IDSL 805

State Project California

Presented by:
Vikki Gordon
Rick Smith
Romona Williams
Veronica Wilkerson-Johnson

Education in California
Organizational Structure

K-12 Education
Governed by the State Board of Education (SBE) under the California Department of
Education (CDE) http://www.cde.ca.gov/be/

Public Postsecondary Education 3 Tiers:

The University of California (UC) 10 campus system
Governed by its 26-member Board of Regents

http://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/regents/welcome.html

The California State University (CSU) 23 campus system

Governed by its 25-member Board of Trustees
http://www.calstate.edu/BOT/

California Community Colleges (CCC) 72 district / 112 campus system

Governed by its 17-member Board of Governors & Chancellor
http://extranet.cccco.edu/SystemOperations/BoardofGovernors.aspx

Independent Colleges & Universities

Association of Independent California Colleges and Universities (AICCU)
Governed by independent bodies

http://www.cpec.ca.gov/CollegeGuide/IndependentSystemInformation.asp

California Community Colleges

Authority of State

Curriculum

Pursuant to Barclays Official California Code of Regulations, Title 5, Division 6, Chapter 6, Subchapter 2, Article 1
http://westlaw.com

Course Approval
The governing board of each community college district holds the authority to approve individual
degree-applicable credit courses when they are offered as part of an educational program
already approved by the Chancellor
For the term beginning Fall 2007 through 12/31/2012, the governing board of each community
college district holds the authority to approve and offer nondegree-applicable credit courses and
degree-applicable credit courses which are not part of an approved educational program without
separate approval by the Chancellor, provided they do so in accordance with basic guidelines

Beginning 01/03/2013, the governing board of each community college district must separately submit for
approval by the Chancellor nondegree-applicable credit courses and degree-applicable credit courses which are
not part of an approved educational program

Program Approval
The governing board of each community college district must obtain approval of all educational
programs from the Chancellor before any part of those educational programs can be offered
The Chancellor reserves the right to terminate the approval of any educational program if it no
longer meets the criteria under which it was approved

California Community Colleges

Authority of State

District/Geographic Boundaries
The 72 California community college districts maintain political boundaries that
are legally defined
In the event that a community college district is seeking to alter district
boundaries, the governing board within the district works directly with the local
government to make that happen
(Anonymous representative of CCC Chancellors Office, personal communication, June 25, 2012)

Perkins

Administration

California Community College Chancellors Office approves and administers

Perkins Grants
(D. Jones, CCC Chancellors Office, personal communication, June 25, 2012).

Setting Tuition
Termed credit fees, these are set by the budget committee within the state
legislature each community college is priced identically
(Anonymous representative of CCC Chancellors Office, personal communication, June 25, 2012)

California Community Colleges

Authority of State

Faculty Negotiations
While there are agencies at both the state and national level that advocate for
community college faculty in California, faculty negotiate directly with the
governing board for their individual community college districts
(R. Milburn, Faculty Association of California Community Colleges [FACCC], personal communication, June 25, 2012)

Transfer
Priority is given to CCC students transferring to CSU and UC systems
State does hold some authority over transfer requirements for California residents transferring
from CCC to CSU factors such as GPA, number of credits completed, major, and academic
standing at CCC are considered
Pursuant to Barclays Official California Code of Regulations, Title 5, Division 5, Chapter 1, Subchapter 3, Article 5
http://westlaw.com

The Student Transfer Achievement Reform Act allows CCC and CSU to collaborate on associate
degree transfer programs
Upon completion of associate degree students are eligible for transfer with junior standing into CSU
Students given guaranteed admission into CSU and priority consideration when applying to programs similar to
CCC major
Law prohibits CSU from requiring students to repeat courses similar to CCC courses within transfer degree
http://www.sb1440.org/

California Community Colleges

Funding

How are California Community Colleges funded?

