ghd WLAN ty iy wl dat gol ond ala Iol aut ell aelll Laglgisnilly aglell aulei tucleiallly tole ialll atiill 4 ajilg coll ple ailéll sLaialll. gai aagill pig 2 oli} uly dato Balto deel) borg Soll y ball og Le aS (UN DESA icles Vly dyolias8 94013 lo] rote! ¢VI) 2010 3ig gel Coed p gl psy UB yy Ay slash i A AAG La Sy pall pals ti Fae pulp tet altel / (3 pli de Sl Lady ps ax yl by 22 AB =. 2OLO cp pial, tas y a, AU ay all doled 001 / 08 / 2010 / Rela Vy bolas Vi Lasll Bo ISBN 978 - 9973 -15 - 307-4BUEN y Ay pay pl dak ot 6 UI CaS afof Gos eT WUES gall ob Ih acl Ulas co tla inci gl Va gally BAU Lee J eSly opel be oe Vi cle po ge ale Late Yas ce Ugals SLi Lash, & all ance pod aor gl Bo Fly dy all dy all eH le tg Laid JS gl yok Coed Lin BPD) 2 Rola y 2007 de ob Nf Sadell Spd deat Fy yo 9 ppl Slt Ca potly ees JLarW OVE 8 ay NA) pam BABE SLi) s 2008 daw Gene Lb rece! SLI | Ally (Aad y 8B pall ott god do gill dy a AL 2 geall ¢ yen Cg Lgl pe SOW Lacey cl gall 5 gas 3b Coe Min gid al rs By Oye SF IIS y he SNARE Co gill Ege LB ASLAM (3 Bary dade bo a aby (BME Cel ee goal Cd godly Lt Sh Sp ge Oylety oles» 2010 — 3 ~ 22 Gayle hall Bader gp Jy dat dealer p shall AUS y He lasr Wy WLI goed yHoles desl des 3 Ud Ayal pls 255 ob aw Via 2 DLA, ob Bl oe tall oes slay Lele Vig pd gly eae SIS jy py Al pall ej B Rele y Stall Ai pl gle gS) Las) Ball Joy Jos BS ob tedl hee 3 yal, wilby dae a da glace pel oy feel gl ley cay Laatya yeorndl ol howd hl GL JUS RED (sh ll plat OLS > gf Le WySSy o ghd SoS ee cl aa ABU! fet oll J pel fF alti Joly dial JS LoS Asal yg glall Lee y 3 all Sols hola Gaol pe J oN) Lory Sah LS Ghow dor gl eSclly dpebal aU) ALLS) cs gil) OLS of 8 aN poe AI AS Ge jb ce cg) Sell AS) UY ops Qatreel! SUB Sa y geal SAMI all cles og ll eal! MY Mb) Leall gol emslley He her pSSy Kole a LY Joly anally YY) Gow Y Wingy qt foo dob SPUN! yee Oybedly Spall ell cs Eke Hes VY Aer VI Gall Gin 3) op JLaatals Wa pl) ods pp2y Lage pid Lar J Say pall pl ONL nal AS UI cle bt y oles Sbdly ole JI ALLS GS pill Lael Sade ey all WL Le gh Sy ppl al eb polly ay Th arches fod diobelhill Sigsay pl Llane Lyf you shed Wal sF Sy cig ll bed U hI yell 3 Ley ogg OG cs Al age ory elle Ble de jad OSS SB all aexty eu sl dy all Spl Geet Jl 8S!AWE Re J Sally Lebel la glelly Ball o ory Gal yf 13) Qe PBA ot pk dl el ol ile Go SI a all 8 esl abd OF LAS Ay aI AWE a jae ogo g Ops Ay all J pl cob sell y at he bah dao I dhe Cbs! pass 3 al aa Mata spill Ball Jo spe flay SLs Re all DL om 9 Sil ei Sul 3 Leper y Le wll LS ca all LasYI 3 ty al BU) yo Ga Gayl ob aw GB bey yo5 BW tabs OlLelwy dad Le ole! dL cal cee pid Hale UL Bi all le SU Lad VI oui an yl ele padi cyst Agcy dy SLT, BW dy wl Op oles ACLga pe ESN ya dal age ool ppl ant coke y aaLaS y hy AU ay pall debra atalt paul!auyell aellly yaglgimilly aglell aulci aycliallg ayaleatall asgitll pd a lg acoll gle ailill aeatilll. gai argill pag arene ABS cy Bll le (IB oles! ps Whe sles oxy Gab MB AALI god 4 esp caer gl le Ces (st At olay) wcptg epldcenll gash 3 der gl Sally Apalell ball Soni ay Jes! obs LS goles! asl 3502 al jbo Sabjy led od ls HOB pall eet) cong le god Oleatell dont sp) Jal Gag ay all alll, wie gabe pale Ol B feb oy ly Be ge Ul Coal abl og ay all ata Lol ISN ge carey Lal oe SE Bg te all LeU GRAN gol cy Ale Lae a3 5) piel! sy pou ola! ie Sty Used oe poll pllaen i J3 de SueSyl Jp Gad tl op SU OLE, o gett Ob cs stage pall ory Bly d 13] due OSG oS ae all east pei ox gl! opill Jytee BOSS SSA, Aah de 3 Sy abl ob shally BWLD ro ogee y Op Sa ll Syl 3a