rest cone 02112010 TP 2012152 - MAY/IUNE 2012 CARIBBEAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL ADVANCED PROFICIENCY EXAMINATION cueMistRY- UNIT 1 Paper 01 90 minutes 17 MAY 2012 (a.m) READ THE FOLLO\ (G INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY. |. This test consists of 45 items. You will have 90 minutes to answer them. 2. In addition to this test booklet, you should have an answer sheet and a Data Booklet. 3. Each item in this test has four suggested answers lettered (A), (B), (C), (D). Read each item you are about to answer and decide which choice is best. + On your answer sheet, find the number which corresponds to your item and shade the space having the same letter as the answer you have chosen. Look at the sample item below. ‘Sample Item Which of the following is the HIGHEST energy transition in an organic compound? (A) atoot Sample Answer (@) none © otoor @®eoO (DB) xtone The best answer to this item is “o to 6*”, so answer space (C) has been shaded, 5. IF you want to change your answer, erase it completely before you fill in your new choice, 6. When you are told to begin, tum the page and work as quickly and as carefully as you can. If ‘you cannot answer an item, go on to the next one, You may retum to this item later. Your score will be the total number of correct answers. 7. You may do any rough work in this booklet. 8, Figures are not necessarily drawn to scale. 9. You may use a silent, non-programmable calculutor to answer items. DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO. UT EAE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO. Copyright © 2010 Caribbean Examinations Council ce teane-2f Items 1-2 refer to the following half-lives of four radioactive isotopes: A, B, C and D. (A) 15 hours (B) 0.16 years (©) 5.7.x 10? years (D) 14x 10" years Which isotope is BEST suited for use asa tracer in medicine? 4 in dating the age of the earth? D Item 3 refers to the following mass speetrum of chlorine gas. A wo 35 4S DSSS O75 8O me If the peak at A represents the **CI ion, which of the following ions represent the peaks at B and E respectively? @ rer and ect -F cry” ®) “Ch and(" cl cy (© "Cr and *C1- C1" ©) *CFand C1 "C1 GO ON T6 THE NEXT PAGEArr bond results from the overlapping of 1. (A) twos orbitals (B) ones orbital and one p orbital (©) twop orbitals end-on two p orbitals sideways "Yellow metal’ is a type of alloy (brass) used to make omaments. It contains 60% copper and 40% zinc by mass. What is 8 the number of moles of zine atoms in 260 grams of this alloy? 4g, x29 16 a @®) 24 oe (32 @) 40 Item 6 refers to the following diagram of water molecule showing the angle X in degrees. The value of X is @® is (B) 109.5, (c) 120 ©) 10 10. The bond angles in the PH, molecule are the same as that of NCI,. The shape of the PH, molecule is BEST described as (A) _ bipyramidal pyramidal (C) tetrahedral (D) trigonal The equation forthe reaction of magnesium with hydrochloric acid is Mg + 2H" Mg +H, ‘The molar volume of a gas at rp is 24 dm’ The volume of gas produced at rtp when 1.2 g of Mg reacts with hydrochloric acid is 12d ®) 24d © 20m ©) 240dm Which of the following solids has a giant ‘molecular lattice? (A) Copper Na’(g) + Crig); AH = +787 kd moh I, Average kinetic energy of the ‘molecules is proportional to the Na’ (g) + water -> Na'(aq); AH = ~ 406 ki mot" Bbskte eaapeanae! IHL, Volume of molecules is negligible / Cl (g) + water > Cl(aq); AH =~377 ki mot ‘compared to that of the container. (A) Land Ui only 14. Which isthe correct value for the enthalpy (B) Land Ill only of solution? © Wand It only ©) Lend ur (A) -1570 kb mot B) 4k mot" © +4k mol" 16. ‘The activation energy of a reaction. () #1570kF mot z | ((A) can only be altered by acatalysty {B) _ isanenergy barrier to the reaction (©) is unaffected by temperatures (D)_ reduces the speed of the reactant Fee — molecules {cm 17 refers to the following table which shows the rate results for the reaction A+ B + C. Experiment | [A] TB] __ | Rate of Reaction (mol dm} | (mol dm) | (mol ams") i 0.10) 0.10 0.0032, 2 0.10 0.20 0.0032, a 020 0.20 0.0064 17, What is the overall order of the reaction? (A) Zero @) First (©) Second (D) Third GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE18. 19. 20. Using standard electrode potentials, which of the following reactions would be MOST feasible? @ 2015) + Cu*(aq) + Zn*(ag) +CuG) (B)_Za(s) + Pb (aq) —+ Zn (a9) + PO(S) (©) Pots) +Zn* (aq) —+ PO(ag) + Zn(5) (D) Cals) + Zn (aq) + Cu*(aq) + Zn's) Which of the following statements docs NOT refer to a system in dynamic equilibrium? (A) The reaction is reversible. (B) The amounts of all the species in the system remain constant. (© The concentrations of al reactants ‘ and products are equal. (D)__Therate of the forward reaction is equal tothe rate ofthe backward reaction. ‘The value of K, for the equilibrium Ha) ~ 1g) = 2 HIfg) is 860 at 25 °C. What is the value of K, at 25 °C for the equilibrium below? FHW+ Fh) — Hila) (A) 00034 ey 2 © 430 (D) 1720 21. In the Haber process, N,(g)+ 3H,(g)-== 2NH, (g), 4H = -90 kT mol 24, The MAXIMUM yield of ammonia is obtained at (A) high temperature and low pressure @ high temperature and high pressure ow temperature and high pressure (D) low temperature and low pressure ‘As temperature increases, reaction rate increases because (A) activiation energy is lowered (B) reactant molecules collide less frequently ¢ © reactant molecules collide with (D) reactant molecules collide less’ frequently with greater energy ‘The pH of 0.03 mol dm HC! solution is (A) 052 152 (©) 3.00 (DP) 351 ‘The solubility product of BaSO, at 25 °C is | x 10" moF dm. The number of moles of BaSO, that will dissolve in 1 dm’ of water to form a saturated solution is @ ixio (B) 2x 10° © 1x10” (b) 2x10" GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE28, 6, 21. 28. A buffer is made by dissolving 28.8 g of sodium benzoate, C,H,COONa, in | dm’ of 0.4 mol dm” benzoic acid, C,H,COOH. K geonensg) = 64% 10° mol div”, The pH of the butter is @ 23 @ 39 © 42 (D) 50 Which of the following changes occurs when 1 cm? of dilute HC! is added to an alkaline buffer? Ap) Ye pA increases drasheaty (B) The pH decreases drastically. (© The pH alters slighty. (D) The pH remains the same. ‘Barium carbonate is more soluble in water than in aqueous sodium carbonate because (A) all barium salts are insoluble (B) barium ions cannot displace sodium fons (C) sodium carbonate is ionic but barium carbonate is not ® _s common jon effects preseot in the BaCO,/Na,CO, mixture ‘tem 28 refers to the cell represented below. Ni(s)] Ni*"(aq) Po*(aq)} Pb(s) In the cell represented above, oxidation is likely to occur at the @® Nianode (B) Ni cathode (C) — Pbanode (D) — Pbeathode 29. 30, 31. What is the potential for a cell with the following reaction? Zn(s) + Br,(aq) > Zn (aq) + 2BF(aq) A) [107+ C0761 (B) £1.07 +C0.76H)V © —107-C0.76)V ® [107-Co7mv tem 30 refers o thecell represented below, Zn(s) | Zn** (ag) || Cu (ag) | Cu(s) Which of the following will cause an “nerease in cel potential? (A) Adding NaOH to Cu® solution and increasing the concentration of Zn ions (B) Decreasing concentration of Cu ions only © _ Decreasing concentration of Zn (aq) ions and increasing ‘concentration of Cu” (aq) ions (D) Increasing concentration of Zn" ions only Which element burs in oxygen to form an amphoteric oxide? @® Aluminium (B) Magnesium (©) Sodium (D) Sulphur GO ON TOTHE NEXT PAGE -32, Silicon carbide has a structure similar to that of diamond. What are the advantages derived from using silicon carbide ceramics ‘when compared with steel? 1. Silicon carbide is less likely to deform under compression. II. Silicon carbide has @ higher melting point. IIL. Silicon carbide is more resistant to ‘oxidation. (A) Land tonly (B) Land only (© Wand i only @ 1,Mand 33. Which of the following statements represents the trend in physical properties of the halogens as the Group is descended? @ _ Electronegativity decreases and colour deepens. (B) _Electronegativity and volatility increase, (© There is a corresponding deerease in density as states change from 0 to liquid to solid. (D) Volatility and atomicradit merease Calcium carbonate decomposes at a lower temperature than barium carbonate because (A) calcium oxide is less stable than barium oxide (B) the calcium ion is larger than the barium ion (© thelattice energy of calcium oxide is larger than that of barium oxide @)__ the standard enthalpy of formation of calcium oxide is less negative than that of barium oxide > ass sk 35. 36. 37. 