tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen

aebmfw
mtUUv
X

tIc-fk
- m

hnZym-`ym-k-h-Ipv
Xbm-dm-n-bXv

kwm\ hnZym-`ymk Kth-jW ]cn-io-e\ kanXn (SCERT), tIcfw

2011

tZio-b-Km\w
P\-K-W-a-\- -A-[n-\m-bI Pbtl
`mc-X -`m-Ky-hn-[mXm,
]m-_-knp KpP-dm admTm
{ZmhnU DXv-e- _w-Km,
hny-ln-am-N-e -b-ap\mKwKm,
De Pe-[nX-cwKm,
Xh-ip-`-\mta PmtK,
Xh-ip` Bin-j -am-tK,
Kmtl Xh- P-b- KmYm
P\-K-W-aw-K-e-Zm-bI Pbtl
`mc-X- `m-Ky-hn-[mXm.
Pb-tl, Pb-tl, Pb-tl,
Pb Pb Pb Pbtl!

{]Xn
Cy Fs cmPy-am-Wv. Fm Cy-mcpw Fs ktlm-Z-coktlmZc-m-cm-Wv.
Rm Fs cmPys kvt\ln- pp; kqWhpw
sshhn- [ y- ] qW- h p- a mb AXns ]mc- - c y- n Rm
A`n-am\w sImpp.
Rm Fs amXm-]n-Xm--sfbpw Kpcp--m-scbpw apXnhscbpw _lp-am-\n-pw.
Rm Fs cmPy-n-sbpw Fs \mp-Im-cp-sSbpw ta-n\pw
sFiz-cy-n-\pw- thn {]bXv\npw.

Prepared by :
State Council of Educational Research and Training (SCERT)
Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram 695012, Kerala

Website
: www.scertkerala.gov.in
e-mail
: scertkerala@asianetindia.com
Phone
: 0471 - 2341883, Fax : 0471 - 2341869
First Edition : 2011
Typesetting : SCERT
Lay out
: SCERT
Cover design : SCERT
Printed at
: KBPS, Kakkanad, Kochi
Department of Education, Government of Kerala

{]nb- hn-ZymYn-I-tf,
ae-bmf`mj-sbbpw kmln-Xy-sbpw Ipdnv IqSp-X Dm-gvNt- bmsS
]Tn-m Ah-kcw \Ip hn[-n-emWv ]mw mknse ]mTy-]Xn Bkq-{XWw sNbvXn-p--Xv. {]tbm-K-k-`--fn \nv `mjmL-S-\-bpsS khn-ti-j-X-I Xncn--dnbm\pw hyXy-kvX-am-\-Z--
D]-tbmKnv hni-I-e\w sNm\pw \app Ign-b-Ww. sshhn-[y-ap
cN-\-I-fn ]cn-Nbw t\Sp-tm-gmWv AXp km[y-am-hp--Xv. Bi-b-hn\n-a-b-ns hyXykvXX ASp--dn-bm Cu At\z-jWw klm-b-Iamhpw.
\p-sS kmwkvIm-cnI]mc--cy-nsbpw aqey-k-ev]-fp-sSbpw
thcp-I At\zjn--dn-bp--Xn\v kmln-Xy-]-T\w hgn-sX-fn-p-p. kaIm-enI kmaq-ly-Po-hn-X-nse {]iv\-fpw {]Xn-k-nIfpw Cu ]mT]p-kvX-I-nse cN-\-I {]Xn-^-en-n-p-p-v.
sshhn-[y-ap cN-\-Ifpw {]h\\ntZ-i-fpw Dsm-n-psImv cq]-s-Sp-nbnp Cu ]mT-]p-kvXIw hn]pehpw hnim-e-hpamb `mjm-]-T-\-n\p hgn-sbmcp-p-sav {]Xo-n-p-p.
kvt\lm-iw-kI
- t- fmsS,

s{]m^. Fw.-F. -Jm-Z

Ub-d-IvS
Fkv.-kn.-C.-B.Sn.

]mT-]p-kvXI cN\mkanXn
AssUz-k

sI.]n. i-c, doU (dn.) doPn-b-W Cnyqv Hm^v FUyq-t-j

(F.-kn.-C.-B.-Sn), ssakq

sNbam

tUm. Un. _-an, s{]m^-k & slUv Hm^v Zn Unmvsav (dn.) tIcf
kh-I-em-ime

AwK-
AIv_ I-n, sa, AssUz-kdn t_mUv, tI{- km-lnXy
Am-Zan

{]Im-i ]n.]n., eIvN-d, Kh. tImtf-Pv, ]m-n

AlZv sjco^v Pn.Fw.-B.-F-v.-F-kv.-F-kv. t^m tKkv,

Imk-dt- KmUv

aS-hq iin, So (dn.) Pn.Fw.-_n.Fv.-F-kv.-Fkv ssXm-Sv

aWn-I-WvT-Zmkv sI.hn., Fv.-F-kv.-F-kv. N-m

D Sn. sI, SmtKm hnZym-\n-tI-X Pn.F-v.-F-kv.-F-kv. Xfn--dv

ISm-tmSv {]`m-I-c, FUn- (dn.) tIc-f- km-lnXy Am-Zan
Nn{X kn.]n., Ub-d-IvS (dn.) lb sk-dn hnZym-`ymkw

taml-\ sI.hn., Pn.Pn.Fv.-F-kv.-F-kv., atcn

blnb ]n., Pn.hn.Fv.-F-kv.-F-kv. ]m-\-
cma ]n., Pn._n.-F- v.F
- k
- v.F
- k
- v. s\md

Pnt\-jvIp-am Fcaw, Pn.Fv.F

- k
- v.F
- k
- v., aSm-bn, ]g-b
- mSn ]n.H.
tPmjn Sn.sI., Pn.F-v.-F-kv. XS-n-dv

t{]a-N-{ ]n., Pn.Pn. Fv.-F-kv.-F-kv. ]-q

hnt\mZv sshimJn, P\mZ-\-]pcw Fv.-F-kv.-F-kv., H-ti-J-c-awKew

{ioP B.-F-kv., hnIvSdn tKkv sslkvIq, t\aw

Znt\-i ]n., Pn.Fv.-F-kv.-F-kv., Fcp-a-s-n.

tUm. kXy-t\-i ]n., Akn.s{]m^-k (dn.) Fkv.-kn.-C.-B.Sn.

\mcm-b-W-ta-t\m ]n., s{]m^-k (dn.) tIc-fh

- a tImtf-Pv,
Xrq

kmlnPm F., Pn.F-v.F

- k
- v.F
- k
- v. ]mf-bw-Ipv

Nn{X-cN\
$ aZ-\, Bv FUn-, amXr-`qan. $ sI. jco^v, Bn-v, amXr-`qan. $ cmP-N{, Kh. hn.F-v.F-kv. he
$ cta-i ]n., Ccn--q lb skdn kvIq. $ Beo-kv, alm-ap-{Z, imkvX-aw-Kew

hnZKv[kanXn
H.F.-hn. Ipdpv, s{]m^-k & slUv Hm^v Zn Unmvsav (dn.), Khsav hnakv tImtf-Pv, Xncp-h-\--]pcw
kp-cw [\p-h--]pcw, {]nkn- (dn.) bqWn-th-gvknn tImtf-Pv, Xncp-h-\--]pcw
hn. a[p-kq-Z\ \mb, s{]m^-k (dn.) skv tkthygvkv tImtf-Pv, Xp, Xncp-h-\-]pcw
tUm. Fkv.-sI.hk-, s{]m^-k (dn.), {ioi-c tImtf-Pv, ImeSn
tUm. Fw.F. Imc-t-cn, s{]m^-k, tImgn-tmSv kh-I-em-ime
tUm. _n.-hn.i-in-Ip-am-, doU, bqWn-th-gvknn tImtf-Pv, Xncp-h-\--]pcw
tUm. sI.F. hm-kp-p--, s{]m^-k (dn.) Khsav hnakv tImtf-Pv, Xncp-h-\--]pcw
tUm. Fkv.-sI. A\n , eIvN-d, tImgn-tmSv kh-I-em-ime

Am-Z-anIv tImUnt\
tUm. ]n.sI.XneIv, dnkv Hm^o-k, Fkv.-kn.-C.-B.Sn.

kwm\ hnZym-`ymk Kth-jW ]cn-io-e\ kanXn (SCERT)

hnZym-`h, ]qP-p-c, Xncp-h-\--]pcw 695 012

t]Pv

1. Imen-em-temew Nne-p-ambv .......................................

07 - 20

sNdp-Xm-bn sNdpw .................................................................... 08

apcn--tcow tNmdpw ................................................................... 11
Bv Amv.................................................................................... 15

2. CcpNnd-Ip-I-sfm-cpa-bn-e--s\... .............................

21 - 31

Chp- am-{X-ambv ......................................................................... 21

kmln-X-y-nse kv{Xo................................................................. 23
bm{Xm-samgn ....................................................................................... 29

3 Aim-n-]h-pdw... .....................................

32 - 45

Kmmcohnem]w ............................................................................. 32
]m-f-m-c ....................................................................................... 35
APp\hnjm-Z-tbmKw ................................................................... 41

4. Imbnt]cn ]q a-Xn-p-thm ............................

46 - 60

hn Ime-Sn-I .............................................................................. 47
DXp-ms InW ............................................................................ 50
ASp-q ......................................................................................... 56
IS-ens hv Hcp hoSv .......................................................... 58

5. tZi-s-cpa ........................................................................

61 - 77

s]mm\n............................................................................................ 62
XIw .................................................................................................... 66
IS--\n- .............................................................................................. 71
Dcp-fn-Ip--ns epo-\nb ................................................... 73

`mc-X-ns `c-W-L-S\
`mKw

IV

auenI I-hy-
51 I.

auenI I- h y- Xmsg- - d - b p- h `mc- X - nse Hmtcm

]uc-sbpw Ihyw Bbn-cn-p--XmWv

(I)

`c-W-L-S-\sb A\p-k-cn-p-Ibpw AXns BZi--sfbpw m]-\-sfbpw tZiob]Xm-I-sbbpw tZiobKm\-sbpw BZ-cn-p-Ibpw sNpI;

(J)

kzmX-{y-n-\p-th-n-bp \psS tZiobka-c-n\v {]tNm-Z\w \Inb

al-\o-bm-Zi-sf ]cn-t]m-jn-n-p-Ibpw ]nXp-S-cp-Ibpw sNpI;

(K)

`mc-X-ns ]c-am-[n-Im-chpw sFIyhpw AJ--Xbpw \ne-\np-Ibpw

kwc-n-p-Ibpw sNpI;

(L) cmPys Imp-kq-n-p-Ibpw tZiob tkh\w A\p-jvTn-p-hm Bhiys-Sp-tm A\p-jvTn-p-Ibpw sNpI;

(M)

aX-]-chpw `mjm-]-chpw {]mtZ-in-Ihpw hn`m-Ko-b-hp-amb sshhn-[y-XoX-ambn `mc-X-nse Fm P\-p-an-S-bn, kulmZhpw s]mXp-hmb

kmtlm-Z-cy-a-t\m-`m-hhpw ]pep-I. kv{XoI-fpsS A-n\v Ipdhp hcpp BNm-c- ]cn-Xy-Pn-pI;

(N)

\psS kn{ikwkvIm-c-ns k--amb ]mc--cys hne-a-Xn-pIbpw \ne-\n-dp-p-Ibpw sNpI;

(O) h\-fpw XSm-I-fpw \Zn-Ifpw h\yPo-hn-Ifpw Ds-Sp {]IrXym D

]cn-nXn kwc-n-p-Ibpw A`n-hr-n-s-Sp-p-Ibpw Pohn-I-tfmSv ImcpWyw
ImWn-p-Ibpw sNpI;
(P)

imkv{Xo- b - a mb ImgvN- mSpw am\- h n- I - X bpw, At\z- j - W - n\pw

]cnjvIcWn\pw D at\m-`m-hhpw hnI-kn-n-pI;

(Q) s]mXp-kzv ]cn-c-n-p-Ibpw i]Yw sNbvXv A{Iaw Dt]-n-p-Ibpw

sNpI;
(R) cmjv { Sw bXv \ - n- s bpw ey- { ]m- ] v X n- b p- s Sbpw D- X - X - e - - f n- t ev
\nccw Db-c---hw hyn-]-chpw Iqm-b-Xp-amb {]h-\-ns
Fm a-e--fnepw DIr-jvS-X-bvp-thn A[zm-\n-p-I.
(S)

Bdn\pw ]Xn-\m-en\pw CSbvv {]mb-ap Xs Ipntm cy-_m-e-I-t\m,

AXXp kwKXn t]mse, amXm-]n-Xm-tfm cm-Imthm hnZym-`ym-k-n\p Ah-k-c- Gs-Sp-p-I.

CXp

Iem-a--ew, CXp tIc-fo-bw--Xn-c-fn-cn-e-I tImn-b-Xn-semcp ]nSn-p-fn-cp-ambv

\nfsbm-gp-In-sb-p-n-hn-sS-bn-S-th-f-bn
sNdp-Xp-cp-n--S-hn-tem ae-bm-fta!
CXp-hgn \S-n-cnmw ]gb ]mW-\m
Xncp-h-c-s Xpbn-ep-Wpw ]mW-\m
s\bvXepw acp-Xhpw Ipdn-nbpw ]mSpw ]mW-\m
CXp-hgn IS-n-cnmw sXcp-hp-Km-b-I
CXphgn IS-n-cnmw Infn-sma-I
CXp-hgn ]d-b\pw ioX--t\m-\pw
]e-I-Y-I Xpn--d-p-\-S-s-bn--Sn-I-fn-en-cpp Im \ocn-en-m-nSmw.
cmth, \o t]mI-cptX! (A, t]mbn-hcq!)

A----Wn-

tIc-f-ns Iem-]m-c--cy-s-p-dnv Fsmw kqN-\-I-fmWv Imhy-`m-Kp

\np e`n-p-Xv?

ae- b mfw

Dmbnhmcnb
Za-bn:
[]hn]
kJn-amtc, \app P\-I-]mtiz
sNm-eo IuXpIw?
[A\p]hn]
kI-e-`q-X-e-K-X-I-Y-I Nne ]dbpw
kabw IgnXn\p kZp-]m-b-anXp \q. (kJnamtc!)
[NcWw]
kJn-am : t]mI ]qm-hn-sep ]pXp-a-[p-h-Nt\!
henb \n_w Xh hmgp-tcw `ht\
t]mhm Xstbm hp ]qtW-p-h-Zt\!
Iman\oaute! sNmI ImX-c-\-bt\!
[]hn]
kpJ-ambv \ap-n-n-hnsS \q\w
tXmgn! -ss`an! ImI \o.
ZznPm-hn sNS

tIcf ]mTm- h en

[Nc-W-]
Za-bn:

1. Ne-Z-fn-Q-mcw sNhn-I-fn-ew-Kmcw
tImIn-e-Iq-Pn-X- sImSnb IW-iq-e-
Ipkp-a-ku-c`w \mkm-Ip-l-c-k-c-ss-cn`
aXnZpxJIm-c-W-an-m-cm-a-k--c-Ww.
2. ansmSn-bndn ante hcn-Itbm?
hn[p-a-e-an-dn nXn-bnte t]mcn-Itbm?
kzW-hW-am-aw ]d-n-p hcn-Itbm?
Ip-InXp \ ]nbq-j-Q-cn-Itbm?
Blcn AS

[Nc-W-]
1. Im-se-{Xbpw IuXp-I-ap-n-Xn-s\-p
Inm Rmt\-hw-hn[w tIp-anm.
2. kzWhW-a-c-bw aRvPp-\m-Z-anXp
\nW-b-sa-\n-n-W-p-sap tXmpw.
3. sXmtt\ Rm ssIIsImp tXmgn-amtc! ssI
Inp-In \m-bn-cpp tIfn-sNbvhm
4. {Iqc-\ km[p-ht{X Nmcpcq]; \n
Zqsc \nev]n F-cn-In Bcpw thm.
IeymWn AS

C\n-sbm-cSn \S-m Inpta ssI-sepw

{]Xn-]-Z-a]n tXmp-mdp aw \Sp
AY- _X Za-b-o-am-fn-am-tcmSp thdm
aXp-s]m-gp-X-c-b--{]u-V-\qtN klm-kw.
lwkw:[]hn]
AwK-\-amau-te! _mte!
Bi-sb-bn tX?
[A\p]hn]
Fs\ ]nSn-pp \o
KK\Nmcn-bm-sas?.....

(AwK-\amaute!)

[Nc-W-]
1. buh\w hp-Zn-npw sNdp-Xm-bn sNdpw
Ahn-th-I-anXp Im-e-dn-hp--h
]cn-l-knpw Nne ]gnpw
hgn ]ngbvpw Xh \n\-bvp-tm
(AwK-\amaute!)
2. _\w sNtm \o amw; _p-ht{X Xh Rm;
kJn-am-cn-e-[nIw hniz-knosSs.

ae- b mfw

PK]-Xn-bpw- c-Xn-]-Xn-bpw
Xh- sIm-Xn-bp-sm-cp -]Xn hcp-ta!.....

(AwK-\amaute!)

3. \f-\-Ktc hmgpp Rm \fn\P--h-N-km

\fn-\-an-gn-ams-m-w \S ]Tn-m
aZ-ep-fnXw arZp-e-fnXw
KpW-an-fn-Xw CXp Ifn-bt!
(AwK-\amaute!)
\f-N-cnXw B-Y (Hmw Znhkw)

$ ]qtm-nse A\p-`-h-s-p-dnp ]d-bm AwKmcw, IW-iq-ew, sskcn`w

XpS-nb ]Z- Ihn D]-tbm-Kn-n-cn-p-p. CXns bpn ]cn-tim-[n-p-I.
$ ansmSn-bndn ante hcn-Itbm?
hn[p-a-e-an-dn nXn-bnte t]mcn-Itbm?
kzW-hW-am-aw ]d-n-p hcn-Itbm?
Ip-InXp \ ]nbq-j-Q-cn-Itbm?
lwks hWn-m Ihn D]-tbm-Kn-n-cn-p- ]Z- Ihn-Xsb F{Xam{Xw kp-camp-p? ]cn-tim-[nv Ipdnv Xbm-dm-pI.
$ C\n-sbm-cSn \S-m Inpta ssI-sepw
{]Xn-]-Z-a]n tXmp-mdp aw \Sp
AY- _X Za-b-o-am-fn-am-tcmSp thdm
aXp-s]m-gp-X-c-b--{]u-V-\qtN klm-kw.
Cu `mKw aqIm-`n-\-b-n-eqsS Bhn-jvI-cn-p-I. CXn-s-b-Sn-m-\-n ]mT-`mKw
\mSI-cq-]-n-tep amn Fgp-Xp-I.
$ GsXmcp Iebvpw AXp cq]-s \mSns {]-Ir-Xnbpw kwkvIm-c-hp-ambn
At`Zyamb _-ap-v. IY-Ifn ImWp-Ibpw IY-I-fn-bnse DSp-p-sI-v, Npn,
Inco-Sw, kwKo-Xw, hmZyw Fnh ]cn-tim-[npIbpw sNpI. Chbvv tIcfob {]-Ir-Xn-bp-am-bp _w Isn eLq]-\ymkw Xbm-dm-p-I.

1 0 tIcf ]mTm- h en

IY-I-fn-tb-m {]mNo-\-amb Iem-cq-]-amWv IqSn-bmw. IqSnbm--nse

hnZq-j-I-q-n \nv Hcp-`mKw:

Rm Ah-tcbpw amym-m-cm-bmWv Icp-Xmdv.

Ahcv h ka-bv Rm ]pd--f-nse
Nmcp-]-Sn-ta-en-cn-ym-bn-cp-p. Hpw Ipd-bvmv IcpXn Iment Imepw tIn
Aan-cp-p.
"Fm, Fm-hcpwIqSn Cn-Sv!'
"hnti-sjm-q-y. m Hq-eymv ]dbqw
hm. \psS {Kma-ns A`n-hr-n-bvpthn Bsc-n-ep-sam-cm cmP-tk-hI
- \
- mbn
t]mI-Ww.
"AXn-\m-cmm Xocp-am-\n-t. ]mtzm, \oem-t\m, AtXm Ff[f-[fw]tym?...'
"R-fm-cz-.'
"At, ]nm-cm.'

Rm

Cv Hcp-hn[w kpJ-ambn Xmakn-n-cp--h-\m-Wv. IjvSnv Ign-p-Iq-Sm\p hI-sbms C-p-v. t]mcm-t\v

Dc-ptcw Now H-t-\ow. F\nbvp
kpJm-hm C{X-sbmt thq. As\
Ccn- b v p- t m {Kma- ns ta- nmbn Bsc-n-epsamcm cmP-tk-h-I-\mbn
t]mI-Ws
- ap hp. Akvam-Zn-Is
- f-m-hcpw
IqSn Bcp t- ]m-IW
- s
- a-m-tem-Nn-p. HSp-hn
FtbmW- X n- mbn \n- b n- - X v . AXv
]dbm-\mbn Akvam-Zn-I-sf-m-hcpw IqSn
Fs Cp hp. kztX, Ah-cmcpw
Fs Cp hcm-dn-y. amym amym
FmWv Fm-hcpw Fs hnfn-bvm-dv.
AsXmpw Rm Iqm-m-dp-an-y. F-m,

"AmWv AXn\p \Xv m Fm-hcpw

IqSn \n- b n- Xv . R AXp ]dbmthn hXm'
AXp-tIv F\nbvv ckm-bn. Imc-Ww,
Hcp cmP-tk-h-I-\m-hm F\n-bvm-{Klw
XpSn-bnv Imew Iptd Bbn. Cv Dd-n-cn-p-tm, Nne-tm-sgms B hgn
cmP-`-S-m IpXn-c-p-dp tIdn sRfnp
t]mWXv Rm ImWm-dp-v. Atm XpSn-bXm tamlw, F\nbvpw As\ IpXnc-p-d-p-tIdn aqfn-smcp t]mp t]mhm.
Ctm-tg-Xm-bmepw AXn-sm-c-h-kcw htmv hnNm-cn-v, Dn ktm-j-mbn.
thKw k-Xn-p. y-m, Cdn ]pd-

ae- b mfw 1 1

sSpw sNbvXp. "Gbv, Fm{X [rXn', v

\nco-bvpw. AXnv Imc-W-v. Xma-knm Btf amym-tem. As\ hm
IpXn-c-pdw Ipm-hpw. Ipd-p-Zqcw sNtmgm Hm-Xv, GXp cmPm-hns ASptbvm t]m-Xvsmpw tNmZn-y-mbn-ym-v. GXm-bmepw aS-n-tmbn tNmZnbv-mv shp. Fm-m, "C{X ]cpem Xs IY. m Xm t]mm',
Ftm atm Bsc-nepw ]d-tbvm-smcp
t]Sn. h hgn-t]m-am-tcmSpw ASp-p
cmPm--m-sc-n tNmZn-bvm-sav hnNmcnv Rm \S-p. ]t, BtcmSpw tNmZnbvt--Xmbn hn-y. alm-cm-Pmhv [a]p-{X-sc-n {]iw-kn-p-sImp t]mIp
]e- t cbpw Ip. ]ns kwi- b n- n- y.
Rm At-l-ns cmP[m-\n-bn-tebvv
bm{X Xncn-p. `mKyw-sImv hfsc _pnap-msX F\nbvv [a]p-{X-cpsS apn-sem Ign-p. alm-tbm-Ky-\mb cmPm-hmW-t-l-sav F\nbvv I-tms
a\-n-em-bn. sN DS Rm At-ls
`wKym-bn-sm--\p-{K-ln-p.
Pbn-bvt-Ww `hm-t\w
bn-bvtWw hn]p tX
\in-bv Xh i{Xp-
\bw km[nbv `q]tX!

"Cv Krl-n{Zw klnbv hm-Xm-bncn-p-Wp.'

"Hmtlm, Bcp- X - n- e m. aqpw ap- a m- b nmtWm?'
"AXm'
"]nm-cm.'
"AI-m.'
"Blm, An-\ym. -On{Zw AIp XpSym _pn-ap-
- ym-tW. Bs. Bcp Xnem. AIm-bntem. A-tbm...'
"Ah-cm-cp-a-.'
"tlbv, ]nmcm hg-n-\v.'
"apcn--tcow tNmdpw.,
"Fv, hgtm!'
"B.....'
"Fm {_m-W Cu ]td-Wv. apcn-tcow tNmdpw Xn hgtm!'
"AXv Rm ]d-bmw. Cv apcn--tcn
]p apXte Fpw `-W-n-\p-m-hpw.
hfsc {][m-\-s-smcp `-W-km-[-\-am-bnm-W-Xns\ IW-m-n-bn-cn-p--Xv. B
hnhcw AXn\pw Adn-bmw. y-m, AXp
Imc-W-am-bn-cn-bv-Ww, AXnv Ipd-smcp
ta\n-Iq-Sn-bp-m-bn-p-v. Ctm-gXv Iptds
Itw Bcw-`n-n-cn-bvp-Wp.'

]ns Ipi-e-{]-iv\--f-Sv XpS-n.

"Bcv, apcn--ttcym!'
"{_m-W, hnti-jn-sm-q-y-tem. C{X-tmfwXs, As.'

"AsX.'
"AsX-n-\ym-tSm.'

"AsX, hfsc Znhkmbn Asb Hv

ImW- W wv hnNm- c n- b v p- W p. Ctg
AXnv Xcm-bp-q.'
"Fm {]tXy-Inv?'
"A-s\m-p-m-bn--... msem-q-ym-Sv ]d-bm ht-\ow.'
"FmXv {_m-W? ]d-tm-fq, Hpw
kwi-bnbvm. Ft-smv km[n-bvW-Xm-sW-n Rm sNmw.'

1 2 tIcf ]mTm- h en

"tNmdns t\sc-bmWv B{I-a-Ww. It-mm- W - t em Cv m\w. Itdn

tdn Fm-bo--s, tNmdns m\w
apgp-h apcn-t- cn ]nSn-s-Sp-p. Ctm
tNmdn\v Hcp mt\m-ym-m-bn-p-v. tNmdnsbpw Idn-I-fp-tSbpw Hs m\v apcn-t-cym. Fm tNmdv Hq-ymv ]dm t`mjvIm-thvmv `bv AXp ]tdWn- s yp am{Xw. h- t mgpw Iptd-

syms ImWmw. AXn-\s ]v apcn-t-cn-bvp-m-bn-cp ms\m-q-ymtzm.

D]-Zw-i-]tZ XnjvT
]pcm bw in{Kp-]-hx/
CZm-\o-tam-Z-\-kym]n
[pc-ap-tZzm-Vp-ao-l-tX.'*

Iw Cjv S - s - ntm Ftm, At- l ns tkh-I-m-cn-sem-cm-fmbn Fs

\nb-an-p. ]n-hn-sSmcp Xma-k-m-bn-p-v,
Am... tXp-Ipfn, NXphn[ t`mPy-c-k-tfmSpw IqSnb `-Ww. kpJmb Dd-w,
t\cw-t]mp ]d-b-ev. C\y-Sv Ign-bm
XpS-n.

CXp tIv alm-_p-n-am-\mb B cmPm-hn\v

Imcyw a\-n-embn. y, Fs ckn-

hnZq-j-I-qv tIs-gp-Xn-bXv:
hn.B.-Ir-jvW-N-{

*D]-Zw-i-]tZ ................................... aoltX

apcn--bne ]v Ccp-Xv D]-Zw-i-ns, AXm-bXv Dt-cn-bpsS m\-m-bn-cpp. Ctm-gXv
tNmdn-sbpw ]pdp \pIw hp Ib-dm XpS-nbncnpp. (apcn--bne Ctm tNmdns\
Iogvs-Sp-p-I-bm-Wv. tNmdns m\w apcn--bne ssItb-dn-bn-cn-p-I-bm-Wv. apcn--bn-e-bmWv
apJy-`-Ww. tNmdv \t Ipd-hv. Zmcn-{Zy-ns ]c-am-h-sb kqNn-n-p-p.)

$ ""It--mm-Wtem Cv m\w. Itdntdn Fm-bo--t, tNmdns

m\w apgp-h apcn--tcn ]nSns-Spp''. Cu ]cm-aineqsS NmIym
\nh-ln-p kmaqly[aw FmWv? hnhcn-p-I.
$ IY]d-n-en-s\-p-dnv Ip\ym-cpsS cp \nco-W
-
- Xmsg tNpp:
Nncn-p IY-tI-m-en-cn-p-, am-b-X-s-n
Xncn-p-an-s\ `mhn-n-cn-p `S-msc
Nncn-msX ckn-n-m-s\m-cp-\m-fp-sa-fp-X-.
Hcp-pw eLp-Xzs hcp-p-hm taml-an
Hcp-pw lnX-am-bn--d-hm\pw `mh-an-.

(Ipw`-IW-h-[w)

(]t-t{m-]m-Jym-\w)

\ym-cpsS Cu ImgvN-mSv IqSn-bm--nse hnZq-j-I\n F{X-am{Xw {]Xn-^-enp-p-v ]cn-tim-[n-p-I.

$ GsX-nepw kmaq-ly-{]iv\w {]ta-b-amn. Iqn-se--t]mse kc-k-ambn Hcp
cN\ \nh-ln-p-I.
$ hmsam-gn-bp-sS X\n-a-bmWv Iqnse `mjsb BIj-I-am-p apJyL-SIw. ]mT-`m-K-hp-ambn _-s-Spn kaYn-p-I.
$ tIc-f-nse Hcp hn`mKw P\--fpsS Iem-cq-]-s-p-dn-mWv NphsS sImSpn-p teJ-\-`m-Kv ]cm-ain-n-p-Xv. kam-\-amb Iem-cq-]-sf Ipdnv
At\-z-jnv Ipdnv Xbm-dm-p-I.
""\mn]p-d--fnse hb-te-e-I-fn Rmdv \Sp-tm ]mSn-bn-cp hS-]m-ns
CuWhpw Xmfhpw amn-f-mv kmln-X-y-Ir-Xn-I-fn \apv ImWm Ign-bpw. kuc-y-s-p-dnv ]e Ihn-Ifpw ]mSn-bn-p-s-nepw sshcq-]yw Nn{Xo-I-cn-p-Xv
A]qh-amWv. hS-]m-n Hcp kv{XobpsS sshcq]yw Nn{Xo-I-cn-Xv C{]-Im-camWv:

ae- b mfw 1 3

Im-sb-tmse Idp Nocp

Acn-hmfv t]mse hf Nocp
N-p-f-pw t]-ebpw
F\nnm Nocps\ thsttm.
CtX hr-nepw Xmf-nepw amn-f-m-ns Hcn-i-ep-v, kJq ]S-m-n.
Bc _ocn-X Jmen-sZ-tm
Ap-cn-_mipw XJvv Im
\mcn-I _v Ifnbpw ]mpw
\mX sNInns\ Xmn-t-pw.
Cu ]mn-\p-tijw CtX coXn-bn cNn--s amn-f-m-p-I-sfmw "Ci Bc'
F t]cn-emWv Adn-b-s--Xv.
Bc Ci-en-ep Km\w hSt ae-_m-dnse \mS Iem-cq-]-a-amb "tImXm-aq-cnm-n' ImWmw.
Bc-ymdv \mn ]nd-tm-cm
tImev \mSv In\m-I-o\v
tImev \mSv In\m ImWpw
tIme-aq-Sn-a-s\ ImWm-Ip-p.
tambnIpn sshZ-y-cpsS {]ikvX {]W-b-Im-h-y-amb _Z-dp ap\o lpkv-\p
Pam F IrXn-bn lpkv-\pP-am-ens\ hWn-m D]-tbm-Kn-Xpw CtXcoXnbm-Wv.
]qa-I-fmt\ lpkv-\p Pam
]pm-c-mfw anI _ohn
tla- sas ]Wn Nnncw
B`-c-W-tmh AWns _ohn.
(amn-f-m-ns Xmbvthcp-I hn.Fw. Ipn)

1 4 tIcf ]mTm- h en

Fw. apIp-

inh-cm-a tdmUns shfnw Ipd AcpIn-eqsS ]Xp-s- hon-tep \S-p. hmS-Iho-Sm-b-Xp-sImv ]mn-Sn-te-p hgn
CS-bvnsS amdn-sm-n-cn-pw. ]pXnb hontev Xmakw amp-tm tahn-em-khpw
hgn-Ifpw ImgvN-I-fpw amdp-p. \K-c-n
hnv aqp ]Xn-m-p-I Ign-s-nepw
Abmn-Xp-hsc Xe-Nm-bvm kz-amsbm-cn-S-an-.
As-n kz-sap ]d-bm Fm-WpXv? Cm--Xns env \mp-\m
\op-h-cn-I-bm-Wv.
kn-hmXw h `mcybpw {]mb-]qnbmb aI-fp-ap-v. _mn-sbmw Hp-In
hmS-I-bvs-Sp-tXm As-n ]Wbw
htXm BWv. amk--h-W-I AS-pXom sshIn-b-Xp-Im-cWw Cm
san hmnb {^nUvPv Uoe-dpsS KpI hv _e-am-sb-Sp-p-sIm-p-t]m-bn.
evan Abm-tcm-Sp ]d-Xv Iw{]-k
eov s
- N-pXpIm-cWw Kymkv \ndbvm
sImp-t]m-b-Xm-sW-mWv.

bmWv kmln-Xy-sav ]ttXm Hcp emn\-ta-cn- t\mh-env ]d-n-cpnt?

Iptd hmbn-p-Ibpw ]Tn-p-Ibpw Hs
sNbvX BfmWv evan. ]t...
Aev]a
- I
- se sk v tXmakv kvIqfns Cfw
Nphp sInSw Ip. C\n ]p-an-\nv \Sm aXn ]mn- S - n- s e- m. ]{Xnse tPmen \jvSsp-shp tIptm Fp- km-ln-Xy-amWv Ahp
tXmpI Bthm.
\jvS-s-Sm-sXbpw amdm-sXbpw CXp-hsc
IqsS-bp-m-bn-cp-Xv \mj-W ssSwkv
]{X-nse tPmen am{X-am-bn-cp-p. AXpsImv Hpw anw hbvm Ign-n-snepw In-Ip-Sn-m Ign-n-cp-p. C\n

""t\cv ]d-q-Sm-bn-cptm? C\n-bn-tm-sf{X

Ifhp ]d-tbn hcpw Cuiz-cm...''
Kymkv \ndv {^nUvPv Fm Xncn-p-sImp-h-cm--sXv Abm tNmZn-nt?
Atm-sf-p- ]-d-bpw?
""Kymkv tNmv tISmb {^nUvPvt]mses \sf Pohn-Xw.''
evan kmln-Xy-`m-j-bn A{Xbpw ]dnv Hcp s\Sp- h on- p. Fs- nepw
\jvSs-Sp-tm Ahp kmlnXyw hcpXv Hcp ]Xn-hm-Wv. \jvS--fpsS Hmaae- b mfw 1 5

amkw-tXmdpw evanv Ijm-bhpw Ipgpw

Fs\ hmpw? Bc-Xn-bpsS tImtfPv
hnZym-`ym-k-s-ehv Bcv Xmpw? tImtfPv
Hm^v Bn _n.F-^v.F. cmw hj
hnZymYn-\n-bm-Wv Ah. Xon, asmcp
{]-[m\ sNe-hp-Iq-Sn-bnt? amkwtXmdpw
hop-hm-SIsbs\ sImSp-pw?
]t, apjn ]m ns Ioi- I - f n
ssII XncpIn Ccp-n-eqsS \S-p AbmfpsS Xe-bn \nv Acw Nn-I-sfmw
s]sv Hgn-p-t]m-bn. Ctm Abmsf
Ae-p-Xv apNne Nn-I-fm-Wv.
\mj-W ssSwkn tPmen-sNbvX aqv
]Xn-m-p-Imew a\-m-n-s-Xn-cmbn Hcnepw Hcp hcn-t]mepw Abmsfgp-Xn-bn-ns Nmcn- X mYyw HcnfwImp- t ]mse
Abm-fpsS s]mp Xesb XgpIn ISp-t]m-bn.
Xp-ep-hnv hep-Xmb ]mns Ioi, Iodnb
tImf, Hm-IhoW tkmIvkv, aS-p-I
tX jqkv, ...
AXmWv Ctm sI.F-kv. inh-cm-a.
Abmv hon-se-m [rXn tXmn.
jqkpw ]mpw Agnpamn aps-Spv Acbn Npn-bms ]mXn Bizm-k-ambn. Ipg-ns hmS-bp InS-p-ap-dn-bn Npacn-t\mSp tNn In-en \op \nhp
InS-m thm Hcp Nnbpw Abmsf
Ae-p-I-bn-. honse Zmcn-{Zy-n-S-bn
InS-p-tm Abm kzw Zmcn-{Zy-sp-dnv Nnn-p-I-bn-. Adn-bmsX hontev \S- p Imep- I v thK- t a- d n
hp.
am-n-\-cn-In Fn-b-tm FSp-pIn-S-bn-eqsS tdmUn shfnw hoWp.
hgn-t]m- Abmsf IS-p-t]m-bn. ]e-cpsSbpw ssIbn ]-dnkn ImWmw.
CScw IpSpw-_-m Xma-kn-p Cu
tImf-\n-bn sshIp-t-c-am-hp-tm FhnsS-\n-s-mtam Dp-h-n-I-fpambn ]-1 6 tIcf ]mTm- h en

dn-m hs-pw. am-ns ]cn-k-c-fn sXcp-hp-hn-f-p-I-fpsS Nph-n Ah

m\w ]nSn-pw. Imem-h- -am-dp--tXmsSmw Dp-h-n-I-fnse ]--dn-Ifpw amdnsm-n-cn-pw. Ctm sh-bvmbpw
Imcpw Imt_PpamWv hn-\n-d-sb. ioXImew hcp-tm tImfn-^vf-hdpw apnbpw hcpw. Abm kky-`p-m-Wv.
""tl a\pjym, t]\bvv in-th-Ws
- a-n
Cdow ao\pw Xn-Ww.'' sU]yqn FUn Kncn- c mPv Hcn- ]d- p. Fnv
Abm I-S-bpsS tImWn-eqsS inh-cmas\ t\mn Hp Nncn-p. AsXmcp ]cnlm-k-n-cn-bmtWm? inh-cm-a\p a\-n-embn.
Abm Imep ^b sNbvX tImn
Kncn-cm-Ps apn InS-p-m-bn-cp-p.
sU]yqn FUn- - d psS aq- b p t]\
Abm Fgp-Xn-bp-m-nb tImn-bn
\np hm-p-I sImn-sb-Sp-p-I-bpw
hmN-I- Non-sb-dn-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
CubnsS am{Xw m]-\-n tPmenp
tN ] As\ sNp- t m
Abmp anmsX t\mn\np-hm
am{Xta Ign-p-q. sk v o^ tImtfPn \nv C-tWm-an-Ivkn _ncp-Zm-\-c- _ n- c p- Z - s a- S p Kncn- c mPv , Fw.F- ^ v .
lpssks Nn{X-s
- f-p-dnv Xms\-gp-Xnb
teJ-\-n CS-s]-Sp-Xv Abmv a\n-em-m _pn-ap-pm-bn-cp-p.
AXn\p Kncn-cm-Pn\v adp-]-Sn-bp-v:
""R sk v o^- \ n- b kp- I m
sF.F.F-p-Im-sc-tm-se-bm-Wv. GXp- konepw R Iw^-_n-fm-Wv.''
Fnv Kncn-cmPv Abm-fpsS As\pdnv
]d-p. kmwkvIm-cnI hIp-n tPmbn v
sk{I--dn-bm-bn-cp A Ctm J\nI-fp-sSbpw I-cn-bp-sSbpw a{m-e-bn AUoj-W sk{I--dn-bm-Wv.

""cp
an\n- k v{Sn- b nepw
s]t^makv {_ney v.''

As

Kncn-cmPv Nncn-p.
Av Imo-\n-en-cpv ev Ign-p-tm
Kncn-cmPv inh-cmas Acn-In hn-cpv
Iptdt\cw kwkm-cn-p.- lp-ssks Nn{XI-esbpdnv Abmv kmam\yw \
hnh-ca
- p-m-bn-cp-p. ]t, B Adnhv hmb\-bn \np-m-b-Xm-sWv inh-cm-a\v
DSs\ a\- n- e m- b n. Nn- b n \ntm
^oenMvkn \ntm Dm-b-X-. lpssks\-p-dnv inh-cm-a\
- p {][m\ ]cmXn hcI- f nse \nPo- h - X - b m- W v . hc- I - f nse
ssPhmw-is
- -p-dnv ]d-bp-tm Abm
Ftmgpw DZm-l-c-W-ambn Nqn-m-Wn-pXv kqk-bpsS Nn{X--fm-Wv.
""AXp Xs-bmWv F\npw ]d-bm\pXv
kqk-bp-ambn Xmc-Xayw sNbvsX-gp-Xn-bn-cps-n lpssk-s\-p-dn-p \n-fpsS
]okn\v Ipd-p-IqSn ]p-m-Ip-am-bn-cp-p.''
]t, inh-cm-as Iemhnai-\-ssi-enbn Xmc-Xay]T-\-n\v m\-ap-m-bncpn. Hmtcm Nn{X- s bpw AXns
kzw _e-n Dun kzX-{-ambn ]Tnp Hcp k{-Zmbw Abm CXn-\Iw
hfn-sb-Sp-n-cp-p. Xs a\-m-ns-Xn-cm-bn Hpw Abm Fgp-Xp-I-bp-an. AXp-Xs
- -bmWv Hcp Bv {InnIv F
\ne-bn Abm km-Zn bin\p ImcWhpw. Hcp ]t, Abm-fpsS Zmcn-{Zy-n\p Imc-Whpw AXp-X-s-bm-Imw.
""A-s\m t^mdn-\n t]mIm-Xv?''
BcXn ]e-Xh
- W tNmZn-p. ""\tcjv An
F{X {]mhiyw e-\nepw \yqtbmnepw
Hs t]mIv-Xv...''
\tcjv atlm{X `mc-Xob ssSwkns
Bv {Inn-m-Wv.
""\n--s\mcp ]g-\m tamtf.''
thjw sImpw inh-cm-a Hcp ]g--\mWv. Abm \tcjv atlm-{X-sb-tmse

Npahsc apSn hfp-Itbm ss]p henp-Itbm Hpw sNp-n-.

Hcn- inh-cm-a Kncn-cm-Pns ]pXnb
^vfmn t]mIm-\n-S-bm-bn. AXv Abm-fpsS
lukv hmanMv ]mn-bn ]s-Sp-m-\mbn-cp-p. Xs-mfpw hfsc {]mbw Ipd
Kncn-cmPv {]i-kvXcpw [\n-Icpw Xma-knp \K-c
- ns sXp-`mKv Hcp \mep
s_Uvdqw ^vfmp-hmnbXp- Iv inh-cma AXnibn-p. Cm-en-b ^Wn-dpw
Imivao ImpwsIm-e
- c
- n B hoSn\v
bm{n-I-am-sbmcp `wKn-bp-m-bn-cp-p. inhcm-a\v AhnsS ImWm Ign-bmsX t]mbXv
]pkvX- I - fpw
amkn- I - I - f p- a m- W v.
\yptbmv ssSwkns Hcp tImn-b-msX
asmcp ]{Xhpw AhnsS In-. Abm-fpsS
Un dqan Iyqdpw ASp-n-h Iptd
^vtfmn-I-fp-ap-m-bn-cp-p.
Kncn-cmPv ]Xn-hmbn inh-cmas Fgp-n
CS-s]-Sm XpS-n-b-tm Fp sN-Wsa--dn-bmsX Abm hnj-an-p. Abm-fpsS
]{X-ns Bv t]Pns D-c-hm-Znw
Kncn-cm-Pn-\m-Wv. Fm shn-bm-gvNbpw inhcm-a Fgp-Xp Iem-{]-Zi-\--fpsS \ncq]Ww B t]Pns apJy BIj-W-am-Wv.
]e-tmgpw Ac-t-Pn Nn{X-t- fm-sS-bmWv
AXp sImSp-n-cp--Xv. CubnsS Kncn-cmPv
Nn{X- sImSp- p ]Xnhv \nn.
AXn-s\-p-dnp tNmZn--tm Abm
]dp:
""Nn{X- ImtW- - h Kyme- d n- b n
t]mbn ImWpw. \ AXn-\p-thn hne]n-Sn kvs]bvkv \jvS-s-Sp-t--Xn-.''
inh-cm-a FUn-sd Iv kwkm-cn-m
{ian-s-nepw B {iaw ^en-n-. FUnsd ImWm t]mepw Ign-n-.
Kncn- c mPv XpSn- S - s ]- S p- I - b m- s W- n
asmcp ]{X- n- t ev amdp- Imcyw
Abm Kuc-]qhw Btem-Nn-p-Xp-S-n.
]t, GXp ]{X-n-tev?
ae- b mfw 1 7

`mKy- h - i m AXp thn- h - n- . Hcp

s^tm-jn-p-ambn Kncn-cmPv e-\n-te-p
t]mbn. ssZhw Fpw Ie-bp-sSbpw IemIm-c-m-cp-sSbpw `mK-m-sW Abm-fpsS
hnizm-ks AXp _-e-s-Sp-n.
XpS- v Kncn- c m- P n- s \- p- d nv inh- c m- a
Hpw tIn-. ]noSv Adnp, Abm
Ctm \yqtbmn C\m- j - W
tamWn-d
- n ^n-em-sWv. Kncn-cm-Pn-s\-tmep sNdp--m Pohn-X-n IpXnv
aptmpt]mIp-Xv Abm A-c-tmsS
t\mn-\n-p.
]t, Kncn- c mPv t]mbnpw inh- c m- a s
{]iv\- Xon-. \mj-W ssSwkn
]Xps henb am- kw`-hn-p-sIm-ncp-p. Ftmgpw i_vZn-p-sIm-n-cp sSen{]ndpI Cm-sX-bm-b-XmWv BZyw I
{]I-Sa
- mb Hcp amw. sSen{]n-dp--If
- psS IqsS
H- h - p- s Im- n- c p ssSv s sd- - d p- I fpw
Cm-sX-bm-bn. Fm-bn-Spw Iyq--dp-I
m\w ]nSn-p. Atmgpw inh-cm-a Xs
]gwsN sdan- M v S ssSv - s sd-
ssIsh-Sn-n-. Abm-fpsS ssSv-ssd-dns H Iyq--dp-I \nc-p-In-S-p
ioXo-Ic
- n \n-_vZa
- mb Hm^o-kp-If
- n-tev
Hcp A]-i_vZw t]mse IS-p-sN-p.

]cn-N-b-ap {]mb-amb apJ- A{]-Xy-am-Ip-Xpw Abm {in-p. Ah-cpsS

m\v Poknp \S-p bph-Xn-Ifpw
bphm-fpw hp. Im\qmp Ime-ambn
Cwo- j n Iem- h n- a i- \ - s a- g p- X p
Abmv Ah-cpsS kwkm-c-nse ]e
Cwojv {]tbm-K-fpw a\-n-em-bn-. inhcm- a s\ AXp Xfn. Xm `mj
adpt]mhpI-bmtWm? As-n `mj
Xs ssIsh-Sn-bp-I-bmtWm?
`mj-am-{X-a-, PohnXw Xs Abm adp
t]mbn-cn-p-p Fv Hcp Znhkw evan
]d-p. Ah-cpsS Imap-p-I \ocp-hv
hon- c p- p. app- I cpw tXp
Xon-cn-p-p. In-en \nv Xmsg Cdp-hm Ign-bm hn[w Ah Ah-ibmbn.
""evao, Fm IjvS-m-Sp-Ipw Hc-h-km\-ap-v.''
""Ftm, s ISnv, t?''
inh-cm-a anm-sX-bn-cp-p. kzw hmpI-fn Abmv hnizmkw \jvS-s-p-Xp-Sn-bn-cn-p-p.
inh-cm-a Hpw anmsX kzw ssIIfn t\mn-bn-cp-p. Abm-fpsS ssI\-Jpn tNdp-m-bn-cp-p. hncep-Ip apI-fn XSn-p-\np
Rc- p- I FtXm Cg- P - p- - s ftmse tXmn-p. Abmv kzw
ssII-tfmSv \ockw tXmn. Hn\pw
sImm ssII.
Abmp ]pkv X - I - - f psS Hcp
henb tiJ-c-apv. Hcp ]pkvX-Ihpw
amkn-Ibpw ssIhn-p-t]m-Im k-Xnn- . Ctm Iptdme- a mbn
]pXnb ]pkvX-I- Hpw hmmdn-. ]W-an-m--Xp-Xs Imc-Ww.
]gb ]pkv X - I - - f psS Ih- d p- I
an. Nne-sXms Dd-Ip-n.

1 8 tIcf ]mTm- h en

inh-cm-at-Xmb Fmw ]g-Ip-Ibpw PoWnp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-p-p.

Cpw cmhnse cv DW---mn Xnv
AXn\pap-I-fn ISp--n Hcp Nmbbpw
IpSnv Abm Bo-kn-tev ]pd-s-p. Cdp-tm mnIv kn FSp-m adn-. evan-bpsS Ijm-bhpw Ipgpw
Xon-cp-p.
cp _p-I amdn-b
- dn hnbp Ipfnv
Abm IrXy-k-a-bv Xs Bo-kn-sen. sshIp-tcw Abmv cp Nn{X{]-Zi-\- ImWm\p-v. {]Zi-\-
ImWm t]mIp--Xn\p {Smkvt]mv C\n Abmv \q-tXm Ccp-qtdm DdpnI Inpw. _ntem Im\- S - b mtbm
t]mbn B ]Ww sImv ]pkvX-I-
hmp-I-bmbncpp ]Xn-hv. Ctm B
ss]k-sImv Hcp \ ]pkvX-Ihpw Inn. ]pkvXI
-- -v {]tXy-Inv, Ie-sb-pdn-p ]pkvX-I-v Xo ]nSn hnebm-Wv. B ss]k Ctm- Abm D]tbm-Kn-p-Xv Ijm-bhpw Ipgpw hmm\m-Wv.
]Xn-s\mp aWnv sU]yqn FUn- chn`q-j inh-cm-as\ Xs Iym_n-\n-tep
hnfn--p. Kncn-cm-Pn-\p-]-Icw h Bfm-Wv.
aoUn- b m- b nepw Iyq- W n- t - j - \ nepw
]nF- v . - U n. FSp- Xv \yqtbmn
\nmWv.
""Cp sshIp-tcw Xm Hcp {][m\
Ch v Ih sN-Ww. \n^vnse Ahkm\-hj hnZymYn-I-fpsS ^mj tjm. hn
ImSv At^mUv Sp ankn-v.''
Iyq- kv{Io\n\nv Is-Sp-msX
chn`qj ]d-p. tamWn-d
- ns Acn-In
Hcp Xpd tImf-bpsS Iym Dm-bn-cp-p.
Abm inh-cm-as apJp t\mmsX
hnden tImf Hcp Ihn IpSnv Iym
Xmsg hp.

""Cv {][m-\-s cs-Ivkn-_n-j Ih

sNm- \ p- v. ]cn- t Xmjv skns
sdt{Smkvs]IvSohpw...''
""sF t\m, Xm Rm ]d-bp--Xp-t]mse
sNbvXm aXn.''
""Fs-tmse Hcm Ipn-I-fpsS ^mj
tjm Ih sNmt\m?''
""Fp-sImv ]mSn-? Xm Cu _qjzm
hmeyq-skms If-b-Ww. ]ns FtmSv
Xn-m hc-cp-Xv. sF ao, sF t\m
hmv Abmw tkbnMv.''
kzm`m-hn-I-ambpw inh-cma ^mj tjm
Ih sNm t]mbn-. Abm ]cn-tXmjv
skns sdt{Sm-kvs]-IvSohv t]mbn Iv
Hcp henb tImn-sb-gpXn ^b sNbvXp.
]nm-tkm-hns\ t\cn-p-Ip kwkm-cn
aqtm \mtem Cy Nn{X-Im-c-m-cn
Hcm-fm-Wtm ]cn-tXmjv sk. Ah-cpsS
IqSn-m-gvN-sb-p-dnv inh-cma Hcn-
Xs ]{X-n Fgp-Xn-bn-cp-p.
Im\qm- n- \ p- n BZy- a mbn B
hmcmyw \mj-W ssSwkns Bv
t]Pn Nn{X-I-e-sb-p-dn-p \ncq-]Ww
hn-. Av Bv t]Pn IXv ^mj
tjmhns hW-Nn-{X--tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb apgpt]Pv tmdn-bm-bn-cp-p. AXv Fgp-Xn-bp-mn-bXv Poknp \S-p sImps]-pw.
Ah Cubn- s S- b m- W v s{Sbv\n- b mbn
tNXv.
sIn-S--fnse shfn--an-m ]nh-gn-bneqsS \Sv Abm Xs hon-tep Ibdn-s-p. evan ]Xn-hp-t]mse IbpInen InS-p-I-bm-Wv. Acn-In-en-cpv aI
Im XS-hn-sm-Sp-p-p.
A-s\- Iv BcXn HmSn-h-p.
""KpUv \yqkv Am.''
\ hmtbm? A-s\-sbmv C\n Cu
Pohn- X - n- e p- m- I ptam? Abm s\n
Npfnv aIsf t\mn. Bm-Z-m Ahae- b mfw 1 9

fpsS ]p-Ifpw Ip-Ifpw Hcp-t]mse {]Imin-p.

""CXv Rm\mtWm tamtf?''

""RfpsS B\p- h tjmhn\p F\nsmcp km\w Inn Am.''

