the movements of carly civilisations, And of course, very often itis linguistic: we learn something new about language itself the behaviour that makes us truly human, ‘The common reaction among these peopl i randparents’ generation had ..” Indeed, if» ASGHGHAot effort had been devoted to language preservation, it would have left the option open for future generations to make their own choice. Is language death such a disaster? As long as a few hundred or even a couple of thousand languages survive, ‘you might say, that is sufficient. It is not. We should care about dying languages for the same reason that we care when a species of animal or plant dies. It reduces the diversity of our planet. In the ease of language, We are talking about intellectual and cultural diversity, not biological diversity, but the issues are the same. * Text Analysis Underline the parts of the article which helped you add the missing paragraphs, then compare with a partner. 12. In your own words, explain the following phrases in the artide 1. the need to maintain linguistic diversity stands on the shoulders of this argument. (before gap 5) 2. the multiplicity of the word's languages is a curse rather than a biessing, (before 6) 3° Allthe big trouble spots ofthe word... (para A) 4 The event might have caused a stirin Bogon'svilage. (para C) 5. a staggering 5,000 languages (oare®) * Vocabulary Practice 3. Match the highiighted ‘words/phrases in the passage with their synonyms below. * concentrated * variety « hugely * yielding» small amount * represented + from there * Discussion 14. Make a list of the points the writer makes. Do you agree? Discuss in groups. * Extension 15, Create an information leaflet titled "WHY LANGUAGES MATTER" Include information found in the text, and decorate it with pictures and charts 39)> Listening & Speaking Listening art 4 16 2 You will hear five short extracts in which various people are talking about charities they subscribe to. Before you listen, discuss the following. 1. Whats the importance of charities? 2 Do you contribute to any charities? If yes, what are they? If not, would you like to contribute to one? What woul its focus be? * erironimental? + social? (povertythe disabled human rights?) * other? (B) Now listen to the recording and do the tasks that follow. Task For questions 1-5, match the extracts as you hhear them with the people, listed A-H. ‘There are three items you will not need. A. anemironmentalst i Ba foster parent CC ateacher R D ave 5 E aretired accountant F aHousing Officer a G astudent H acl senant E Task 2 40 For questions 6-10, match the extracts as you hear them with the topics, listed A-H. There are three items you will not need. A thefight agairstinfant mortality B help for prsoners abroad CC medical elif for war victims fF cating forthe dsabed E awasted human resource fe F child tratickers 5 G reisng money for charity 1H funding confit 10 In groups, discuss these two phrases: *# Charity begins at home. + Its better to give than to receive D the Environment D soxial issues ‘Speaking — Part 2: Compare, Contrast & Assess Schecl otEconomce > Schoo of Soren “4 Aegon Sues a eee 2 oom bs kts 2 day oF betnen 1.201700 » Saturdays, Sundays and holidays betwee * Tous te bone, dene 3) ane 20 4) to Professor Gordon Mackie Paso be assed e yuna) ‘REGULATIONS 5 ee the administration does not 6) TY 19) nen COMPURBE “ problems, 10 Techical Suppor (oom Ad) the a) eee 1) em48 41 & Youwil read an article about experiencing ~ home is fr away, maybe in another ‘country, there are all sorts of problems 4). reed ta be facet, afte the inital setting n period, you ‘won't look beck You'll have ‘lectures to attend, 9) dubs and societies to join, and from a $0816) ~~ YOU be spoilt for choice. Getirgin Securing a plce at university snot easy by any means € Look again at the extract. | the frst topic sentence clear? How does the writer support this sentence? In paits, suggest ways of ‘supporting the second topic sentence. Discuss. « 255 Read the two rubrics below and answer the ‘questions that follow. Then write one of the tasks in about 250 words. The announcement below recently appeared on your F colege notice boad. CONTRIBUTORS WANTED FOR FORTHCOMING BOOK The college has boen asked to help with the compiling of @ new book, to be called ‘Education and the use of wclnoleg’, and students are invited to contribute. All you need t0 do is to write about one piece of ‘equipment or feility and sey how you have found it useful in your studs. You could, for example, write about how the electron microscope has helped in biology: oF ‘media studies students could write about the way they use video equipment. You could | even write about research facilities tht you hhave used on the Internet. Please submit your contributions to the college registry by 6th January. \ ‘Write your entry forthe book @ A publshing compary & planning a book ented, The Zand Century’ featuring short pices of writing from people in diferent counties of the word. White an entry forthe book, describing the ways in which you think ie in your country will change inthe crring 100 years 1 Who ae the target readers? What style is appropiate? 2 What kindof information vl appeal to your readers? 3. What tle will you ge your bock entry? 4 How will you oganise your main body into paragaphsections? 5 How could you begin and end your piece of writing? 53)54 A Job Well Done D Language Focus 1 a. Explain the underlined parts of the sentences below. 1 This company deals in pharmaceutical products 2. Ths company ffs Information Technology (m) senices. 3. Ths company attacs business fom art collector. 4s company specialises in business travel 5. This company suis switchboard and call centres b. Now match the sentences to the company logos below. & What would be the role of the following professionals in each of the businesses in 1b? 7 ahuman resources manager 1 anetwork administrator 2 alegal advisor 8 a communications 3 areceptionist technology expert 4 atelephonist 9a secretary 5 asafety 10a PR (public relations) consultant officer 6 asecunty guard 1A network administrator would have increased responsibity working for PT and TEMAR because they dealin technology. However Varboda Studio. Fill the gaps with the words given. ‘= blood» job (x2) * bone * sweat » tools * work = grease 1. We tried to make the best of a bad but there was no way the product could come out on time after that error. 2. The presentation Alan prepared was just the now everyone understands the approval process. 3 With sty applications to look through befere lunch, | have my cut out for me. 4 He wotked his fingers tothe jb done in time, but he couldn't do it 5 He says his computer keeps crashing, but a bad ‘workman always blames his doesn't he? 6 A lot of work in the restaurant needed sheer elbow tke taking huge bags of rubbish out toget the to the dumper 7 He is respected because he made top management purely by the of his brow, 8 What the team needs is some new -a new person to give us@ fresh perspective ‘a. Match A to B, then use some of the collocations to complete the sentences. You may need to ‘change the form of some verbs. A 8 1. makelmiss a hous 2 deskisteady b bonus 3 arealstage © adeadine 4 longfregular schedule 5. overtimelseverance © post 6 productvty/Christmas fb 7. weeklypacked 9 manager 8. managesiaVadministrative pay 1 fithadn’t been for the overtime putin, we woud have mised the dean. 2. The director trusted her with afn) although her experience was rather limited, 3° He used the he got when he was, led off to start a small catering business in Leeds 4. He decided to give up singing, get a and settle down, 5 The will be paid on the 22nd of December. 6 His indudes a meeting with freelance programmers every Friday. 7 The instructed the tighting technician to dim the spotlight litle. 8 He often has to work which makes planning lunch quite diffi b. Now use the collocations you did not use in Ex. 3a in your own sentences.4 @ Look through the words in Ex. 4b and look up any unknown ones. b. Inpairs, think of a business to start together. First, complete the details of your business below (you can tick as rmany boxes as you wish). Name of business: Line of business: 2 communications (] trevel Coinarence Clentertarment: (© food / beverage [J ecceunting Ow Cleducetion Or CDberking & fence (technology tno) treneport heevy industry — ] mediche patie relations Cpbiching hesith & fitress hospitality Terget merket: TD teenegers Cees (© thety-somethings 1 over-forties pensioners (trend folowers CD al ages TD other businesses other professionals [Iwreveing businessmen [1] households Locetion: CD central Claturten lon the outekrts 1 remote Type of premises: C1 privately-owned rented 1 hi office block ( mult-storey buking [C] in shopping centre Now tell the class about your business. Use vocabulary from Exs, 1 and 4b. Smith & Nerrington isa leading provider of accounting services for individual professionals and other businesses. We aelocatedina rmeder afice block in the centre of Modrid. 4. Ifyou own a real business or work for one, tell the dass about it. 5 Underline the correct word. 6 She's the wife of a multimillionaire and is used to getting ‘money on order / demand / command /instructon 11 As the company was on the edge / verge / rim / side of bankruptcy, the manager was forced to layoff 70% of the employees. 