38. Which of the following statements about ‘oxides of the elements of Period 3, sodium to chlorine, is NOT true? (A) Across the period, the oxides ‘change from basic to amphoteric to acidic character. ©) _—_ The oxides react with water to form alkaline solutions. (© The oxidation number of the ‘element in the oxide increases ‘across the period (D)__ The structure of the oxides change from giant ionic to simple covalent molecules. ‘The high melting point of graphite can be attributed to the (A) delocalised electrons (B) hexagonal arrangement of the carbon atoms © _ strong covalent bonds within the layers (@D) vender Waals’ forces between the layers “When AgNO, (aq) is added to fluoride ions followed by NH,(aq) the result is (A) yellow silver fluoride @)_ noprecipitate (©) white silver fluoride (D) cream-coloured ammonium fluoride Based on its position in Group VIL of the periodic table, astatine, at room temperature and pressure, is MOST likely @ ® slid (B) liquid (C) brown gas (D) colourless gas GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE5 Which of the following hydrogen halides is the MOST stable? Hydrogen Halide |” Bond Energy (A) 299 @B) 366 © 431 362 Anew element is discovered by a group of scientists. The clement displays magnetic ropertics, alters the rate of a reeetion and forms complex compounds. The element MOST likely belongs to the (A) alkali metals (B) alkaline earth metals halogens S Copper(Il) sulphate, gives transition elements @ a deep blue solution with excess NE(aq) Gi) yellow-green solution with excess concentrated HCI. Which of the following can be deduced from these observations? 1 The complex ion [Cu(NH,),] is formed in (i), T, — (Cu(NH,) has a higher stability ‘constant than [Cu(H,O),*. TH. [CuCl has a lower stability constant than [Cu(H,0), P* Land I only (B) — Tand IL only (©) Wand Ill only @) [Wand tir a2, a. ‘The equation for the reaction between chlorine and cold dilute aqueous sodium hydroxide is as follows: L(g) + 2NaOH(aq) —+ NaCl(ag) + NaClO(aq) + H,0() This reaction can BEST be described as an example of (A) decomposition (B) displacement Mg” (aq)~H(8) ‘The molar volume ofa gas atnt.p.= 24 dm? The volume of gas produced when 1.2.g of ‘Mg reacts at room temperature and pressure is GY 124m B) 24m © 120dm ©) 240dm % Which of the following is TRUE about 5 dm’ of hydrogen and 5 dm’ of oxygen at 0°C and 101 kPa? ' (A) They react to produce $ dm? of water. They possess the same amount of kinetic energy. (©) They contain the same number of moiecuies (D) They react completely with cach other. m1 IMAWA_E IAN 10. Tn the following redox reactions involving chromium compounds, what is the oxidation ‘number of chromium in EACH compound? NeOH dilute Cr,0, —> Nac, — c,0- and water HO, C0, | NaC, | cnoF af 3 +6 +6 ® | 8 6 +6 rol, +6 +6 @ [3 76 6 ‘When 86 g of the ionic salt, CaSO,.xH1,0, is heated so that all fits water of crystallisation is driven offand 68.0 g of CaSO, remain, the value of xis ei Co-oF ase © 3 7 pace ) 4 a ‘ GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGEaa 11, Which of the following does NOT represent a balanced redox equation? (A) Zn(3) + 2HCI (aq) > ZnCl (aq) H,(8) (B) MnO, (aq) + $Fe™(ag) + 8H" Mni"(aq)+ SFe™ (ag)* 4H,00) (©) SOfg) ~ Br) + 24,01) — 48 (ag) + $02 (aq) + 2Br (aa) ©) Sn(s)+ HNO, (aq) + SnO,(s) + NO, (g) + H,O(0) ays Which of the following gases will behave MOST ideally? 7 (A) Ammonia BY Helium ©) Methane (D) Oxygen 13. Which of the following diagrams BEST represents the energy changes for an exothermic react that proceeds in two stages? (a) @) Energy Energy Time Products have lem ence @) Energy Time GO ON TO THE NEXT PA‘ 02112010/CAPF.2011eso 14. The second ionisation energy of calcium is 1150 kJ mol. Which of the following equations represents this statement? 15 mol! i Y (A) Calgy-r Ca (g)+2e° AH = +1150 J Ca) CaP re AH = +1150 © Ce @)+Cer te —aH=-1150 (D) Cals) > Ca(g) +2 AH= +1150 Item 15 refers to the following standard enthalpy of combustion for carbon, hydrogen and octane. AME ki mor" Carbon 394 Hydrogen 286 Octane S476 15, The standard enthalpy of formation, AH , of octane is calculated as (A) AHS (octane) = —8 (-394) — 9(-286)~ 3476 kJ mol (B) AH (octane) — -8 (394) -9( 286) -(-5476)M mol! GF AL octane) = 8 (394) + {— 286) ~(~5476) kd mol" {D) AH 4 (octane) ~ 8 (394) 9( ~ 286) ~$476 kJ mol ~ y Reverse enthaepy of Octane GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE, 2117010174 PR IONItem 16 refers to the following graphs for the reaction between reactants P, Q and R. P+Q=R- Products TF iF 16. The rate equation is (A) Rate =k (PQ) ® — Rete=k (P}QP (©) Rate =k (P] [Q] [R} (D) — Rae=k[P}[QF IR) Rate a nN Rate > TR ‘em 17 refers tothe following table. The reaction X — Y yields the following rate data Time(s) IX} (mol dev) 0.0 0.20 50 O14 10.0 0.10 15.0 0.071 20.0 0.050. 17. The reaction is first order in [X]. What is the rate constant? {A) 0.030 5" ant (B) 0.0695 oa (©) 14.005" {D) 046s! 02112010/CAPE 2011 GO ON TO THE NEXT PAG:ie {tem 18 refers to the diagrams below which show the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution. Ty i mii wr a O iF 2 3 4 4 li g i i E 7 s i i Z Z ‘Kinetic energy Kinetic energy a Tt @) Ty i 3 i i Kinetic energy > Kinetic energy 18, Which of the diagrams above represents the effect of an increase in temperature from 70 °C (T,) to 80°C (I)? 19. Which of the following statement(s) about 20. Which of the following statements does a catalyst is (are) true? NOT refer to a system in dynamic equilib- rium? 1. Itinereases the equilibrium constant for the forward reaction only. (A) The reaction is reversible. IL, Ttinereases the equilibrium constant (B) The amounts ofall the species in the for both the forward and backward system remain constant. reactions. ©The concentrations of all reactants TI Tt has no effect on the position of "and products are equal. equilibrium. (D) The rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of the backward (A) Tonly reaction, only (© Land monly (D) Mand ul only GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE 12010/CAPE 201121, 22, 23 Equilibrium is established in the reaction X (aq) + (ag) —=* Z (ag). Ifthe equilibrium cone~ trations are [X]=0.2 mol dm, [Y] = 0.3 mol deh and [Z] = 0.6 mol dm”, which of the following the value of the equilibrium constant K,? ‘ (A) 0.1 mol dm? B) 0.1 mol! dm? (©) 10.0 mol dm @ 10.0 mol" dn’ Baking soda decomposes when heated according to the equation 2 NaHCO, (s) == Na,CO, (s) + H,0(g) + CO, (). 1f 100 g of baking soda is heated to 363 K,, the total pressure of the gases is 55.23 kPa, What is the value of K, at 363 K? (A 1105 ®) 165.7 © 7626 (D) 3050 In pure ethanol, (C,H,OH), the following equilibrium can exist with ammonium ions NH,'+ C,H,OH —= NU, +C,H,0H,* Which of the following combinations describes the function of NH," and C,H,OH accordipg to Briinsted-Lowry theory? NH, HOH @® acia Base ®) Base Acid (©) Conjugate acid Base (D) Acid Conjugate base GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE 02112010/CAPR.2011“9. ‘What isa suitable indicator forthe titration of 0.10 mol dar” acetic acid with 0.10 mol dir? aqueous ? ammonia? a Both ere weak 4 i (A) Bromothymol blue (pH range 6.0- 7.6) abi Ad centor (B) Methyl orange (pH range 3.2 - 4.2) (C)_Phenolphthalein (pH range 8,2 - 10.0) There is no suitable indicator, ‘Which ofthe following grapits shows the change in pH when 0.1 mol dra HCI (aq) is gradually added to 20 em? of 0.1 mol dm? NaOH (aq)? + shang acta + Strong alias” pH y I PH uh mS prea act + Strong afkeal* oy ©7 0 2 ree fa x — Volume of acid (em Volume of acid (em) pi, - @) 7 7 0 rly ome o 20 a Volume of acid (em) Volume of acid (em) peak act > wrar athal: y bate y atkate + sk GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE 12010/CAPE 201126. Which expression represents the solubility product of iron (113) hydroxide? @® treryjouy Ne [Fe fou? ‘(Fe ouy ae {Fe(OH), | (© =~ [Fe] BOH-F () [Fe BON} ems 27 - 28 refer to the following sets of options. indicator pH of change Colour Change Acid —> Alkali (A) Methy! orange 35 red > yellow (B) Litmus 60 red blue (©) Bromothymol blue 10 yellow —> blue (BD) Phenoiphthatein 95 colourless —> pink Which is the equivalence point indicator for titrating a 27. strong acid against a strong base? 4% D 28. weak acid against a strong base?/>) 29. Using standard electrode potentials, which of the following reactions would be MOST fe @ (B) (©) ©) Item 30 refers to the cell diagram below. 2n(3)|Zn*Caq] Cur (a@)|Cucs) 30. Which of the following will cause an inerease in cell potential? Pen aete O° (A) Increasing concentration of Zn” ions only ) _ Decreasing concentration of Zn* (aq) ions and increasing concentration of Cu**(aq) i (©) Decreasing concentration of Cu** ions only (D) Adding NaOH to Cu® solution and increasing the concentration of Zn" ions 02112010/CAPE 2011 = 10- Zn(s) + Cu?*(aq) + Zn* (ag) + Cu(s) Zn(s) + Pb*(aq) —r Zn** (aq) + Pb(s) Pb(s) + Zn (aq) — Pb* (aq) + Zn(s} Cu(s) + Zn?*(aq) — Co* (aq) +Z(8) GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGEtae Which of the following compounds conducts electricity? RY ‘Na,O- @ ©) So, @) 10, Which of the following Group II elements reacts very slowly with cold water and burns with a bright white flame? (A) Barium (B) Beryllium Roy asctan (©) Strontium Which of the following reactions with the Group IV elements and concentrated hydro chloric acid would NOT occur? L Ge + 281 "> Geci, +10) M, Sn + 2HCl —— Snciy+ Hye) I. Pb +2HCl ——>Pecl, + Hg) Lonly ®) only (© Monly (D) and I only Which pair of properties increases on descending the Group II clements”” 1. Atomic radii |. __onisation energy I Electronegativity IV. Tonic radii {A) land iit only io Land TV only (©) Mand Mt only Tand IV only (@) 10/CAPE 2011 35. 36. 37. 