all east op oo} pg all a fgaball aa) aba! (5 gS) Slanted 32 de Could Wa BS ke can hy ee yey goles Wi yall obj ae heSly eco SF ill gh BS gal ge SL st gyal) OWS 1S] V) Gime oS dae Sally Hebel aa) ALL cs gill JL al Latah (5 yl ockg) deeb HAUL os pres arf pS y p gall poled pd 2 poles LEN poy Call eG Ge Ayo) gh pall gf ASE o go So CSW aL gf) ab gh) aadll dell gam a UL ole 3 aay yal AJL Of Sp Ousted! and Epp le te LAHTI) Y} bets} Gudy Solel — doled! LSU Rel! 4a! LL y (Socio political integration)&-Vi 54> y Ob ge glam Mie J 2 lsd (Socio psychological identity) ASI pe As) Gy Lal Pe lly S ged OF gy cls] SLBM pad dale Bid> Slee pla Ul cam le Ayala) Jyull Bde gbes 0555 a1 aabll staat pled ley aati J ple dpdalh J ope ay zal slash Agu le yet obs] WS aT col bb ult Ud kbs 3b OL uly AW AS S rd Stay SLL 3 oles Vi ptsl ke GaSlasW pole lec Jadhaeal bude eed gle We NI jlesl Gey pF led ode 3 tall tb yy «elem ls AL pall Stott gpaj BASLE yc Aba Lad 3 be yo y oles VL abl 3 le i SAN ge oye BLS MSS jy ny dee Ge SU) oly cgay aa ola 3 QL Zdledd gf oot sh fx 9 (Trade Model) 8 jlesl ¢3 5£5 (Human Capital) os 4) se [25 J (Network externalities) ab) Las! ys asl) lull JB Se Sy Roll BU sy ee a ZT ye Gott ly as dog UV caer Saal a gel (Lepacd all 18 Led Sch Hiab SAU pee lb ole Syphon o patil ye gtd al lee phy ol I aay Goodly Alabal s pill a 9ausycll alll flecial yc cilealall 14g je soil uc terglgieaille pole vulllll pA Le STGDP Slee MI) lad AU ys pala he dy pl J gall gis Coda She all J pS aa Letty ALN J yl oe ba gd aed her SY Bob jy As LUE od Be ol jb 5 VI | BI aRE QUY oy 96-755 9 SI 32 9 95 oe AST OL SI pal 3 | peel BUN cs Ut pubes 3 % 50 5 %6 60 ye ASTy Stn pales e LSS solu ALS Spo plbes bale ce Ue lol a slle Iba) Lae JB soles Yi sed ous of Edu — ull pil bbe IS ADL ot be cet Wi til Geo Syl yy Lape bade see shot Boe gi alld ls Sp ae! Hay all Syl jae 3 Bol Yue Leaf aus J) Gal, we sill Bae CAS y cola Uy Jy ode 3 Ail Be Goby UJ Lyk col cal GLI OK) = Spall ole 5 had Ope 80 ge 251 Of J] pA OLULen WE Rett Ly cess S case oe ah GES ~ SI 5 06 30 a 8 IIchy abl Dpall 2e 3% 20 9% 15 Oy 2 Mis oad yy oneal Care BB pie 9 US oe Shy wlln J pale yf bye J LG yas pale Of ga Mao Ball gle SG oa gos We es Ul pb de ly oS pl Zul ype Le pSahy ghey ees pal oe 8 a soe cheslaaly clay 5 fees ALU y2 db LaDy pel a fam ay. yeild dey pall J pdt 3 alte Ag ts J SLAB 8 sila g ejbh Eeolas Vb abel bW ol J 58 Sg lesll ie pele Mi 3s cp Clu oy (Partnerships) 1 28) of LUS ALU ode ps SV) Bhd y ell ASS cs Al tye cp Balad UL cher SL tay pall J gull (3 32 pbs OSU ISG Unreal de oy coud Alor ter gl ySly pla B Sard LAL Lage ett) Sle hobo geclyy Ayal Spall plone 3 alalal spall) nbs a LE Egslest nln oy 0 pleby OLLI by yal Shs pba 3B er AN Ola] TAAL, «qed ah BY Adal ¢ pb) pols sds (age alesaY! Gam fb LU Otalse oll gle of pay deer! Bay Le Sy p glad eld [LE ly, Gh sT bis Ste, sas Yi he wllly 12) ge BT he WLI Gy BEL s yey Gl pe HS ad Sy cle) 2d le USE aoc oI JS cel dhe LIS ads «1S aL YI 125b J BIS pas EATS FV Boles Syl oy cee ber ge Uy La JSS, Geld OL ad ae Ge YY WSF Age op Yd Lele Vig doled Vi dell Ye LEW coSV gosll ye % 50 yy vw ASI of gusles yi ae es LN yl 3 Historical Growth In Per Capita Income) olutsly of lye gs Xe ed etadl GU) ope eudl 3 jee (Total Economic Return) 4190! y>sLasYi MSSM EY ON gS ye Oh ch ye Ol ps be del p ghd BLY! dell ZU oy % 50 ye AST OF UL Oyslas I by AM lela)! mole j) 1a all Ge gx OECD J 99 3 (GDP) Beta Jantti Lis db pale Sol,j tats! Jyh pliae 8 all le ola olyole 3 lgokj os Lan! aus xs -2010 9 1970 le oy 2 % 