7. It's. eat job with a relly good salary plus advantages / 2. We are a growing business, so we're always looking / favours / benefits / extras. searching / seeking / asking self-motivated, energetic 8 The volunteers in our organization work for and on part / people to join our ever-growing team, side / behalf / support of those who cannot work for 3 My dad wes forced to go on the dole / welfare / charity / themselves. unemployment after his business collapsed, 9 John Flowers works in the bank's South American group / 4 She saw an ad about a magazine recruiting / enrolling / dass / division / department. enlisting / appointing junior editors for their New York 10 Come down to our central warehouse and see the office and applied immediately extensive line of appliances on offer / bid / auction / 5 Because the young novelist had yet to be publshed, he proposal worked on and on/ off / over / above as a house painter tomake ends meet. 5556 > English in Use Grammar 6 a. The following items contain mistakes, Rewrite them So that they are correct. 1. told you the truth, you wouldn't have believed me 2. becught 2 couple of towelsin case we wanted to swim, 3. Had | known you were going to buy mil, | would not tay any set b. Complete the sentences about yourself 1 fthad known 2. tf lwere 3 If knew then what | know now, English in Use - Part 1 a Choose A,B, Cor Do fill each gap. Just a D> > rr reer rar>r>>> Little Respect stay chances failing change recited adie wealth named drawn insights topic task watch dificult apprecated kind ‘A few years ago, it looked as though Rich DeVos would not 0). 4 Mllend you some money proved you won't tell anyone. 5 Unless they wil tellus otherwise, we wil be thereat ten ©’ dock IF could have my way, IFenly hadn't to see another year. The 1) sown Were stacked heavily against the 70-year-old businessman and entrepreneur. With & 2) swore heart following a stroke, his only hope was to have a heat 3) vn» DeVos' life story is 4) ... im his new book, Hope From My Heart: Ten Lessons for Life. DeVos acquired during his rise to fame and 6) nnn 88 co-founder of the very prosperous, Amway Corporation. The ten lessons in the book are 7) ann. , among other things, hope, persistence, and respect ~ each 8)... (Gometimes humorously) by incidents from his own experience. Really, itis primer of ‘practical §) ‘Some of DeVos's most profound 9). this 10) .... are found in the lesson on respect. The ‘hero" in is @ rubbish collector whom the business leader met one summer. "He was fantastic at is (11)... " DeVos writes. "You could set your 12)... by him. He worked quietly and discreetly, a meticulous man who made a physically 13)... job look easy." When DeVos went out one morning to tell him he 14)... the job he was doing, the man told him that in 12 years of hauling garbage, no one had ever Said a 18)... word to him, including his boss. le odds faulty shift recounted sense riches dubbed ilstrated chapter chore meter tough valued generous risks flawed transfer repeated loge fortune labelled sketched unit jb ‘gauge demanding admired pleasent 9 o900000000000000 exist stakes imperfect transplant related wisdom power entitled demonstrated rations episode uty dock tying respected ‘weetEnglish in Use - Part 6 For questions 1-6, read the following text and then choose, ftom thelist A-J given below, the best phrase to fil each of the spaces. There are three phrases you will not need. There is an example (0). What are you going to do with your life? eda meataiew B_ break the big question down into] ‘At some time or another, each and every young person must 0) ..J..~"What can | do with my a few smaller ones Hie?" This a-important query can be looked atin two different ways. First, you can see it aS |< tecommend tess o other coeof the biggest and mast challenging questions you wil ever have to ask yourse Or, ityoure | esCres Comite to exploring just how mary options ae really out there, asking ican 1) spa them to be jb pert Samrtimes is ease it you 2) For example, "Where do want to five? "How much | ¢ er you started on the road toa ‘ine can I devote to achieving my goals? or What kind of qualifications will | need to acquire?” fuffiling career Suttwo of the most significant are “What are my interests and "What are my strengths?” F indicate particular interests that When you stat 10 8) ..uo » it makes sense to consider your inierests frst. After a, 2 | could be linked to pectic careers ‘swccessful career i best measured in how satisfying you find it, and it's easier to develop — |G consider interests and strengths ‘ergs ard sks than to actualy have to lar to fnd something interesting, H_ stop ad ask themselves one very ‘You've probably thought a lot about what you like and don’t like, and what kinds of jobs would ‘basic question ‘old your interest. But the more clearly you 4) wv: the closer you'll be to making smart career 1 define those interests choices. You may find, for instance, that you hadn't recognized that a lot af your experiences and J provide themselves with the ctices upto raw 5) recesary sls Ityou'e stil in high school, your school's guidance counsellors will aso chat with you about (ging to know your interests and strengths beter, and wil be able to 6) For questions 1-13 read the following notes taken during interviews for a job, Based on the information in the notes, ‘complete the text for the recommendation. Use no more than two words for each gap. The words you need do not ‘appear in the brief. There is an example (0). Jo: Carl Smythe, Managing Director From: Peregrine Jones, Personne! Manager On Friday, 22nd Apri, interviewed the two most Notes | promising applicants for the 0) position of District Manager. Fi 22 Apt Interdew 2 best replies to ad for |_TPe fist. Jol Priesty, has a very good CV and excellent ew dshict manager references , both referees emphasizing that he is @ ood t candidate - Jorn Pesty vee” player He has had two yeas inthe ro nen tev go sn peste, contruction rose through the ranks realy and 3) his way up to @ management wants to get ahead; : position. Clearly, he is very 4) to progress. ‘are of himself thinks arg ) oo Out, seems | tHe is 5) ‘and intelligent. In addition, he Bp beetles oot has excellent computer 6) 1 think he Grater aoe eat of Mew: computer whl, would be a great 7) to the company 2nd canchdate ~ Te rout The second, Terry Slocum, has @ fairly interesting CV, but fey Slocum: cv not bad, but hhasn’t had as much 8) as Mr. Priesty, hasn't done as much 5 much as ‘st candidate, refs not | while his referees suggest that he 9) #0.0000 oot much chive t sees presents motivation. 10), presenting himself in an meelt well, seemed positive, but under © assertive and posite manner, afew questions revealed that uestioning hach't come prepared, dct know he hadn't done much 11) into the much about Company background doesnt company’s background. | also doubt his 12) seem to have what It takes to handle big to manage large-scale projects, until he Projects (out wants to try, whlch ts a. good has acquited more experience ‘Q1); has potential, but still a bit green. In conclusion, | would 13) John Priestly 4 Restly is my cholce for a dstict manager for the poston of District Manager. 57> Reading 10 a. You will read an extract from an essay about the role of leaders in an organisation. Before you read, discuss the following. 1 Inyour opinion, wich three ofthe following are the ‘most important qualities for a leader? ‘charisma + management skils + organisational sil» foresight * ambition ability to cope with change 2 Read the essay quickly paying partcuar attention to the introduction and the first sentence of each aph, Which ofthe folowing isthe core idea of What e's les 165) 10 15 20 25 30 Really Do Leadership different fro monogernent, but not for the reasons most people think Leadessip isn't mystical ‘ond mysterious It hos nothing to do with having ‘charisma’ of other exotic personaity traits Itis not the province of « chosen few. Nor is leadership necessarily better than management or @ replacement for it. Rather. leadershio and management ae two Gfinetive ond complementary systems of action. Each has its own function and characteristic cctivties. Both ‘Ge necessary fer success in an increasingly complex ond, volatile business envirorment Most corporations today are over-monaged and Uundetled They need to develop ther copacity to exercise leadership. Corporations that are aware of this fact dor't simply st oround waiting for leaders to come long. They actively seek out people with leadership otenticl ond expose them fo coreer experiences designed to develon that potential Indeed, with coreful selection, UIRURG, ond encouragement, dozens of people con play important leadership roles in a business ‘rgorisation But wile improving ther ality to lead, companies Should remember that strong leadership with weak management is no better, ond is sometimes actualy worse, than the reverse. The real challenge is to combine strong leadership ond strong management and use each to baiance the other Of couse, not everyone con be good at both leading ‘and managing. Some people have the capacity to become excelent managers but not strong leaders. thers have great leadership potential but, fora variety of reasons, have great difficuty becoming strong 2) Leadership is more important than management, tb) Management is more important than leadership. © Management and leadership must complement each other b. Now read the article. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer (A, B, C or D). In the first two paragraphs, the writer compares leadership, to management in order to ‘A. show that only a few select people can be good leaders. BB _indkate that leadership is not impossible without charisma, (C debunk some misconceptions about the two functions D_ stress the necessity of management in the workplace. They don't make plans; they don't solve problems; they don't even organise people; that’s the ‘managers” job. What leaders really do is prepare organisations for change and help them cope as they struggle through it. Only organisations that embrace both the managers’ efforts to promote stability as well as those of the leaders’ to support change can survive in turbulent times. rmonoges. Srnart corporis Wi both kinds of peorie (nd wotk hatd to meke them o pat ofthe team When it comes to preparing people for executive Jobs such companies rightly sgnore the recent iteratire that soys people cannot manage and lead. They try to develop leader-monagers. Once companies understand the fundamental difference between leadestip and management, they can begin to S66 thel top people toprovde both. Management is about coping with complet. ts practices and procedures are largely « response to one Of the most signfcont developments of the twentieth century the BIMeIGEACB of large organisation. Without good management, complex enterpises tend to become chootic in ways that tveoten ther very ‘existence. Good management brings a degree of order ‘ond consstency to key dmersios ike the qualty ond ploftabilty of products Leadership, by contrast is cbout copng with chonge. Patt of the reason it has become so important in recent years i thot the busness word hos become mote Competiive ond more WEIGHE. Foster technoiogica change, greater internationa’ competion, the dereguation of matkets, overcapacity in captor intersveindustes and on unstable of cartel ee among the many foctrs that have contibuted to thes The resut i that doing what wos done yesterdoys no longer «© frmua for success. Major changes are more ond more necessay fo compete effectively in ths new envionment. And mere changes aways demand moe leoderstip, Consider a serple itty ancogy: A peocetine cy2. ede corporations that wish to develop leadership A take the initiative in the rectutment and training of leaders, B ty to encourage exsting staf to become leaders © consciously hire fewer managers and more leaders. look for people who can be trained to become managers. In order to train people to be both managers and leaders, companies must A. avcid misinterpreting recent literature on leadership. B understand that leadership and management are distinct. learn to value managers and leaders equally, _realse that not almost nobody can be good at both ‘a usualy vive with good adminktration and management ip ord down the hierarchy. coupled with good leadership ‘ncertroted ct the very top. A wartime army, however, needs capetent leadership otal levels, No one yet hs figured out tow to manage peonle effectively into battle; they must be ca These two dfferent functions - coping with complexity ond png with change - shope the characteristic activites of mmonogement ond leadership. Eoch system of action involves ccicng what needs to be done, creating networks of people {rd relationships that con accomplish an agenda, ond then {yg fo ersue thot those people actualy do the job. But each complies these three tosks in cifferent ways. Comconies manage complexty fest by planing ond tuigeting setting targets or goa for the future (typical for Whe next month or year), establishing detaied steps for Attievng those tagets. and then alocating resources to «compl those plo, By contrast, leading an organisation to (areuctive chonge begins by setting a dection ~ developing Cc vscn of the future (often the distant future) along with I stotegies for producing the changes needed to achieve that veer Management develops the copacty to actieve its plan by ‘ogarsing ond stotfing - creating on organisational structure rdsetof jobs for accomplishing plan requirements, staffing the 4 (ts with quatfied indviduas. communicating the plon to those pecple, delegating esponsbilty for conrying out the plan, ond devising systems to moritor implementation. The equivalent kodership octivty, however. cigning people. This meors communicating the new drection to those who con create 45 codtins that Understand the vison and cre committed to its cchievernent Findly, monogement ensures plan accomplishment by Centioing ond problem solving - monitomng resus versus the Bin in some detail. both formally and infornely, by means of reports, meetings, ond other tools: identitying deviations: ond then plorring ond organising to soWve the problems, But for leodersio, achieving o vision requtes motivating and inspiting = keeping people moving in the right drection, despite mojor Ekle to change, by oppecing to bxicbut often untepped iS turer needs, vaues ond emotions Leadership has recently grown in importance because A. doing business has become more comphcated B technology has changed beyond recognition. C the oll market has become unpredictable several markets have become deregulated The weiter draws the military analogy in ine 64-70 in order to A lustate the necessity of leadership in times of instability show wy itis essential to manage armies effectively give an example of a business that needs to be managed draw a comparison between leadership and management. ‘While management sets goals forthe near future, leadership A assists management with planning B contributes foresight forthe longterm tres to change the way we work. _ finds ways to improve management: Inorder to make a vision come true, leadership ‘A. as to become involved in problem-solving evaluates results and changes ts plan accordingly concerns itself with people's levels of motvation, makes sure management stays in the right direction, * Vocabulary Practice 11 12 Match the highlighted words in the essay with their synonyms below. ‘appearance * cultivating * appreciate * change ‘= magical + unstable * prepare * unique * hurdles * positive In your own words, explain the underlined parts. Then use some of them in your own sentences + Personality traits ar the distinguishing qualities and ‘horactristcs of person + "People who are chosen to be leaders must have certain personality tats.” * Text Analysis 13 Find parts of the article where the writer, 1. tas about what would happen to an organisation wathout good management 2. tries to make clear the differences between management ‘and leadership. 3 uses an example which is not directly related to his subject. 4 outlines the way a company should work * Discussion 14 How important is the ability to be a leader for each Of the following people? Why? Discuss in groups. ‘= aparent * a teacher * an atmy general + a fitness instructor * a film director 59> Listening & Speaking Listening - Part3, 4150 2 You will hear a radio interview about ‘employment and students. Before you listen, uss the following, 1 Do you fel that studers should receive financial aid fom the goverment? On what contors? 2. Go trough genped tr in Ex. 15b and ty to guess hat pat of spaech ach missing ite (B,) Now listen to the recording. For questions 1-9, ‘complete the sentences with a word or short phrase. You will hear the recording twice. Jane says that despite her [FY she faced great financial difficulties She was surprised that [2 proved to be such a challenge. Jane complains that her job in a was poorly paid and tiring Neil feels itis the responsibility of [4 to financially support students. Jane disagrees with Neil that some kinds of employment can be considered [5 "Nel daiers that some students [6 because working doesn’t leave them enough time for studying Neil denies that he and his fellow students waste money on [7 Neil regards students as important fs Jane accuses Neil of not [3 © What are the benefits of having a job while studying? What are the drawbacks? Do you have personal experience? Tell the class. 60 Speaking D Professions art 2: Compare, Contrast & Assess <> 1G 2. Look at the photographs below. Compare and contrast two or three of them, saying which job you would like to have and which one would be ‘the most stressful. b. Which of the jobs do you think is the best paid? SD the Workplace <=> Now look at the two pictures which show different workplaces. Compare and contrast the pictures, saying what differences there are between the places and which one would be better to work in.. Which of the two workplaces would be the more peaceful? 