Running head: ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHIES

Annotated Bibliographies
Bryan Avitia
University of Texas at El Paso

ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHIES

Englade, Kenneth F. (2015). Charges. Meltdown in Haditha : The Killing of 24 Iraqi Civilians by
U.S. Marines and the Failure of Military Justice (pp. 60-67). Jefferson, NC: McFarland &
Company, Inc., Publishers
The main point of the whole book is to analyze and inform about the incident that took
place in the city of Haditha located in Anbar Province, Iraq during 2005. This incident
included 24 civilians killed, a 20-years old Marine Lance Corporal Miguel Terrazas from
El Paso, Texas, and two other Marines wounded. The three Marines were attacked by an
Improvise Explosive Device (IED) and the 24 Iraqi civilians were killed by the United
States Marines short after the explosion. The authors argument is that the Marines
officials did not took an accurate decision when the Marines went through three different
houses killing those civilian, including women and children. The first decision was that
Staff Sergeant Frank Wuterich which was appointed the new leader of the 1st Marine
squad, made proper decision of clearing out those houses in order to find insurgents
responsible for the Marines deaths. And after all, the Marines involved in taking bad
decision of killing civilian were sent to jail after a court held for that case.

This information is useful in order to remain neutral in the decision whether the United
States military is doing a good job or not. This book shows the audience that bad decision
lead to bad consequences. This chapter book and the entire book helps the audience
understand what the military goes through every day.

ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHIES

Marine Corps Weapons & Vehicles. (2011). Sea Power, 54(1), 108-117.
The Marine Corps is well equipped in order to be efficient during any kind of operation
and against any enemy. The Marines count with 17 weapons, including the M16 A2/A4
5.56 MM Rifle which is the main weapon that every Marines is trained to learn how to
use it properly. For the other 16 weapons the Marines have to do the proper training in
order to use it, and as well as it depends the Military Occupational Specialty (MOS) the
Marine gets assigned, for example Military Police are trained to always carry their M9
pistol. All the Marines go through a month-long training to learn how to use this weapons
or at least to have a general idea about those weapons. Missiles and rockets are part of the
Marine Corps and use mainly for Artillery and Infantry personnel. Artillery systems are
Mortars are also part of the weapons system and are very effective for firing long
distances. The Marines have 16 vehicles designed to be fast and affordable during
training missions and on combat, these vehicles are very efficient and are secure, yet not
secure at Marines wanted to be but, it creates a sense of protection while driving these
vehicles.

The magazine is different from the other sources because, it talks about the weapons and
vehicles use by the Marine Corps. It is also reliable because is done by the Marine Corps
to inform the general public about its functions. This source can be added into the
discussion because it is more knowledge and it enforces research project about the
mission and effectiveness of the Marines overseas.

ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHIES

Seck, H, H. (2014, October 27). After base handoff, last Marines depart Afghanistan. Marine
Corps Times. Retrieved from
http://www.marinecorpstimes.com/story/military/pentagon/2014/10/27/after-base-handoff-lastmarines-depart-afghanistan/18005085/
Hope Secks article focuses in the United States Marine Corps (USMC) units deployed in
Afghanistan and the way the Corps turn over to the Afghan forces the big responsibility
of taking care of that country. 1st Battalion, 2nd Marines (1/2), Combat Logistics
Battalion 1 (CLB1), and Marine Aircraft Group (MAG), were the last units being present
in that country. The author also indicates that British troops also left the country and
Camp Leatherneck, owned by the United States Government, and Camp Bastion, owned
by Great Britain was also turn over to the Afghan National Army (ANA). According to
this article, the Armed Forces gave away those installations, equipment, and several
building worth over $200 billion dollars, which is helping the ANA fight the terrorist
groups located in that area. A ceremony also took place in order to give special thanks to
the American troops for the work made in Afghanistan.

The sources main goal is to provide with up to date information in where the American
troops stand at during war, especially the Marine Corps. This information is provided by
the official Marine Corps newspaper, therefore generating a helpful and reliable
information about the topic. For the proposal of this assignment, the article is use to
effectively create a strong argument about how the U.S military made a strong change in
That country.

ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHIES

Horton, J. L., Phillips, C. J., White, M. R., LeardMann, C. A., & Crum-Cianflone, N. F. (2014).
Trends in New U.S. Marine Corps Accessions During the Recent Conflicts in Iraq and
Afghanistan. Military Medicine, 179(1), 62-70.
The article was a survey conducted in San Diego, California from 2001 to 2010, at
Marine Corps Recruit Depot (MCRD) where training is conducted for civilians that want
to join the Marine Corps, a three-months long training. This survey was to analyze male
recruits demographics, health issues, and behavior information. It is critical to find out
the answers and where the recruits stand at in order to identified in the future for posttraumatic stress disorder or suicide, which is very common in the United States military
in general. It was also important to know the reason for the male recruits to join the
Marine Corps, which were a few, for example the main answer to serve the country.
Weight and physical activity is very important prior and during the training due to the
hardness of it, health behaviors were also examined which included, alcohol use, cigarette
use, smokeless tobacco. It was crucial to identified male recruits that had childhood
experiences such as child abuse, in order to determine whether the male recruit had angry
outbursts frequently or not. The results were almost the same during 2001 to 2008, but in
2009 and 2010 those number declined and male recruits were less stress and more fitted
in order to be a Marine.

This source determines whether Marines are capable of going to the combat zones and
making the right choices at the time of a firefight in order not to kill innocent people or
their own Marines. The goal of this source is to analyze how a male recruit will react

ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHIES

during and after the recruit training. This source fist into the research to create a sense of
whether the Marine Corps is doing a good job outside its borders.

ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHIES

2nd Battalion, 7th Marines (n.d.). Marines. 2nd Battalion, 7th Marine Regiment. Retrieved
March 6, 2015 http://www.1stmardiv.marines.mil/Units/7THMARINEREGT/2ndBattalion.aspx
The main goal for this website is to inform the audience that has the capability to access
the internet, how 2nd, Battalion, 7th Marines (2/7) conducts business. It provides
important information of what specific tasks the whole battalion can complete without
issues. It is also the secondary battalion, of 7th Marine Regiment, which is conducted of
different battalion in order to create a greater and stronger force. The website shows
pictures about the training and combat situations this particular battalion has participated
on. It also gives detailed information about 2/7s long history since it activation in 1941,
and it shows a list of all the Marines that have given the ultimate sacrifice for this country
during Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) and Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF). Also, has
all the information required to contact this unit for any reason, and the names and picture
of 2/7 leaders along with their biographies to learn about the career those Marine have
done.

This information is provided by one official Marine Corps websites which helps the
audience locate the unit and give important information about its purposes while
deployed. The goal for this website is to inform the general public how to reach this unit
if it is deployed, due that family member use this website as a means of communication
with their loved ones. This website generates information about the Armed Forces, which
helps to start a good argument about the topic.

ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHIES

Gronroos, N. N., Zouris, J. M., & Wade, A. L. (2009). Odds of Hospitalization Among Marine
Corps Personnel by Military Occupational Specialty and Causative Agents During OEF and OIF.
Military Medicine, 174(7), 715-720.
The article was to determine what Military Occupational Specialty (MOS) was more
prominent to be in danger or to receive contact more often while patrolling. This study
was conducted while Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) and Operation Enduring Freedom
(OEF) were on going. Upper and lower extremities were the most common injuries while
these operations, while open wound occupying the second place on the list. It was crucial
for this study to know how many combat tours each Marine have had during their career,
how many times they been hospitalized in combat, and as well as ranks. Even though
there are many MOSs across the Marine Corps, and all Marines deploy at least once with
their first or second year of their four years enlistment, not all Marines suffered injuries
during combat tours. According to this study the main MOS with injuries is infantry,
which their main duty is to protect and engage the enemy, in order to keep peace in that
country.

The sources goal is different from the other studies made which makes this study useful
for this assignment. None of the other studies are equal in topic which makes this
assignment to give different prospective for this topic. This source helps the audience
know how many casualties are during combat and what MOS are more in danger.

ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHIES

Fragedakis, T. M., & Toriello, P. (2014). The Development and Experience of Combat-Related
PTSD: A Demand for Neurofeedback as an Effective Form of Treatment. Journal Of Counseling
& Development, 92(4), 481-488.
While combat deployment is being conducted the military member experiences several
events and more than likely it will include firefighting. Almost all the military members
that experience these events for example, the killing of a Marine or killing the enemy, or
just the sound of a firing rifle, is stressful. This creates combat-related Posttraumatic
Stress Disorder (PTSD) which for military members it is not a good experience and
almost all the members denied having this issues, because they are trained to be strong at
all times. Combat it is not always the case about PTSD, but it includes rape, natural
disasters, and physical assault. There have been many studies about this issue but the one
with most success that this study provides is neurofeedback which deals with
neurological reaction, physiological arousal, and emotional response.

The sources goal is to address the complication and issues military members have to deal
with when going to combat. This source is informative and reliable at the same time for
all the information and the references included.. This source can be added into the
discussion if it is necessary for our military member to go through this process for other
countries.

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Jaworski, R. L., Jensen, A., Niederberger, B., Congalton, R., & Kelly, K. R. (2015). Changes in
Combat Task Performance Under Increasing Loads in Active Duty Marines. Military Medicine,
179-168.
The article was a study to determine if the loads of the Marines gear compromise the
efficiency of the Marine at the time of conflict under attack. In order to get these results it
was created the Maneuver Under Fire (MANUF) which was almost identical to the
Combat Fitness Test (CFT) the Marine Corps conduct yearly to meet satisfactory
performance throughout the Marine Corps. This study consisted of sprints, crawls, body
drags, ammunition cans carry, and grenade toss. It is very important to determine whether
the Marines performance and the efficiency of hitting the target is compromised when
the individual is running back and forth. These studies targeted 28 male Marines with at
least one combat deployment and no muscular injuries prior to the test, the Marines had
some restrictions before every test day, such as, not drinking or smoking, and not
drinking more than 16 ounces of caffeine every morning. 18 out of 28 male Marines
required for this test did not complete the MANUF test due that every single Marine was
reporting an injury of some kind due to the heavy loads the individuals were carrying.

This sources goal is to let the audience gain knowledge of why most military members
have some kind of injury or sickness that are attain during their military careers. It is
compare to the other sources in a more in-depth study of how the military does not
always follows the rules and use their Marines or soldiers and it later creates injury

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problems to those individuals. This source helps understand how the military use all their
sources in order to be combat ready and gain the nations battles.