CCC receives approximately 75% of funds from state general fund
Funds distributed on basis of full-time equivalent students (FTES)
CCC is only division of higher education being given local support
Property tax revenues account for large share of income

Governor and state legislature set spending policies and establish the
total state funding contribution to CCC
CCCs Board of Governors & Chancellor allocate funds to the 72 CCC
districts
At district level, individual governing boards and presidents determine
how funds will be spent
http://www.dof.ca.gov/budgeting/

California Community College Characteristics

According to Cohen (2008), California is a state governed community

college system

California CC Boards of Chancellors Office

Five vice-chancellors
Address legal affairs
Governmental relations
Student services
Curriculum
Instruction
Cohen, A. M., & Brawer, F. B. (2008). The American community college.
San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

The system's 112 campuses serve about 2.6 million students statewide
http://www.scpr.org/blogs/education/2012/03/22/5211/california-community-colleges-head-go-and-make-you/

Nation's largest higher education system.

http://www.scpr.org/blogs/education/2012/03/22/5211/california-community-colleges-head-go-and-make-you/

State Support for Community

Colleges, Or ..Lack Of?
Demand

Financial
Colleges

for community college education is increasing, but.

support from the state is decreasing!

are increasing tuition

Manage #s and increase revenue

Some 300,000 400,000 students are denied access annually
Has caused major protests in L.A. and Sacramento
Many non-credit courses have been eliminated

http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/education/jan-june12/commcolleges

CCC Statewide Annual

Enrollments
3,000,000
Student Population
2,900,000

2,894,146

2,800,000
2,758,718

2,739,833
2,700,000
2,600,000

2,610,213

2,596,419

2,500,000
2,400,000
2006-2007

2007-2008

2008-2009

2009-2010

Academic Year
CCC Statewide Annual Total Enrollments
http://www.coco.edu

2010-2011

Recent Budget Cuts

According to reports from the University of California

Newsroom in January 2011:
State of Californias Higher education overall 1.4 billion in cuts
Universities of California cut $500 million
California State University cut $500 million
California Community Colleges cut $400 million

All state sectors were facing the pain

http://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/news/article/24764

Comparison of
Higher Education Systems

2006-2010 Californias Fall Enrollment

Higher Education

Total Student Enrollment

http://www.cpec.ca.gov/OnLineData/GenerateReport.ASP

Fall Semester UC Campus' Total Enrollments

CSU Campus' Total Enrollments

CCC Campus' Total Enrollments

Demographics
Populations

Community Colleges

%/#

Female

50.3%

Female

53%

Male

49.7%

Male

46%

Hispanic or Latino

37.6%

Unknown/Other

Non-Hispanics

62.4%

1%

Campuses

112

Districts

72

Combined budgets (in billion)

6.4

Latino

33%

White/Caucasian

31%

Asian American

12%

African American/Black

8%

Filipino

3%

American Indian/Alaskan Native

1%

2010 Census Interactive Population Search

Pacific Islander

1%

California Little Hoover Commission (2010)

Two or more races & Unknown

Little Hoover Commission

11%

Population & Education

Population By Age

Percentage

2009 Average Education

Percentage

High school graduate or more

80.6%

Under 10 Years

13.5%

Bachelors degree or more

29.9%

10 to 19 Years

14.5%

Advanced degree or more

10.7%

20 to 29 Years

14.8%

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Statistical

Abstract of the United States

30 to 39 Years

13.8%

40 to 49 Years

14.2%

Estimated Graduates (with GED)

50 to 59 Years

12.8%

Total

27.6%

60 to 69 Years

8.4%

Female

25.7%

Over 69 Years

7.9%

Male

29.4%

Cubit Planning

High School

U.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2012

Income Levels
ADJUSTED FOR INFLATION
(2010)

