LIST OF APPARATUS AND MATERIAL

SENARAI RADAS DAN BAHAN

Instruction:

Please check the apparatus and material given for each questions.

Arahan:

Sila semak radas dan bahan untuk setiap soalan

Question 1/ Soalan 1
No
Bil
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

Apparatus/ Material
Radas/ Bahan
Filter paper/ Kertas turas
Pen knife/ Pisau lipat
Petri dish/ Piring petri
Forcep/ Forsep
White tiles/ Jubin putih
Gridded transperancy/ Transperensi berskala
Iodin solution/ Larutan iodin
Potato cube/ Kuib ubi kentang
Stopwatch/ Jam randik
Ruler (15cm)/ Pembaris (15cm)

Safety precaution/ Langkah Keselamatan

Be careful when using the penknife
Berhati-hati apabila menggunakan pisau lipat

Quantity
Kuantiti
3
1
3
1
1
1
60ml
3 (1 cm3, 8 cm3, 27cm3)
1
1

Have/ Ada()
Dont have/ Tiada (x)

Procedure

1. Potato tissues are cut into 1 cm, 2 cm and 3 cm cubes.

Tisu ubi kentang dipotong mengikut ukuran 1 cm, 2 cm dan 3 cm..

Prosedur
2. Then the cubes are immersed into a petri dish containing 20ml of iodine
solution.
Kiub-kiub tersebut direndam dalam piring petri yang mengandungi 20 ml
larutan iodin.
3. By using a stopwatch immerse all the cubes in iodine solution for 20
minutes.
Dengan menggunakan jam randik, kesemua kiub direndam dalam larutan
iodin selama 20 minit.
4. After 20 minutes, the outer surface of the cubes are dried with filter paper
and cut into two halves.
Selepas 20 minit, permukaan luar kiub dikeringkan dengan kertas turas
dan dibelah dua.
5. The percentage of colored area in each cube is estimated by using a girded
transparency.
Peratus kawasan yang berwarna dalam setiap kiub dianggarkan dengan
menggunakan transperensi bergrid.
6. The rate of diffusion of each cube is calculated.
Kadar resapan bagi setiap kiub dihitung.
7. The results are recorded in the table.
Keputusan dicatat dalam jadual.

Question 1
Soalan 1
[20 marks]
[20 markah]
Answer all questions
Jawab semua soalan

Based on the experiment which has been carried out, answer the following questions:
Berdasarkan eksperimen yang dijalankan, jawab soalan-soalan berikut:
a. Construct a table based on the following titles:
Bina satu jadual berdasarkan tajuk berikut:
i.
Dimension/ Dimensi
ii.
Total surface area / Jumlah luas permukaan
iii.
Volume / Isipadu
iv.
Total surface area / Volume ratio / nisbah jumlah luas permukaan / isipadu
v.
Length of diffusion (cm) / Panjang resapan (cm)
vi.
Rate of diffusion (ROD) / Kadar resapan(ROD)
ROD = Percentage of coloured area / Peratus kawasan yang diwarnakan (%)
Time taken / Masa (min)
(3 marks / 3 markah)
b. State what causes the potato cubes to be stained by iodine solution?
Nyatakan apakah yang menyebabkan kiub ubi kentang diwarnakan oleh larutan iodin?
(1 mark / 1 markah)
c. Calculate the percentage of portion which has changed color for all the cubes using the
following formula?
Hitungkan peratus kawasan yang diwarnakan untuk semua kiub ubi kentang dengan
menggunakan formula berikut:
Length of diffusion / Panjang resapan (cm) X 100%
Length of cube / Panjang kiub (cm)
(3 marks / 3 markah)

d. State a reason why the potato cubes need to be dried with filter paper after removing from
iodine solution?
Nyatakan satu sebab mengapa kiub ubi kentang perlu dilap dengan kertas turas selepas
dikeluarkan dari larutan iodin?
(1 mark / 1 markah)
e. i.

ii.

State the relationship between TSA/V ratio with the rate of diffusion.
Nyatakan hubungan antara nisbah jumlah luas permukaan/isipadu dengan kadar
resapan.
(1 mark / 1 markah)
Give reason for your answer.
Nyatakan alasan bagi jawapan anda.
(2 marks / 2 markah)

f. Based on this experiment, state the operational definition for rate of diffusion.
Berdasarkan eksperimen ini, nyatakan definisi secara operasi untuk kadar resapan.
(2 marks / 2 markah)
g. If the experiment is repeated using boiled potato with length of side 3cm, predict the rate
of diffusion.
Jika eksperimen ini diulang dengan menggunakan kiub ubi kentang bersaiz 3cm yang
telah direbus terlebih dahulu, ramalkan kadar resapan.
(1 mark / 1 markah)
h. Based on this experiment, classify the list of apparatus and materials given.
Berdasarkan eksperimen ini, kelaskan senarai radas dan bahan yang diberikan.
(2 marks / 2 markah)
i. State the following variables:
Nyatakan pembolehubah yang berikut:
Manipulated variable / pembolehubah yang dimanipulasi
Responding variable / pembolehubah bergerakbalas
(2 marks / 2 markah)
j. State the hypothesis for this experiment.
Nyatakan hipotesis untuk eksperimen ini.
(2 marks / 2 markah)

Skema jawapan

a.
Dimension (cm)

1
2
3

Total surface Volume

area (cm2)
(cm3)

TSA/V
ratio

Length
of Rate of
diffusion (cm) diffusion

b.
c.

Diffusion of iodine into the potato cubes.

i.
ii.
iii.

d.
e.

(1/1) x 100% = 100%

(1/2) x 100% = 50%
(1/3) x 100% = 33.3%
So that the stained area can be seen clearly.

i.
ii.

The larger the TSA/V ratio, the faster the rate of diffusion
Because the size of the cube is smaller and this causes the diffusion to be faster to cover
the whole cube.

f.

Rate of diffusion is the movement of iodine molecules into the potato cubes which is
influenced by the size of the cubes.

g.

Faster.

h.

Apparatus : Filter paper, pen knife, petri dish, forceps, white tiles, gridded transparency,
stopwatch, ruler (15cm)
Materials: iodine solution, potato cube

i.

Manipulated variable: size of potato cubes

Responding variables: rate of diffusion

j.

The larger the size of the potato cube, the smaller the TSA/V ratio, the slower the rate of
diffusion