38. Group Ll elements of the periodic table have a (A) high melting points but low dgnsity @ igh accra eanuatvy et iov density (©) high melting points and high electrical conductivity () low melting points and poor electrical conductivity Which of the following chlorides of Group IV elements is the BEST electrical conductor? PHC, 2 ®) sici, (© Gel, (DB) Ct, In which of the following options are the halide ions placed in order of INCREASING Ac gou go don @) When AgNO,(aq) is added to fluoride ions followed by NH,(aq) the result is LG) no precipitate @) white silver fluoride (C) yellow silver fluoride (D) — cream-coloured ammonium fluoride GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGEa items 39 = 40 refer tothe following options. 42, (A) Ligand (B) Catalyst (© Complex (D) Coordination number Match each item below with one of the ‘options above, each of which may be used conce, more than once or not at all 39. The species containing ions or molecules linked to a central atom by coordinate bonds C. 43. 40, The species donating electron pairs to the central atom. Which diagram represents the electronic ‘configuration of Cu"? Note: [Ar] = 1s*, 28°, 2p*, 3s", 3p” sa A w wi fT teeta} Le 3d 4s » w(a[ sot t{t) 3d 4s 4. © wd[o{ ti] ott V 48 3 eZ ® wa(t[o[o]a] 4 IF YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED, CHECK YOUR WORK ON THIS TEST 02112010/CAPE 2011 ‘An unknown salt solution contair ion is tested with dead (11) solution followed by dilute HNO,. A precipitate is observed which dissols= ‘acid with effervescence. These obs tions indicate the presence of (A) CO,-and Cr {B) SO, and SO? ‘80, and CO (D) SOR and Cr Which of the following metals give a sas fiame when heated? (A) Magnesium (B) Calcium « Sodium BD come Items 44 - 45 refer to the following (A) Acentral ion in a complex (B) ligand (C)__Anoctahedral complex (BD) Atetrahedral complex. Match each item below with one of options above. Each option may be more than once, once or not at al [Coton C CHK, 2t testcope02112010 _ FORMTP 2010148 | Soe eee MAY/SUNE2010 CARIBBEAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL ADVANCED PROFICIENCY EXAMINATION (CHEMISTRY - UNIT 1 Paper 01 minutes 26 MAY 2010 (a.mn.) READ THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY. 1, Thistestconsistsof 45 items. You {ill have 90 minutes to answer them. Inadditionto this test booklet, you should have an answer sheet and a Data Booklet. Each item in this test has four suggested answers lettered (A), (B), (C), (D). Readeach item you are about to answer and decide which choice is best. ‘On youranswer sheet, find he number which corresponds o youritem and shade the space having the same letter as the answer you have chosen. Look atthe sample item below. ‘Sampleltem ‘Which of the following is the HIGHEST energy transition inanorganiccompound? @® awor ‘Sample Answer B) atone KS pecan ®®e@O ©) xton ‘The best answer to this item is“ to G+”, so answer space (C) has been shaded. 4 mumwasxny 4 If youwanttochange your answer, be sure toerase itcompletely before youfill in yournew choice. ‘When you are told to begin, turn the page and work as quickly and as carefully as youcan. Ifyou. ‘cannotansweran item, omititand goontothenextone. Youmay return tothe omitted item later. ‘Your score will be the total number of correct answers. ‘Youmay doany rough work inthisbooklet. Figures are not necessarily drawn to scale. ‘Theuse ofsilent, non-programmablecalculatorsis allowed. DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO so. ‘Copyright ©2009 Caribbean Examinations Council llrightsreserved.as ‘Aradioactive element Mof mass number A, 5. and atomic number Z, undergoes decay, followed by @ decay. The final element, N willbe 4,N @ *EN 6 © SIN ®@ ‘What is the average relative atomic mass of ‘bromine, given the following isotopic masses and relative abundance? 1 Br—505% — "Br-49.5% (A) 78.99 @) 7990 79.99 @) 80.01 ‘AnionZ?*contains 23 protons. Whatisthe 8 electronic configuration of 2*? + (A) [Ar 3 4st ® ada (© (Ar) 34°4s* (D) [Ar] 346 4s" Ag bond results from the overlapping of “ @) (©) twoporbitals end-on ©) __ woporbitals sideways ‘Which of the following factors increases firstionisationenergy of anatom? = @ Greater nuclear charge , (B) Larger atomic radius (© Larger number of valence elect (D) _ Increased screening by ins: electrons ‘The bonds in SO. ion are BEST: @) __ covalentand polar (B) __ionicand polar (©) _ polar, covalent and single (D) polar, covalent and double ‘The bond angles in the PH, molecule sameasthatof NCL, Itsshape would bbe described as (A) __ bipyramidal (BY pyramidal (C) tetrahedral ©) trigonal Which of the following is true about 5 ydrogen and 5 dm’ of oxygen at 0 101 kPa? They @) contain the same num! | molecules (BY’ possess the same amount of energy (©) __ react completely with each (D) react to produce 5 dm’ of ‘Which of the following solids has = ‘molecular lattice? (A) Copper (B) _ Carbondioxide (C)_— Magnesiumoxide \@) _ Silicondioxide GOON TO THENEXTF*10. n. 12. ‘The simplest formula for a compound that ‘contains 50% S and 50% O by mass is 13, so . © *sopenntiare ed i, oo DM so, 7: Oz Item 11 refers to the following information. A piece of copper metal is placed in silver nitrate solution, as shown in the diagram below. z 1 cu metal FANN (20) Which of the following would MOST likely be observed? (A) Copper metal dissolves and the solution remains colourless. (B) Copper metal is deposited and the solution turns blue. ilver metal forms and the solution remains colourless. Silver metal forms and the solution ‘urns blue. A gas in a syringe occupies a volume of 50 cm’ and has a pressure of 0.49346 atmospheres. What is the pressure of the 2,8 if the plunger of the syringe is pushed in, reducing the volume of the gas to 20 em’? (atmosphere = 101 325 Pa) “ 20 kPap rere «2° B 125 kPa” © — 20000kPa ap () —125000kPa 2 14. 15. ‘Which of the following gases is MOST ey tobehave like an ideal gas? (A) Ammonia 487 Helium (©) Methane (D) Oxygen ‘sem 14 refers tothe following information, ‘Theenthalpy of solution of sodium chloride ‘at 298 K can be calculated from the data given below. NaC\(s) > Na'(g)+ Chg); AH=+787k) mol! Na* (g) + water —> Na'(aq); AH =~406 kI mot Ch (g)+ water > Crag); AH=-377kI mol! Which is the correct value for the enthalpy ofsolution? (A) -1570ki mol (B) -4kd mol Mey +4 mol @) — +1570kF mot What is the standard heat of reaction GH cyeq) At 101.325 kPa of pressure and 298 K, for the equation given below? Zn (3) + Cu (aq) + Zn?*(ag) + Cu (s) AH ornmioe = +64.4 KI mol" for Cu? AH ermion =—152.4 k mol for Zn AH" moa = 0 for both Zn and Cu @ 217 mor : tt (B) -88.0k3 mot" (©) +88.0kimot" ©) 4217ki mot GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE x16. 17. 240 , “The rate law for a given reaction is Rate = k [A [B]. What are the units for k? \ (A) mot? dm st 8) mol dm? st (©) mot dm? s* ©) anol am’ s* . Aer = kh Item 17 refers to the table which shows the rate results for the reaction A + B > C Bepriment | gut) [ont tm | mel ons) 1 010 0110 10,0032 2 010 020 0.0082 3 020 020 0.0064 ‘What is the overall order of the reaction? (Zero First ©) Second ©) Thint ‘Mem 18 refers to the following information. ‘The Boltzmann distribution of molecular energies at two temperatures, T, and T,, is shown below. it a x ‘Number of mol aes * a Egy B ‘Which area represents the additional number of molecules having the activation energy, E,. at the highertemperature,T,2 wa x X vebresents ail area under are @® Y @ xX+Y XY GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE, fon r99rnicapR2n1o19. 20. a za Which of the following statements does NOT refer to a system in dynamic equilibrium? (A) Thereactionis reversible. (B) —Theamounts ofall the species in the system remain constant. ©) The concentrations of all reactants and products are equal. (D) The rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of the backward reaction. For the reaction H,(@)+1,(g) => 2HI(g) reaching ‘equilibrium at 444 °C, at | atm pressure, the value of Ky, is 50. ‘What is the'value of K,, at a pressure of 2 atm at the same temperature? (A) 25 P @) 50... emperat (esis roe c ©) 20 In the Haber process, N,(g) + 3H,(2) —2NH (eg), AH = -90 kJ mor", the MAXIMUM yield of ammonia is obtained at (A) high temperature and low pressure (B) high temperature and high pressure ©} low temperature and high pressure (D) _low temperature and low pressure Which of the following acids is the WEAKEST? ‘Acid K, (mol dm) @ 49x10" @) 1.7x104 © 63x10% ) 13x10" 23. 