47.) Usten to two candidates doing the speaking tasks above and compare their performance to that cof your classmates. Assess your classmates in terms of, ‘grammar and vocabulary « discourse management ‘pronunciation. interactive communication 9 communication * Fillers and turn-taking 18 2 Read the dialogue quickly. What is the situation? A: 50 that we can deal withthe extra workload. B: You mean well ust get a couple more people on board? A Yes, exactly B: OK Goon, ‘A: Right .. where was I7...OK, moving right along to the next item on the agenda which isthe upgrading (of computers and other equipment before. Wait minute iff can just make a pont here, David A Sure : These new people will receive full raining, ight? A; Hmmm. its not an easy question to answer Take your time ‘A: Wel, frankly | don't know that we can afford the time C: Ise. A: Anyway, going back to the .. em... right. the computers and stuff . Underine the phrases the speakers use to * allow themselves more time to think (mark these ‘A’. “interrupt (mark these") ‘return to a topic (mark these'R?) With a partner, develop two short exchanges using language from the box. Fillers Interrupting © Where was? / Where © If can just make a point were we? here please What was I/ were we © Excuse me, but that isn't saying? uit right © Right, + Hang on, get your facts + OK. straight © Hmmm... it’s ot an easy |» Idon't think | agree with question to answer. you there + interesting question, © Hold on a second, © Wait aminute, Inviting a response + What's your feeling about | Returning to the topic this? © Asivias saying © Don't you think? Anyway, going back to © Don't you agree? © Anyway, what | was going ‘© How do you feel about to say was that? ‘© Toreturn to my earlier point. ‘Ay ..Solimsurethatit’justa matter of working hod. ‘you work hard you'l pass. Don’ you think? Hmmm... itsnotan easy question to answer. know of people who worked very hard and stil didn pass. 4d. Now do the same using phrases from the boxes below. ‘Strong agreement/disagreement ‘Agreement Disagreement © You'rea hundred | © What? You must be joking/ percent / absolutely kidding! right * You're not seriously suggesting © couldn't agree with | that... are you? you more, ‘© Fm sony, | think you've got the tm totally with you ‘wrong end of the stick! you're on this one. barking up the wrong tree. Excuse me, but what youre ‘saying amounts to nonsense Challenging someone to express their opinion © Youhave a better idea? ‘Let’ hear a suggestion from you, then. © Ok, then. Put something on the table. ‘© Why don’t you tell us what you have in mind, then? €. In groups, discuss the following issues. 1 Young people who don’t know much about computers wll have a hard time finding @ job. 2. Smoking should be banned in all pubic areas 3 Nobody should have to work more than 35 hours aweek 6162 2 Writing ‘Avoid the business option if you have no work experience — Cr unless you are absolutely sure of what you are writing ‘Questions in this part of the exam are designed for people with a knowiedge ofthe world of work * Vocabulary 19 a Put the words/phrases in the correct columns and add more of your own. * centrally located + board meeting + budget ‘morale * new branch * flextime * profit « loss + absenteeism * open-plan office Finances Premises Staff cashflow | prime building and | recruitment eeposit warehouse promotion investment renovate salary scale b. Now write sentences using these words and phrases. Since the intraduction of feitime, there hos been a substantia drop in ebsenteeism. * Suggesting Improvements a. Think about improvements that could be made in the place where you work. Use the following tohelp you. * Lighting/Heating/Air Conditioning + Noise + Worker Relations * Working Hours » Staff Facies * Office Space * Distribution of Work + Assessment of Work. Ergonomics * Smoking + Salary Scale * Promotion Opportunities, ‘+ Management Relations * Holidays b. Now make suggestions and say what the results, ‘would be. Use the phrases given. © If we (weve to) * The management should/could consider © By (egerund) + would lead tofesultivhelp provide © (staf would be able to * Only by/Oniy if © Unless * Linking Words & Phrases 21 Join the two halves to make sentences (there are several variations). Then use the underlined linking devices to write sentences of your own. [1D] We have managed to avoid the threatened redundancies (2) Ts product thats quran os (BT) cing dow te atid ranch (ALJ The company wll eed ofl cern sequerens Hehas exeled at hisjobinairsraton [61 | woud strongly recommend that we offer the | product at a reduced price | Relocating to London This would cause great unrest among the wrk s | can inte naman benefit fom teas | a sath arve. b_incider to qualify for goverment a ‘while at the same time increasing our annual turnover 4 aswallas showing great potential inthe fed of sales. e mean that we could capitalise on the British market even though the initial cost willbe high 9 cuite apart from the financial losses that would be incured, h_willead to greater overall efficency for the firm* Brainstorming Your Own Qualities 22. % With a partner, discuss how you would fil in the questionnaire below. Why do you think an employer would want to know this information? es & Company ployee Aptitude Questionnaire ‘node sto find ut more, 1 How mar Y Years’ working experience do. Ui nce do you have? peeve C35 yes yes ers yeas Fy 2 Canyou think ofa time wi ten you acted on your, Inia to successfully co aeronl plete 2 project? Give detais 3 Which of the folowing apply to you? oat Oty 9 Irdstious C1 sociable F] ateam player C] 4 Hos well do you cope with stress? 5 What do you consider to weaknesses? Beyour main suengts and ‘ Met do you see youre doing inten years’ time? 7 Wty dd you decide to apy to Jones & Company? b. Now write sentences about yourself using the following prompts. + Ihave been working + Onone occasion, + consider myself to be + As far as tressis concerned, | + Ibelieve that am + Inthe future, | hope to + 1feel that working for Jones and Company will sive me the opportunity to about you please ansier the folowing Discuss. yt 23 Read the two rubrics below and answer the ‘questions that follow. Then write one of the tasks in about 250 words. You have seen ajob advertised and you ae interested in © applying for it. Read the extract from the advertisement. below and write your letter of application — experience in ths type of work preferred ~ must have a proven track record ~ ony the right personaly will be considered forthe ob ~ generous package for the successful applicant ite and tll us why we should employ you © The manager of your department has asked you to writea report onthe problems that est where you weak ln your report, you should indude your suggestions for improving ‘working conditions and say what result you expect fram these changes 1. What do you have to write? 2. Who are the target readers? What style is appropriate? 3. What information wil you include in the main body? How will you organise it into paragraphslsections? Suggest suitable topic sentences. ‘ould you begin and end your piece of wating?Fit for Life a Language Focus 1 Match the equipment with the sports in which they are used, using a dictionary if necessary. Then, say ‘what each piece of equipment is used for. Some pieces of equipment are used in more than one sport. scuba diving ¢ paragliding e boxing 4g: golf sking od imbing—fricket wetsuit e 7 busy harness 8 dub gogges 9 stopwatch loves 10. bat thermal jacket 11 altimeter fippers 12 elmet Avwetsuitis used in scubo diving. covers most ofthe divers body ond keeps the dver warm under water Fill each gap with ONE word. 1 eas her fst tenis match after the inury and she played wel the cieurstances 2 Theatheteis under of cheating and has been suspended from all aces ntl his case is heard 3. Shera tremendous talent, but she's under 5 shel have to wait unt she's 16 to compete 4 Thelosing team complained thatthe game had not been played under conditions, asthe light was poor and the ground bumpy. 5 After the game, the defending champion hed hishand fora handshake with his opponent. 6 The advertisers have deeded to hold thei poste campaign inthe stadium forthe time being 7 After the game the round staff ested s. the balls and the net. i 8 Kick of was delayed as they Wate or thelbad weather tocear 9 The player couldnt hold... a ae his aig at the referee's unfair desion 10 The cOaCh sso presfeto get the c-team back to the top ofthe league Use the words given below and your own words to finish the sentences, + performance * match © play shot * league * conference 1. The team’s substandard performance left everyone feeling dsoppointed 2 David Beckham's powerful 3. The importance of far 4 The teams played a friendy 5 They wor'tbe allowed to join the national 6 Atthepress ‘Act out short dialogues based on the prompts. 