Osmosis Lab Report 12/02/15

Introduction
According from what we learn in class, we learn about how water
osmosis inside and outside the cell. There are three kinds of osmosis
hypotonic, isotonic, and hypertonic. Hypotonic is a state when water
osmosis into the cell and make the cell swell due to the higher
concentretion inside. Isotonic is a state when concentration inside and
outside of the cell is in equillibrium. Last, hypertonic is a state when water
osmosis out of the cell due to the higher concentration outside the cell.

Purpose
The purpose of this project for making more understand about osmosis so
we use the potatoes to make us see the process clearer.

Hypothesis
Water: If we put the potato into the water, the water will osmosis to potato
so potato will bigger.
Salt solution: If we put the potato in the alt solution. Potato will shrink
because water osmosis out the potato.

Material List
-2 Potatos
-Beakers
-Salt water
-Distilled water
-Tongs
-Weight measurement
-Ruler
-Pen
-Marker
-Calculator
-Lab coat

Procedure
This will be a 2 day lab!
Day 1:
1. Collect materials for your group
2. Use your ruler to find the height, length, and width of each gummy bear
3. Calculate the volume of your potato (LxWxH)
4. Use the electronic balance to find the mass of your potato. Remember to
lay down a piece of weighing paper and set to zero.
5. Record descriptive observations in your notebook about the potatos prior
to the experiment.
6. Fill your beaker half way with distilled water. Put one of your gummy
bears into the beaker. Set the beaker aside for one day.
7. Fill your 2nd beaker with concentrated salt solution half way. Put your
2nd potatos into that beaker. Set beaker aside for one day.
Day 2:
1. Collect groups beakers with gummy bears.
2. Carefully remove the gummy bears from the beakers.
3. Repeat steps 2-5 from Day 1
4. Calculate the percent change in the size of each gummy bear.
-Percent change in height (Height after- Height before/ Height before
x 100% = ?)
-Percent change in width
-Percent change in length Percent change in volume
-Percent change in mass

Data Tables

Potato 1

Potato 2

Before After Before After

Mass
in (g)

2.1 g

3.54 g

3.08 g

2.72 g

Potato 1

Potato 2

Descriptive observation before

soaking in distilled water:
-Rectangular prism yellow
potato (hard touch)

Descriptive observation before

soaking in distilled water:
-Look like rectangular has 1
curve side potato. (hard touch)

Descriptive observation after

soaking in distilled water:
-Still rectangular prism but it
has a smooth yellow (hard
touch)

Descriptive observation after

soaking in distilled water:
-Look smaller and darker, soft
touch and look like rod potato.

Potato

Potato
1

Potato
2

% change in
height

5.89%

-6.06%

% change in
width

30%

-11.11%

% change in

20%

-8.3%

length
% change in
volume

65.18%

-23.46%

% change in
mass

31.11%

-11.69%

Potato Potato 1

Potato 2

Dimension

Initial:
Before
soaking

Final:
Initial:
After
Before
Before
soaking
soaking in
distilled
water

Final:
After
soaking
in salt
water

Length (cm)

1.7 cm

1.8 cm

1.65 cm

1.55 cm

Width (cm)

1 cm

1.3 cm

0.9 cm

0.8 cm

Height (cm)

1 cm

1.2 cm

1.2 cm

1.1 cm

Volume (cm) 1.7 cm^3

2.08 cm^3 1.782

cm^3

1.364
cm^3

Bar graph of Results

Analyzing Results
? 1. What happened to the potato after being soaked in distilled
water over night? Why? Be descriptive and detailed in your answer.
Use your knowledge of membrane transport.
? Ans : The potato after being soaked in distilledwater is bigger
than the original one because of osmosis of water(hypotonic) but it
still has a rectangular shape.The color looks like a smooth yellow and
also still hard touch.
?
? 2. What happened to the potato after being soaked in salt
water over night? Why? Be descriptive and detailed in your answer.
Use your knowledge of membrane transport.
? Ans : The potato after being soaked in salt water is smaller than
the original one because of osmosis of water(hypertonic) but it still
has the same shape. The color is darker and also has soft touch.
?
? 3. Define the terms diffusion, passive transport, active
transport, and osmosis. In each of your definitions, describe the role
of a concentration gradient.
? Ans : Passive Transport is when it moves from high to low
concentration. Diffusion is the way that travel down the
concentreation gradient by not using any helper. But, osmosis is a
movement of water across the membrane. In contrast, active
transport is when it moves from low to high concentration.
? 4. Biological membranes are said to be selectively permeable
(or semi- permeable). What does this term mean, and how does this
affect the way that molecules are able to move through cellular
membranes?
? Ans : Selectively permeable is to allow some substances to
move through the membrane by diffusion. It need to select the
specific molecule to move in and out by forming a vesicle with tiny
protein.

?
? 5. Which type of molecule is more likely to quickly pass
through a cellular membrane via simple diffusion, polar or nonpolar?
Why?
Ans : Small nonpolar molecule is more quickly passing through the
membrane because their shape is small and easily to pass than the big
one.

Conclusion
According to what we learn in the class about passive transport and
osmosis of water. We can describe what we see the results of laboratory.
We cut two pieces of potato and put into the distilled water and salt
solution. We have predict the result in the hypothesis that potato in the
distilled water get bigger, but potato in the salt solution get smaller. The
result is conform to the hypothesis. According to the bar graph, we can see
how different of mass and volume between two potatoes. Distilled water
potato have increased both mass and volume highly. On the other hand,
salt solution potato decreased a little amount of both mass and volume.
The reason why distilled water gets bigger because the water osmosis into
the potato, due to inside the potato have higher concentration than outside.
The water osmosis in, and make potato gets bigger. However, salt solution
potato gets smaller because the salt solution have higher concentration
than inside the potato, so it osmosis out and make the potato gets smaller
or shrink.

Group Member 1001

1.Pattraporn Kheerinpharadon
2.Kavitasra Panichumnuaysuk
3.Suthita
Swatesuthisan
4.Supachip Thongrong

(BB)
(Mew)
(Palmy)
(Boom)

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