""AsX, AXs.''

Ah km\w Innb Nn{Xw Bth-itmsS Abmsf ImWn-p. ""Fs A''

FmWv Nn{X-ns t]cv. \meSn \ofhpw
aqSn hoXn-bp-ap kmam\yw henb Hcp
Nn{X-am-Wv. Xnco-\-ambpw ew_-ambpw
Iymhm-kn hn\y-kn Iptd ISpw\nd-fn-ep {XntIm-W
- fpw NXp-c
- fpw hr-fpw.

Abm Bi--tbmsS tNmZn-p.

inh-cm-a Nn{Xw Xncnpw adnpw t\mn.

Fs\ t\mn-bnpw Abmv B Nn{Xn Xs apJw ImWm Ign-n-.
Abmv Xs apJw \jvSs-n-cp-p.
Ft-p-am-bn...
Znt\m-k-dp-I-fpsS Imew

$ Iem-`n-cp-Nn-bn Dm-Ip Imen-I-amb am-sf IYm-Irv F-s\-bmWv

\nco-n-p-Xv? IYm-Ir-ns ImgvN-m-Sn-t\mSv \n tbmPn-p-ptm?
NsNpI.
$ IY-bpsS Xe-sv \Ip Bibw hni-I-e\w sNp-I.
$ IY-bn Ah-Xc
- n-n-n-p IpSpw-_m-c
- o-
- ns khn-ti-jX
- I
- Fsmw?
$ ""R sk v o^-\n-bkp-Im sF.F.-F-pIm-sc-tm-se-bm-Wv. GXp k
-- onepw R Iw^-_n-fm-Wv'' ]pXnb Imes s{]m^-j-W-ep-I-fpsS at\m`m-h-amWv ChnsS {]I-S-am-hp-Xv. Cu kao-]-\s \n Fs\ ImWpp?
$ Iem-\n-cq-]-I F \ne-bn inh-cmasbpw Kncn-cmPn-sbpw kao-]\coXnI Xnep hyXymkw NsNp-I.
$
2 0 tIcf ]mTm- h en

kpK-XIp-amcn

Chpam{Xambv, IStemfw Io
IpSnh, Nnshbnsemfn t]mse
Nncnh, Dn sImSpw XobmfnSpw
[cn{Xnsbtmse XWpncph.
Nhnm, \np -Nnetm ]qPnm,
]cspnm, ]cnXyPnphm,
XpWbvp ssItImp \Sm, asf
]nSbvpw s\p InSntmphm
Chpam{Xambv Hcp Pw; s\n
Snepnhsmcnp Ipaw,

hnf Npp \nemncn, lrn

hnfpamSnsemcp sISmncn.
Ch ssZhn\pw apIfn kvt\ls
CcpnqPntm, Ch Imens
Icfn am{Xw kamizknpthm.
Chpam{Xamsbmcp Km\w ]mSm-
s\\np \njv^-e-samcp tamlw, kJo....!
(kpK-X-Ip-am-cn-bpsS Ihn-X-I)

ae- b mfw 2 1

$ ""IStem-fw I-o Ip-Sn-h''

""D-n sImSpw Xo-bm-fnSpw [-cn-{Xn-sb-tm-se X-Wp-n-cp--h-''
Cu I-hn-X-bn kv-{Xo-P--n-\p I-h-bn{Xn \In-b hn-ti-j-W- Cpw
{]k-am-tWm? hn-a-i-\m--I-am-bn hn-e-bn-cp-p-I.
$ ""Chpam{Xamsbmcp Km\w ]mSm-
s\\np \njv^-e-samcp tamlw, kJo....!''
Cu hcn-I-fpsS Bi-bw NsNpI.
$ Ihn-X-bn Bhn-jvI-cn-n-cn-p kv{XoPo-hn-Xm-h--I-fn-eqn Bkzm-Z\w
Xbm-dm-p-I.

2 2 tIcf ]mTm- h en

tPmk^v ap-tcn

kmln-X-y-Im-c-m,

hnti-jnp Ihn-I,
Ah krjvSnn-p kv{Xo]m-{X--fn-eq-sSbmWv Pohn- p- - s Xp ]d- b m- d p- v .
tjIvkv]n-b-dp-sSbpw apw IrXn-I \ncq]Ww sNbvXn-p--h-cn Nne ]t Dbn-n-pXmWv Cu A`n-{]m-bw. Imfn-Zmks Imc- y - nepw Cu kv { Xo]- - ] mXs Dbn-n-SnpIn-cp-p. Ctm
ae-bm-f-I-hn-Isf kw_-npw GXm-ns\ Hcp [mc-W-bp-m-bn-p-v. \psS
Ihn-I-fn ka-{K-Po-hn-X-{]-Xn-]m-Z-\-k-aYcmbn Gsd-t-cn-. alm-Im-h-y-Im-c-m B
hgnp t]mb-h-cm-sW-nepw Ah X
\nc-n-h-n-p Pohn-XNn-{X--fpsS t]cne \ne-\n-p-X
- v. \ho-\I
- h
- n--I PohnX-

h-kvXp-sf At]mcnp ]Tnv XpNn-X-ambn tXmnb inev]-n DZv{K-Ynm-hn-jvI-cn-n-p-v. Aq--n {]Y-a-KW-\o-b-\mWv Ipam-c-\m-im. At-lhpw
\mbn-Im-]m-{X--sf-sm-mWv A[n-Ihpw
hnP-bn-n-cn-p--sXv Hc-`n-{]m-b-ap-m-bncn-pp.
Imh-y--fn-se--, \mS-I--fnepw t\mh-epI-fn-ep-sam-s-s kv{Xo]m-{X--fmWv
IqSp-X lrZ-bm-hP-I--fm-bn-p--sXp
s]mXpsh ]d-bmw. AXp \ntj-[n-m
]mSn-m hmkvX-h-am-Wv. ]t, X
krjvSn-p IYm-]m-{X--fn kv{XoItfmSp IqSp-X ]-]mXw kmln-X-y-Im-cmp-m-b-Xn-\m-emtWm A{]-Im-c-am-bnoXv? ]pcpj]m{X--tfmSp kmc-amb
aa- X - s bmpw ImWn- m- d n- s ptm
kmln-X-y-Im-c-m? Ah-cpsS Iem-Iu-i-esams kv { XoIsf krjv S n- p- - X n
t_m[- ] qhw tI{- s - S p- n- b n- c n- p- I bmtWm? Cu tNmZ-y-p kam-[m\w
ImWmsX Ihn-I s]mXpsh kv{Xo]-]m-Xn-I-fm-sWtm kv{Xo k-z-`mh-\nan-Xnbn IqSp-X IrX-{i--cm-sWtm knh--cn-p-Xp kml-k-am-bn-cn-pw.
kv{Xosb ASn-ab
- mtbm Ifn-m-a
- mtbm PohnX-n D]-m-\-n-\p- am{Xw Albmtbm ]cn-K-Wn-p Hcp kmaq-l-y-\o-XnbpsS Iogn-emWv temI-an-t-hsc Ign-pt]m-n-p--Xv. ]pcp-j-t\mSp Xpey-amb Hcp
]Zhn Pohn-X-n kv{Xov A\p-h-Znp
sImSp-p-hm Hcp cmP-ys a\p-kvar-Xnbpw
Xbm-dm-bn-n-. IpSpw-_-am-Wtm kmaq-l-yPo-hn-X-ns AkvXn-hm-c-ambn \npXv. IpSpw-_P
- o-hnXw Bcw`n \msXmp
ae- b mfw 2 3

kv{Xo ]p-cp-js Iogn HXp-n-mt

Ftm HmbnmWv Icp-X-s-n-p--Xv.
Nne \mSp-I-fnepw Nne kap-Zm-b--fnepw
kv{Xo Cpw ASn-a-bm-Wv. \mSp-hm-gnw
\S-am-Sp Nne A]-cn-jvIr-X-tI-{--fn
`mc-y-am-cmtbm shm-n-I-fmtbm F{Xtbm
kv{XoIsf Htc ka-bv hp-sIm-n-cnp ]pcp- j - m- c p- v . B kv { XoI- s fsmp the-sb-Sp-nm-sapw Ah-cn-epm- I p km- \ - sf hfn- s b- S pm Ah-sc-smpw the-sb-Sp-n-msa-p-ap Dd-n-t-emWv As\ [mcmfw
kv{XoIsf hp-sIm-n-cn-p--sX--dn-bpp. A{Xbpw A[-a-amb Hcp \ne a[-y-iXIptijw ]cn-jvIr-X-ambno
cmP-y--fn kv{XoIn-sp k-Xnmw. Fmepw kv{Xo ]pcp-js Iogn-cnWw Fp IpSpw-_-\o-Xnp a[-y-i-XI-p tijhpw tImw Xn-bn-n-.
Cy-bn Bj-kw-kvIm-c-ns At-e-sXmv Ct--e-tbmfw ]cn-tim-[nm ImWmw, kv{Xov ]pcp-j-\n-c-t]-amb Hcp kz-X-{-\ne Hcn-epw hn[n-s-n-n-s-v. Gsd-psd ]pcp-j-s\mw kzX-{-Xb
- h
- I
- m-is
- -Sm kv{XoIp km[nn-p-s-n AXp hr-e-Xm-Zn-I-fp-sSbpw
Pp- P m- e - - f p- s S- b p- s ams sXm- b ]mscp hnNm-cn-m-hp ]Wn-bmfn-S-bn am{X-am-Wv. thp-h-kv{Xopw
]pe- b - k v { Xopw D XtSw ap
kv{XoIp ssIh-n-n-. Npcp--n
Ht ]d-bm-\p-q, am\-h-kw-kvIm-c-ns
taJ-e-bn hp-ho-Wn-p Fm- P-\-k-apZm- b - p- a n- S - b n IpSpw- _ w- s Xmp
cmjv{Sw-hscbp Fm kwL-Sn-X-m-]\--fnepw ]pcp-js tImbva-bmWv \ne-\nn- p- - X v . kv { Xov ]pcp- j - \ p- a mbn
Hp\nv Ahs hcp-Xnp Iogn {]khnpw Ipn-Isf hfnbpw thsd ]e
tPmen-I sNbvXpw Pohn-Xs Dn-n-\on A-cn-p-t]m-Ip-hmt\ PmX-Iapq. ]pcp-j `m-hm-Ip-tm `mc-y2 4 tIcf ]mTm- h en

bmWv kv{Xo. B i_vZ-Xs Pohn-Xn Ah-cpsS m\-sf \nW-bn-np-v. `{Xn-sbpw `mc-y-s\pw ]Z-
adn-n-Sp-hm ]pcp-j Cp-hsc k-Xnn-n-. kv{Xo ]Xn-{h-X-bm-bn-cn--W-sapw
knm--ap-v. F-, ]pcp-j acn-m
kl-[an-Wn-bmb kv{Xo NnX-bn NmSn
IqsS acn--W-sa-m-bn-cpp \nb-aw. Cu
D-c-hm-Zn- ]pcpj]-tpw
hn[n-p-hm kvarXn-Im-c-m Xbm-dm-bn-.
ta- d hkv X pXI hp- s Imp
\apv temtImc--fmb kmln-X-y-Ir-XnI ]cn-tim-[n-mw. an IY-If
- nepw IjvSm-S-\p-`-hn-p-hm kv{Xobm-Wv. IpSpw-_-Pohn-X-n-sebpw kmaq-l-y-Po-hn-X-n-sebpw
\S-]-Sn-n-g-IfpsS {]X-ym-Lm-X- sNSn- p- Xv kv{XobpsS Xe- b vm- W v.
]pcpj]-n-ep-m-Ip Zphr-n-I-fpsSbpw Zpjv{]-hW
- X
- I
- f
- p-sSbpw Fmw ^ew
A\p-`h
- n-t-Xv kv{Xobm-Wv. Fp IjvSm-Sp-m-bmepw am-]qhw kln-p--hfmWv D-a-kv{Xo. Atmsgp hcpp?
am-]qhw Pohn-Xt- -i
- XpS-c
- p-Ssc
A\p-`-hn-p kv{XoI-sfmw Xym-K-im-en-