24. In pure cthanol (C,H,OH), the followi ‘equilibrium can exist with ammonium ions. NH, + C,H,OH = NH, + C,H,OH, Which of the following combinations describes the function of NH," and C,H,OH according to Bronsted-Lowry theory? NH CHO or @) © ©) Acid Base Conjugate acid Acid base acid dase conjugate base Item 24 refers to the figure below which shows the pH change as propanoic acid is titrated with sodium hydroxide. ‘Vol of sodium hydroxide added (em?) ‘Which indicator is MOST suitable for this reaction? Indicator pH range (A Thymolblue 12-28 (B) Methyl orange 29-46 (©) Methylred 42-63 ©) Phenolphthalein | -8.3- 10.0 GOON TO THE NEXT PAGE21. A buffer is made by dissolving 288 g of sodium benzoate, C,H,COONa, in I dmn' of 0.4 mol dm? benzoic acid, C,H,COOH. K geesncace) 754% 10 mol dm. The pH of the buffer is W 23 @ © 42 @) 50 ‘The solubility product, K,, at 298 K for three Group Il metal sulphates's given below. Kep(tnol?dm™*) L caso, 24x10 UL $150, 32x10" Ul. — BaSO, 16x10 ‘Which metal sulphate would precipitate out of solution if equal volumes of 10° mol dar solution containing the sulphate ion and the Group II metal are mixed? i Be teat Ee ee is Dre nonty whch te coveiler Man 29, (C) MandIonly = ©) 1, Mand mt Barium carbonate is more soluble in water than in aqueous sodium carbonate because (A) allbarium saltsare insoluble (B) barium ions cannot displace sodium ‘ons (© sodium carbonate is ionic but barium oe carbonate is not @J —acommonion etfectis present inthe ‘BaCO/Na,CO, mixture ‘Item 28 refers to the electrochemical cell below. Zn(s) / Zn* (aq) // Ag* (aq) /Ag(s) From which haf-cell do electrons originate? (A) Ag*(aq) / Ag(s) 8) Z09)/ Zag) (©) Ag*(aqWAg(s) // Zn(s) /Zn*(aq) (D) _Za(s) /Zn*(aqp 11 Ag? (a9) FAB) ‘tem 29 refers to the following diagram, 10 mol day"? Mg S04 (aq) 1.0 mol dm” Za S0¢( Which of the following does NOT occur it the cell shown above? A) Electrons flow through the wis from the zine to the magnesit electrode. (B) Magnesium ions migrate into the: bridge. (©) No current flows when the bridge is removed. ‘The reaction at the magnesit electodeis ‘Mg (s) — Mg** (aq) + 2e. *o) GOON TO THE NEXT PAGE= = Item30 refers to the diagram of the hydrogen electrode below. Hy@ aoc —> and I atm Salt bridge Platinised E: platinum 1.0 mol dm HY electrode 30. What needs to be changed to give this hydrogen electrode an E* (A) The concentration of H” ions fi ‘The metal used for the electrode yl] corcentes te A ‘The temperature of the gas ae lentearantemet go> C2 ©) The pressure of the gas Wel > rane ep oe ‘ 3 el 31. Which of the following graphs BEST illustrates the variation in melting points of the elements Na to Ar? Cisnoeanys maation bee fe omega) aaa: @ roa pane) , eS wig aT WATS ET Meine eve () mance) Olt se Wee FSS a NATE TAR 32. ‘The element, P, in BCI, has an oxidation state of (A) + ® -Q 4 DO +s GOON TO THE NEXT PAGE33. Which of the following sets of properties is true for the oxide of sulphur? Property of Oxide fn 0 mr Vv State at 25°C Solid Liquid Gas Bondingand structureinoxide | Ionic lattice Giant covalent | Covalent | Covalent molecular | molecular pH of aqueoussolution 10 0 3 wm . @) w Q Ww @ w (34, Calcium carbonate decomposes at a lower 35. temperature than barium carbonate because (A) calcium oxide is less stable than barium oxide <(B) the calcium ion is larger than’ the barium ion © the lattice energy of calcium oxide is larger than that of barium oxide BY the standard enthalpy of formation of calcium oxide isless negative than that of barium oxide Group Il elements of the periodic table have (A) highmelting pointsbut low densities (B) _-highmeltingpointsand highelectrical ‘conductivities © ow densities but high electrical ‘conductivities (D) __lowmelting points and poorelectrical conductivities 36. The high melting point of graphite can attributed to the (A) delocalisedelectrons (B)__ hexagonal arrangement of the GQ song covalent bonds within layers (D) van der Waals’ forces between layers Silicon dioxide has a structure similar to’ of diamond. What are the advantages de- rived from using silicon dioxide cerami when compared with ste!? TL. Silicondioxide is tess likely to under compression. IL. Silicon dioxide has a higher meltin point. IIL. _ Silicon dioxide is more resistant 0 ox dation. (A) Tand Ionly ®) —Tandironly Mand I only 1, Mand I GO ONTO THE NEXT PAGE41 Based on its position in Group VII of the periodic table, astatine, at room temperature and pressure, is MOST likely a @® soit (B) fui (© brown gas (D) colourless gas Which of the following is NOT formed when chlorine reacts with hot aqueous alkali? @ #0 @) NaCl © nacio ©) Nacio, The species containing ions or molecules linked to acentral atom by coordinate bonds isknown asa (A) ligand BY complex ©) catalyst @) coordination number tem 41 refers to the information below. Melting Point | Density eee euee) @ em) Tf 1538 7.86 I 660 2.70 mm 328 34 ‘The transition elements are MOST likely @ only @) land Monty gh wernng (© ~ Land only () Wand tt only Tran sthoa eferner 42, Cu(ID sulphate gives (@) deep blue solution with excess NH, (aq) (®) a yellow-green solution with excess concentrated HCl. Which of the following can be deduced from these observations? I. The complex ion {Cu(NH,),}* is formed in), TL — [Cu(NH,),** has a higher stability constant than (Cu(H,0),)*. IL. (CuClP-has a lower stability constant than {Cu(H,0),}*. GB) Land ionly @®) [and ilonly (©) Mand it only ©) 1, Wanda 43. ‘The ionic equation for the formation of chromium. hydroxide from chromium(I) sulphate and dilute NH (aq) is (A) Cr,*(aq) + OF (aq) ~> Cr,OH (s) @ — Cr*(aq) + 30H-(agq) > COM), (8) (©) Cr*(aq) + OFF (aq) > Cr(OH)* (aq) @) — Cr*(s)+ 30H) > Cr(OH), (s) GOON TO THE NEXT PAGE-10- Item 44 refers to the following information. ‘White precipitate ‘White precipitate soluble in excess insoluble in excess 44. Which of the following reagents does NOT ‘aid in the identification of X*? (A) Aqueous KT S(B)-DiluteHC! Pb oe” por all others ©) tem 45 refers to the following information. Aqueous BaCl, followed by excess dilute HC! is added to ACH of four unknown, solutions, I, I, III and IV. The following observations are noted. 1. A white precipitate is formed which dissolves in the acid to liberate a gus which decolourises MnO, /H(aq). IL —_Noprecipitate is formed. II. A dense white precipitate is formed which is insoluble in excess acid. TV. A white precipitate is formed that dissolves in the acid to liberate a gas, which forms a white precipitate with Ca(OH),(aq). 45. Which of the following options correctly identifies the ions which may be present in EACHsolution? I a Ti Vv (A) S02 a HCO,” eo ®) soz NO, S27 com iG s02 ich s co> @ soz NO, soz coz IF YOUFINISHBEFORE TIME IS CALLED, CHECK YOUR WORK ONTHIS TEST. 021 12010/CAPE2010FORM TP2009155 CARI 4 arrix seat nere (eoaontespoesorRa — fou must sign ad 1 tet si Ge nienrtms rae «= my | esr copEO2112010 Fesult In dliquallfention Zan 7 Signature BBEAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL ADVANCED PROFICIENCY EXAMINATION CHEMISTRY - UNITI MAY/SUNE2009 Paper 01 90 minutes 27 MAY 2009 (a.m) READ THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY. 1, This testconsistsof45 items. You will heve 90 minutes to answer them, 2. Inadditionto thistest booklet, you shouldhiavean answer sheet. 3. Donotbeconcemed thatthe answer sheet provides spaces for more answers than there are items in thistest 4. Each ter in histest has four suggested answers lettered (A), (B),(C),(D). Read each item youare aboutto answer and decide which choice is best. 5. Onyour answer sheet, find the number which corespondsto your item and shade the space having the same letteras the answer you have chosen. Look at the sample item below. sample Which of the followingiis the HIGHEST energy transitioninan organic compound? (A) ntooe ® anton © coor ©) non Sample Answer @0e@0 The best answer to this item is “a to o*”, so answer space (C) has been shaded. 6. Ifyouwanttochange your answer, besureto erase youritcompletely before you fillin yournew choice. 7. Whenyouaretoldtobegin, tumthe pageand workasquickly and as carefully as youcan. Ifyoucannot answer anitem, omititand goontothenextone. Youcancome back tothe omiltedhitem|ater. Your score will be the total number of correct answers, 8. Youmaydoanyrough workinthisbooklet. 10. Theuseofnon- DO NOT (021120100 APE: 2009 igures are not necessarily drawn to scale. -programmablecatculatorsisallowed, TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO. Copyright ©2009 Caribbean Examinations Council, Allrights reserved. suanavasxuay }1. Which of the following has the GREATEST polarizing power? (A) Ca © © (D) se ‘Arradioactive element, M, of mass number ‘A, and atomic number Z, undergoes fi decay followed by cedecay. The final element, will be 4 @ aN @) “aN © IN BD win ‘tem 3 refers to the mass spectrum of chlorine gas shown below. A Relative Abundance 50 3. Ifpeak A represents the ion °c’, which possible ions would give the peaks, B and B? Part and (CI-"C* ®) @cl-* C1)’ and (7CL-"CN* (©) C1? and (#CI-¥ CD* ©) cr and (*C1-" CH™ GO ONTO THE NEXT PAGE‘The electronic configuration of the Cu** ion is represented as (A) [Ar]3s? 3p* 3a"? 4s! (B) — [Ar]3s? 3p* 34" (© Ua] ss? apt 30 452 @ _—_[ar}3s? 3p! 3a? Which of the following factors increases the first ionisation energy ofan atom? (A) Increased screening by inner electrons (B)_ Larger number of valente electrons Greater nuclear charge (D) Larger atomic radius Which ofthe following describes potassium bromide? (A) A network of covalently bonded atoms (B) _ Assubstance which boils at 59°C and decomposes at high temperatures (©) A solid with a very high molar «enthalpy of vaporization which does not conduct when in aliquid state Anon-conducting solid which melts to form a liquid that conducts electricity How many hydrogen bonds can be formed with the oxygen atom in amolecule of water? wii Or 2 (Os o 4 8. % 10. Which of the following is true about S dm? of | hydrogen and 5 dr of oxygen at 0°C and 101 kPa? (A) They reactto produce 5 di? of wate. 4B) They possess the same amount of. kinetic energy. (© They contain the same number of ‘ molecules. (D) They react completely with each other. For complete reaction, 0.25 g of a monobasic ‘acid requires 10 em of 0.2 mol dm? sodium Ihydroxide. What is the relative molecular mass of the acid? 8 © When 86 g ofthe ionic salt, CaSO,. xH,0, is Ihcated so that all ofits water of crystallisation is driven off and 68.0 g of CaSO, remain, the value of x is ae 2 © 3 ©) 4 GO ONTO THENEXTPAGE xa 2. Which of the following illustrates Boyle's law? “ Z 3| Pressure CD eaea| 5 2 | 5 TPressure z 2 s Pressure o i g| Pressure Which of the following ‘oxidation process? (A) Mn0,—> Mn* -@) MnO, MnO02 YR > 42 (© Mn0-> M0, pe © vad, > vino; graphs BEST {tem 13 refersto the energy profile diagram shown below. t 13. What is the activation energy of the REVERSE reaction? @ P @® Q © @Q+Py @) (@-P) represents an GOON TO THENEXT PAGE14, _ Thesecondionisation energy ofcaleium is 1150kJ mol”! Which of the following equations represents this statement? ky mol! (A) Ca(g) -» Ca*(g)+2e" = AH = +1150 BC WIC (+e AH = +1150 (©) Cat(g)+Ca(g)+e" AH = -1150 (D) Ca(s) > Ca*(g)+2e° AH = +1150 15. Thestandard enthalpy changes fortwo reactions areasfollows: 2Fe (s)+ 4O,(g)—>Fe,0,(s) AH? =-822kImof' reverS= + e228 Cis) + KO.(@) > CO) AH? =-110 mol Same “10 * What isthe standard enthalpy change forthereaction| Pe Fe,0,(s) + 3C(s) > 2Fe(s) + 3CO(g), inks mol! ? = A) -932 (By -712 © -492 +492 16. An increase in temperature by about 10°C usually doublesthe rate of'a chemical reaction. This is becausethe «BJ sumberofmolecules having energy greaterthan the activation energy increases (B) _kineticenergy and temperature ofthemolecules decrease (© activation energy ofthe molecules required for reacti (D) collision frequency ofthe molecules fluctuates GOON TOTHENEXT PAGEee ‘tem 17 refers to the table which show's the rate results for the reaction A + B—> C. Experient | ud’) | nada) | notte" | oe o10 | 00032 2 oa | __oms2 3 o20_| a2 | _o0nse 17. Whats the overall order of the rgaction? (A) Zero First (©) Second ®) Third 18, _Thediagrams show the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution. Which of the following diagrams represents the effect of an increase in temperature from 70°C (T,) to 80°C (T,)? % ™ « x oO v _ 4 ; —s Namberofmoleciies EB, ‘Namberof molecules Ey t o T a “Number of molecules Number of molecules GOONTOTHENEXT PAGEi 19. Which of the following statements about 22. ‘The Haber Process can be represented by dynamic equilibrium is NOT true? ‘theequation . AAA) The forward reaction proceeds atthe = same rate as the reverse reaction. ¥,@)+3H,(@) 5, @ _ The concentrations of the reactants AH =-92kI mot! ‘and products are constant throughout the course of the If the pressure is kept constant, an increase : reaction. in temperature will cause the volume of the © __ Dynamic equilibrium can only be mixtureto achieved in a system where ne materials are added or removed. (A) increase, shifting the equilibrium to _AD) Theres no apparent change but both theright forward and reverse reactions ~ ®) increase, shifting the equilibrium to continue to take place at equal theleft rates. L (©) decrease, shifting the equilibrium to theleft 20, Inwhich ofthe following reactions would K, © ones eee have units of atm? @ NO+3,@— 2H ®B) SO, (g) +0, (g) = 280, (g) 23. In pure ethanol, (C,H,OH), the following equilibrium can exist with ammonium ions. ‘NH, + C,H,OH = NH, + C,H,OH,” (C) 2CHCIE, (g) => C, +2HCI Which of the following combinations = = SF io @ describes the funetion of NH,’ and C,H,OH ©) CH, @)+H,O@ CO +3H,G —_ *ePTing to BrOnsted-Lowry theory? 21. Equilibrium is established in the reaction Hai Se X (aq) +¥ (ag) Zag). Ifthe equilibrium @ Aca Base concentrations are [X] = 0.2 mol dm’, (B) Base Acid [¥] = 03 mol da? and [Z]= 0.6 mol dm’, (C) Conjugateacid Base ‘hich of the following is the value of the (0) Acid Conjugate base equilibrium constant K.? (A) 0.1 mol dm’ 24. When 1 em of dilute HCI is added to an (B) 0.1 mol"! dx? alkaline buffer the (©) l0moldmr? E : © moka (A) pHincroases drastically (B) pH decreases drastically @ Tetaherssighay (D) buffer is destroyed GOON TO THENEXT PAGE im25. 26. 28. A buffer is made by dissolving 28.8 g of 27. sodium benzoate, C.H,COONa, in I dm’ of 0.4 mol dm benzoie acid, C,H,COOH. eg 764 10 mol dm, The pH of the buffer is @ 23 Fal 39 © 42 “ ©) 50 Which expression represents the solubility product of iron (II) hydroxide? ® — Fev|low} © fre] bow © [re] bor] Given that solubility of zine sulphide in water at 25 °C is 1.0 x 10"? mol dm™, what is the K,, value at 25 °C? (A) 1.0.x 10? mol dm* (B) 5.0.x 10" mol? dm* (C) 50x10 mol dm* ‘tem 28 refers to the diagram of the hydrogen electrode below. E@arc —> and 1 atm Platinised t platimem electrode Salt bridge 1.0 mol dn? A ‘What needs to be changed to make this hydrogen electrode have an E® = 0.00V? (A) Concentration of H ions (B) Metal used for the electrode 8 ‘Temperature of the gas (D) Pressure of the gas GOON TOTHENEXT PAGEa9 A coll consists of aluminium metal in contact Item 30 refers tothe cell diagram below. ‘with AP* ions and copper metal in contact a; " ‘with Cu**ions. The half-cell values are given Za{s)|2n* (aq)|Cu** (aq)|Cuts) below. 30. Which of the following will cause an BW inerease in cell potential? AP H3exSAl een (A) creasing concentration ofa ions curt2e cu 4034 gi Decreasfng concentration of ‘The electromotive force (em) of the cell Zx**(aq)ions and increasing con- Ginvols)is, ee ey ‘centration of Cu? (aq) ions Pees ale cee (C) Decreasing concentration of Cul* (A) 230 = 4-00 ions only ®) 200 (D) Adding NaOH to Cu* solution and © 184 increasing the concentration of ©) 132 20° ions 31. Which ofthe following compounds conducts electricity? GY Nao ®) SiO, © 0, @) co, Items 32. - 33 refer to the following information, Name of Oxide w | ® 1S © | | State at 25°C Solid Solid Gas Bonding and structure in | lonic Giant Covalent | Covalent oxide lattice covalent molecular | molecular PH of aqueous solution | 10 7 0 1 his ‘Match each oxide below with one of the options above. Each option may used once, ‘more than once of not at all. 32. Oxideofsilicon & 33. Oxideofsulphur 2) GOON TO THE NEXT PAGE34. 35. 36. =10- Which pair of properties increases on descending the Group If clements? 1 Atomicradii I. Tonisation energy Vv. (Ay. Tand oT taiv (©) Mand mt @) Mand iv Calcium carbonate decomposes at a lower ‘temperature than barium carbonate because (A) calcium oxide is tess stable than barium oxide (B) the calcium ion is targer than the barium ion (©) the lattice energy of calcium oxide is larger than that barium oxide ©) _ thestandard enthalpy of formation of calcium oxide is less negative than that of barium oxide ‘Which of the following chlorides of Group IV ‘elements is the BEST electrical conductor? AY PCI, ® Sicl, © — Gecl, ©) CCl, 37. 38. 39. Silicon carbide hasa structure similar to that of diamond. What are the advantages derived from using silicon carbide ceramics when compared with steel? Silicon carbide isles likely to deform under compression. Tl. Silicon carbide has a higher melting point ITT. Silicon carbide is more resistant to ‘oxidation. (A) Land only (B) Land IN only (©) Wand Mf only @ tives Inwhich ofthe following options are the halide ions placed in order of INCREASING reducing power? (A) @) 1c © @) Br-,Cl-,1- GE Brat CiaInBrs ‘Which of the following in NOT formed when chlorine reacts with hot aqueous alkali? @ HO (B) NaCl © Nacio, @® »acio GOON TO THE NEXT PAGE41, a ®) © ile Which of the following is NOT considered to 42. beatransition metal? @ Zine B) tron (©) Cobatt ©) Chromium Which diagram represents the electronic ‘configuration of Cu"? Note: [Ar]=1s*, 25°, 2p, 35°, 3p* 3a oi [tT t[+[a] +) U4 wn [it] | tit 4 aa 4 on (414) 414] t 43. 3a as Cu) sulphate gives (a) 2 deep blue solution with excess NH,(aq), (©) ayellow-green solution with excess concentrated HCl. Which of the following can be deduced from these observations? L The complex ion [Cu(NHL,),]* is formed in (@). TL (Cu(NHL)J* has a higher stability constant than. [Cu(H,0),}". MI. — (CuCl, has a lower stability ‘constant than [Cu(H,0),}". Land Ionly (B) and iff only (©) Mand tt only (D) 1, Mand Which of the following gives a green flame when heated? (A) Magnesium (B) Calcium () Sodium + BS Copper GOONTOTHENEXT PAGE44, Four solutions are each tested with aqueous NH, which is added dropwise until in excess. ‘The following observations are noted PbSO, (s) (©) PR (aqh+-280,-(aq)-»PO(SQ),(5) (D) _Pb* (aq) +80," (aq) > PbSO,(3) IF YOUFINISH BEFORE TIMEIS CALLED,CHECK YOUR WORK ONTHISTEST. (02112010/CAPE2009FORM TP2008166 4 aver seat mere $ 2 . testcope02112010 MAYHUNE2008, CARIBBEAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL ADVANCED PROFICIENCY EXAMINATION, CHEMISTRY - UNIT T Paper 01 90 minutes 28MAY 2008 (a.m.) READ THE FOLLOWING DIRECTIONS CAREFULLY Inaddition to thistest booklet, you should have an answersheet. Each item in this testhas four suggested answers lettered (A),(B).