C2 REVISION CHAPTER 1 STRUCTURE & BONDING

Fill in the gaps:

When two elements react together they make a _________ substance called
a_________. It is _________ to separate the elements after the reaction.
Some atoms react by sharing electrons. We call this _________ bonding. Other
atoms react by _________ or _________ electrons. We call this _________
bonding. When atoms react in this way they get the electronic structure of a
_________ gas.

Use pictures and words to describe each type of bonding:

Ionic

Fill in this table:

Ionic Compound

Ratio of ions in
compound

Sodium chloride

Na+ : Cl1:1

Magnesium oxide

Formula of compound

Covalent

MgO
Ca2+: Cl1:2

CaCl2

Metallic

Fill in this table of more complicated ions:

Name of ion

Formula of ion

Calcium hydroxide,
Ca(OH)2

hydroxide
NO3CO32Suphate

Example of compound

Mg(NO3)2
Sodium carbonate

CaSO4

KEY WORDS:

Electronic structure
Covalent bonding
Ionic bonding
Proton
Electron
Ion
Giant structure (lattice)
Metallic bonding

ASSESSMENT:

C2 REVISION CHAPTER 2 STRUCTURE & PROPERTIES

IONIC COMPOUNDS
What type of force holds the ions
together?

SIMPLE COVALENT MOLECULES

GIANT METALLIC SUBSTANCES

How strong are the forces between

covalent molecules? [intermolecular
forces]

Why can metals be bent and shaped?

What are delocalised electrons?

Draw a giant ionic lattice:

How does this affect their melting
and boiling point

Why do metals conduct electricity?

How strong are the forces between

atoms in a covalent bond?
[intramolecular bonds]

How are polymers classified:

Why do ionic compounds have high

melting and boiling points?

What is nanoscience?

Thermosetting:

Thermosoftening:
Why can ionic compounds conduct
electricity when molten or
dissolved in water?

GIANT COVALENT SUBSTANCES

Why is graphite slippery and conduct
electricity?

KEY WORDS:

Giant ionic structures

Intermolecular forces
Macromolecules
Fullerenes
Shape memory alloys
Polymers
Thermosetting / Thermosoftening
Nanoscience

ASSESSMENT:

C2 REVISION CHAPTER 3 HOW MUCH?

Complete the table
Relative
Charge

Relative
Mass

Proton

Write how many there are

in:
23

Na11
Electrons:

What is Mr?

Protons:
Neutrons:

Neutron

What is the Mr of C2H5OH?

What is an isotope?
What is a mole?

Electron

What is percentage yield and what is the equation to calculate it?

What is atom economy and what is the equation to calculate it?

Calculate the percentage yield of calcium carbonate when 200tonnes of limestone

is used and 98tonnes of carbon dioxide is produced:

How do we identify
food additives?

What is Ar?

What is gas
chromatography?

What is mass
spectrometry?

Balance the equation and say how many moles of each

substance there are:
H 2 + O2
H2O

What is the symbol for a reversible reaction?

Explain what happens after we add just reactants to a
reversible reaction?

KEY WORDS:

Atomic number
Mass number
Isotope
Relative atomic mass
Relative formula mass
Mole
Empirical formula
Molecular formula

ASSESSMENT:

C2 REVISION CHAPTER 4 RATES & ENERGY

What do we mean by rate of reaction?

Explain the effect of concentration on

the rate of reaction

Explain the effect of temperature on the rate

of reaction [think about: kinetic energy &
number of collisions]

Draw diagrams to represent it?

Draw diagrams to represent it:

What 4 factors affect the rate of a

reaction?

What must happen for a reaction to

occur?

What is the smallest amount of energy

that must be overcome for a reaction to
occur?

Low concn

High concn

Low temp

High temp

How does surface area affect the rate of reaction?

What do catalysts do?

Explain exothermic reactions:

Explain endothermic reactions:

What happens to them during a reaction?

What energy changes are

involved in a reversible
reaction?

KEY WORDS:
Collision theory
Activation energy
Catalyst
Exothermic
Endothermic
Thermal decomposition

ASSESSMENT:

C2 REVISION CHAPTER 5 SALTS & ELECTROLYSIS

What is a base?

What is produced when an acid and a

metal react?

What is electrolysis?

What is an alkali

Acid + Metal

What do we call the substance that is broken down during

electrolysis

What ions make something acidic?

Give a specific example:

What is the negative electrode called?

What is another name for an acid?

P__________ D__________

What is the positive electrode called?

What is produced when an acid and a

base react?

Label a diagram showing the electrolysis of copper bromide

What ions make something alkali?

Acid + Base
What is the pH scale?

Give a specific example:

What ions are formed?

How is electrolysis
used to extract
aluminium?

Why to we electrolyse
brine?

What is
electroplating?

What are the half

equations?

How is it work?

KEY WORDS:
Alkalis
Bases
Acids
Neutral
State symbol
Indicator
pH scale

ASSESSMENT: