EVOLUTION

Evolution by Natural
Selection
Change Over Time

Evolution

Charles Darwin is known as the

Father of Evolution
Describes evolution as the gradual
change in organisms over many
generations of reproduction.
This eventually produces new
species of organisms.which are the
organisms alive today.
The force that causes evolution is
called Natural Selection

The Voyage of the Beagle

His journey around the world took 5 years,

most of which was spent on land collecting
specimens, fossils, making sketches and
writing in his journal.
After the journey he spent many more
years studying his findings and the works
of many other scientists like himself.
Eventually he completed his controversial
book On The Origin of Species

Voyage of the Beagle

Natural Selection
Natural selection is the process by which
favorable inherited traits become more common
in each generation of a population of organisms,
and unfavorable inherited traits become less
common

In other words its Survival of the Fittest

Those organisms which are best suited for their
environment will:

live longer
and reproduce more.

Those that are not fit become extinct, move

away or survive in very small numbers.

Products of Evolution

Adaptations

Survival of the Fittest

Darwin proposed the simple concept

that survival depended on organisms
being fit for their environment.
But what does being fit mean??
Darwin called them Adaptations.

the inherited characteristics that allowed

an organism to survive

Anatomical Adaptations

These would be actual physical

structures of an organism that
allow it to survive.
Examples:

Porcupine's Quills

Porcupines Quills

Anatomical Adaptations

These would be actual physical

structures of an organism that
allow it to survive.
Examples:

Porcupine's Quills
Angler Fishs Lure

Angler Fishs Lure

Anatomical Adaptations

These would be actual physical

structures of an organism that
allow it to survive.
Examples:

Porcupine's Quills
Angler Fishs Lure
Rattlesnakes Venom

Rattlesnakes Venom

Behavioral Adaptations

These would be adaptations in

which an organism carries out
some action to survive.
Examples:

Hibernation

Hibernation

Behavioral Adaptations

These would be adaptations in

which an organism carries out
some action to survive.
Examples:

Hibernation
Migration

Migration

Behavioral Adaptations

These would be adaptations in

which an organism carries out
some action to survive.
Examples:

Hibernation
Migration
Estivation

Estivation

Functional Adaptations

These would be actual processes

that occur within an organism to
allow them to survive.
Examples:

Photosynthesis

Functional Adaptations

These would be actual processes

that occur within an organism to
allow them to survive.
Examples:

Photosynthesis
Chemosynthesis

Chemosynthesis

Bacteria inside the tube worms

above or mussels to the left

actually carry out chemosynthesis
and therefore are adapted to life
without light.

Functional Adaptations

These would be actual processes

that occur within an organism to
allow them to survive.
Examples:

Photosynthesis
Chemosynthesis
Decomposition

Decomposition