(C), (D). Read each item youare about toanswer and decide which choice is best. Onyouranswer sheet, find the number which correspondsto your item and shadethe space having, the same letter as the answer you have chosen. Look at the sample item below. Sampleltem Which of he following isthe HIGHEST energy transition inan organic compound? (A) toot Sample Answer (B) ntoxe © sto0F @420e@0 ©) xn The best answer to this item is “0 10 6*”, so answer space (C) has been blackened. Ifyou wantto change your answer, be sure o erase yourold answer completely and fill in yournew choice. When youaretold to begin, turn the pageand workas quickly and ascarefully as you.can. Ifyoucannot answer an item, omititand goon to thenextone, Youcan comeback tothe harder item later. Your score will bethe total numberof correct answers. Youmay doany rough work inthis booklet. Figuresarenotnecessarily drawnto scale. ‘Theuseofnon-programmable caleulatorsisallowed Thistest consists of 45 items. You will have 90 minutes to answerthem. Donotbe concerned thatthe answer sheet provides spaces for moreanswersthan there are items in thistest, DO_NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO So. Copyright© 2007 Caribbean Examinations Counci mean avasxeay 4 ‘ode 1. Which of the following has the GREATEST ‘tem 3 refers tothe graph below which shows polarizing power? the variation of the boiling points of the hydrides of Group V. (A) Cat (B) Se (Cet (D) Be Bolling point /°C| Item_2 refers to the graph which shows the {og of successive ionisation energies for ten Ni, Pil, Ast, Sob, electrons of an element P. ‘Hydrides pe gs 3. Ammonia hasa higher boiling point because a4 @) there is hydrogen bonding between ds ‘NH, molecules 3 (B) __ there are more van der Waals forces eee between NH, molecules 1 (C) the N - H bond is the shortest and strongest Tees eaa sehen Meenas ane) (D) the cletronegativity of nitrogen is este dao ‘much higher than that of the other elements in the group 2. Element Pis MOST likely 4. A-xbond results from the overlapping of (A) chlorine (B) neon (A) twosorbitals (C) magnesium (B) _ onesandone porbital 8 sodium (© _ twoporbitalsend-on ©) twoporbitals sideways 5. ‘Yellow metal’ is a type of alloy (brass) Y used to make omaments. It contains 60% | ‘copper and 40% zinc by mass. What is the ‘number of moles of zine atoms in 260 grams ofthisalloy? @ 16g @ 24g © 328 ©) 40g 40> ¥2b0 GO ONTO THENEXTPAGE35 What volume of 1.0 mol dm? NaOH is required to neutralize 30 cm? ofa2:mol dm? H,SO,? @® Ser ®) 30cm? © 60cm @) 20cm’ tems 7- 8 referto the following information. A piece of copper metal is placed in silver nitrate solution, as shown in the diagram below. Cu Metal -AgNOs (aa) Which of the following would MOST likely be observed? (A) Copper metal dissolves and the solution remains colourless, @Y _ Silvermetal formsand the solution tums blue. (© Copper metal is deposited and the solution tums blue. (D) _ Silvermetal forms and the solution remains colourless. ‘The overall ionic equation for the reactions is (A) Ag(s}+Cu?*(aq)—>Cu(s)+ Ag’ (aq) (B) Ag (aq)+Cu(s)->Cu* (ag) Ag(s) © 2As'(ag)+Cus)+ Cu" (eq)+2Ag(s) D) Cus) Ag" (aq)—>Cu'(aq)+ Agts) 91 1991017 PRIN 10. a. ‘Which of the following is NOT an assumption ofthe kinetic theory of gases? (A) Moleculesmove about ina random ‘manner. ©) The total kinetic energy of the molecules decreases during collisions. (© There areno intermolecular forces ofattraction between molecules. (D) _Themoleculeshavenegligible volume compared to the volume they cvcupy. Deviations from ideal gas behaviour generally ‘occurunder conditions of (A)__lowpressure and low temperature (B) _ lowpressure and high temperature © _ high pressure and low temperature (D) high pressure and high temperature Which of the following graphs BEST describes Boyle’s law? “| 5 ‘Pressure © Faas Pressure GOONTOTHENEXT PAGE12. 13. 14. A gas in a syringe occupies a volume of 50 cm’ and has a pressure of 0.49346 atmospheres. What is the pressure of the gas ifthe plunger of the syringe is pushed in, reducing the volume of the gas to 20 om”? (Latmosphere= 101 325 Pa) . @ 20 kPa ®) 100 kPa 125 kPa. MO) 125000kPa During an endothermic reaction, energy is transferred from @ _ thesurroundingsto the system (B) _thesystem to the surroundings (©) reactants to products (D) reactants to surroundings Item 14 refers to the following information. ‘Theenthalpy of solution of sodium chloride at 298 K can be calculated from the data given below. ‘NaCl(s) —> Na‘(g)+Ch(g); ‘AH= +787 kJ mol" ‘Na’ (g) + water > Na‘(aq); AH =~406 kJ mol" CH (g) + water—> Cl(eq); AH=-377 kJ mol! Which is the correct value for the enthalpy ofsolution? (A) -1570ki mot! (B) +1570kImot" (©) -4ksmol" +4kJ molt Item 15 refers to the diagram below which represents the Bom Haber cycle for sodium chloride. Each heat change isassociated with capital letter labelled A to F. 2 Ne'(@) + Clg +e +122 J mol! Na(g) +4 Ch(g) B +107 KJ mot! Na(s)+% Cha) 411 ki mol" 15. What type ofheat change is observed at First ionisation energy of Na (8) __Enthalpy of formation (©) __ Firstelectron affinity of CI (©) _Enthalpy ofatomisation of C1 GOON TO THENEXT PAGE55 16. An increase in temperature by about 10 °C usually doubles the rate of a chemical reaction. This is because the (A) kinetic energy and temperature of the molecules decrease ‘number of molecules having energy greater than the activation energy increases (©) activation energy ofthe molecules required for reaction increases {D) collision frequency of the molecules fluctuates ‘Item 17 refers to the following information. ‘The rate of reaction between P and Q is determined experimentally and the data is presented in the table. it Concentration /mol dm? | Initial rate /mot Gas =e) jaan P Q 10) i 0.04 0.04 poyiaeel| 2 0.08 0.08 4s 0.08 0.08 9.0 17. From the data, the rate equation is @ Rate=k (PIO) @®) —-Rate=k [PP © — Rate =k [PIQP @) — Rate=k [QP GO ONTO THE NEXT PAGE18. 19. Number of molecules Which of the following graphs represents a first order reaction? @ ® Item 19 refers to the following information. ‘The Boltzmann distribution of molecular energies at two temperatures, T, and T,, is shown below. Which area represents the additional number of molecules having the activation energy, E, atthe higher temperature, T,? GS) 2s (By ay, ( X+¥ X-Y Item 20 refers to the following equilibrium. N,@)+0,(@) =2NO@) AH =+180kJ mor" Which curve shows how increasing temperature affects the yield ofthe product? (A) ‘Parameter increase ‘Compounds P,Q and R form an equilibrium as shown below. 2P(aq) + Q(aq)— 2R(aq) ‘Theunits forthe equilibrium constant, K, are mold? po iden dim? mot Seam? (© = moFdm* @) dm‘ mol? Which of the following is the WEAKEST acid? Acid K, (mol dm?) @ 1.3x10° @) 1.7.x 10° © 63x 107 49x10" GOON TO THENEXT PAGE23. 24. d ‘Theneutralisation reaction between astrong 25, ‘acid and a weak base is represented by @ 3 Ler 4 2 °0 10 20-30 40 30 ie olume ap 2 10 as eG, 4 2 a 010 20 30 40 30 Volume © ul 1 27. 10 : GEG 4 2 oT wa Volume Dyess Fe 10 3 pus ‘ 2 28. ° 0 fo 20 30 40 50 ‘Volume ‘Which of the following indicators would give a sharp colour change when 0.1 mol dm" aqueous sodium hydroxide is titrated against 25m? of 0.1 mol dm? ethanoic acid? Indicator pH range L Methyl yellow 2.9-4.0 Tl, Bromocresol green -3.8-5.4 m. Phenolphthalein 82-100 (A) [only (6) Monty © [andifonly ©) Hand tilonly Which of the following pairs of substances ‘would make a good butter? (A) HClfaq) and NaCi(aq) ) —_ HCi(aq) and NH,Clag) © —NH,aq)andNH,Cltaq) ©) Haq) and NaNO (09) The acid dissociation constant, K,, for phenolphthalein indicator is 7 x 10" mol ‘din, When this indicator is used in a weak acid-strong base titration the pH at equivalence pointis MOST likely a 55 ®) 70 92 ©) 100 Barium carbonate is more soluble in water than in aqueous sodium carbonate because (A) barium ions cannot displace sodium ‘ions (B)__allbarium salts are insoluble 8 ‘common ion effect is present in the BaCOjNa,CO, mixture (P) sodium carbonates ionic but barium carbonate isnot Which ofthe followingconditions would be necessary for measuring standard electrode potentials? I. All solutions must have a concentration of 0.10 mol dm* II, Metals must be in their standard states. IIL, All materials and apparatus must be between 30-40°C. IV. All gases must be at a pressure of lam, (A) Tonly @) Wonly (©) Land iit eo Mand IV GOONTO THE NEXT PAGE“8: ' 29. Acell consists of aluminium metal in contact ‘toms 32-33 refer to the following oxidation with AP* ions and copper metal in contact states with Cu* ions. The half-cell values are given below. “M4 EW @® #8 AP'+3e Al 1.66 oO # = Cu*+2e Cu +0334 Ohio? Match each underlined element in the chloride ‘The electromotive force (e.m.£) of the cell ‘boli gyal iv cxkdtianrstase save eon oF ‘which may be used more than once, once or notatall. 8 230 2.00 32. scl, A © 184 ©) 132 33. PCL 30. Which of the following cell diagrams showa. feasible redox reaction? 34. Which of the following statements may be true for compounds, hou (ecghza™ “ esata ae tees NaCl, AICI, SiCl,, PCL? 2 * I Mg(s)Cu?*aqAa" eajAgts) X 1 The electronegativity difference 3 Ee between the elements in each i. PA21°(aqyta(aafal Gaal) ‘compound increases from NaClto PCI. vv. Mag(s)|Mg?* (e x, and water H,SO,, S cro? NaCrO, —Cr,0, w +6 “6 3 By +6 4 3 6 46 8 ©) 6 46 8 9, Which of the following does NOT represent a balanced redox equation? (A) Zn(s)+2HCI (aq) > ZnCl, (aq)+ H.(g) (B) MnO, (aq) + 5Fe*(aq) + 8H" —> Mn*(aq)+ SFe™ (aq) 4H,0(D) (Q) SO,g)+Br,(1) + 2H,0() —> 4H" (aq) + $0," (aq) + 2Br (aq) Sn(s) + HNO, (aq) > Sn0,(8) + NO, (@)+H,0(0) 10. When solutions of iron ([IT) nitrate and potassium jodide are mixed and starch added, a blue-black colours formed. Whichof the following reactions, are involved? 