\n-I-fm-bn-o-cp-p. Aln-m IjvS-mSn-s\m-s--sbpw D-c-hm-Zn-I Xfm-sW-p- hkvXp-Xsb ad-p-hv ]pcpj-m Ahsc "Xym-Kn-\n-I' "Xym-Kn-\n-I'
Fp sImn-b-dn-bn-p-I-bmWv. ]pcp-js
bmsXmcp ssIs-e-hp-an-m kn-^n-n kv{XoI ab-n-tm-Ip-p. ]pcp-js\
tNmZywsNp-hm kv{Xo ss[c-y-s-n-n-.
Fs\ ss[c- y - s - S m- \ mWv ? B- m hnm kv{Xo Bm-hns Ip-I-m-c\mb ]pcp- j s\ tNmZyw sNp- I tbm?
AsXm-cn-epw ]mSn-. C-c-n ZpxJ-fp-sSbpw Zpcn-X--fp-sSbpw An-t-d-h-Imin-\n-I-fmbn. At-b-s Xym-K-im-en-\nI-fmbn Fm {]kn--I-Y-I-fnepw kv{XoI
Nn{Xo-Ic
- n-s
- -n-cn-p-p. ZpxJ-`m-p-If
- mb
IYm-]m-{X--fpsS t]cn a\p-j-y-X-z-ap
hmb-\-mv IqSp-X lrZ-b-kw-hm-Z-apmIpw; IqSp-X klm-\p-`qXn P\n-pw.
KP-hn-{I-a-m-cmb ]pcp-j-msc Fp Nmb-

2 5 tIcf ]mTm- h en

-In-p-I D]-tbm-Knp Nn{Xo-I-cn-mepw

Ah- c psS t]cn A{X- X s hmb- \ mv at\m-e-b-ap-m-Ip-n-. CXp anhmdpw Hcp s]mXp\nb-a-amWv. `qcn-]w
hmb-\
- mpw klm-\p-`q-Xn-bp-fh
- m-Ip-Xv
kv { Xo]m- { X- - f psS t]cn- e m- s W- n
Imhyfpw \mS-I
- fpw t\mh-ep-Ifpw hnPbn-p-Xv kv{XoI-sf-sm-m-sWv hpt]m-IpI kzm-`m-hn-I-am-Wv. Cm-c-y-n
Ihn-I-fpsS kz-X-n--amb cN\mIuiew
kv { Xo]- ] m- X n- b m- b n- t mbn F- X nsmcp ImcWw tXtS--Xn-. `ph-\-{]-ikvX-cmb Fm Fgp-p-Im-cp-sSbpw \namW-Nm-Xpcn kv{XobpsS `mK-tp Nmpt]m-tI Imc-y-an--tm. hnth-I-[-\-\-mb
Hsc-gp-p-Im-c\p thW-sa-n Xs {]Xn`bpsS apXqw B `mK-t-m-ImsX
kqn-m Ign-bpw. hmkvX-h-n IhnI-fpsS ]n]n Adntm Adn-bm-sXtbm
{]hn-p-sIm-n-cp-Xv C{Xbpw Imeambn tNmZyw sN- s - S msX \ne- \ n- pt]m kmaq-l-y-\o-Xn-bmWv. hmevao-In-cm-amb-W-n cma-s\-m-tfsd koX \psS
klm-\p-`q-Xnsb Aln-p-p. ss\j-[n \f- s \- m- f - [ nIw Za- b - n- b mWv
\psS lrZ-bs hnIm-c-X-c-fn-X-am-pXv. kX-y-hms\ A\p-K-an kmhn-{Xnbpw
XssY-h. Imfn-Zm-ks\ \mw Hmp-Xv
Zpjvj-s t]cn-e-, iIp--f-bpsS t]cnem-Wv. Ahtfm? ]c-am-h[n ZpxJ-`m-Kn-\n-bpw.
bqtdm-]-y kmln-X-y-n-tev IS-mepw
CtX A\p- ` hw Xs- b m- W p- - X v.
tjIvkv]n-b-dpsS Ghpw lrZ-bm-hP-I-fmb IYm- ] m- { X- kv { XoI- f m- s Wp
]dbmw. Unn-a-I-ev]-m-cmb ]pcp-j-]m{X- tjIv k v ] n- b IrXn- I - f n- e p- v .
]t, Ah-sc-mfpw \s ]nSn-n-cp-p-Xv, \psS a\-enbn-p--Xv, sUkvUtam- W bpw sImUo- e n- b mbpw ap- a m- W v .
tjIvkv]nb-sd-n Hp ]d-bmw. \mS-I-km{am-Py-
- nse N{I-hn-bmb At-l
- n\p
a\p-j-y-kz-`m-h-ns Fm taJ-e-I-fnepw
ae- b mfw 2 5

shn-smSn \mm Ign-n-p-v. tXmakv

lmUn- b psS hnfn- s t\mh- e p- I
t\mpI. ]e- X nepw kv{XoI- f mWv
XpdppNop- I . At- l - ns "am
]okv' Fp-h-n-p "sSv Hm^v Zn Uyq_hnkv' sSs- p B Hscm
kv { Xo]m- { Xm hnP- b - { io- e m- f n- X - a mb
t\mh-em-Wv. {^mknepw ap-ap-mb IrXnI-fnepw kv{Xo-ImWv {]m_-e-yw. ae-bmf-n Cdh-tcm-sSmw \nm-hp
Fgp-p-Im-cn-. h-hc
- p-ap-s-n Ah-cpsS
IrXn- I - f nepw kv{XoI Xym- K n- \ n- I fmbnon-p-v. kn.hnbpsS sshP-b-nI-bmb kp`-{Z-bp-t- m, Ah-tf-m henb
Hc- n- ] hXw kn.hn.- b psS IrXn- I - f neptm? Fm kmln-Xy-
- f
- n-ep-ambn Nn{XoIr- X - c mb At\- I m- b ncw kv { XoI- f n
sXmqdp iX-am-\hpw ]pcp-js Zpjv{]-`pX-z-n Iogn Zp`-K-Xzw hcn-t-n-h-h-cm-Wv. Ah-cpsS t]cn hopw hopw
temI-nse hmb-\-m thZ-\n-p-sIm-ncn-p-p. s\mp-s\m-mWv hmbnpt]mIp-sX-n-cp-mepw A{Xbpw kv{XoIv,
AYhm Ahsc P\n-n hnim-e-amb temInse kv{Xok-ap-Zm-b-n-\v, ZpxJ-Im-cn-bmbn-o ]g- kmaq-ly\oXnsb [ocambn tNmZywsN- W - s a- p Hcp a\2 6 tIcf ]mTm- h en

nXn hmb-\-mp-m-Ip-n-. FpsIm-m-WnXv? B kv{Xo]m-{X--fn anh-cp-sSbpw tim-\p-`-h- Ahbvp `qjW--fm-sWv, Zpcw hcn-t-n-h-n-ps- n AXv Ah- s b- k w- _ - nn- S tmfw Hcm-tm--Xn-bm-sWv, tXmnp an-emWv Ahsb XZ-zn-[mXm
Ah-X-cn-n-n-p--Xv. koX, Za-b-n, kmhn{Xn, kp`{Z, sUkvU-tam-W, tImUo-enbm
Fn-hc
- n Bsc-p-dnpw asmp tXmpI-bn-. Atm, Xs-Xn-cmb Hcp
\oXn-bpsS _en-]o-T-n lnwkn--s
At\-Im-bncw kv{XoI-fpsS Rc---fnepw
thZ- \ - I - f nepw Imh- y - ] - Z - h n- b n \nv
BmZw sImp- h m A\- - c - X - e - a p- d Ip `mKyw Inn-bn-cn-p-p.
*

Ipam- c - \ m- i ms
IYm- ] m- { X- fn
kv{XoIv \sm-cp- m-\-ap-v. "hoW]qhn'epw "\fn\n'bnepw At- l - ns
\mbn-Ia
- m kvt\l-ab
- n-If
- m-sW-nepw Gsdptd ]gb \oXn- b psS km- \ -
X-s-bm-Wv. ]t, Imbnc Imboc- p Ipns inJ- c - n\np
]Xps Xmsg-bn-dn ka-\n-c-mb `qanbn km[m- c - W - m- c p- a m- b n- S - s ]- - X n\p
tijw Bims aqi-bn hmp-hoW
\mbn-I-am Iptd-qSn XtSw Imp--h-cmbn-p-v. B "eoe'sb t\mp-I. Ah ]gk- { - Z - m - b - ns _enkXz- a mbn
tmbn. Fmepw Ah B ]mc- - c yns t\sc ]n-dp-n-sm-n-cn-p-p.
"bph-P-\-lr-Zbw kzX-{-am
Wh-cpsS Imay-]-cn-{K-tl--bn'
F knmw Bim eoe- b n- e qsS
{]tLm-jn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. "koX'bnsep-tm Bim Iptd-qSn kv{Xop
Icppw Bm-`n-am-\hpw sImSp-p-p-v.
F{Xtbm iXm- _ vZ- - f mbn cmas
Ias \qdp- i - X - a m- \ hpw km[q- I - c n

