Question 1

2 out of 2 points

The table attached illustrates 100 observations of fuel consumption in miles

per gallon for a fleet of 100 cars. The average is:

Selected Answer:

19.718
Correct Answer:

19.718

Question 2
2 out of 2 points

Below are the total number of points scored by Chicago Bulls

players during the 1997-98 playoff and championship
series. What percentage of the 12 player playoff roster is
responsible for approximately 50% of the points scored?

Selected Answer:

2 players = 16.6%

Correct Answer:

2 players = 16.6%

Question 3
0 out of 2 points

What is the attached graph?

Selected Answer:

Control Limits graphs

Correct Answer:
Evaluation Method
Exact Match

Correct Answer

Case Sensitivity

X bar and R Chart

Question 4
2 out of 2 points

Referring to the graph of Question 2, what is UCL for X bar?

Selected Answer:

602.4

Correct Answer:
Evaluation Method

Correct Answer
602.4

Exact Match
Response Feedback:

Case Sensitivity

602.4

Question 5
2 out of 2 points

From the graph below you conclude that the process is

unstable because:

Selected Answer:

Showing signs of going out of control limits at 2 points

Correct Answer:
Evaluation Method

Correct Answer

Case Sensitivity

two of the points fall

outside the control
limits two of the points
fall outside the control
limits

Exact Match

Response Feedback:

two of the points fall outside the control

limits

Question 6
0 out of 2 points

Considering the chart below, what does point 7 indicate?

Selected Answer:

7 is in control limits for C

Correct Answer:
Evaluation Method

Exact Match

Correct Answer

Case Sensitivity

it means that point has

failed test seven
because Fifteen points
are in a row within 1
sigma of center line
(either side).

Question 7
2 out of 2 points

The occurrence of a pattern, in a control chart, suggests a ...........

............. for the variation that should be investigated.
Selected Answer:

Special Cause

Correct Answer:
Evaluation Method
Exact Match
Response Feedback:

Correct Answer

Case Sensitivity

special cause

special cause

Question 8
0 out of 2 points

Some Control Charts For Variables Are: Moving Range,

EWMA, X bar and S, and............
Selected Answer:

P Chart
Correct Answer:

Moving Average Chart

Question 9
2 out of 2 points

The data shown below are the times in minutes that

successive customers had to wait for service at an oil
change facility. Find the mean and standard deviation.

Selected Answer:

Mean=9.989 ST Dev.= 0.0918

Correct Answer:
Evaluation Method

Correct Answer
Mean = 9.9850;
Standard Deviation =
0.0918

Exact Match

Response Feedback:

Case Sensitivity

Mean = 9.9850; Standard Deviation =

0.0918

Question 10
2 out of 2 points

If the probability that any individual will react positively to a drug

is 0.8, what is the probability that 4 individuals will react
positively from a sample of 10 individuals?
Selected Answer:

0.005505
Correct Answer:

0.005505

Question 11
2 out of 2 points

Consider the formula below. Suppose the average number

of customers arriving at ATM during the lunch hour is 12
customers per hour. The probability of exactly two arrivals
during the lunch hour is:

Selected Answer:

0.0004 or 0.004%

Correct Answer:
Evaluation Method
Exact Match
Response Feedback:

Correct Answer

Case Sensitivity

0.00044

0.00044

Question 12
2 out of 2 points

Suppose the distribution of the customer demand is

NORMAL with a mean of 750 and standard deviation of
100. The probability that demand will exceed 900 is:
Selected Answer:

0.0668
Correct Answer:

0.0668

Question 13
0 out of 2 points

Below is a scatter plot of days absent versus age:

There appears to be a ......... relationship between days
absent and age.

Selected Answer:

curvilinear

Correct Answer:
Evaluation Method
Exact Match

Correct Answer

Case Sensitivity

a negative

Question 14
2 out of 2 points

Once the speculated causes of a given effect are

schematically laid out on a cause-and-effect diagram
(Ishikawa), the next step is to collect data so as to confirm
or refute speculated causes. So, the cause-and-effect
diagram can be thought of a tool to help develop ............
which is then followed up with data collection and ...........
testing.
Selected Answer:

Hypothesis; Hypothesis
Correct Answer:

Hypothesis; Hypothesis

Question 15
2 out of 2 points

You must make a decision regarding the procurement of

hydralic pumps. The graphs below are based on a
production run of 50 sequential observations from each
supplier (A & B). With which supplier(A or B)you will sign a
contract?

Selected
well A out of the 50 sequential observations has the least overall variations but
Answer: since oberservations are in order it reveals B is becoming more stable with
time/progression of observations, so I would pick B, (A looks to be trending up,
making me think ithe hydralic pumps will wear out quicker
Correct
Answer:
Evaluation Method

Case Sensitivity

Supplier B because its

process is stable around
the target value

Exact Match

Supplier B because its process is stable

around the target value

Response
Feedback:

Correct Answer

Question 16
2 out of 2 points

The geometric distribution describes the number of trials until a "SUCCESS" is

encountered. If the probability that an inspected item is defective is 0.02, what
is the probability of having to look at 15 items before encountering a defective
one?
Selected Answer:

0.01510
Correct Answer:

0.01510

Question 17
0 out of 2 points

A parmaceutical company tests 700 medication bottles for their

resistance to tampering. Eleven bottles were found to be prone to
tampering. Using a 99 percent confidence interval for the
population proportion of the bottles that are prone to tampering,
a 99 percent interval is:
Selected Answer:

0.0036 to 0.0576
Correct Answer:

0.0036 to 0.0278

Question 18
0 out of 2 points

A review of an emergency ambulance driver's records indicates

that the time taken for emergency call can be represented by a
normal distribution curve with a mean of 50 minutes and standard
deviation of 10 minutes. What proportion of the service calls
takes more than 30 minutes?
Selected Answer:

1.50000
Correct Answer:

0.9772

Question 19
2 out of 2 points

A review of an emergency ambulance driver's records

indicate that the time taken for emergency call can be
represented by a normal distribution curve with a mean of
50 minutes and standard deviation of 10 minutes. What
proportion of the service calls takes less than 30 minutes?
Selected Answer:

0.0228
Correct Answer:

0.0228

Question 20
0 out of 4 points

Considering the ANOVA printout below, calculate F Value

Selected Answer:

1.529

Correct Answer:
Evaluation Method
Exact Match

Correct Answer
F = 181.3

Case Sensitivity

Question 21
0 out of 4 points

The regression printout below indicates the global

temperature in 2000. Predict that in 100 years, will the
temperature increase or decrease?

Selected Answer:

it looks to me that that temperature will decrease

Correct Answer:
Evaluation Method
Exact Match

Correct Answer

Case Sensitivity

increase

Question 22
0 out of 4 points

Calculate the Chi Square in the table below:

Selected Answer:

3.76

Correct Answer:
Evaluation Method
Exact Match

Correct Answer

Case Sensitivity

3.739

Question 23
2 out of 2 points

Considering the print out below, write a prediction

equation.

Selected Answer:

y = 4.7693 + 0.014784 x
Correct Answer:

y = 4.7693 + 0.014784 x

Question 24
0 out of 2 points

Considering the print out below, if X changes from 100 to

1000, Y will change from ................. to................................

Selected Answer:

0.014784 - 14.784
Correct Answer:

6.2477 - 19.5533

Question 25
0 out of 2 points

Suppose you fit the model E(y) = b0 + b1x1 + b2x2 + b3x3 + b4x4) to a
set of n = 15 data points and found R2 (R square) = .74, SST (Total) =
1.690, and SSE = 0.439. Calculate the Variance (S square) and F statistics
for testing this model.
Selected Answer:

Variance = 0.115; F = 3.456

Correct Answer:

Variance = .0439; F = 7.115

Question 26
2 out of 2 points

Considering the measurements in Table below, calculate

the UCL for Means (X bar):

Selected Answer:

35.25
Correct Answer:

35.25

Question 27
2 out of 2 points

Considering the measurements in Table below, calculate

the UCL for Range:

Selected Answer:

16.43

Correct Answer:

16.43

Question 28
2 out of 2 points

.......... index uses both the average and standard deviation of the process
to determine if the process is capable of meeting the specification.
Selected Answer:

process capability

Correct Answer:
Evaluation Method
Exact Match

Correct Answer

Case Sensitivity

CPK

Question 29
2 out of 2 points

Forty-five measurements have been made on the length of

a part. The specification is bilateral with a requirement
of 4.500 0.010. The average (X bar) = 4.505, and the
standard deviation S = 0. 0011. Calculate the CPK:
Selected Answer:

1.52
Correct Answer:

1.52
Response
Feedback:

Question 30
2 out of 2 points

The average and standard deviation for 130

measurements are: Average = 6800, Standard Deviation
= 125, and LSL =7500. What is the Cpk? Is the process
capable?
Selected Answer:

-1.87; process incapable

Correct Answer:

-1.87; process incapable

Question 31
2 out of 2 points

A process with CPK value of 1.00 is considered to

be CAPABLE. Based on a table presented to you (process
capability PowerPoint), the CPK = 1.00, the DEFECTIVE rate
= 1/741. Which of the following statements is correct?:
Selected Answer:

This process tolerates 1350 defective parts per million

Correct Answer:

This process tolerates 1350 defective parts per million

Question 32
0 out of 2 points

The Standard Deviation () for the data in table below is:

Selected Answer:

3.588

Correct Answer:
Evaluation Method
Exact Match

Correct Answer

Case Sensitivity

1.75

Question 33
2 out of 2 points

Type I error occurs when based on your data you reject the
............. hypothesis when in fact it is true. The probability
of a type I error is the level of significance of the test of
hypothesis, and is denoted by ............

Selected
Answer:

null , "The significance level is the probability of making the wrong

decision when the null hypothesis is true"

Correct
Answer:
Evaluation Method
Exact Match

Correct Answer

Case Sensitivity

null; Alpha

Question 34
2 out of 2 points

A type II error occurs when you do not reject the null

hypothesis when it is in fact it is false. The probability of a
type-II error is denoted by ......
Selected Answer:

Beta
Correct Answer:

Beta

Question 35
2 out of 2 points

In the table below, the number 4.021 is represented by

stem of ..............and leaf of .................

Selected Answer:

stem 402 and leaf 1.

Correct Answer:

stem 402 and leaf 1.

Question 36
2 out of 2 points

Find the Chi Square Statistics for the table below:

Selected Answer:

3.489
Correct Answer:

3.489

Question 37
4 out of 4 points

Referring to Chi-Square Table Below, the chi-square (critical value) was found
from the table was found to be 12.592. If you test a hypothesis, which one of
the following statements is correct?

Selected
Answer:

Correct
Answer:

We cannot reject the null hypothesis because the Calculated

Chi Square is less than the value found from the table (critical
value).
We cannot reject the null hypothesis because the Calculated

Chi Square is less than the value found from the table (critical
value).

Question 38
6 out of 10 points

Discuss the Gauge and

Measurement System
Capability Studies including Basic Concepts of Gauge
Capability, and provide an examples according

accoring to your learning from Chapter 8 (in

approximately 100 words).
Selected
Answer:

1) "Determinie how much of the variability is the gauge"

2) "Isolate those components of variability in the measuring system"
3) "Assess the capability of the instrument or gauge"
4) "DMAIC problem sovling"
5)"Utilize repeat and reproducibility"
6) "check stability of different levels of varibility"
Minitab has a template for Gage R & R Study, i have not been able to open
the GAGE1A.MTW file but it looks to do a good job was reading about it here:
http://realleansixsigmaquality.com/cms/images/ch7svol1.pdf

Correct
Answer:
Response
Feedback:

page 368 of the 6th edition.

[None Given]

Question 39
4 out of 4 points

Calculate the Critical Chi Square of the data in Table below

with Alpha = 0.05

Selected Answer:

12.592
Correct Answer:

12.592

Question 40
8 out of 10 points

What is DMAIC, and explain five STEPS of

the DMAIC process (in approximately 100
words).
Selected
Answer:

DMAIC is an effective foundation for improving processes. DMAIC Stands

for: Define,Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control.
1) Define- Define the problem,make improvements, establish goal of
project, goals & requirements
2) Measure- measure the various processes
3) Analyze- Process to determine:causes,variations and performances.
4) Improve- by making changes/adjustments to the process
5) Control- maintain a accepted level of performance/stability and future
protocals

Correct
Answer:

pages 46-54 of 6th edition

Response
Feedback:

[None Given]

Question 41
8 out of 10 points

Explain and discuss the Healthcare

Application of Control Charts.
Selecte hymm well after doing some reading the healthcare system uses statistics a lot.
d
One thing I see in particular is They are using Run Charts
Answer: "Run charts allow us to understand objectively if the changes we make to a

process or system over time lead to improvements and do so with minimal

mathematical complexity. This method of analyzing and reporting data is of
greater value to improvement projects and teams than traditional aggregate
summary statistics that ignore time order. Because of its utility and simplicity,
the run chart has wide potential application in healthcare for practitioners and
decision-makers. Run charts also provide the foundation for more sophisticated
methods of analysis and learning such as Shewhart (control) charts and planned
experimentation"
Resource:
The run chart: a simple analytical tool for learning from variation in healthcare
processes
by 5 BMJ Qual Saf 2011 20: 46-51 Rocco J Perla, Lloyd P Provost and Sandy K
Murray

https://pediatrics.med.unc.edu/about/quality/documents/The%20run
%20chart%20-%20a%20simple%20analytical%20tool.pdf
Correct
Answer: page 482 6th edition.
Respon [None Given]
se
Feedba

ck:

Question 42
10 out of 10 points

Explain the Shewhart Cycle in

approximately 100 words.
Selected
Answer:

"Deming was widely credited with leading the quality revolution in Japan in the
1950's, and worked with American businesses inthe 1980s, One of the
principle components of his approach is the change methodology that he
named after another 'guru', Walter Shewhart, This approach has four steps:
1) Plan -decide on desirable changes and evaluate existing data, and consider
if new information is required.
2) Do- make changes decided upon, perferably in small, experimental way.
3) Check- evaluate the effects of the experiment
4) Act- implement the required changes.
This represented a cycle, intended as a means of accumulating knowlege."
http://www.twi-global.com/technical-knowlege/faqs/environment-faqs/what-is-demingsshewhart-cycle/

Correct
Answer:

page 21

Response [None Given]

Feedback:

Question 43
10 out of 10 points

List and briefly explain 7 major tools of SPC

in approximately 100 words.
Selected
Answer:

1) Check sheet- list all neccessary items and their status

2) Stratification- Group data by stratification variables (tabes, data,counts
etc)
3) Scatter Diagram- explain the realtionships with scatter diagrams
4) Histogram-reveals overall picture of process

5) Pareto Chart- can reveal board causes by looking at specific components

6) Control Chart comparing lines, reveals process variation, limits in control
or not
7) Cause and effect diagram- can be used to structure a brainstorming
session,

Correct
Answer:

Response
Feedback:

page 180 - Time series, control charts, histograms, pareto diagrams, scatter
diagrams, cause and effect charts, defect concentration diagram, and
checksheets.
[None Given]

Question 44
8 out of 10 points

Describe the Delphi Method and its advantages and

drawbacks in Group-Based problem solving (in 100 words).
Selected The Delphi Method begins with the development of a set of open-ended
Answer: questions on a specific issue. These questions are then distributed to various

experts. The responses to these questions are summarized and a second set
of questions that seek to clarify areas of agreement and disagreement is
formulated and distributed to the same group of experts.
Advantages:
Is conducted in writing and does not require face-to-face meetings:
Helps keep attention directly on the issue:
Allows a number of experts to be called upon to provide a broad range of
views, on which to base analysistwo heads are better than one:
Is inexpensive.
Disadvantages:
Information comes from a selected group of people and may not be
representative;
Tendency to eliminate extreme positions and force a middle-of-the-road
consensus;
More time-consuming than group process methods;
Requires skill in written communication;

Requires adequate time and participant commitment.

Correct
Answer:

The Delphi method requires 4 rounds and the questions posed to

the group must be quantitative in nature. This method allows for
anonymity among members and also allows the members to
present their thoughts to the group. They also have the ability to
provide feedback to other thoughts. To start with the questions
are posed to the group and responses are made in writing and
presented to the group monitor. The responses are gathered and
analyzed and the following information is presented to the group:
minimum response, maximum response, first quartile, second
quartile, third quartile, interquartile range, and the mode. The
monitor then asks the same questions again and the members
respond in writing as before. The member must also provide a
brief explanation if their response is outside the interquartile
range. The responses are again gathered by the monitored and
compiled presenting the same set of statistics as round one to
the group. The monitor also presents any explanations of extreme
views. Round three now begins. The monitor poses the same
questions again and requests a response from the members. The
difference this time is that any member providing a response
inside the interquartile range from round two must provide a brief
explanation for their response. The responses are again in
writing. The monitor collects the responses, compiles the
statistics and provides them to the group members. The monitor
also presents the reasons provided by the members to the group.

Round 4 begins. The same questions are posed again and a final
written response is required. These estimates are the final
determination of the group. Responses are gathered and
statistics presented to the group. This time no explanations are
required. The Delphi method is good because it allows members
to adapt their estimates based on the responses given by the
other members. There is also anonymity which allows everyone
to participate without worrying about being ridiculed or pointed
out in the group. This anonymity is also a drawback and this
method also does not promote team building as some of the
other group methods do. Delphi method usage is also not an
exact science and should be considered as an estimate used to
corroborate other methods.
Response [None Given]
Feedback
:

Question 45
10 out of 10 points

Consider the data on compressive

strength of concrete blocks in units of 100
lb per square inch. Calculate the mean, median,
and the standard deviation. You may use Minitab to save
time in calculations.

Selected
Answer:

Correct
Answer:

Mean= 45.507
Median= 45.500
St Dev.=7.674

The mean for this set of values is

45.507, the median is 45.500 and the
standard deviation is 7.674.

Response
Feedback:

[None Given]

Question 46
6 out of 10 points

The data set given below lists the annual

1996 salary (in $1000) and the educational
background for a sample of 25 employee at
a large manufacturing company.
Educational background is measured by the
number of years formal schooling (12 refers
to a high school graduate; 16 refers to a
college graduate; 17 through 20 refer to
college degree plus the number of years of
graduate work). Calculate the correlation
coefficient (you may construct a scatter
diagram) and explain what it means.

Selected Correlation: Education, Salary

Answer: Pearson correlation of education and salary = 0.898

P-Value = 0.000
pc problems are not allowing me to paste in the minitab Scatter diagram so I
will email it to the instructor and label it final exam question 46 scatter chart

Chart reveals as education goes up so does salary

Correct

Answer:

The correlation coefficient is +0.898. It

indicates that there is a strong
association between education and
Salary. The positive coefficient
suggests that has education increases
salary will also increase.

Response [None Given]

Feedback
:

Question 47
10 out of 10 points

Discuss the difference between Discrete

and Continuous Variables (Distributions).
Provide examples.
Selected
Answer:

"

Discrete vs. Continuous Variables

If a variable can take on any value between two specified values, it is called
a continuous variable; otherwise, it is called a discrete variable.
Some examples will clarify the difference between discrete and continuous
variables.
Suppose the fire department mandates that all fire fighters must
weigh between 150 and 250 pounds. The weight of a fire fighter would be an
example of a continuous variable; since a fire fighter's weight could take on
any value between 150 and 250 pounds.
Suppose we flip a coin and count the number of heads. The
number of heads could be any integer value between 0 and plus infinity.
However, it could not be any number between 0 and plus infinity. We could
not, for example, get 2.5 heads. Therefore, the number of heads must be a
discrete variable."
resource:
http://stattrek.com/probability-distributions/discrete-continuous.aspx
Correct
Answer:

page 73

Response [None Given]

Feedback
:

Question 48

4 out of 8 points

The table below shows the results of hardness determinations on 25

samples of four titanium buttons, the samples being drawn at regular
intervals from a chemical process. Find the following:
1. Standard Deviation
2. X bar bar
3. UCL
4. LCL

Selected
Answer:

Descriptive Statistics: OB1, OB2, OB3, OB4

Variable N N* Mean SE Mean StDev Variance CoefVar Minimum

Q1 Median
Q3
OB1
25 0 122.55
4.11 20.53 421.50 16.75 25.20 124.00
126.40 129.30
OB2
25 0 127.20 0.787 3.93
15.47
3.09 122.60 123.80
127.00 129.60
OB3
25 0 127.10 0.715 3.58
12.79
2.81 122.20 124.30

127.00 128.90
OB4
25 0 127.04
126.40 128.90

0.970 4.85

23.50

3.82 121.00 123.40

UCL=134.00
LCL=117.94
Chart is emailed it will not copy

Correct
Answer:

Response
Feedback:

Standard Deviation = 3.126

X bar Bar = 127.0
LCL = 121.91
UCL = 132.09
[None Given]

Question 49

6 out of 6 points

Compute the mean and the standard deviation of the

following distribution:

Selected
Answer:

Correct
Answer:

Response
Feedback:

mean = 1
ST Dev=1

Mean = = x f (x)
= (0) (0.4) + (1) (0.3) + (2) (0.2) + (3)
(0.1)
= 0.3 + 0.4 + 0.3 = 1.0
Variance = = (x-) f (x)
= (0-1) (0.4) + (1 1) (0.3) + (21) (0.2) + (3-1) (0.1) = 1.0
Std dev = = square root of 1.0 = 1.0
[None Given]

Question 50
1 out of 10 points

A rental car company wants to investigate whether the type of car rented
affects the length of the rental period. An experiment is run for one week at a
particular location, and 10 rental contracts are selected at random for each car
type. The results are shown in the following table.
Type of Car Observations
Subcompact
4 6 4
8
7
6 4 3 2 7
Compact
2 4 5
8
6
7 4 3 2 8
Midsize
5 2 4
6
8
2 3 5 3 8
Full Size
4 6 8
6
11
4 5 8 3 8
Is there evidence to support a claim that the type of car rented affects the
length of the rental contract? Use =0.05. Solve this problem using Minitab.
Selecte Descriptive Statistics: Full size, MIdsize, Compact, Sub-compact
d
Answer
:

Variable
N N* Mean SE Mean StDev Minimum
Q1 Median
Q3
Maximum
Full size 10 0 6.300 0.775 2.452 3.000 4.000 6.000 8.000 11.000
MIdsize
10 0 4.600 0.702 2.221 2.000 2.750 4.500 6.500 8.000
Compact
10 0 4.900 0.722 2.283 2.000 2.750 4.500 7.250 8.000
Sub-compact 10 0 5.100 0.623 1.969 2.000 3.750 5.000 7.000 8.000

Correct
Answer
:

Step 1: Formulating Hypothesis

H0: The type of car does not affect the length of rental
period.
Ha: The type of car affects the length of rental period.
Step 2: Enter Data in Minitab- Data of each Row should be
entered in a Column in Minitab. Then click on Stat>
ANOVA> One Way ANOVA
The following results are from Minitab:
One-way ANOVA: sub-compact, compact, midsize, full size
Source DF
SS
MS
Factor 3
16.67 5.56
Error 36 180.30 5.01
Total 39 196.98

F
1.11

P
0.358

Step 3: Rejection Area

Reject the null hypothesis if P-value is smaller than .
In this problem: P-value= 0.358 which is bigger than

=0.05. Thus, we cannot reject the null hypothesis. So, we

conclude that the type of car does not affect the length of
rental period.