BTEC 2012

Unit 1 The Online World

Name: .

Lesson 6 The Internet

(Student Book B Pg 1 - 3)

Starter When did the Internet first begin?

The internet began in 1969
1. Match the following key terms to the correct abbreviations and descriptions.
Term
Point of Presence

Abbreviation
NAP

Description
The protocol which takes data from a users
application program and passes it to the IP
for transfer across the internet. The reverse
operation is performed at the destination
computer, i.e. the TCP reassembles the data
(from individual packets) and forwards them
to the users application program. The close
relation with the IP means that the terms are
usually used in combination, i.e. TCP/IP.

Network Access
Point

TCP

A standard protocol which allows files to be

transferred between two computers on a
TCP-based network. It is commonly used to
download programs to your computer from
other servers and to upload web pages that
you have created to the server that is hosting
them on the internet.

Internet Protocol

ISP

An access point to the internet. Normally, it is

a location which contains all of the hardware
which allows internet users access to the
internet. An Internet Service Provider (ISP)
may operate several PoPs in their area to
allow good access to the internet.

Transmission
Control Protocol

FTP

An interchange between
networks within the
internet. It allows ISPs to interconnect with
each
other

File Transfer
Protocol

IP

Direct connection to the internet would be

very costly and so ISPs provide a costeffective gateway for people and
organisations to get onto the internet. In the
UK there are many ISPs, with some of the
most popular ones being BT (British
Telecom), Virgin Media and Sky.

Internet Service
Provider

POP

The protocol used to route packets of

information across the internet

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BTEC 2012
Unit 1 The Online World

Name: .
Internet Service Provider

An Internet Service Provider (ISP) is a company which provides access to the internet for individuals or
other companies (e.g. BT).
An ISP will have many servers to do different things depending on the size of the company and amount
of customers, e.g. one for outgoing email, one for incoming email, and may well have several for general
net traffic, users details, search engines, user web pages, etc.

Client

Internet provider

Website
s

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BTEC 2012
Unit 1 The Online World

Name: .

2. Read Internet Infrastructure on Pg 2 careful and write the descriptions next to the correct piece of
hardware.

Server
The server is computer that the website is being ran on and it
has all the information about the website

Back bone is the main connection

between routers

A piece of hardware that connects two or

more networks.
The ISP is sent into the network and the
router then directs the data packets to the
correct
Destinations. The router also handles data
travelling in the other direction. Routers can
be
Described as directors of traffic for the
networks

Client is a computer uses the

services provided from the
website

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BTEC 2012
Unit 1 The Online World

Name: .

3. Name three methods for connection to the Internet:

a: wireless
b:Broadband.
c: Dial-up
4. What are the advantages and disadvantages of answer a above?
You dont need cables

Advantages

Disadvantages
Affected by surroundings

Ideal for non-reachable places

Lower speed compared to the wired one

Ideal for temporary network setups

Less secure

5. What are the advantages and disadvantages of answer b above?

Advantages
Its 100 times faster than Dial-up
Unlimited duration

Disadvantages
High monthly fee compared to dialup internet
access
Higher security risk than Dial-up

Its convenient because the internet connection

It may not be available in rural or remote areas
is always on
6. What are the advantages and disadvantages of answer c above?

Low cost

Advantages

Disadvantages
Its slow/lags behind in speed compared to
Broadband

Its safer

Unstable connection

Its available almost everywhere

It requires permanent phone line

Plenary What is meant by bandwidth and transmission rate?

Bandwidth is a measure of the available capacity of a network (to carry data) measured
in bits per second.
The transmission rate is a measure of the number of pieces of information that have
been transferred during a specific time period, usually also measured in bits per second.
A high bandwidth means more information can be carried in a given time, so a higher
transmission rate is achieved. Insufficient bandwidth can result in websites and servers
Appearing to run very slowly.
Network

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BTEC 2012
Unit 1 The Online World

Name: .

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