36 SB} Bab de aM Stole a choy Gee cS tt uu 3% 325 had pl 9% 43.4 Bde OLY gl 3% 375 OL OV 03 os dele 5 1994 ale baal! Ab de, all ole JLESY Lay olen} le ONO poles Vi Jou y pool By ley LAS ge SE yg Joly Le BEY Sel SU A 8 5B 3) 95) WY! sf Gad) Traditional Comparative 441i) alates) ol pt) of OW yay CAS GNI ob Mh bsg cables) A) jot) sft) Aut J ya) Advantage Sigh eal obs jh Gyle Lat Yael Le Ce ogy Als Knowledge Competitive Advantage 43 jl) te 421) atchSoll 5 Ob Le cL 5 aw By LAY 3 S965 SI wo LNIS ¢ 1DU (ib gt pled (oe ntl pl og) cole! ote 2 ab bs 05 eb ode Phyl Spt et (COIR) ote dab j lgee Bde OLAS Udy lee Rell wal y chedly eatell pad lee gly as Stl poled o49 4 Sak jy a ote oe DEY od Cg all ae ply LOLLY AL ANB go Otay iSohl ope phe WoL) Slat ay eee & ll cealobsl 3 Fines BA pale ON Leg AS ll leat Ls cla es of ou. el basi ps las lili alist, Bib oF pore ASSN GLH yi olrbl Lest Ab gl de cp apes s Cody Age opt pale paca (og Lead iy Ball ts ca & ull te UL Std) pled) oe le od Lay es Al te PN GS et cles gee le (Yat dee yl: SS) Let ga LS Sle! go’ GA CSW yall Let ab gli ode fantty 01 Ay ocrall Ral YO Sy Vida y cect y porebl 3 all os gles 3 all J ole ali sho etl OGL! doles lad! oles pal J Aal deal ob 25! clatil pu dd all Je sleeps SE wl Jbl Led Yl ony (Knowledge based economy) % i) le till sLedYL Get Aad ad slog LS lguesly Ball Gs oledY Lie 3b ablyy oy Ad all Upc! si Gntangible assets) G2 pF J p25! 599 14Ball eoree, co LeU} Lael Sleernll ano Seal be jal ob - (Knowledge Society) (Bll) Le Dy Sly cll SE BLS Syoell NLe alles gal ey Myles gle LS stad clale OSGI Jay soles! yell de LD Golesy! pall ob ly jby cauldy Joa Le ag Solow glyw oS! 1a (to wh bi Iy> by «(Growth theory) puis ole — ag ple cde pUly By all oles i [le — pe Syst ASK 4 bs be (Technical Progress) Gus op lead by OLsl Syl 8 O poled uslyy Gola! se Glas yo be Sally ola soit GIS pi Lie of ol ol c(exogenous) der dive: oy fala Le OY EUS 4 soles ———., ep Silla tags ees — oo "nasi. \ eon pt shy) —ey he Matis sel ca sKt y ae ety mie A e Hap gly Ayala) Shh Ssly cst aul all ays PR, 9 tt “a Aires =| pews 7] ioe VI SAyBS golell puede pal Ler F bute QyBE Nye b EU oysled YI Ye oy -Cendogenous) 41> dizzy tle ell Spear mbps gay — oy ples dele cy (Paul Romer) +9 9b (BL4AN poll & ay coat oll & Bl ode le cbs Spl: le 3) ald GoledYl soil oi Sa) Lede y .New growth theory cA NAGS erly Sly cola ped Fale LU) 25 y (Le pall er Say cole! poll dak y SALLI s sill Cpe ole BRL) 99 Ob QU cia gh Sally doled ab all cley oo abil of (cb gt ab ol) ALL ogi ogo ed Co he gl Sly Rabel lady Ball le Gall tas) pu son lh ee BAS te yy gbly dope gh pS y Rabel AL LZ) lay op pled 1 ow phy Rola Lae il cle iy gale Lo eell leg coe gol Label os gill Lleall wl i ce ge Goledyl all of yal os SLL ey y foal Co BAN gs 1 ey Gpolell Ay ll doles) co) gall SLE ZU 5b sl to All Joo Solyjy doled yi Spi ee J Sy old AI Gags GAN gall Loal Sy Lhe US BIS y eg ll DL Le pS glad plo Realy de all Li wd [ey can Ly er IS Hebd OVE! 3 dee Sh Lind Ay aL! oA OY (UN all soled I GULY! bal ye Aub JUL Le J SG, gba 3B Saad Vy ad all soles) GUAM Ste Cet Lele tide SA Lee all Gy OWS Saat ay pl pA a all led! dish of oy aT a val gh 16BJle jlnL, jlaly dat cas yo 9) 2009 ple Vyo ylis 1900 41,3 ple 2 sf Was! ZU c+ ily Ets Nay Capes ln silly Laas Hui rau aais Galed Ye Aesth Yi gd V heal! Glee Ob slags os Ving cad xe dole y OLD qewall (LEY O52 Gand Yolay Ao gh eSahy obs soil Sf ced oy ys JEW) dal Ust Ble oil WY ps oe gl ob del, sae y ta pll ob lab ple) Glbs (.... NAPTA Qa) Sp acer dhe ala ¢ glad) les y ha J Sly ob dae JL CAT Se AS BOL Bae ge SL god ae gall ay Sitly o polasY Gow be Gib ye SIE 8 AS Holes! Site eed BY Slaoredl 3 S REd aU o ge y pe AE LI SL) Gales poll SLU Leb y Cpe) Gia Ld Ue AUS, ae ogo 6 aR JLuel dal lel Sad US, olan Vy baled¥) Qos Lhe Gly yey slg ley Qacall ahalon Sabi Ball Ley Jou dr Bf yl gh leg ySaly pb) Uke tial oy bel sll aley Gay JS Ga Bg 5) SU ce EDU oh gl ald GUS 72) communicate 44,5 3) Bolas Yi jel ages on ald (1) 95 SaABS 5 59S ily celawr Vy Gales AU 59 a es wo 1 iS Ler BySall La gl gSGlly aba! sal aL ce ah Sual gow sh Cranslate 445 9) Ug) ALLS bY os aetna qm Lably nally SUB Jay geal 8 cell foal of WE cp Oglethy Spedi Leal) O}y > de SySGy Hole al J) Aad! lantal VI Gin Vidlsy qn! eo dob jd) soe AI «(cooperate 44,4 5) 4b 4! BB pl oe Legh y cLagde yal Le gh Sally pall pla of clay Baby) WM cle obey olay Jbl My OL US! +2) 23) JS 38 (earning 182 Jou Maa (5 yl LF oye SUB Lisl Ln Sah plateat o) Lae be hall Le pS pl eke cet LS Lo oyey ab SUL Sle J pS obe Lisl gba, Bale epi OF Se Y oA) Bi all anne Go LU Spel B92 60 oo SI hee Lats al Soul eb of su Let fel Of pba ll ode nd aly uals aye Gallo oy ST, SAV B ANS gtd) 3 SG soles pall Gobet Sali Jl ASL] Mele oY ancl 19sbwadY 9 Vall! hi, (gol) SUI Lyn Uslasil ie MSs IU Ly ol lal Aan Uy pla Oly pa oat Lage IS 3 lake olutle OB DIS y RY 5 USS pte JL Ly ge all eh Sly LAI 590 Shy LAT) 3 ALI 95 sory hy jell oe A YAU Soles) Lea) bed ue ELS lel obs pod aa ey pb eae be oe Goo i (soladl whe J de Sle Gly sled adi age y Ge ad L Le ging LILES ged Les Leeey salad gad Bg sot les yl pod bd TY ab OS ye ADI G1 SN gb geal oy jlreab gb bad jel sen gtene Ghy OSS cy ab lh all <1 el sl Gag call 3 2 all Geke il ale abl -i aw Ke 8 5 gate By let ales I ee IG, Qabet aa Spel WL ool Wey a Se ys SOL) fqareally > Al) spon Gey Lead LS Ke atl a — 2 BU, ba Gag oa Gels Jl auld al 1 (Sigel pois 3A) Lly 20Coke! leebe cc pe CN hel pSaly tebe aa) — SU ly Balj ely he SI JS yy 9 all JS asstedl f Mes el SAUL Lal pS) JS oe te Sy Halal) aU) JLab Ia) Age gl BAL dato) QSL SAUL; ALLA G6 yA pe 29 LB Gye g edb gh By Obey (eet sf) Sod) 2 A Ute Gul Ole RY of bo Spt SU oly 3 dob Olea DL plaza gt hey ope oll Uy Le te Sly Sl am ly pots IS Ley cast a of cach Sh aa lp (2) GUIs gel 6 PV tle Sab gh DL Lor g pS p lal cde Slay de jlll pany oboe spt UU pi Mis of wet Bl ee DL Age! gl soll JUN Ty Se ALIN) le lledl) [SU sy po hem 3 Soll pole aa Jt ol OF SMe pitty STM glad op Byles Oly pt Sy Atty Language) ae Je slaxeY bud date y darts} oleled Sle B10 g pl aa) UoLaal La Letaly US Leall os Vy (intensive ai ll sla! pu sles Oo as deals bate Ceti! ole wlalig crtally cdslethy cp de My pales reletaall ole aad oy LSS My cle glad Le lS y LAY SlLadt, aL as aa) Ola] 3 jl soled! utd Of Osslady! Jes Aad etsy bw Lb Sy Eby all IS 21AU UG Le 3} Sy lal aa} OLB) SL Uf Le Lab 3 gala) ALLS 3 abl ole Leek 13) Vy] fase SaleSY! WI 599 MB yt a Fe of By all py ALB y Tl y Rola OSS 05 le MALIA yay ad teal Ay ath bel) 9 14g 9b SGI aly CET STI SS cua dete Aly LS oy soled I AU yo Gaal als, BS Stes! Stall bated oleazrell IS J gall pe Antal ly la SE ig on jal ey ge Le pS lal ry rte) ety lee gal po UGS iB aly ABU Lace Le ol yo Bary Gyles chide Jt ode dll yay dolesyl sil CF Raby OU ete g dul bags JT uy Ll, SW Be ogy SI tlh nF de Stays Sens cal gal lia 3 1B seal pL ge Roles! Olle (24 (Lingua franca) able SB s tally GU ally QIAN y wy SY ISL lL ot Lead ls Oye AAU a 0} ob dl Goa Reale dem liars hat) etn AS Ling Bly ca Sy cole BLL Lee pS yp lal pala cettny ey pal abl Ra Sy SVBY (ety + Cingua franca) aid) Sud SIH! ts > Ay ll oe Ayal Gl oy tiled! OLY nar WW ie bale} (oth bet cod SH ote E> os Uf 16 ah 8 Sui day i) SsIBY hy (By bead it) UV dl Fe OWL Suoadl @V) ghee Ie ob 1999 ple (CLL) oxy Uy cele OUD! palSen oe pew nonsnecgoneward: pat 1 gb) bled! Lal sled 8 Ob bs lg ype tall Ladd 3 posal elas ee WO LAL USS SL a peal Sf) ALi OF Y) ote LLad obs aalae bs seal sLesy (SUE Fol Boe Beat «(Trade mode) 6 js 5 sf i sles pol B ogly wptdl JU AL) caye —S (Human capital) 4444 po) 4 Jai Ce leds gh LAS) oe SLY ALL) Chub eof me (Network externalities) 23Byladi gd pei Le oe alley aah Lath Bc Sled haul oo ye cS pel Ma EAE A Lage IN pel oa tite cade of ose ow Sb SA ode fle i 6 Wh halle Olas slabs soe send phd oe GAM AL A LSS ge IS US Sl Haste etal Ly Jolall alee 3 wile Ugly dyno 4ilSG (po aalll Bae ea pet gf asl ASS be ee ec le dy ped geo WN) At ABU oles 8 peteed Qh ol Taped hie GSpot oe — Lady Su plac AM Joie bi 8 end a Dt Oy BESS J) Lisle be ul Dred es dee Bho NS Sy oe FW LS oe Led be Cpa i Les) phe ae eV ale aU pL gi dae al a) alee Bak eb gh aRUL eel Sloe gl SH yglell 13) sgh cptaasll 3 ad ae Gil fy AST (Are giine Sta) pb leacll ofp gall oy 5 pall J Ul SLY jl! 2 BU) St Ua gS BLES 50) re leat (2 Halal) Slaigly obstall oy yal @ lb Gals asl Cl pee — peas) 24 *Rated DoS yosll Whe Soda gle Alaa ae gal oe Of hen oF (LES 9) Uk SI aS Ske cS gall a fall LSB GLY) ads 4 ISCY) OLY a ed BI OLbU 3 4 SCY! Ered) JU oly Spee y K dW oy dod at ptt ob Sy ele poll a be 4 by 5 SG ye pal BS eKey Y= FEL * k] cyl Lal) oo Bi ete) dehy. Y=£(AXK) i ell (LI pal ro by HEM 3 cee pe de ens GS coed Gf AY 5 dled! dali Zul oye YG Ky cr desl pel AA 5 cer gheSh opel Ay Sled! GN Ne A EVILS 5 JU LL 5 AK y JU, gall 4g i asusall IS ged Bagsal! . A gautiatl 4 ait Yo =f[A*K] Y =f[L*K] AV/Y =f[AA/A + AK/K] Yo phe bal gah gyi AK = S*Y AY = hep etna G88 (3 pall tee gee Per TS Aw Ke gh AS at AK =S*A*K ge Sea AK = Sead aly sat S5= aon ds AY/AY =f[ 42/4 + 8 * Ajps cele (golead VI yal Judes o| 13) ay Jas ole 585 ets eS ey ee SS poll Jae gh ad) 6 Gal Cell oS SI cell 3 ps hae gh Say abel SAU Bae ty et JU Ly LSM ye ele y ale Cue JS caleba sgh gate y Ugly ai all cle y oo aa) 3) SU i Jae) ble WL LS 4oles YI Bote oF eee ped She ULI) oleetl of Bay Ab RUS s 4 SB all de cll oles! -(shift from income divide to knowledge divide) gaball DNAse] Sage ly go ber J Sally pele ol cornell dx gb pSally aoe yl Sly Rabel dali coh — Leygle gy Ball Col Spee JU ly blaze alee 3 (Assets) J 2 co zevely (intangible assets) % jal) ples y Bali tel 3 35 . (Knowledge management) 4g) ¢ gla oy» Lg No} ele sles PIS F ted, abd a fy BNUatT ousted cl a> SU olan Wy Leta So dle Gal (3 galas Qa yo oles Seb yl BU de gh Sly Label aabll LS oO) Spd ogd Sa Vol es ie Sey God goles! 26eed GUE! SLs oY wguslad) (ae Gly o> : Sled! Ws BB pl pelye a ISN!) Los Bl ste y foo ol olan J « el lee yb dey jle Gul si BAU 09 6 Many ey SD UE Looy Lar SSG SAI Bee oe ee dle Ay Se Sly Gabel Solas 6 tell Get 8 Bead ObY I cles ral O49 A ISOM) BAU p gnclasy oS A SS he Sly Hoole!) AU! Bae pte ol le AS GlILeAN Jai # AUS) 3 Ay a telly baal po BS PP de IS sys dk ply Aol Sly aT) alll cyl ee a Key Diery Led ps Ge tel, va pl SB cgetedl aL LS oe berg) Sly pli I Olw oO} pial aa Serta oi) GST LS slop Goladl le SB gt Ball) hed Bo pone se OLY hay cle I Sally FEN pled o ald) Gly gabill dary SUL GB) py JSwh ypScly Roll Yad 3 ley (ag) al de Lal gn) LaalSYl ola adi ead, |, Relatole Less I SSL 5 Ge abil Saga ls je Ke gb gSedly Aebdl alll we oi gll = bdt PS 3 OF ONS geld dle Gy pall