Electron Configuration

Energy Shells in a Single

Atom

Energy bands in Solids

Band Formation

Energy bands in Sodium

Energy Bands in Lithium

Energy bands in Lithium

Conduction and Valence

Band

Formation of valence band and

conduction band, region A-Metal, BSemi -conductor, C -Insulator

Band Formation

Energy Band Formation

Valence band and conduction band

Conduction and Valence

Bands

Valence Band and Conduction band

with forbidden gap (Eg) for semiconductor

Half Filled 2s band in

Lithium

Overlapping of completely filled 2s

band and vacant 2p band in Beryllium

Energy level splitting and energy band

configuration in Silicon crystal

Energy level splitting as a function

of distance

Group 1VA elements and their

electronic configuration

Semi conductors, insulators and

conductors

Intrinsic semiconductor

N type Semiconductor

P Type Semiconductor

Fermi Energy and Fermi

Factor
Classically electrons have zero energy at

Zero K, but quantum mechanically electron

can not have zero energy at Zero K.
The maximum energy that electrons may
posses at zero K is the Fermi energy Ef
F (E): Fermi factor is the probability that a
state of a given energy (E) is occupied by an
electron
under condition of thermal equilibrium

Fermi-Dirac statisitics