AVERAGE
INCOME

Households

12,406,475

PERCENT

Median household income

57,708

Mean earnings

79,664

80.7

Social Security Income

15,804

25.1

Supplemental Security Income

9,481

6.1

Cash Public Assistance

5,738

4.0

25,993

15.1

Retirement Income
Families

8,507,856

Median Family Income

65,481

Married Couple family

80,004

71.5

Male, no spouse or family

49,596

8.7

Female, no spouse or family

35,844

19.8

U.S. Census Bureau: American Fact Finder: 2010

High School Dropouts

Regions

Percentage

Percentage

California State

21.5%

Alameda County

26.7%

African American/Black

Contra Costa County

15.9%

Asian American

Fresno County

23.7%

Caucasian/White

14.1%

Los Angeles County

24.3%

Filipino

10.7%

Orange County

14.3%

Hispanic/Latino

26.7%

Riverside County

21.9%

Native American/Alaska Native

30.0%

Sacramento County

23.3%

Pacific Islander

25.4%

San Bernardino County

21.6%

Two or more races

San Diego County

20.2%

Santa Clara County

16.1%

Kidsdata.org

Ethnicity
36.8%
9.6%

5.3%

Bachelor Degree or Higher

EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT

25 YEARS AND OLDER

Female, bachelor degree or higher

29.7%

Total

29.9%

Male, bachelor degree or higher

30.5%

Native born

32.8%

Bachelors degree

19.1%

Foreign born

24.8%

Graduate or professional degree

11.0%

U.S. Census Bureau: American Fact Finder: 2010

U.S. Census Bureau

Population & Growth Rate

Population

Population Growth

2010

37,253,956

2000

33,871,648

2011 estimate

37,691,912

2010

37,253,956

Female

18,736,126

% Growth

Male

18,517,830

Cubit Planning

Hispanic or Latino

14,013,719

Non-Hispanic

23,240,237

Community Colleges
Female

1,385,666

Male

1,192,853

Unknown/Other
California Quick Facts from the U.S. Census Bureau: 2010

10%

31,702

California Little Hoover Commission (2010)

Our Findings & the Influence of our Work

on Community College Leadership

Reflection on our findings as community college leaders in

California
Improving community college completion rates
Design of innovative strategies to improve retention and
completion
Programs that extend incentives to underserved and lowincome adults for success in secondary education
Public outreach and commitment

Our Findings & the Influence of our Work

on Community College Leadership

Modesto Bee - California state community colleges hope to pass

Senate Bill 1456, which is referred to legislatively as the
California Community Colleges Student Success Act of 2012.

This bill would require:

All of the state community colleges to increase their student services
The establishment of academic standards for students who are recipients of
fee waivers
The development of a score card for measuring success in each community
college district

www.modbee.com/2012/06/13/2240982/community-colleges-hope-bill-aces.html

Additional Findings

CCC Chancellor Jack Scott seeks further reforms

Recommended by the Student Success Task Force
Some of the initiatives have been completed
Others need legislative approval, as in the revisions in SB 1456

Specifically the bill would require that the state community

colleges expand their assessment, orientation and education
planning to encourage students to graduate or complete their
programs in a timely manner.

Community College Leadership in CA:

Items to Consider

Currently only 54% of degree or transfer students, or those seeking

certificates, are completing these goals.
Bill would put in place support services and incentives for students to establish
completion goals
Effectively work to achieve them.

Concerns
Lack of funding for this legislative initiative
California has cut the student services budget 50%.
Incumbent upon each campus to find a way to fund these important programs.

Community College Leadership in CA:

Items to Consider

Necessary for the California state community colleges to remain affordable. In a

recent article in the North County Times it was reported that California college fees
rank among the lowest in the nation.

Students attending California state universities pay about 22 percent below the
national average for four-year public schools.

Californias public colleges and universities cost less than most of their peers across
the U.S. Current budget woes in California, as in the rest of the U.S., have caused
Californias rates to also increase.

Fees for California community colleges have risen to $46.00 per unit, which
increases the average tuition cost for full-time, 15-unit semester costs to $1,380.
This higher cost does not include the additional fees for campus fees, books,
healthcare, parking and other student essentials.

As student completion goals are creatively furthered, so should there be funding

safety nets for the students, and affordable per student costs.
http://www.nctimes.com/news/local/sdcounty/education-california-college-fees-among-lowest-in-the-unitedstates/article_f5365bac-890b-5a67-a476-ad745af6f1b5.html

Leadership & Operational Differences

Between California and Michigan

Each system is separate and autonomous in Michigan

All 112 community colleges in California are a part of a large consortium
Directed centrally by a Chancellor

In Michigan there are 28 community colleges (some with multiple

campuses)
Each administered by a locally elected board
Local control allows the Michigan colleges to seek local millage and bonds to help
fund their initiatives

This helps the public at large to feel that they play a vital part in the
furtherance of higher education in the state of Michigan.