PH-MEASUREMENT

BY MAHITHA

PH-MEASUREMENT

What is pH?
It measures the acidity or alkalinity in a
solution.
pH is a measurement of hydrogen ion
concentration
Acid - increases the hydrogen ion (H+)
concentration in a solution
Base - increases the hydroxide ion (OH -)
concentration in a solution

What is pH?
pH is defined as the negative log of the molar
concentration of dissolved hydrogen ions in
aqueous solution

pH = - log [H+]
pH Scale
Acid

Base

7
Neutral

14

p H Applications
pH monitoring is essential to many applications
Change in the chemical nature of a system will
often be reflected by a change in pH
pH monitoring is essential to many applications
Processes affected by pH
Metal and gas solubility
Corrosivity

p H Applications
Drinking water
Wastewater
Industrial water
Environmental analysis
Coagulation and flocculation
Biological activity

HOW TO MEASURE p H?
pH
pH Indicator

Colorimetric Method

Ex: pH Paper ,

Color Comparison

Indicator etc.,

Ex: Color Discs or

Electro Chemical
Method
Ex: pH Meter

chart

p H Indicator Paper
- Paper strip chemically coated.
- Changes color according to
acid or alkaline conditions

Usage:
Soak in solution for as long as recommended
Compare results with reference chart.

p H Color Comparator
Fill two cells with sample
Add pH buffer/reagent to one sample
cell
Insert both the cells in comparator box

Rotate the disc to obtain color match

Read the pH through the scale window.

Electro Chemical Method

Electro Chemical Method

The most accurate pH measurement
Method.

Electro chemical measurement consists:

i) pH measuring Probe .
ii) Electronic Instrument to display the measured
pH values.

pH Measuring Probe
Types:
i) Combined pH electrode
ii) Half cell Glass electrode
iii) Reference Electrode
iv) Combined pH electrode with in built temperature
sensor

METER

Half Cell pH Electrode

Reference
Half-Cell

Ion Sensing
Half-Cell
Ag/AgCl
Wire

Internal Filling
Solution

Referenc
Electroly

Salt Brid
Junction

Combined pH Electrode

Calibration
A calibration curve allows the meter to
convert a measured millivolt potential into
a pH reading.
mV

pH

Measurement - Special Considerations

Low ionic strength
solutions
Absorption of atmospheric
carbon dioxide is a major
source of drift
Low ionic strength sample
chamber
Condition electrode in a
solution of comparable
ionic strength before use