Test Review (Solar System/other)

1. The yearly motion of Earth around the Sun is called its __Period revolution___.
2. On the summer solstice:
Explain the length of the day. Its the longest day of the year.
Explain how high youd expect to see the sun in the sky. ALmost straight up
Explain if sunrise and sunset would come sooner or later. sunrise - sooner
sunset - later
3. What causes the Suns apparent motion across the sky each day?
Earths rotation
4. During which phases of the Moon do spring tides occur? Which phases do neap
tides occur?
full and new === first quarter, third quarter
5. Why can we see only one side of the Moon?
revolution is the same rotation time
6. List the two times of the year when the number of daylight and dark hours are
equal?
spring and fall equinoxes
7. List the four inner planets.
mercury, venus, earth, mars
8. Which planet has no atmosphere?
mercury
9. What causes a comet to develop a tail?
because the suns solar wind knocks off parts of ice and dust
10. What is the largest planet in the Solar system, and is the 5th planet from the sun?
Jupiter
11. Solar energy trapped by gasses in Venuss atmosphere causes ____.
Greenhouse effect/heat
12. Mercury is the __1st__ planet from the sun.
13. __Eaarth___ is the third planet from the sun.
14. Draw a picture of the orbits of the inner planets.
I know how to
15. Venus and Earth both experience a _____ because of heat trapped by their
atmospheres.
Greenhouse effect
16. Why cant astronomers directly observe the surface of Venus without landing
probes there?
It is too hot
17. Which of the outer planets is tilted on its axis so that it appears to be rolling
along its orbit?
Uranus
18. Why is Venus hot?
Greenhouse effect
19. What do scientists think is the cause of Uranuss tilted orbit?
An earth sized object hit Uranus
20. In what direction do comet tails point?
Away from the sun
21. What is the largest object in the Solar System?
Sun

22. What is a meteorite?

Rock that hits a planets surface
23. What is The Great Red Spot on the surface of Jupiter?
Big storm
24. One astronomical unit is approximately equal to the distance from Earth to sun.
150 million miles
25. Why does Mercury have no atmosphere?
because of its low gravity and low mass
26. What is a distinction between an asteroid and a dwarf planet?
Dwarf planet's are large enough to have gravity to be spherical
27. When Earths northern hemisphere experiences summer, which direction it the
northern hemisphere tilted?
Towards the sun
28. List the inner planets starting with the one nearest to the sun and ending with
the one farthest away.
mercury, venus, earth, mars
29. Olympus Mons, the largest mountain in the Solar System can be found on which
planet?
Mars
30. List objects found in the Solar System that are larger than dwarf planets.
planet's + sun
31. How many of the outer planets (gas giants) have moons? 2
How many of the outer planets (gas giants) have rings? 4
32. Where do short period and long period comets come from?
Oort cloud: long period
Kuiper belt: short period
33. Give a description for the term weight:
the force of gravity on your body
34. Explain what would happen to your mass and weight if you were to travel to a
different planet.
Your mass would stay the same, but your weight would vary depending on
the gravity

Match the vocabulary words with the definitions below (comet, meteorite, meteoroid,
meteor, solstice, Maria, asteroids, Galilean Moons):
35. A meteoroid that strikes a moon or planet.

Meteorite

36. A small rocky particle that moves through space.

meteoroid

37. It is made out of ice and dust and revolves around the Sun in an oval shaped
orbit. Comet
38. A meteoroid that glows as it moves through Earths atmosphere.
39. Small rocky objects that orbit the Sun.

Asteroid

40. Large, dark, flat areas on the Moon.

Maria

Meteor

41. The four largest moons of Jupiter, Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto.
Galilean moons
42. A day when Earths rotation axis is the most toward or away from the Sun.
Solstice