1. A headaches - stress-related ccut down on caffeine — increases blood pressure backache — bad sitting position at work get ergonomic chair — helps mainain correct posture eye strain ~ monitor settings incorrect reduce brightness, get a screen fiter ~ protects eyes 4. A: shoulders stiff hurt my back while exercising warm up before exercise — helps prepare ‘muscles for exertion indigestion ~ too much rich food have sugar-free fizzy drink aids digestion ‘achy joints ~ fever ~ probably flu rest ~ drink plenty of fluids ~ will help to stop dehydration terible itch on arm - mosquito bite clean area with alcohol - apply anti-histamine ‘crear — reduces ination 8 A: can't sleep ~ anvietystress B: before bed: warm bath, milky drink — wil help you relax Breer 2 2> @>er o> 1A: keep getting these headaches. think they te stress related. B: You should try cuting down on caffeine. Caffeine ‘increases your blood pressure and it can cause headaches5 Match A, Band C to make collocations. Then use the collocations to say how the body responds to exercise. axcclerate. breathing fow increased body vessels X reveased heat temperature inceased bos depth ard rate | dlted blood rate When exercising, the body responds with on accelerated heart rate, ( G 2 Towhich headline is each word/phrase related? endless wating ists 7 botched operations 1 2 allpubic places 8 increased incidence of cancer 4 3. bood thinning properties 9) ‘tis in America and Japan 4 insensitive medica staff 10 passvelyinaled smoke 5 publc heath hazard 11 reduces cholesterol 6 lowersbood pressure 2 8 iser calls | © Onceaday pill cuts heart Nis health adviser ¢ COMPLAINTS soaR oe eel ing ban attacks by 80% b. Now say what each report might be about. Work in pairs. Find the odd word in each group, then say why it doesn’t belong in the group. Use a dictionary if necessary. J Underline the correct word. 8 1 I bent down to pick up my keys which had fallen under the table and as was getting up smacked / battered / Pale 1 paracetamol — fever — penicillin - cortisone bumped myhead 2. There's a bruise / spot / mark on her right arm where 7 eet sytup = graze the bal hither 9s crea 3. Mathew enjoyed the hike, but his boots rubbed his feet ~ eel 4. tablet — lozenge and he ended up with bubbles / scratches / blisters sa 4 The ikehood of catching a cod is eater when you are Pa -teienc] ted or general run in un down / un over —— 5 He spent 10 hours infront of the computer playing that intent ~ i 6 bed ret ~ game. When he got up his eyes were bloodshot / i bloody / bleeding. a = les 6 The lobster that she ate for lunch gave her 2 stomach Communication * Giving instructions/Describing procedures 21 @ Using the language in the box, give advice to a friend who has a fear of flying. Use the prompts below. * take deep breaths / relax * ‘read favourite book / watch in-fight movie / take your mind off fying + remember plot wants to get home too / won't take risks Firstly try taking deep breaths to help you relax. Beginning Fist. Fist. / st of al. nthe fist place *# Tostart/begin with, Continuing, Secondly. Thirdly, + After thisthat, Then, ../ Afterwards, ../ Next, Conduding © Finally. /Lasty * Last but not least, b. Work in pairs. Make your own list of prompts on’ cone of the following subjects. Exchange with another pair and give advice. How to study more efficiently How to overcome difficulties sleeping How to save money How to stay fit 22 @ Look at the following instructions. What are they for? ‘© EXTERNAL USE ONLY «fil vial with water up to ‘2 symbol © close vial and shake # wait § minutes, ‘* lean hands: apply lotion to affected area + allow lotion to soak in # dress affected area with ‘lean bandage # repeat aily until rash clears up —_—" Using the useful language below as well as that from Ex. 21, say how the procedure must be carried out. Instructions ‘+ Before you ... you must / have to *# You won't be able to... until you have = Youcantt unless you ‘+. and you must also ‘+ Remember that = Youmustn't forget to ‘+ Whatever you do, don't ‘© Make sure you + Ty (not) to Remember that this lotion is forexternaluse only... Do the same for the procedures below. * Nor SUITABLE FoR pLasnie pistes « | ‘emove remaining food from dishes ® load racks with ‘abes * pullout detegent drawer fil with detergent * close drawer and door # select programe wing Programme knob * when finished wait for green ¥aht before opening door (door will not open while Ted light on, donot fres) « CRUTION: CUT POWER SUPPLY BEFORE OPENING © remove screws © once all screws removed, remove covers @ locate memory card in port (ook for “+M+" mating) * secure memory card retaining clip # replace covers & screws, 7172 D writing Be totally sure of what you have to write ~ don't, for example, write a report as a letter. Pay careful attention to ‘the word limit. You wil be penalised if your shorter task i too long * Topic Interpretation 23. In pairs, look at the following and discuss: the writer; the reader; the language used; the reason for witing To all office staff For reasons of security, nonemployees are not alowed on the premises. Visitors willbe asked to gue their name at reception and staff members will be contacted on their extension, Personal wists are not permitted except in an emergency. <4. please say you'l come ~ I'm sure it be a great laugh and it won't be the same without you! Give ‘me a ing if you want me to give you. if there. be leaving at 5 on Weds b. Which of the above is taken from: a note/short letter; a notice/memo? What helped you decide? * Writing Shorter Tasks 24. In pairs, discuss the meanings of the following abbreviations. Then put them into the gaps in the sentences. eg. vifposs. » Ext. * NB. « Tues ‘info * ind. * ASAP * VAT 1 could you let me have all the by next atthe latest? 2 Please bring suitable footwear ( boots or waterproof shoes) 3 Total cost: £23.45 Need to have your answer 5 ‘The performance star's at 7 pr. No one will be allowed in after this tie. 6 You can reach me on 8012111 ( 435) 25 Put the following situations into an appropriate short piece of writing. Use abbreviations where necessary. You ae the secretary ofa fm ub and you want to advise members of the postponement of a screening which was to take place next week ‘nite a notice adsing members ofthe time and ate forthe re-scheduled showing ‘You are working on a project with a colleague. You reed to give hi some prices and ask him for some other details Write him a note * Beginnings and Endings 26 Match the beginnings (A-D) to the endings (1-4) and say who the writer and the recipient are. FELD Just a quick note to let you know that Ive anved safely Could you please forward the addresses of our clients in Germany [EL] Toall members ofthe Local History Group [DL Ive had to g0 totMargaret’s because she had no one tolook after the baby 1... Ournext scheduled meeting wil take place on Thus “th Sept. All welcome. 2... There's plenty of food in the fridge, Ring me if you need me, 3... Call me on ext. 243 if there's ary problem. Thanks again forall your help, /®Vet nd et sou 3 nn afte hos © health, part of which i printed below. You agree with your 8 tanta te ace ds ok ve 9 eed $ wort adhe ie ote 1 env exper ou vee Arg te tase rea ks se cones Madey yee te 2) a eter toe ety of te ep i published the article (about 175 words) 'b) a short reply to your friend, telling him or her what you te re a cr Discuss. #*, : 27 Read the two rubrics below and answer the ‘questions that follow. Then write one of the tasks, Aor B, paying careful attention to the word limit given. A @ You are a member of a sports and fitness lub. The © organising committee has asked you to write a proposal suggesting tee new activities forthe club to offer in the coming year Read the memo from the secretary and the list of suggested activities, together with the secretary’ notes. Then, using ths information, vite: words) they may have (about 50 words) Mere kyu vite the propel that we heed forthe committe? Ive induded the fot of suggestion (to which te added my comments). 1 leave the ina choice Up © You but remember that we need 3 aces that wl be popular with bth the members and the committee! Thanks (o let of members have coed for this ~ wo just need to hire on instetee) Diao [eny (should etext lt of people but @ Bi simile to cerebies pethops one or the other? ) > (popular with bids ~ not sure chou the commie, though yu'd hove to persuade them # you werted i) KICK BOXING i [tk be prtlon wih expense end SOUTER insecnce — cgi, # you tink you can ee tel al ealoran or) (relatively easy to set up ‘ond poptior with all oges) (we coud probobly doo BYTIMIN Ted col withthe local poo! theyre quiet on Mon & Tues a) a proposal forthe organising committee (about 200, 1b) 2 notice to members teling them your suggestions ‘and asking them to contact you with any comments Ofcourse we ae healthier rovadas ethodox medicine has seen to that. Suna rates are What abet much better after heart attacks and strokes; we preventing. [can buy ecient ver-the counter remedies for ttemin the most alments, including high blood pressure, and tere ae ary ways of dealing with st Fectrieet sal we ‘get too fat ~ don't worry, we cat soon find a doctor who wall perform an operation to remove it! tere! [aut this out of the newspaper because | thought you'd be interested. They seem to have missed the point altogether, don't you think? And the article doesn’t mention altemative medicine or healthy living at all Who do they think they are? 1 mean they are basically saying that we should all ive Unhealthy lives and wait for mesbcal scence to save usif we get! 1 What do you have to wnite? 2. Who are the target readers? What style is appropriate? 3. What information will you include in the main body? How will you organise it into paragraphslsections? ‘Suggest suitable topic sentences 4 Which information wil you use from the reading input? Suggest ways in wich you could paraphrase it. 5 How couid you begin and end your piece of writing? 