Linear Viscoelasticity

Elastic Response

Viscous Response

Maxwell Model

Creep

Stress Relaxation due to Maxwell

Voigt Model

Creep due to Voigt

Relaxation

Combination of Maxwell and Voigt

Burgers Model

Generalized Models

Continues Distribution: Maxwell

Continues Distribution: Voigt

Superposition Principle

Dynamic Response
Input:

Output:
Viscoelastic
body

For a dashpot:

Stress:

Moduli:

Complex Representation:

Time Scales

TTT
(if it would be right.)

It is because

Master curve for Polymers

Composition of Relaxations: phase

shift

Comparison of E(T) and E(t)

General Constitutive Law

t

1
( K (t ) ( )d )
E
0

E ( I K *)

We can re-write this in the form:

t

E ( (t ) ( )d )

E ( I *)

If we define

E E (1 *)

It might be shown that

than we generalize the Elastic law:

1 1
1
(1 K *)
E 1 * E

and, for example:

2(1 )

Laplace Transform

Properties of Laplace Transform

Linear Viscoelasticity
xx xy xz

Fx 0
x
y
z
xy yy yz

Fy 0
x
y
z
xz yz zz

Fz 0
x
y
z

(no time, so far)

1 ui u j
ij (

)
2 x j xi

ij ij 2 ij

(1 *); (1 *)

Laplace
t

( (t )( )d ;
0

( ) (1 ) ;

Laplace transform of
this function leads to
Similarly for

Finally:

ij , j F j 0

1 ui u j
ij (

)
2 x j xi

ij (1 ) ij 2 (1 ) ij

Examples of Operators
c
K (t )
t
c
K (t )
t 0

K (t )

c
; 0 1

Boltzmann kernel

Boltzmann without singularity

1
t 0

c ln
0
E
No infinite rate of deformation

c 1
1

t
E 1

Homework
Pick a Linear viscoelastic moduli
Solve the Lame problem