1. Fe® (aq) +e" Fo" (aq) II Fe (aq) +36 > Fe(s) T — 2E(aq) + 1,(aq) + 206 TV. 10, (aq) + 6H'(aq) + Se AL 9) + 3H,0.@ @ [end Itonly (8) [andIVonly (© Uandittonly ) — MandtVonly GOONTO THE NEXT PAGEML. 12. 188.0 grams of solid CO, evaporates, how many litres of CO, gas will be formed at 2 temperature of 27°C and 2.00 atmospheres ofpressure? (The universal gas constant, R, is 0.0821 atm Viol K.) py en. @), 216 “F- (B) 98.5 © 1080 ©) 2170 Which of the following statements about the liquid state are true? 1. Volume of liquid is constant at a particular temperature. I Density usually decreases with increasing temperature. IIL tis difficult to compress. (A) Land tony (8) landitfonly (©) MandIttonly 1, Mand {1 13. 14. 1s. tems 13-14 refer to the following options. (A) Enthalpy of formation B) _Latticeenergy (© Enthalpy of solution () _Enthalpy of hydration Match EACH item below with one of the options above, each of which may be used ‘once, more than once or not atall. X@+Y@> xv S X() + AY() > XY) A What is the standard heat of reaction GH ,eq) at 101.325 kPa of pressure and 298 K, for the equation given below? Zn (s) + Cu* (aq) > Zn™ (aq) + Cu(s) AH ue *64.4kS/mole for Cu AH coer ~7152.4kI/mole for Zn = AH" oma 0 for both Zn and Cu (A) 4217ki/mole (B) — +88.0kl/imole g -88.0K0/mole -217kiimole GOON TO THENEXT PAGE-5- ‘Item 16 refers to the following reaction which occurs inthe presence of dilute acid. : CH, COCH, (aq) + I,(aq) > CH, | COCH, (aq) + Haq) + Faq) 16. Ifthe rate equation for the reaction is Rate = K[CH, CO CH, (aq)] [}(aq)], which of the following BEST illustrates the slow SE ° OH " | @ chH,—c—cuH, +H > cH- C— a ic 1 i] ®) CHC —CH, +1, +cH-C —cH +r e oF ii ul | (© CH-C—CH, +r + CH C—CH, ® oO ce Ul © cH.—C—cH,+1,+4 cH, —C—cH, I I GO ONTO THE NEXT PAGE17. Which ofthe graphs below BEST showsthe 19. change in distribution of molecular energies when a gas at T,, is heated to temperature rg «A 20. © @) Number of molecules Kinetic energy ae ‘The oxidation of ammonia is one step in the commercial manufacture of nitric acid, ANH(@) + 50,(g) 2 4NO(S) + 6H,0(@) Which ofthe following would NOT have an effect on the position of the equilibrium? (A) Additionofammonia (B) A decrease in reaction temperature 8 The addition ofa catalyst () — Aninerease in the pressure of O, Which of the following statements does NOT. refer toa system in dynamic equilibrium? (A) The rate of the forward reaction is equal (0 the rate of the backward reaction (8) Theamounts of ll the species in the system remain constant. © The concentrations ofall reactants and products are equal. (D) — Thereaction isreversible. Which of the followingare Bronsted - Lowry bases? Lor 0 PHY Mm +0 Vv. HS @® landilonly @) _ IandIVonly (© Mand Illoniy (0) Mand IV only tem 21 refers to the following information. ‘Scientists have invented a new indicator called “Sure pH Check”, shown in the diagram below. 10 2S 35 49 52 66 ‘What is the H” ion concentration of the acid in container X, shown below? @® 32x10 mol dm? (B) 32x 10*moldm? (© 32x10 mol dav? ©) 32x10" mol dm? GOON TO THENEXT PAGE,22. Which ofthe following indicators are suitable 24. Which of the mixtures below will form a foratitration of aqueous sodium hydroxide buffer solution? with aqueous ethanoic acid? | » L Aqueous ammonia and aqueous Indicator pH range ccaleium hydroxide ll. Aqueous ammonia and aqueoiis Methyl orange 29-40 ‘ammonium chloride TL Methylred 91-96 IIL, Aqueous ethanoic acid and aqueous 11, Thymol blue 42-63 ccalejum ethanoate IV. Alizarin yellow 10.1-12.0 < IV. Aqueous ethanoic acid and aqueous benzoic acid (A) Land I only (B) Land IV only (©) Wand Ht only (A) Land If only Wand IV only 8 Mand Ill only (©) Land IV only (D) Hand IV only 23. —Thetitration curve ofa weak acid/strong alkali is 25. Equal volumes of 0.1 mol dm? aqueous Un 8 cethanoic acid (Ka = 1.8.x 10% mol dn) and 0.1 mol dm? aqueous sodium ethanoate are mixed, The pH of the resulting solution is, phe (A) 377 (B) 457 © 45. eet nee (D) 5.00 26. Thesolubility product of iron (III hydroxide is affected by a change in 1. temperature TL pressure ‘Volume of alkali added UL. concentration of Fe © M9 @® tony (B) and Ionly ral (©) Tand Hl only ped (D) 1, Wand Ht "Volume of alkali added ©) 44 24 10-4 34 pH a 2 © Volume ofalkall added GOON TO THE NEXT PAGE21. 28. Which of the following would form part ofa standard hydrogen electrode? 1. Hydrogen gas at 273K and 1 ‘atmosphere pressure IL 1.0 mol dm? sulphuric acid HL Alength of platinum wire (A) Tonly. Mlonly ) and fonly ©) Wand I 29. ‘Theelectrode potentials oftwo half cells are siven below: Ce (aq) te ZC (aq) = OIV IFS Zn (aq) + 26° 2 Zn (8) -o7ey °°7 ‘What isthe cell potential when these two half cells are connected? ordi (@ -LITV (B) -035V 4035 oe +LITV 31 tem 29 refers to the Daniell cell illastrated below. Insulated wire |__ colourless ZnSO, (aq) | _2n electrode Porous: ioe |__Blue Caso, |—Cu electrode Which of the following statements is NOT true about what happens in the cell after it has been running for some time? (A) The blue colour of the CuSO,(aq) fades. {B) Ions in solution cross the porous medium. The Cu electrode remains unchanged. increase 8 ‘The Zn electrode reduces in size. The units ofthe rate constant, k, fora second order process is dm! mot! s* @) dm’ mot* (C) mot! dir” ) mot! dm s* Which of the following elements has the highest electrical resistance? (A) Silicon a Phosphorus non =< <4 (©) Magnesium ©) Aluminium GOON TO THE NEXT PAGE32. 33. 34. 35. Items 32-33 refer tothe following oxidation 36. states. wm 4H @ #8 oO oO +6 ‘Match each underlined element with its oxidation number. Each oxidation number ‘may be used more than once, once or not at 37. Which ofthe following tends is observed on going left to right across Period 3 of the periodic table? @) Acid strength of the oxide of the element increases. (B) _Electropositvity increases. 3 9 0 (©) Ionic radius decreases. (D) Metallic character increases. (On descending Group Il ofthe periodic table, which of the following statements are true about the elements? 1. They lose electrons more easily ‘Their atomic radius increases. 38. Ii Their first ionization energy decreases. IV. Their electronegativity decreases. (A) Land monly @®) i Mand monly ( 1, Mand IV only (©) 1,1, Mandy SiCI, reacts with water but CCI, does not because carbon (A) has a higher ionisation energy than silicon (B) has amore stable +4 oxidation state (©) _ isanonmetal and silicon ismetalloid (©) _hasnoavailable orbitals of the energy required for coordination with water. Carbon monoxide is easily oxidized to carbon dioxide, whilst lead (IV) oxide is easily reduced to lead ([l) oxide, What deductions can be made from this information?” 1. The +2 oxidation state of carbon is Jess stable than the +4 state. ‘The +2 oxidation state of lead is less stable than the +4 stat. “IIL. On descending Group IV, the +4 oxidation state becomes more stable relative to the +2 state, IV. On descending Group IV, the +2 oxidation state becomes more stable relative to the #4 state. (A) Land Ionly Serer ae (C) Land IV only (D) 1, Mand IV only On descending Group VII of the periodie table, which ofthe following trends is true? (A) Volatility increases. (B) The colour ofthe element becomes lighter and less intense. (C)_Therelative stability ofthe hydrides increases. ©) _ The bonds in the hydrides of the element become weaker. GOON TOTHE NEXT PAGE39. 40. 41. 42. 43. -10- ‘The precipitate observed when iodide ions react with AgNO, (ag) is (A) solubie in dilute nitric acid (B) soluble in dilute aqueous ammonia (Q) white in colour insoluble in dilute nitrie acid and ‘aqueous ammonia Accharacteristic property of transition metals isthe presence of partially filled (A) s-sublevels d-sublevels (©) p-sublevels (D) — F-sublevels [Ar] 34° is the electronic configuration shared byboti (A) Mn and Co® Mn? and Fe (©) Fe and Cr (D) Cand Mn®* ems refer to the following options. (A) Acentralion in a complex (8) Aligand (©) Anoctahedral complex (D) A tetrahedral complex Malch each underlined item below with one of the options above, each of which may be used more than once, once or not at all [Co H,0)F C FelCM Je Cc 44. ‘tem 44 rofers to the following information, ZN White precipitate Whit recite soluble in excess earet of the following reagents does NOT aid in the identification of X*? @ dite HNO, @) aqueous Kr © — diwei4s0, (D) dilute HCI Anunknown salt solution containing a single anion is tested with lead (II) nitrate solution followed by dilute HINO,.. Aviite precipitate is observed which dissolves in acid with effervescence, These observations indicate the presence of (A) CO} and cr (B) $0, and SO © 80> and coz (D) 80;-and cr IF YOUFINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED,CHECK YOUR WORK ONTHIS TEST. 0211201062007Ce. Test cope 02112010 FORM TP 2006183 MAYAUNE 2006 CARIBBEAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL ADVANCED PROFICIENCY EXAMINATION CHEMISTRY UNIT 1-PAPER 01 hour 45 minutes (Candidates are advised to use the first 15 minutes for reading through this paper carefully. Writing may begin during this time. READ THE FOLLOWING INSTRU CTIONS CAREFULLY 2. There are THREE questions from each Module. Answer ALL questions. 3. Write answers in this booklet 4. ALL working must be shown inthis booklet. 5. The use of non-programmable calculators is permitted, 6. A data booklet is provided. | L._ This paper consists of NINE questions. Copyright © 2004 Caribbean Examinations Council ®. All rights reserved. 02112010/CAPE/F 2006MODULE 1 Answer ALL questions. 1. A sample of titanium gives the mass spectrum shown in Figure 1 @ () © % Abundance e 2 6 mie ratio Figure 1 Calculate the relative atomic mass A, of titanium. Dilip est etinemiatraten ot et SEE [2 marks} Use the data booklet and the mass spectrum given above to determine the number of protons and neutrons of the most abundant isotope of titanium, a po ee [3 marks} Using s. psd. f notation, write the electronic configuration of titanium. [1 mark} GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE 021 12010/C APEYF 2006(d) Draw the shapes of the orbitals of principal quantum number n = 2 in the titanium atom. [2 marks} (e) Another isotope of titanium, *'Ti, decays by B emission. A P-particle has no mass and a single negative charge. Write an equation to represent the decay of a *!Ti atom. (2 marks} ‘Total 10 marks 2. Table 1 below gives the bond angles in molecules of ammonia and water, and the boiling point of each of these substances. TABLE 1: BOND ANGLE AND BOILING POINT OF AMMONIA AND WATER Bond angle Boiling point /°C Ammonia 107° -31 l ‘Water { 104.5" 100 (a) Sketch the shape of BOTH the water and ammonia molecules. [2marks] (>) Explain the difference in the (@) bond angles of the ammonia and water molecules (3marks} GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE (02112010/C APE/F 2006© 2 @) (by a a boiling points of water and ammonia [2 marks] ‘Suggest the shape of a molecule of hydrogen sulphide. (1 mark} How would the bailing point of hydrogen sulphide compare with that of ammonia? Explain your answer. [2 marks) ‘Total 10 marks Define the term ‘enthalpy change of solution’ a [i mark] ‘State Hess' Law. (1 mark J GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE 02112010/CAPE/F 2006(ii) Use the data in Table 2 and apply Hess’ Law to determine the enthalpy of solution. of hydrogen fluoride gas. TABLE 2: ENTHALPY CHANGES ASSOCIATED WITH DISSOLUTION OF HF GAS: Enthalpy change (A H) KJ mol" AH HF +562 Bond dissociation (BD) au F ~ 328 Electron Affinity (EA) AH H +1310 Ionization Energy (1.B) aH Fr = 506 Hydration (Hyd) AH Ht = 1300 Hydration (Hyd) [5 marks} GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE 0911 9M10/C APFYF 2006,(iii) Any chemical change involves processes of bond making and bond breaking. Classify EACH process as exothermic or endothermic and, hence. explain the value obtained in (b) (i) on page 5. (3 marks} ‘Total 10 marks ) MODULE 2 Answer ALL questions. 4. Aspartame, the structure shown in Figure 2 below, is an artificial sweetener. It is about 200 times sweeter than sucrose. ° ° I U H,N—CH— C —NH ——CH— C—0H | I cH, cH, ts COOH i Figure 2 (a) Which of the functional groups present in aspartame would react with @® ethanol? [mark J ) dilute hydroctilorie acid? (2 marks} GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE 02112010/C APE/F 2006 \ a(ii) ethanoyl chloride? obo en eS [1 mark} (b) Name the OTHER chemical that is required for the reaction with ethanol to occur. SS a [1 mark] (©) The scheme in Figure 3 shows that the conversion of A to € occurs in two steps. A is converted to B on treatment with SOCI, H ® Figure3 © () Draw the structural formula of B. [i mark} Gi) State the reagents and conditions required for the conversion of B to C. iG ee ee [2 marks} Git) State ONE physical property that is characteristic of BOTH Compound € and that “obtained in the reaction described in (b) above. Explain your answer. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE (0211201 0/CAPE/F 20065. Dopa is « naturally occurring amino acid, used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. A con densed formula, A, of this molecule is shown in Figure 4 @ ob) © CH, CH(NH, ) COOH (Oo) on ry Figure 4 State TWO reasons why carbon can form straight chains and rings. [2 marks] Write the molecular formula of Dopa. (1 mark} Dopa is one isomeric form of the molecular formula in (b) above. (Define the term ‘isomerism’. (Ui mark) (i) State TWO types of isomerism which can be exhibited by a molecule with for- mula A. ‘Type 1: ‘Type I: [2 marks] GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE 0211201 0/CAPE/F 2006(ii) Draw the full structural formulae of TWO isomers for each type of isomerism stated in (c) (ii) on page 8 ‘Type I: ‘Type I: [4:marks] ‘Total 10 marks GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE 02112010/CAPE/F 2006S08 ‘The sequence of monomer units in a macromolecule is called its primary structure. Part of the primary structure of one macromolecule, A. is shown in Figure 5. HE sHelOg Heat G8 He He 0) feos sala lie lel alt -N-C-C-N-C-C-N-€-C- | | I H-C-CH 6G (cH), I ee cu, NH, I On cu, Figure 5 (@ (How many monomer units are present in this portion of the macromolecule? mark } Gi) Draw the displayed structure of wo monomers used to make A {2 marks} (b) To what class of compounds do the monomers and macromolecule, A, belong? Monomer: Macromolecule A: [2 marks} GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE, 0211201 0/C APEVF 2006(©) Nylon 6.6 has similar characteristics to A. (i) __ Name the type of reaction that occurs when nylon 6.6 or A is boiled with concen- trated hydrochloric acid. a I el mark J Gi) Copy the structure of A. and use it to illustrate the changes that occur during the reaction described in (c) (i) above, [mark] Giiy Draw the fully displayed structure of ONE product ofthe reaction described in (©) @above. [1 mark] (@) State ONE common structural feature and ONE different structural feature in nylon 6.6 and A. ee ee SS [2 marks} ‘Total 10 marks GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. 02112010/CAPE/F 2006(a) ) ©) ae MODULE 3 Answer ALL questions. In order to estimate the ‘% of Fe"* in a compound M. a solution of M is titrated against a standard solution of potassium permanganate (manganate (VI1)). ‘The permanganate is standardised by titration against the primary standard, ethan« ic ai State THREE characteristics of ethanedioic acid that make it a suitable primary standard. {3 marks} In preparing the solution of ethanedioic for titration against the permanganate, two pieces of laboratory equipment with a high degree of accuracy are required. Name these TWO pieces of equipment. [2 marks] 25.0 cm’ of the aqueous solution of M requires 24.80 em’ of 0.02 mol dm permanganate for complete reaction. The equation for the reaction is S Fe*(aq) + MnO,(aq) + 8H'(aq) > 5 Fe™(aq) + Mn*"(aq) + 44,0 Calculate EACH of the following: @ The number of moles MnO,” used [1 mark} (ii) ‘The number of moles Fe" in the 25.0 em’ of aqueous M [1 mark] GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE (02112010/CAPEVF 2006aa Giiy The number of moles Fe in 1.0 dm’ of M (aa) [i mark | (iv) The mass of Fe™ in 1 dm’ of M (aq) [1 mark] (W) The % Fe* in the compound {The mass concentration of Mis 40.90 ¢ dm] {mark} ‘Total 10 marks GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE _/ 02112010/C APSE 2006ree 8. A variety of chromatographic methods can be used to separate mixtures. @) (b) @ «i Gai) What is meant by retention time as applied to gas liquid chromatography (GLC)? (Uimark | Distinguish between a stationary phase and a mobile phase used in chromatography. [2 marks! Give ONE example EACH of commonly used stationary and mobile phases in GLC. [2 marks} Samples of TWO different brands of black ink are separated into their constituent parts tusing paper chromatography. Both samples contain a red dye. In the first sample the solvent travels 7.54 em, while the red dye travels 4.67 cm. In the second sample the red dye travels 3.31 cm while the solvent travels 5.34 em. @ Calculate the R, values for the TWO samples. [2 marks} GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE j 02112010/CAPE/F 2006% (a) ) aris — Gi) Deduce whether the same red dye is used to make both types of ink. Give TWO. reasons for your answer. [3 marks} ‘Total 10 marks Infra red (IR) spectroscopy is widely used to determine the structure of molecules. State the principles upon which infra red (IR) spectroscopy is based. [3 marks} Even though air consists of 78% N, and 21% O,,, these gases do not contribute to global ‘warming. Explain this phenomenon. 02112010/CAPEIF 2006© @ © o Tiaes Explain how the IR spectra may be used to distinguish between functional groups in organic compounds. (1 mark | The carbonyl group, C=, has absorption peaks in the region of 1680 t0 1750 em, while the peaks for the alkene group, C=C, are manifested in the region of 1610 to 1680 cm". What does this say about the bond energies of the >C = O and °C = C func- tional groups? (1 mark } U1 mark | (The monochromator and sample cell are components of the IR spectrophotom- eter. Give ONE reason why the monochromator and sample cell are not constructed of glass or quartz. i) What material may be used instead of quartz or glass? [i mark } Total 10 marks END OF TEST 021 12010/CAPE/E 2006