BB 11 - Programming

Layering: Building
Functions out of
Functions
Functional Abstraction
Reduces Complexity
Based on Lawrence Snyders slides for UW-Seattle. This notice

serves as permission for their use for teaching in public or
private (not for profit) schools. 2014
Todays lesson
Two threads of class merge again as we
introduce functions in TouchDevelop and use
them to build a pong game with bullseye ball!
Function Syntax:
FunctionName, Parameters, and Return
Defining a function: writing a function
Calling a function: using a function
Arguments to parameters
Two reasons for function:

Abstraction + Re-use
Microsoft Research 2014 (With permission from Larry Snyder)
Lets review
Functions in Lightbot 2.0:
in Moonwalk Excercise
Functions
Procedure
s
Methods
Actions
Recall that functions have two parts:

Function
Definition
A statement of how
it works
Function Call
A request to have it
preformed
Functions In TouchDevelop
<name> ( <param list> ) ( <return list> ) {
<body>
}
as in
action MoveBallBy(x_dist: Number, y_dist: Number)
ball->setX (ball->x + x_dist)
ball->setY (ball->y + y_dist)
end
or
action pink ( ) returns (myColor:Color)

myColor := Color(255, 200, 200);
end
Functions: Result
Void?
Functions that do something, but do not return a value, have void
as their <return type>
Functions that return a value must

say its type
action MoveBallBy(x_dist: Number, y_dist: Number)returns
void
end
myColor := Color(255, 200, 200);
end
Functions: Parameters
Parameters are the values used as input to the
function;
parameters are not required, but the parentheses are
The type of each parameter must be given

end
myColor := Color(255, 200, 200);
end
Functions: Return
A function returns its value with the return
statement
The stuff following return is the result
The returned item must be defined before the function ends
end
myColor := Color(255, 200, 200);
end
Refresher
Writing Functions
Our function definitions are listed under code
Function
Call
Function
Definition
Using Functions
Once defined, functions can be called repeatedly
its the point of writing them!
Function
Call
Function
Call
Function
Definition
Review, Analogy
Arguments Become Parameters

Notice that if the DEFINITION has n parameters,
the CALL needs n arguments
The parameters and arguments correspond

Inside of the function, the

parameter, e.g. xPos, is declared
and initialized to the
corresponding argument, e.g.
400. Then, the definition uses it,
e.g.
a-> setpos(400, 300)
Parameters
Automatically declared (& initialized) on call
They remain in existence as long as the function remains unfinished
When the function ends:

The parameters vanish
Will be recreated on the next call
Choose meaningful parameter names

xPos correlates to x position of the bullseye center
Everytime you see xPos you know the meaning
Functions Tutorial, Scoreboard
Review
Function: why?
Makes your code more readable
Show your thinking/Hide the details
Parameterized: Support re-use
Functional Abstraction Powers Layers

Review What We Did
Bullseye as pong ball
Create
Reset
Move
Collide
Bunch of circles
The computation ONLY deals circles, but we dont

think of it that way to us, its a ball
More On Parameters
Return to the two slides on the topic of
parameters
Parameters: Customize each function call
to a specific situation they are the input to
the function
Parameters are the names of the input
values used inside of the procedure body
Arguments are the values from outside to
be used for each of the parameters

Inside of the function, the

parameter, e.g. xPos, is declared
and initialized to the
corresponding argument, e.g.
400. Then, the definition uses it,
e.g.
a-> setpos(400, 300)
Parameters
Automatically declared (& initialized) on call
They remain in existence as long as the function remains unfinished
When the function ends:

The parameters vanish
Will be recreated on the next call
Choose meaningful parameter names

xPos correlates to x position of the bullseye center
Everytime you see xPos you know the meaning
Pop Quiz!
What Are Your Questions?

We say that a function definition has 3 parts:
name, parameters, body
Name is critical: it names the concept created by the function
Parameters are critical: they customize a function to many cases
Body is critical: it defines how the function works
Function uses (calls) have 2 parts: name,

arguments (args)
Name is critical: says what concept you will use
Arguments are critical: says how this case handled
Functions Tutorial 2, Factorials

BB 11 - Programming

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Layering: Building

Based on Lawrence Snyders slides for UW-Seattle. This notice

Two reasons for function:

Microsoft Research 2014 (With permission from Larry Snyder)

Recall that functions have two parts:

Microsoft Research 2014 (With permission from Larry Snyder)

action pink ( ) returns (myColor:Color)

Microsoft Research 2014 (With permission from Larry Snyder)

Functions that return a value must

The type of each parameter must be given

Microsoft Research 2014 (With permission from Larry Snyder)

Microsoft Research 2014 (With permission from Larry Snyder)

Microsoft Research 2014 (With permission from Larry Snyder)

Microsoft Research 2014 (With permission from Larry Snyder)

Arguments Become Parameters

Microsoft Research 2014 (With permission from Larry Snyder)

Arguments Become Parameters

Inside of the function, the

When the function ends:

Choose meaningful parameter names

Microsoft Research 2014 (With permission from Larry Snyder)

Functions Tutorial, Scoreboard

Microsoft Research 2014 (With permission from Larry Snyder)

Microsoft Research 2014 (With permission from Larry Snyder)

Parameterized: Support re-use

Microsoft Research 2014 (With permission from Larry Snyder)

Functional Abstraction Powers Layers

The computation ONLY deals circles, but we dont

Microsoft Research 2014 (With permission from Larry Snyder)

Arguments Become Parameters

Inside of the function, the

When the function ends:

Choose meaningful parameter names

Microsoft Research 2014 (With permission from Larry Snyder)

Microsoft Research 2014 (With permission from Larry Snyder)

What Are Your Questions?

Function uses (calls) have 2 parts: name,

Microsoft Research 2014 (With permission from Larry Snyder)

Functions Tutorial 2, Factorials

Microsoft Research 2014 (With permission from Larry Snyder)

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