1) Regarding antibodies,

1.It is Y shaped.
2.Have 2 polypeptide chains.
3.Constant region are same in all classes.
4.Antigen-binding sites are variable regions.
5.Mainly formed by mucopolysaccharides.
2) Regarding the lymphatic tissue,
1.Begin to develop by the end of third week.
2.Lymphatic sac develops from venous system.
3.Cisterna chyli forms the superior portion of the thoracic duct.
4.Lymphatic vessels are develop from mesoderm.
5.Spleen develops from the third pharangeal pouch.
3) Regarding cytokines,
1.Interleukin-1 proliferate the cytotoxic T cells.
2.Interleukin-2 is the T cell growth factor.
3.Granulysin fragments the DNA.
4.Interleukin-4 is the costimulator for B cell.
5.Interferons are released by released by viral infected cells.
4) Regarding lymphatic capillaries,
1.Are microscopic structures closed at one end.
2.Lacteals are specialised lymphatic capillaries found in stomach.
3.Are larger in diameter than blood capillaries.
4.Have biway valves.
5.Are attached with reticular fibers.
5) Regarding thymus,
1.It is a bilobed organ.
2.Is increased in size in childhood.
3.Three efferent vessels arise from thymus.
4.Maturation of T lymphocytes need thymocine hormone.
5.High mature B lymphocytes are present in medulla.
6.First line of defence
1.Interferons
2.Lysozyme
3.Transferrins
4.Granzymes
5.Mucus
7) Regarding Cytotoxic cell,
1.Arise from CD4 cells.
2.Effective againist extra cellular pathogens.
8) Regarding AIDS,
1.Caused by HIV.
2.It is transmitted by exchange of blood and other body fluids between people.
3.It is observed in both homo and hetero sexual intercourse.
4.Widely used diagnosis of AIDS is detecting antibodies to HIV antigen in blood.
5.Characterized by helper T cell count less than 200 cells per microliter.
9) Principle immunoglobulin in secretion such as milk,
1.IgA
2.IgM
3.IgG
4.IgE
5.IgD
10) Complement system acts with the,
1.Antibodies via C8,C9 protein.
2.Antibodies by cytolysis via perforins.
3................... with opsonization
11) Complement,
1.Attraction of neutrophills take place.
2.Bacterolysis is produce in the absence of the antigen.
3.Serum protein increases during the infection period.
4.Opsonization
5.Recognization of antigen by T cell.
!2) Unable to synthesize protein J of immunoglobulin can lead to infection of
1.Blood
2.Brain
3.Liver
4.Pancrease
5.Intestine