dagall { Glade = Gayl UBL Raa gh pASally Zyalell pI LAM 52 ail Sab eall SL Tuslautles Lyd agdrbis agulaay Galil od¢! su, UL! La gSal Zs gill 3 Js 28thetsll ys old OW cd gt So ee gl Shy Sealed aa) LS OL 3 5 yall la Glee yi Rola! BU sl lg bw Gull of BY) one 3 S9b5 Ll Wo'y 2a LIS ESM SUH! gf alg) de eSpeall Ne ates eroonl! SUAS y capereld ai Sols OU Geely oS LAL ote obj OS y caroth de SU Ooty ISM 8 GS fall ote oj LUIS Stet) gf LSI Uoladl LI ole Gedy agen p51 Lote -(network externality) ab gh all J) Lageary iy Bab gh DL Lan Sly lal ba ober pSally Ld a os pe Oly (SSS cece le 5. poe Yog2 OF ALY! Ms 3 SB JSS gered Le LY sop cool BY sigh > Beal Chal ae V ot le tae od 5S (ELM op ISS petal SUE oe Gates UL, prey ead tab Le Sh eShy esa play pale of GLE Yy oll de olen! Goladl ley oye J LW cyl) Lgl ye Jie EUS 3 slay ISS rere par pull Sy cgebcll be x55 sles! fis 3 (VHS) sles @& (Betamax) sles J +> epee bows ogy Mabel glut GcoLl pal GUI 2 95 YI anh pel sled Yi gall 29ple dry SsAl colady! poll dadll (a5 Ogle / alll ote) 3 Se als ah [o> yew pI alll wolf ae lob ake soled VI pall intangible (ab 5 Jol gf Ste oly sl tee y Tite ye dlas =a RAL dab GatL e520} otal oy doe aU plas of) aa ae yy “Ladi a Sadek SIN ay «fol gil alot BJ rb OL ce OWL Sole poll celeb Cakes a gladly & SU RU gy sil pth pA DUI A SL iy all JUN AL, SIF er 8b Sasa al Bpodt pcb Sg ily BIN Syl y Belt for cts coy oles dy Jaa (he by Kaly pti) CID (21) SIGE is gabbl Jol obey Hee veers nts wal a (lle a Ska cs ly Alle ta) SDL) Slgehe edb URN oS cory aI BAUS Lge ote (2 tS gh AS tye ote VgeelKee dani y By ele (4 fe fol ge S Gerrhe saab spe 3 UgelSch ales yl 5 yl (6 ted J WLS (5 tlyalé 2 hy by! 30dab JN dal yy Stree oolasel y br gd Soll Lai End By CBN bys y fle gel ty Ste Ve J SS fe o} cb Sy 1B MSP aU) gka jas le ial sof gall LLL (GSN daa 5b 5 ] vote (WN) bbs 8 of WS Le IS! PLS! abe LI bye Ole IS aby dL Gy YS, JB AS oS Lee sy le dS IS le fants le J Ss cg RAM) eM oy OLD JB Lee gh (4) 9 JS BDL paddy Le gh Sly p glad dom J GLSY da OUT, olay sohgs aol 3 Le pS y ball J htt y (CaLebal Gs pill dad) ab sll Ugthe g deo Sly chor gl Sct Glut clog Alls Sabi) qlatl Aad ALatall oc gill abst ules Lig gf gist) ulus + ae © @ 4 JS Baliye pS Led Sy p gla Mla a slly ctl O} cde Bytllly ee EY) ae OF byt aS clell Lhe oe 31Ugh Satie olay (5) pb) JSAM Ba) oe) Sa OLY dubs Olwle OpolasY! qe Lb pe fens nS Goledl tile o (bbls Solin dees (internalizing externalities) 3 Sl+ a& PANS all Gack: eee Lb Bed GC pe Gilly eye OL hi dee jl 25g dls -(international spillover effect of knowledge) BAL Lee gh pSally pyle pb ee GS il eg Sy Habel 13) 5p SU) oles) GILL! op g gS! Ma Gat al ge Aub yl plea Shey Abt By Se hale Shy Crem fe gL) Ld dal dLeball 6 yi) Goad Lake dolby Und sile ye led wt pabes OIF 13] Y] fran Y be ob ast SS 5) Len gl So) y bal Cag ll Aa abl yo IS gol tye pl 9iSill als) y Gab gig it 32Bb JN sip Lar J pS y ppl gal wighe ey Sl ABU pats Len SSN ple led QL UV Cys Le bhey eS Sstly Rela) dar ah de Cll Glo} abl oer YI ae HU Agee eel Ash Bebe 1s AV EVE Gls Spl Ls 3 GAY oh at ye SS Ga dee Sly Qualall Gal) ae Ce pd cay chaas all lal oh by pazmll MI Lh nny pley def aby Ler I pScy pbdl ab alld 6 i) wad Dy sleds sll De ey BN ode be UI “992 sessed JU oh Bye A) 055 ctl J pal Bree eed ine ey De pole ae lly Me Ole oe 3ST igh ilar BSUS a pally oa Lb as 5 Jul : -% 30 de dels oe aevell 3g dolady! aa) lle, Gok pte pled y O slaty Lax Aly SL, CWY oUked dlall aally Gels Yl ols! ay gel Nay ccs peed GU OL) (2 GL ols) Cy pal Joes eles Ul eoty cay ad Le cael Bab del 2) Ble} Vat gb gt y Alaa os gill OY 205 ccpolad VI ir *cde 808 pb cna CH pall Gl) aiaeey ball A Jha Alyy Lage SASS Dy 5 ylaly SA 3 aS LL GN peal yeey AU) ASTI Solas olelball Gls] « Bell pled Gad as SUI doled yl olel dll (+ ney wpe cle GUN Cheat allel os gid peal eo YOY hale HD ll Glee Che gy Ole Lene! gale gy Aer gh Sally Apel aa Boles) deal ol xl Of cle J pS CLS ab Sy JB oy yell 3 Le jUTy ales i Pe hee By el JU Al Objet el gel Les By Gib Ella JS ALL ol 95g eat 3 cols Sadly Ab! J yell peel Ca aly abel! Us pil de SyeSclly Robe aad wl cb ls Uo srg pMEM foley Qom Gy oleae Vi ar 9 bel AS) ole gl) Let ol av! idl eb ae a sabe Wily ds abt * pyle palsy Hebel der Ml pes By OLDE Halas ayeldl QU) UI ALE p6oy dy all aL le J Sly $03) 93) EY) de ISS 34Tela de SHI OU ype oe ARNIS AAD 3-9) WY!Bigsl jyo GM, SUL Ay of Up ae aL Aor gh pSally Leek ay all eal) OLB) ye Aol ples YI RCMIEIETUROISCS)) pall dea J Gales) GH 4 i claw Ole} Sed taly Gell BIL Gadsly lord Sey oval | Le 2 2s UI OL hy ee BeSSly gold) Gyo pe debs Sl pls bac! S) LULU Ab oul B olesely cos SM de ay all GUL OF yXe ay ll aU oT SN Cpt Cle OW dae enc hoe Sl fs SLU ole Ge] OS 2) SSM els y (Lingua franca) 43) aU) ges GS} LL il gi plantas cpl ere Tyr gla pabilese es SIU sles blac 5 5 pue aE gs pee dL cal BU Fpl ol Gb Say Jess L We, (short term yield) ap) pant wll deslell Call be y peoples Seal pdr yal byl Lede of) Bat Cle IS aad wa ody dan Wee ay Slat. aally Me OVLAY, We DI gay al abt Si! GS Ler ySaly bal AGBAIS pe JB 9 AB aM UB pore Bee oe Sued Se) Cat ci gid Y abi scall of del 36-1~ ey) ell BI pcb Gaps yr AZ clan) Laid Boyne AS AV eB capi ope gly yo Laslien| Cs SAU os Oils case past le ise pan) cake! ot vy pl GUL os Vy aS! BLL gpl 52 2+ % 60 Cae gtd JN) de pool! Of Ay 3 Gall el 3! pean Agents 52) ops 9 76 ca pel KGL BS pare OT Gam J ey pl Ba gKs 2 pal SelB Use porn ls shal 3 be pall oasly CASS cog pl) Ole Bal Obie peed opt! 9b Goll LUE g ACh gMV pre doe Ay lie Rema (es pl LLL LLY pball oneSI) cag gL! Olek .2 6 BS eal gb gh Dll plat Gaels gl olan woh GB gala Godly lal pabell ge ed yytl i8 Gul (1983 9 eat ak oR ok oR 37Coe es Shek oF SELL UY lest falyy Lge SE ened te UW, SU de etl bell Goll ul Bettas babs ing 4 ISGY) aL le pb ps Be a tS Lee BAY SW Sled So Ge Caley cai sh ebats Bye Mel ais gee be OF GLEN Lb Y ote y AB ay ld ele gay ep te al) DL Stall Sota Gall ale Gay OU > GY) aL a any Ys abated cp (San 0S L sill erery ddd) 50 oo SIL oll, cell 3 ae gil OK YL te) OU) 3 SoU beh 3 3 Ua Lasts Gl gg le was iS IS} OLS tallles Basle sy B13! SFB (atl Gib J tlie Lien ASI eee 0 poe co all LEY! Leola GUY SLL seal (ai pel 1982 (55 — sas OR kK 38a lb Spey Qe Of 22 Ub obLenl ats of LS) Oy (26% CASH ISGYL Ses Lea Byes GUS Lory gall JY! Gp eee 8 CLS 1 poy> gall JO) a ab yey Ans -% 4 A) ened ay sl eB G2 Ryall BU oe 2 Fy Gyo Ipod — GUY, ISLA spotty gill palate ad ap ag gla £1982 ps gel ghee (a a LEY abs ROR Ke BBL LY 3 Fah lO Se Sym 3 als) oA yy Dey geal o pre Nl OSS ced aby Ope paey O py JOS lS aL Og ye ogi Ey a ak oo JST BS Owe V pgil Say hl Ub) Sblkel JIE Yay (8 ASG YN UL aN gel 2g by SLelbaall ANS Ue Caobe 54> Sal gabe Gs ai) Olek dor f abet 2 -1399 Shy GUI std) = Gol J ele — Cb) BRR 39AUS, SAY Bye SUN he 5 Sa aA Slee) LU cody Cal eB lane dart ay 4 pts) “13 pi duly Dial SUL Go The Ol gw nad Lede ites dele 3 ay pil aU BBY pe lye wey dle hall: ets! dele by plSOYI ot fal Ghee asl Sac ails CIT y peal Le SI Say all pale Geo duly Ub Ch | bs 3 alll duly J anlb ails (Gosh toe jy Une one Haake plu dS tee cole Lab ae 5 pl Llp ome Ce pe ge ue all Lela) we bed) ope 2) tJ pb Gy ply Lashdon! olile cp goddl ex y le oydtKee G all OUI o> SAN) ie geod y+ ibs) of Qo ted! Ob & ISGYL GAM, Ll ager y pail 55 Bee pe pe Legh Geely JST Bell Coctly pale yy hae Rip cle det pat 9 debe (gh tell (all Ghd 3 el Lesh at 21988 ~ Syke Aol) asa dah HOR Kk 40Cal ie Spey Ol aie 500 peas Ga GS cf List Sy Y Usbvter yd gad dae tedwall SLUT ote Leer y Ly LIS Spe SOULE a a 0% 1 oe fil FL 600 5 glee dL belbavall op al de aa Of te LAS pel 2S ans de 13M Bah ye ope AST aS bey al gb lg DoH dye fee teil GUST 3 Sballaally GLI 52) SAM adi U} Lex) de GAH or yy 15 ALT 300 Jol oe Al 99700 58 OF je Led heels eal ile oe dell J pial pe oe GU fgtoee 5 99700) 5 pd lh LISI ey US gelall llacall dase paras Ugubered Log:Se sell Co all ily ab J) (Ju Ls 3 els” Lagi Se Secoel BSL, Gall add OLA G gill lead 5h eh andi g Lela l y LIL Cy cel che gall SLEW ptall CV (haa Lot gable 2 [twat p55 GUY, ISLAM s tly el bt a a 1982 2! KOK OK 41iy allt tl 2000 ple ce pad dom! Rasy J pall dle ALL. (Gaby sled» cg pe SOW ce hell et (a pl gh gy CUI) «Sul > Lee 1999 promse/S gM 0 pls CP EMU bg pls Sf ber SpSSy lal de plaee ps0) tolls tee — AB SIS ce ghall ale (gy pally GOEL OBI Byes ly ye 1999 poms/ J sY 0 gS dLaed WS gall gobel) plead eaah\ Uy J 9S) 6 dll pe det = we) geld celle all 2g) ble ge Ape gis I Bl 3g «(Gb pbs cad 27 = 25 S> ig pall Aa ale ol4) caelaly o> 335 £1999 » 2ST/J 9M roel 9 ha. gB) p99 8B pA) Lad Jb Base Hd Gi vd) dhl» tet — Rey geny aL Mle gebedl 3 SULe yy Ca al lead ps ad IGM cey8S 26 ~ 25 eal Le oy Let Gade dare eo 1999 el yall WL; Gleghll Leg eG Glebey «Sli» tet — cy Se AN ABU BL cle pl a By Gath . 2000/3 / 30 43SL yd 8 gl (eoled YI baa go pay Ale glall ge y slay ¢ SLI + Lat = 2000) 11/119 oye CLE he aL ob sh 5h aSLY! 8 Pl oer gs yy peg Ler Sally a gball Guat DSUs Let = BLD cob IN plead Ay all Lay de N30 cb al otal 2001) 1] 11 4 ee PVs Opal y ole Me py ldalad Wied ghar sll y yon 6 Sul tet — £2003 / 1/29 opts es ject! 3 Bly ALM Lo der alie eat Robert M. Solow: “Growth theory” 2™ edition. Oxford University Press: 2000. Albert Breton (editor). “Economic approaches to Language and Bilingualism” New Canadian Perspectives: Department of public works and Government Services: 1998. Francois Grin: “Languages and the Economy. European Research on the Economics of Language. Recent Results and Relevance to Canada”: Department of Political Economy: Universite De Generec www. poh Proceeding of the Colloquium “Official Languages and the Economy” 271 pages. “ww-pch.gc.ca Ngugi Wa Thiongo: “The role of colonial Language in Creating the image of a savage Continent” www.trinicenter.com Vikas Nath: “Heralding ICT enabled Knowledge Societies. Way forward for the developing countries” aft: //re x pe corn “Global Competitiveness Report 2000 2001” Center for International Development: Harvard University: 2000. 45M. Mrayati: “Knowledge-Based-Economy. and the Need to Arabization of Information Technology in the ESCWA Region”. Expert Panel onIT and Development priorities competing in a knowledge-based global economy: UN-ESCWA: 15-16 May 2000. And Review of S&T in the E;CWA Member Countries No. 3: 2000. M. Mrayati« “Arabization and Localization of E- Business. Status and Requirements”. EGM on Trade Facilitation and e~commerce in the ES;CWA region: UN-ESCWA: Beirut: 8-10 November 2000. M. Mrayatic “Technology Transfer and Emerging Markets”. Environment 2001 Conference: Challenges and Solutions for Sustainable Development. Abu Dhabi: 4~7 February 2001. 46