7374 Live and 3p Aw ope them to complete the sentences that follow. Use two words in each gap. You might need Learn oi A celerated /remecial Se Tie D Language Focus eye eter) Drea) principle tem epi book cass method 41 Work in pairs. Find the odd word in each group, then say why it doesn’t belong in that group. Use a dictionary if necessary 1 Sheis a very and we expect Great things from her inthe future 1 Algebra —Geometry — History Trigonometry 2 will teach here for the next ‘storys the oddone out becouse allothes cre then Il move on toa new post tranchesfmathematis 3 The book describes the ofthe 2. ibrar— science lab — assignment — lecture countrys National Heath Service mes 4 To be sure of the facts im going to lock them up in 3. students’ lounge -short loan ~ check-out ~ a archive 5 Hs ae very controvesa in 4 tutorial ~ experiment lecture ~ seminar fact, some of the parents have complained to the 5. test eam — assessment — application headteacher about them 6 cram revise attend brush up 6 {had toleamn Italia very quickly for my job so took 7 skim ~ scan —leaf through ~ catch up ana 8 plagiarise— quote lift copy 9 acknowledgements ~ introduction ~ biblogapty— workshop . Use the remaining collocations in your own 10 degree — diploma — distinction certificate sentences. 2 Underline the correct word 4 fill the gaps with the most suitable word from the given sets, 1 Mathew is curently writing his dissertation / tract / 1 He apologised to his publisher about rot submit critique / discourse on education in ancient nara sli a 7 the ‘on time. eee : an ‘di the eur eae Beedle ee eaeenercomm eee a(n) apprentice / undergraduate / postgraduate a NE coicrs scholar student 3. It's cheaper to lve in the university halls of dwelling / abode / residence / habitation than to rent privately, 4 One of the lecturers / trainers / teachers / mentors. at her university is a well-known and highly respected writer 5. The person who looks after the building is our concierge / doorkeeper / housekeeper / janitor, ‘about the company and the postion on offer A wording —Bmanuscipt —€ transcipt 2. © All the decorative arts courses are taught by the sare. + He wll continue his role of football after rece an ageley ron the team rarer + Mss Sirs wal take up the post of Mr Coombs. 6 The parents ~ teachers alliance / association / ‘waite ot on the We of Sie. society / company is working hard to raise A tutor B tai governess enough money to build a new science lab 7 There was silence in the lecture foyer / stage / 3 + An unusual work by Handel has been discovered by 2 hallway / theatre when Professor Blackwood German muse announced her resignation ‘= David isan capenter 8 I'm not sure which modules I'l do. 'm going to = After leawng university Davd will work as a rake an appointment with the academic adviser / reporter specialist / consultant / authority A scholar —-B apprentice Caines4 + thetop for fiction in Britain isthe 3. Byand ‘most people are honest Blocker Pre 4 Some frit and vegetables contain pesticide residues + The pobce ae offering a oF $1000 that exceed the level permitted by for information leading to the recovery of the ol 5. At fist she wouldn't tell me what was happening but in painting the end I dragged it other «+ tne Ketese won the Nobel for 6 Edward tohis word and paid back the literature in 2002 money the next day A award Brewad prize 7 Why do you aiways that in every time we argue? 5 Complete the sentences using one word. 8 Ave yu teling me the whole truth or are you keeping something ? 1 Atistorc Mayen mural has been found 9 by the we're having a party on riaice Saturday, can you come? iach aie hilt they while others 10 Stories and songs are often passed on by werd of seem to fy by, 6 @ Look at an outline of the British educational system and fill the gaps with the words given. + post graduate course + dissertation # secondary school + ‘O' Levels + primary school technical college * retraining + foundation year + gradation "Now talk about the British educational system. ‘After play school or kindergarten children attend primary school. Now draw a similar outline of the educational system in your country and tell the class about it.> English in Use English in Use - Part 4 Q__Fillthe gaps with words formed from the words in Grammar capitals. There isan example. 7 Ineach of the following sentences, some words can be omitted. Cross them out. 1 Masato an Rb 9 0 Diet and - 2 fal heb a he Discipline about orchids 3. The lecturer who you were talking to about phys sa Jeochers cre forever rematkig on pst how poo: O° biologist. 0) rocequte tion drecly impacs on chars 4 Haven't you frished the book which I lent you thee Y) mee» There ore tW0 2) on epee weeks 2907 fe merng fhe id fos not bod «proper bxeckfos, they 5. Anyone who is caught bullying another student risks ce 3) and have litle desire to a: i being expeed ove tha ae gra bods od eee rs ery {6 That’ the most stimulating lecture that Fve been to this _ nde. Teachers moy, rot a ° a they ore at the frortie ond the 5) a ‘shave shown tat cen who do net have 7 The last time that went to the caflege canteen theyd be aie. Secs Pave town Bat EAU Ma run ou uum brecklost woud 5 Terme netaneretotasinovedoebleas ons es aa eens el when it comes to minor 18th century women poets brown bread wih cheese or peo buter or 0 sco of 9 The clogs bottp wi do eventing tha spose ea 10 These are the best marks that Ive ever had for school OpcES rec! 7 REASON ees 1 4‘ eee __ look at the photographs and, using relative clauses, say what each person is doing, Uke a computer, our minds process al the &) Ourbeliefs and 3) 10) We input ‘are built up by the thoughts and ‘we regulaly give ourselves So too with chien Children's minds are incredibly active, with thousands of thoughts each cay Allimations short, simple 11) that we repeat to utseves ether internally or out loud - can effectively direct those thoughts towards a particular purpose For example, i Yyour child is wortied about an. 12) test you could {each him to repeat to himself "Tm going to do really well" Thus, the mind shifts from the worry to 13) ‘Afftmations aso affect actions. As a result of the postive 14) his mind is feeding him, he may even study and extra half an hour before going to bed. Most importrt. hell start thinking about ‘doing welt, and expecting the best from his 15) 8 INFORM 11. STATE 14 STIMULATE 9 EXPECT 12. COME 15. PERFORM Inthe firstpicture, the man sitting down is working on a J SUSGGEST_13_CONFDENT laptop. 76English in Use -Part 3 Unnecessary Words 40 In most of the lines in the following text there isan unnecessary word. For questions 1-16, find the unnecessary words and write them on the lines provided. If you think a line contains no unnecessary words, put a tick (V) next tot There are two examples ©. ) Active Acknowledgement Every one parent soon learns that hildren has dl we very ‘big ears’ ‘They like to listen in on adult conversations, and ther ears .perk up when at the very mention of their ow it own name. We can take _ Shameless advantage of this tendency, which if we think our child 1s listening, by giving them something worth listening to. Your convertion, acknowledge your chi, merteen his accomplishments at all music, spelling or skiing, including how proud of him you are. You can be fest assured the message is Jeno absorbed, and that his confidence is too being bolstered. his strategy is particularly useful if your child has difficulty accepting compliments directly. Even the most difficult, of child has special qualities that worth acknowledging. Be doubly sure you search for them out and acknowledge them. A word of ps though: be subtle, be truthful and often don't overdo it. ively acknowledging needs to be sincere. Children can sense | when you're being all dishonest. The more the your children hear and see their positive Qualities are being recognised, the more ‘the tPotivated and empowered they eventually become.” wervaneunBol v 1 English in Use- Part 5 41 For questions 1 - 13, read the notes made by the secretary for a Parent — Teachers Association (PTA) meeting. Using the information in the note, complete the numbered gaps in the formal address to be given at the meeting. Use no more than two words in each gap. The words you need do not appear in the note. There is an example (0). Notes for PTA ‘meeting Tues 30th April ‘hello to neweomers (Dione and David Healy), and thanks for coming along + explain swimming pool closed till warmer weather ~ fuel bills too high ‘stalls already taken, local shops happy to ‘put up posters, everyone has posters and at Teast one book of rofle tickets ~ prizes for raffle will come from stllholders charge £30 per ticket AOB mete: bh) thank her for ‘ll her hard work © Audrey will publish her report from AGM in PTA newsletter to try to get more parents to joins mentioned ‘afternoon meetings ‘month @ - discuss next PTA Meeting The Associotion would like to 0} welcome new members Dione ond David Healy, ond thark the for nnn —onaTadays meeting where i wos decided thot, 2) . a the high cost of 3) Tuesday 30th April soe the swimaring pool, it ‘oud remoin closed weil the summer term. Forthcoming Events nth May @ Craft For will 4) in the viloge Fall cokers , theie places. Local Forty-four slolholders have oreody 5) retailers cre puting up posters to 6) members have tcken @ 7) ¥ Each stllholder will 8) The Summer Ball will be 9) the evert, and all ‘fone book of rflle tickets the prizes for the rofl The Cleremort this yecr, on ine Th, but os they con ely 10) © moximem Of ily people, tickets will cost £30 each Ary Other Business We would like 10 express ou 11) to Syhio Carter for her dedication 10 the Association, ond we wish her well in her new to encooge mere pres 10 jh, the F's Rerual Gener PTA Newsletter will carry ou report on last month's: Annual Meeting. Fnaly, a 13) thot dlternoon meetings might be more converient for some porents will be discussed ot the next meeting post. In on 12) . 77D Reading 12. Youwill read an article about art galleries and museums. Before you read, discuss the following. 11 How often do you vist art galleries / museums? What ddo you think of them? 2. Look atthe tite ofthe article. What do you think its content willbe? How do you learn? Are you the analyst who trades in facts and logic? Ate you the imaginative leamer who looks for personal meaning and likes to shore ideas? Or ore you one of the mony who needs to get the ful hands-on experience? i This hes not always been the case. Not so long ogo. museums were bastions of _middle-closs_intellectuol snobbery; artefacts were in gloss boxes. ‘accompanied by short, dry. typewttten descriptions that ‘were almost guaranteed to leave no one but the already informed any the wiser R These days, though, museums Toke accessbiity ond inclusiveness for more seriously. In part, this is because their funding agreements with the Department of Culture, Media ond Sport depend on them doing s0. But it is a0, becouse of c cultural shift on the part of both the curators ‘ond schools, B Toke the Victoria ond Abert Museum in London, for exomple, Opened in 1852 it wot one of the fest museums tohave been founded with on ect.caticnal purpose inmng, However, when the VBA® Bish Galeries reopen on November 72. otter o three-yeor closure ox SST the cuctors hope the museum wil be taking is educational oie to anew level 78 Art Galleries Wake ‘Up to Students’ Needs Behind the scenes at Britain's museums a shake-up is underway 10 create a more lively learning experience for students. 3 The folowing phrases appear in the article. In what context do you think they will appear? ‘hands-on experience # acessbilty and inclusiveness * educational ole » cultural shift ‘art historians « coat of arms b. Now read the article. For questions 1-6, choose which of the paragraphs (A-G) fit into the numbered gaps in the following magazine article. ‘There is one paragraph you will not need. a Wik explains that this is no longer the way things work “in the plonning of the new British Golleies, the education ‘team was brought in from day one. We wanted to be cleor ‘about what the galleries were trying to say about the history of ort ond design and to ensure we catered for our different target cudiences. We have gone out of our way to arange exhibits in o variety of different ways, so that the gaiieres can be understood and enjoyed by everyone from schoo! children to OAPs” 5 Asin days of old, the exhibrls stil vary from the very grand, such as the Great Bed of Wore, to the everyday, such as a Victorion mousetrap. But now. at different tmes and places in the galery, you are invited to touch certain objects, try Con clothes, buld chats, design a coat of arms. watch videos (and indulge in a host of other activities. é a een ae projects on the Victorians or Pare test tum out to be a odtena. And teochers. too, wil xeathe o sch oh taker ret resource pocia, whicn Fe Sta getting the most out ofa ae‘Among these many alternatives, the favourite for most school kids is almost sure to be the two rooms of computer terminals where they can access as much information as they could want on any of the 3,000 exhibits. They then have the choice of either emailing them on to themselves at school or home, This is only part of its educational programme. It also runs ‘out-of-hours schemes for primary and secondary schools in the Southwark educational action zone, as well as workshops for FAIRE] students as part of Excellence in Cities. The chief curator admits that this new approach is really nothing more than common sense. However, as he shows ‘me round, itis immediately obvious ~ despite the gallery stil ]ooking more like a building site than a visitor attraction just how REM the changes really are Whatever the case may be for you personally, these questions concerning the ways people best learn are becoming increasingly more important to museums and galleries. Especially as they try to find new ways of engaging with their visitors and of attracting as wide an audience as possible. ‘The national curriculum now places much greater emphasis (on the use of primary sources in teaching, and, instead of arranging one museum visit every five years or so, most schools will organise at least one outside visit per class per term. In turn, museums and galleries are busting a gut to establish themselves as first-rate educational facilities that ‘complement and add to classroom activities. Art galleries were, if anything, worse; driven by the belief that art should be allowed to speak for itself, many exhibits had nothing beyond the title and the name of the artist by way of explanation. All things considered, it was hard to avoid the impression that Britain's publicly owned collections were being curated by one bunch of art historians for the benefit of another. “The way galleries used to work,” says Christopher Wilk, chief curator of the British Galleries, “is that a curator, who knew the objects, would choose the most interesting to put, on show and a designer would be brought in to arrange how they should be displayed. It was only at the end of the process, almost as an afterthought, that the education department would be asked to help with the interpretation of the objects.” * Text Analysis 13 @ Underline the parts of the text which helped you do the exercise, then compare with a partner. 'b, Based on the information in the text, make alist of the new features on offer in various museums / galleries. Do you have any ideas of your own? Discuss in ‘groups. * Vocabulary Practice 14 @ Explain the underlined phrases in the text. b. Match the highlighted words in the text with their synonyms below. ‘precise + enclosed * talented * renovation + revolutionary Look at this extract from the article. What does the underlined part mean? ‘the education team was bought from day one’ Now mark the following phrases (5) if they mean the same thing as from day ‘one, or (O)if they have a different ‘meaning. Explain the phrases you mark 0). 1. Samantha had known allalong. 2 want to get some things straight Fight from the stat. 3. It’sbeen like this since time immemorial 4 The key to get the right taining from the werd go. 5 We can't evaluate her yet it's vey carly days. 6 used to have to get up at the rack of dawn. * Discussion 15. & What are art galleries/museums like in your country? Are they elitist or ‘accessible? What would you change about them? b. Whats the importance of museums and galleries? Consider = culturatnationalidenty * tourism «+ the image of acityicountry 72)>) Listening & Speaking 16 2 Youwill hear part of a radio interview about truancy. Before you listen, discuss the following. 1. Have you ever played truant? Why did you do i? ‘What was your teacher's reaction? 2_ What can be done to combat truancy? 3 Lock at ex. 16. What kind of information i missing from each gap? (B} Now listen to the recording, For questions 1-9, implete the sentences with a word or short phrase. You will hear the recording twice. The presenter suggests that the results of Glen's survey are [t ‘The majority of students questioned that they had played truant. Truancy is not related to a student's gender, ethnic background or [3 Glen's conclusion is that the [4 's responsible for encouraging truancy. Students are more likely to avoid lessons that do not require their [5 oF Modern students are more [6 than those of the past. Decision-making is a useful [7 Students would be more [& to g0 to school if they were consulted about their lessons. Truancy can show which teachers and teaching methods are [> Do you agree that students should have a say in what is taught at school? 80 Speaking - Part 2: Describe, Speculate, Eliminate SD Learning 177 Work in pairs. You will both look at the same sets, of pictures, but in a different order. You will look at some pictures showing children learning various subjects. Student A, look at picture set 1A on page 121; Student B, look at picture set 1B on page 122. Do not look at each other's wae Gui a. Describe two of the pictures, saying what the children are doing, and what subject they are being taught. cD b. Say which two pictures were not described. D soxial issues You will look at some scenes from university life. Student B, look at picture set 2A on page 121; Student A, look at picture set 2B on page 122. Do not look at each others pictures. Gueei> Describe two of the pictures, saying what is happening and what you think might happen next. cp 4d. Say which two pictures were not described 18 (_)listen to two candidates doing the speaking tasks 8ove and compare their performance to that of your classmates. Assess your classmates in terms of ‘= grammar and vocabulary * discourse management. * pronundation + interactive communicationD communication * Asking for / giving information 419 @ Work in pairs. Look at the useful language box and make exchanges. es me |s mney fe semen bat Ms never heanlotiieery information about student Stating pape + Hhoerttesitestoneties | as Idontuppese you manager’ office is, do you? about © As faras | know/remember pases eae * Yousdon't happen to know .., do you? + Have you any idea? ‘Making a suggestion * Doyou have any idea ..? +The person to asks * Couldyoutel me. + Hove a word with © Goandsee ‘+ Maybe you shoud talk to . Work in pairs. Look at the floor plan of a bookshop. Make questions using the prompts, and use the information in the floor plan to answer them. Use language from Ex. 19a. Clarkson's Books for All 1 Plato's The Repubhc? ‘Say obather you you do hopen to ow PESIGE RICE Fechnical manuals; cooking: were coudfind Plato’ Te Repub, do you? family medicine; gardening [Have a ook in the ierture and philosophy © Cafeteria section on the second floce 2. ttalan newspapers? 