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GUA DE ACTIVIDADES
FASE 2. TRABAJO COLABORATIVO 2
100411 CALCULO INTEGRAL
PRESENTADO POR:
NATALY CARDONA VALDES
CDIGO: 97022610850
GRUPO: 200611_119
PRESENTADO AL INGENIERO:
LUIS FERNANDO ARIAS RAMIREZ (Tutor)
Ejercicio 4
5
4+ x
dx
x 24
Solucin:
Calcular la integral indefinida:
5
4+ x
5+ 21
dx= 21+4 ln
2
2
x 4
4+ x
dx=4 ln
x 24
4+ x
dx
x 24
4
x
x2
x
+ + x 24+C
2
2
f ( x ) g ( x ) dx= f ( x ) dx g ( x ) dx
1
x
dx + 2
dx
x 4
x 4
2
4+ x
x 4
2
dx=4 ln
4
x
x2
x
+
2
2
4+ x
dx
x 24
af ( x ) dx=a f ( x ) dx
1
dx
x 4
2
b x2 a
Para
x=
a
b
sustituyendo
sec ( u )
f ( g ( x ) )g ' ( x ) dx= f ( u ) du
x=2 sec ( u )
dx=
2
tan ( u ) du
cos ( u )
2
tan ( u ) du
( 2 sec ( u ) ) 4 cos ( u )
2
2
tan ( u )
cos ( u )
4 sec2 ( u )4
du
42
1
tan ( u )
cos (u )
4 sec2 ( u )4
du
Redefinir
42
tan ( u )
cos (u )
4 sec2 ( u )4
4 sec (u )4=4
du
2
4 sec ( u )
1
4
af ( x ) dx=a f ( x ) dx
, u=g ( x )
42
tan ( u )
cos ( u )
4 sec 2 ( u )
4
1
4
du
Redefinir
42
tan ( u )
cos (u )
2 sec 2 ( u )1
du
2
2
Utilizar la siguiente identidad: sec ( x )=1 ta n ( x )
tan ( u )
cos ( u )
2 1+1 tan 2 ( u )
du
42
42
af ( x ) dx=a f ( x ) dx
tan ( u )
cos ( u )
( 12 ) 1+1 tan (u ) du
2
tan ( u )
cos ( u )
( 12 ) tan ( u ) du
2
, asumiendo tan ( u ) 0
tan ( u )
cos ( u )
1
42
du
2
tan ( u )
()
Redefinir
1
=sec ( x )
cos ( x )
1
42( ) sec ( u ) du
2
Usar la integral comn:
42
( 12 ) ln ( tan (u )+ sec ( u) )
Sustituir:
u=sec1
( 12 x)
( ( ( ) ) ( ( ) ))
1
1
1
42( )ln tan sec 1 x +sec sec 1 x
2
2
2
Simplificando:
4 ln
4
x
x2
x
+
2
2
x
2
dx= x 4
x 4
x
dx
x 4
f ( g ( x ) )g ' ( x ) dx= f ( u ) du
, u=g ( x )
dx=
1
du
2x
x 1
u 2 x du
1
2 u du
Sacar la contante:
1
1
du
2 u
1
=u
u
1
2
1
u
2
1
2
af ( x ) dx=a f ( x ) dx
du
a1
x
a
Aplicar la regla de la potencia: x dx= a+1
1
+1
2
1 u
2 1
+1
2
2
Sustituyendo u=x 4
, donde a 1
1 ( x 4 )
2 1
+1
2
Simplificando:
x 24
4 ln
4
x
x2
x
+ + x 24 +C
2
2
Agregando la constante
4 ln
4
x
x2
x
+ + x 24 +C
2
2
4+ x
5+ 21
dx=4 ln
+ 21=0
2
2
x 4
( f ( x ) ) lim
x a+ ( f ( x ) )
x b
f ( x ) dx=F ( b )F ( a )=lim
( (
4 ln
) )
4
x
x2
x
+ + x 24 = 0
2
2
x 2
lim
( (
) )
4
x
x2
x
+ + x 24
2
2
x 2 4 ln
lim
x a
x a
x 2+ ( x2 4 )
x2
( (
4
x
x2
x
+
+ lim
2
2
4 ln
lim
( (
4
x
x2
x
+ =0
2
2
x 2+ 4 ln
lim
( (
4
x
2
x
x
+
2
2
x 2+ 4 ln
lim
lim [ cf ( x ) ] =c lim f ( x )
x a
x a
( (
4
x
2
x
x
+
2
2
x 2+ ln
4 lim
x=2
( f ( x ) ) lim
t a+ ( f ( x ) )
t b
f
(
x
)
dx=F
( b )F ( a )=lim
Usar la propiedad de los lmites:
Calcular
x 2+
4
x
x2
x
+
x2
+
2
2
lim
ln
4
x
x2
x
+ =1
2
2
lim
x 2+
4
x
x2
x
+
2
2
lim
1
Reemplazando el valor:
4
(2)
2
( 2)
(2)
+
2
2
Simplificando
x 2+ ( x2 4 )=0
lim
x 2 ( x 4 )
lim
2
Reemplazando el valor:
( 2 ) 4
2
Simplificando
0
( (
x 5 4 ln
4
x
x2
x
5+ 21
+
=4 ln
+ 21
2
2
2
lim
( (
x 5 4 ln
) )
4
x
x2
x
+ + x 24
2
2
lim
( (
4 ln
x a
xa
4
x
2
x
x
+
+ lim
2
2
x 5 ( x 4 )
x5
lim
( (
4
x
x2
x
5+ 21
+
=4 ln
2
2
2
x 5 4 ln
lim
( (
4
x
x2
x
+
2
2
x 5 4 ln
lim
lim [ cf ( x ) ] =clim f ( x )
x a
xa
( (
4
x
x2
x
+
2
2
x 5 ln
4 lim
( f ( x ) ) lim
t a+ ( f ( x ) )
t b
x 5
Calcular
x5
4
x
2
x
4
x
x2
x
+
2
2
lim
ln
1
x 5+ 21
=
2
2
x
2
2
lim
x5
4
x
2
x
2
lim
Reemplazando x:
4
2
( 5)
(5)
2
Simplificando
5+ 21
2
4 ln
( 5+2 21 )
x5
( x 24 ) =21
lim
Reemplazando x:
(5 ) 4
2
Simplificando
21
4 ln
( 5+2 21 )+ 21
4 ln
( 5+2 21 )+ 210
Simplificando
21+ 4 ln
( 5+221 )
f ( g ( x ) )g ' ( x ) dx= f ( u ) du
u= x
du=
1
2x
dx
dx=2 u du
2
sec ( u )
2u du
u
2 sec 2 ( u ) du
Sacar la contante:
af ( x ) dx=a f ( x ) dx
, u=g ( x )
sec2 ( u ) du=tan ( u )
2 tan ( u )
Sustituir en la ecuacin u= x
2 tan ( u )
EJERCICIO 6
4
( 1+1
x)
dx
Solucin:
4
( 1+1
x)
dx=2+ln ( 4 )ln ( 9 )
( 1+1
x)
dx
1+ x dx=2 x2 ln ( x+ 1 )+ C
1+ x dx
Aplicar integral por sustitucin:
u= x
d u=
du=
1
2 x
1
dx
2u
d x =2u du
1
1+ x 2 udx
f ( g ( x ) )g ' ( x ) dx= f ( u ) du
, u=g ( x )
2 u+1 dx
Aplicar la regla de la suma:
2 du
f ( x ) g ( x ) dx= f ( x ) dx g ( x ) dx
2
dx
u+1
2 du=2u
2 du
Integral de una constante:
f ( a ) dx=xf ( a )
2u
2
u+1 dx
Sacar la contante:
2
af ( x ) dx=a f ( x ) dx
1
du
u+1
f ( g ( x ) )g ' ( x ) dx= f ( u ) du
, u=g ( x )
1+1 x dx
1
v dv=ln ( v )
( f ( x ) ) lim
t a+ ( f ( x ) )
t b
f ( x ) dx=F ( b )F ( a )=lim
x 1 ( 2 x2 ln ( x+ 1 ) )=2ln ( 4 )
lim
x 1 ( 2 x2 ln ( x+ 1 ) )
lim
x 1 ( 2 x )=2
lim
x 1 ( 2 x )
lim
Reemplazar la variable
2 ( 1 )
Simplificando
2
f ( x ) g ( x ) dx= f ( x ) dx g ( x ) dx
lim ( 2 ln ( x +1 ) )
x 1
lim [ cf ( x ) ] =clim f ( x )
x a
xa
2 lim ( ln ( x +1 ) )
x 1
Usar la continuidad de ln ( x ) en
x=1
f ( g ( x ) ) =f lim g ( x )
x=a , entonces lim
x a
x a
es continuo alrededor de
Calcular
ln lim ( x +1 )
x 1
lim ( x +1 )=2
x 1
lim ( x +1 )
x 1
Sustituir variable
(1 )+1
Simplificando:
2
2 ln (2 )
Simplificando:
x=g(a)
g( x)
lim ( 2 x2 ln ( x+1 ) )
x4
x 4
lim ( 2 x )=4
x4
Sustituir variable
2 ( 4 )
Simplificando
4
lim ( 2 ln ( x +1 ) ) =ln ( 9 )
x4
lim ( 2 ln ( x +1 ) )
x4
lim [ cf ( x ) ] =clim f ( x )
x a
xa
2 lim ( ln ( x +1 ) )
x 4
f ( x ) g ( x ) dx= f ( x ) dx g ( x ) dx
x=4
f ( g ( x ) ) =f lim g ( x )
x=a , entonces lim
x a
x a
es continuo alrededor de
Calcular
ln lim ( x +1 )
x 4
lim ( x +1 )=3
x4
lim ( x +1 )
x4
Sustituir la variable
( 4 )+1
Simplificando
3
2 ln (3 )
2 ln (3 )
Simplificando
ln ( 9 )
4ln ( 9 )
4ln ( 9 )( 2ln ( 4 ) )
4ln ( 9 )( 2ln ( 4 ) )
x=g(a)
g( x)