3 Thelatest Tom Clancy novel? 44 Books on Mars? ‘5. Books about holidaying in Turkey? {6 The Bish Medal Jour? 7. Shakespeare's Macbeth? 8 Amapof Edinburgh? George Orwells 1984 on CD? 410 Abook on chidhood iinesses? 11 Something to eat? 42. A book with information about poles 1 Aca? «© Academic journals; magazines QEIENE Te Reet © international press © Academic textbooks: literature and philosophy; history: Pelitics; business and marketing PSSreeorko ne exit en ince dicen CERT areas ae Panesar © Information and check-out * Contemporary fiction; travel books '* CD-ROMs; Videos and DVDs; audio books © Encyclopaedias; Maps; Dictionaries; Reference books 81writing * Vocabulary 22 @ Inthe sentences below, say what could be being described (there are sometimes several You don't need to write a perfect piece of English to sore possibilities). Then cross out the wrong word in highly, ergansation, layout and the inclusion of all the bold and suggest how it could be used propery. relevant points are the basis for a succesful piece of wating 1 Tum the cap uni you hear loud dick / Sound / snap break ' ae 2 Press /Lever/ Push / Depress the button totum it on * Brainstorming & Discussion 3. Slowly turn the knob / switch / plug unti the gauge / arrow / needle f indicator points to 2er0 Pour / Insert / Hold / Put the powder inthe soap drawer Point / Push I Aim / Direct it towards the TV set and 20 2 pairs, discuss the following questions: q 1 What sort of leafits have you read recent? (eg om ress the onfoff button shops fom pul ofces) 6 You wil hear @ bel / buzzer / beep / fash when it 2 What was their purpose? (eg. to advertise, to inform) switches off 3) Apart from colour and illustrations, what makes a leaflet 7 To fasten / set / adjust / alter the time, simply pull out wsualy appealing? and rotate undp / wind / turn the small wee! on the side 4 What would make you take a leaflet home with you, rather than throw it away? 8 Youjust tighten / grip / hold / steady the handlebars as you start to push down on the pedals with your fet. b. Now discuss which language features you fe ‘would use in the following leaflets. Decide on the section headings and write the topic sentences for the main body. In pairs, take turns describing some of the following (you may need some of the prompts given, as well as the vocabulary from above) fal 1 How to windsutskateide 2 scooter Gal, balance, push off, tea. lean, gi, titer, bend, stretch) pear LINGUAGE ScHoq, Special English Courses 2. How to drive a car. (tur, press, release, move, put) ee acy for Leamers of English for 3 How to download a file. (access, cick, look up, browse, © Business Purposes save, open) ‘to team Englsht 5 4 How to take 2 photograph (ain, compose, fous, agust, dick, press) * Listing Points/Time Phrases 21 @ Read the passage below and, with a partner, decide on the most suitable words/phrases in bold, giving reasons. ‘Manual Recording 1) First of all/Fist_ and foremost, make sure you have @ clean blank dsc in the lef-hand drawer of the machine. 2) Then /after, inser the disc you want to copy from in the righthand drawer Press the Record button. 3) Afterwards,MNext, play the loudest part of the disc and, 4) at the same time,/together, adjust the recording level so that the indicator does not stay in the red. 5) When you have done that/The sooner you do that, press the Pause button so that the dsc starts to record. 6) At last/Finally, When recording is completed, press Pause or Stop. f no more recordings are to be made on the dsc, press Finalize b. What is being described? Where would you expect to find this passage? What other headings would you expect to find? 82* Giving Directions 23 in pairs, use the information below to take turns telling each other how you get to your English lessons (either on foot or by bike/car) When eave my house, | goleft along Pine Street for about five minutes, then turn right atthe fis junction After that, ‘ye the econ iit on winteron Street ae Discuss: ,y 24 Read the two rubrics below and answer the questions that follow. Then write one of the tasks in about 250 words. A @ Thecolege where you study is going to have avsit from a party of foreign students, none of whom speak your language. The authoties have asked the English Deparment to produce a series of information sheets, 0 be placedin diferent deparments. Read the notice below and choose one of the information sheets to write WANTED - STUDENTS TO PREPARE INFORMATION | ‘SHEETS IN ENGLISH ‘As most of you will know, the preparations for ‘our visitors are in their final stages. However, we still need to produce a number of information sheets. Would any students willing o help inthis ‘matter please contact Mr Forrester. The sheets we need are: ‘Instructions for how to use the TV and Video facilities ‘© Instructions for using the computer room © Directions for how 10 get from halls of residence to key places on campus (such as the Library, common room, ete) © Directions from the college t0 key places in town (eg. the post office, supermarkets, bus station, etc) The language school where you study is planning to produce a leaflet in English advertising its couses and facies to potential students. The owner has asked you to \wite the text for the leafet, induding the folowing points + Levels and Ages catered for + Auio-isual equpmentiComputers “Classrooms and Faities Wit the text for the eae. What do you have to write? 2. Who are the target readers? What styl is appropriate? 3. What information wil you include in the main body? How will you organise it into paragraphssections? ‘Suggest suitable topic sentences, 4 How could you begin and end your piece of writing?D Language Focus 1 awl The Image Business In each box, match A to B to make collocations. A 8 scathing directions poetic b cast star-studded © licence stage review A 8 theatre a art ‘convincing b impact abstract «studies visual performance b. Now use the collocations to fill the gaps in the following sentences (use two words in each gap). 1 Greeny Michael Douglas gives a very asthe demented, homicidal businessman The of ‘Ocean's Eleven included Frank Sinatra, Sammy Davis Jk and Dean Martin According to the . the characters have to remain silent on the stage for at least three minutes, Ina . John Addison called Vera ‘Wilson's new book, "364 pages of utter drivel”. He wanted the cover of the book to delve a strong so he chose bright, vibrant colours Mary universities offer courses in but not every successful actor has to have a degree. | was never keen on + when | look ata painting | want to know what it depicts. Although the film is based on a true story, it is clear ‘that the director used quite a bt of ‘to make it more appealing to European audences, 2 Fillthe gaps with the words given. song (2) + rhyme * plot » stage (2) * act (2) 1. The director told Palmer to get his together and start working harder, or he would lose his part inthe fim, 84 2. The company, which was once a giant amongst film studios, was inthe end sold fr an) 3. Her films were great in the ‘80s, but she seers to have completely lost the nowadays 4 He donates much of his money to chat - but he never makes a(n) ‘and dance about it 5 There is no (or reason tothe way bis mood changes - he's so unpredictable. 6 Its time to question the writers that have held the for so long, and look for younger talented novelists 7 Thenew theatre manager has a hard +0 follow, his predecessor having increased ticket sales by {60% in five years, 8 The innovative sound of jazz set the forthe development of modern popular music. Choose A, B, C or D to fil each gap. 1. The future looks ticket sales improve, for the Swan Theatre unless A chilly C exposed B bleak D_ inhospitable 2. Kateand Leopold a(n)... romantic comedy. A amiable B vl charming D_ friendly 3. Theplay was fll of... onelines, ‘A comy B musty C witheed D fusty 4 The script was intligent but the... special eects ‘pai our overall enjoyment ofthe fim A toed C estabished B dated D- antique 5 This new video game has 2 stonfine and a larger-than-life action hero. A. ating © oesping B grabbing D- growing 6 The dialogue is good the fim andit includes) ‘exchange ofife stories that had everyone in stiches. ‘A filarous 8 unruly C blustery D rough 7. was impressed by the authors perception and by the remarks in the book A inside indiscreet B insensite D insightful 8 Alter the minute’ silence in the cathedral there came a second... moment fo efecto. A. upsetting © piteous B_ poignant D pathetic 9 The subject matter wes presented in such 2 hea: handed and manner that we walked out half vay through the performance A. pretentious © preemptive B precautious D_ predusive 10 The ending was appropriate... with Alan getting

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