koXsb Hsms cma-\o-Xnsb hnainp koX- b mbn amp- h m Bim

ss[cysp. Imfn-Zm-k-sbpw apw ZnMvam{X-kq-N-\-I At-ln\p hgn-Imn-bm-bncn-mw. Fmepw Xs koX-bvv Ah-fptS- X m- s bmcp hynXzw kw`m- h - \ sNphm Bims Iem- I u- i ew
D]- I - c nn- p- s p k- X n- mw. B,
ChnsS hcp-tm asm-cp-Imcyw tXmpp. shdpw XymKn-\n-bpsS ]mc--cy-n
\nv koXsb A`n- a m- \ - a p kv { XoXzns ]mc-cy-n-te-p-bn-b-tm
]g-a-bpsS hm-ep ]nSn-p-sIm-n-cn-p-h Bims\ tImS-Xn-bn Ibn hnkvXcn--Ww Fm-bn. AXns AYw asmpa; kv{Xosb C\nbpw ]pcp-js \nn]vX-[-\-ambn hp-sIm-n-cn--W-sa-p
A`n-{]m-b-m-c-mW-h. ]pcp-j-t\m-sSmw
Ccn-m\pw \S-m\pw {]hn-m\pw
Pohn-X-ku-I-cy- A\p-`-hn-m\p-ap
kzmX-{y-tm-Sp-IqSn kv{Xosb Nn{Xo-I-cnp-t]m-tbm, kmam-\y-ambn ]d-m, \ap-

n-jvS-a-. Am-Xncn IYm-]m-{X--fpsS

t]cn \ap-smpw kmc-amb klm-\p-`qXn-bp-an-. Bim Pohn-p--Xp \fn-\nbnepw eoe-bn-ep-am-sWp hmZn-p \ncq]-I-m koX-bnepw Pohn-p-nt Fp
tNmZn-m s]s-p-cw ]d-bp-hm Iqmp- I - b n- . Iptd- qSn Atmp ISv
amXwKn-bp-sSbpw hmk-hZ-
- b
- p-sSbpw Imcy FSp-n-mtem? sImmw, Ahn-sSbpw
Bim an-hmdpw Pbn-n-cn-p-p-shp
]d-bpw. ]t, AXn-\n-S-bvv B "Zpc-hbp'tm, AXnse kmhn-{Xn-sb-pdnp ]d-p-Xp-S-n-bm apJ-`mhw amdpw.
B \q-Xn-cn-sIp-n, thsd- bmsXmcp
\n- - n- b p- a n- m- X m- s W- nepw, B
Nms\ sIn-n-Sn-Xp IS ssIbmbnt Fmhpw ]e- c p- s Sbpw Dn
s]mp tNmZyw. Xmt]mcna ImWnp kv{Xo-A-hsf ]pcp-js kmlnXyhpw Bkzm-Z-\-]m-c--cyhpw shdp-p-psht ]d-bm-\pq.
(]pXnb ImgvNmSn)

$ bYmY Pohn-X-n kv{Xo ]pcp-jm-[n-]-X-y-n\p Iogn ASn--a-s-Spp-s-nepw kmln-X-y-n Ah A\-i-z-c-bm--s-Sp-p Fp ap-tcn-bpsS \nco-Ww {in--tm.
- Xs \nco--W-v ASn-m-\-ambn Atlw Nqn-m-p hkvXp-XI Fsm-s-bmWv?
- Ah Cpw {]k--amtWm? NsNp-I.
$ ""]pcp-j `m-hm-Ip-tm `mc-y-bmWv kv{Xo. B i_vZ-Xs Pohn-Xn Ah-ch-cpsS m\- \nW-bn-n-p-v. `{Xn-sbpw `mc-y-s\pw
]Z- adn-n-Sp-hm ]pcp-j Cp-hsc k-Xn-n-n-.'' (`mhv `cn-p-bm, `mcy`cn- sSp- h ). enwK- h n- t h- N - \ - ns sXfn- h p- I `mjbns \ne-\np-pv F ap-t-cn-bpsS A`n-{]m-bs km[q-Icn-p IqSp-X sXfn-hp-I Is-mtam? kv{XobpsS kmaq-lnI]Z-hn-bpambn _-sv CXns\ Fs\ hym-J-ym-\nmw?
$ ""kv{Xosb ASn-a-bmtbm Ifn-m--amtbm Pohn-X-n D]-m-\-n-\p- am{Xw
Albmtbm ]cn-K-Wn-p Hcp kmaq-l-y-\o-Xn-bpsS Iogn-emWp temI-an-thsc Ign-p-t]m-n-p--Xv. ]pcp-j-t\mSp Xpe-y-amb Hcp ]Zhn Pohn-X-n

ae- b mfw 2 7

kv{Xov A\p-h-ZnpsImSp-p-hm Hcp cmP-ys a\p-kvar-Xnbpw Xbm-dm-bnn. IpSpw-_-am-Wtm kmaq-l-y-Po-hn-X-ns AkvXn-hm-c-ambn \np--Xv.
IpSpw-_-Po-hnXw Bcw-`n \msXmp kv{Xo ]pcp-js Iogn HXp-nmt Ftm Hm-bn-mWp Icp-X-s-n-p-Xv''

\np ]cn-Nn-X-amb PohnXkml-N-c-y- hni-I-e\wsNbvXv ap-t-cnbpsS A`n-{]m-b-ns km[pX ]cn-tim-[n-p-I.

$ \fn-\n, eoe, koX, amXw-Kn, hmk-h-Z-, kmhn{Xn XpSn Ipam-c-\m-ims

\mbnImIYm-]m-{X--fn Hcm-fpsS PohnXw \ncq-]Ww sNbvXv D]-\ymkw
Xbmdm-q.

2 8 tIcf ]mTm- h en

shdpw XymKn-\n-bpsS ]mc-c

- y-n \nv koXsb A`n-am-\a
- p kv{XoXzns ]mc- - c y- n- t epbm Bim\p km[n- n- pv F
apt-cn-bpsS \nco-Ww {in--tm. Cu `mKw ]cn-tim-[n-q.

Ipam-c-\m-im

C\n

bm{X-]-d-n-Ss lm!
Zn\-km-{am-P-y-]tX! Znh-kv]tX!
A\n-b-{n-X-Zo-]vXnbmw IXn
\-Im-kv{Xm-hr-X\mw `hm\p Rm.
kpkn-Xmw-_-c-\mbn hr-\mbv
_nkn-\o-X-p-a-co-Nn-tI-i-\mbv
ekn-X-kvan-X-\mb N{n-Im
`kn-X-kv\mX!- arKm! ssIsXm-gmw.
AXn-Km-V-X-a-n-s\-p-c
sXntc civan-I \on Zqcth
Zyp-Xn-Im-p-ap-Up-tf! ]cw
\Xn \n-Xn-tam-l-\-tf!
kz-b-a-n-bnepw shfp-nepw
\nbXw Nn{X-hn-cn-p -s\-bvXp-S
hnb-Zm-e-b-hm-Xn aqSp-sa
{]nb-k-ty! `h-Xnp h-\w.
ca-Wo-b-h-\-tf! cW
{`a-c-h-ym-Ip-eamw kpa-tf!
{Ia-san cknp \n-fn
{]aZw ]q-h bm{X-sNmhq Rm.
AXn-c-ay_ln-K-sm-Sn
Yhm th]n-cntbXn Rm
nXn-bn X\p-tN-cp-sa at\m
cY-an-_v`w-Kn-I-tfm-Sp-ssa-I-y-amw.
P\-bn{Xn! hkp-tc! ]cw
X\-b-kvt\-l-tam-sS-s-tbn \o
X\-Xp--z-e-a--`q-hn-te
\tL! t]mhXp l! Imp Rm.
Kncn-\nQ-c-im-n-Km-\-a
cn-bn tIp ibn-p-ap Rm

Acn-In Xcp-Kp-eva-k-bw
sNmcnbpw ]q\nc \nX-y-sasta.
apI-fn If-\m-Z-amnSpw
hnIn-c-t{iWn ]dp ]mSnSpw
apInt]mse \ncp anp-a
I-Sn--n arK- XpnSpw
AXp-a-bn! km\p`qhnse
pXp-c-Xv\m-hen [mXp-cm-inbpw
IpXpIw Xcp-sa-p-a-tlm!
s]mXp-hn kh-a-sXsbmbnSpw!
kkpJw `h-Z-i
-- --ta
hkp-t[,-b-s\ Rm can-nSpw
kpkp-jp-]vXn-bn--A--b--sb
{]kpth! Iqn-bp-bp s]mn-Spw.
XSn-\o-P-e-_nw-_n-Xmw-Kn-bmbv
a-sb-p-n-Sp-thmcp Xmc-t]m
kv^pS-ambv `h-Zw-{Ln-eo\ Rm
\ate! tZym-hn-ep-b Zo]-amw.
""{]nb-cm-Lh! h\w `hm
pb-cpq `pP-imJ hnp Rm
`b-ap ]d-p-t]m-bnSmw
kz-b-a-tZ-ym-hn-sem-cm-{ibw hn\m.
I\-ams-gp-a--a-ew
sa\bpw an-hn-Sn Xmsgbmw
Zn\-cm-{Xn-I-fp im-am
a\-L-m-\-an-Xm-Zn-[m-a-amw.
cpP-bm ]cn-]-I-z-k-X-z-\mbv
\nP-`m-c--sfm-gnp [\-y-\mbv
AP-]u{X! `hm-\p-sa-pta
`P-am-ss\-I-hn-`m-h-y-an-Zw!
ae- b mfw 2 9

$ kqcy, N{, \-{X-, `qan XpS-nb {]]{]Xn-`m-k--tfm-Sm-Wtm

koX bm{X tNmZn-p--Xv. Cu bm{X-]-d-n-ens HuNnXyw ]cn-tim-[n-pI?
$ Xms\-n-t-cm t]mIp temI-s-p-dnv Fsms k-ev]--fmWv
koX-bvp-Xv? Ah Fp-sImv koXbvv {]nb--c-am-hp-p? hne-bn-cp-pI.
$ koXsb cmas `pP-imJ hnv BIm-it- p ]d-p-bc
- p ]n-bmbn Bim
k-ev]n-p-ptm. AXp-t]mse cpP-bm ]cn-]-I-z-k-X-z-\mbv, Xs `mc-sfm-gnv "`Pnp--hp am{Xw Adn-bm Ign-bp' A\-L-m-\-tv
Xs ]np-SmWv cma-s\-pI Fpw koX Nnn-p-p-v.
kv{Xokzm-X-{-y-ns Db-X-eamtWm koX-bpsS hnNm-c-n-eqsS Bim
aptm-p-h-bvp-Xv?

]pcp-js ssIm-n-msX Db-cm Ign-bp-I.

A\p-`-h-ns Icp-p-ambn XtXpam-{X-amb temI-s-p-I.

]pcp-j\v apt e-y-n-se-pI

apXemb kqN-\-I-fpsS ASn-m-\-n s]mXpN \S-p-I.

$ am[-hn-p-n-bpsS IY-bnse A (Bdmw-X-cw), Im-\m-Ss HmtdmX (GgmwX-cw), _jo-dns Ipp-]m-p (Fmw-X-cw), inlm-_p-o s]mbvpwIShns IY-bnse D (H]XmwXcw) XpSn kv{XoX-z-ns `n-ap-J-
{]I-Sn-n-p I-Ym-]m-{X-sf \np ]cn-N-b-ap--tm. Xmsg ]d-bp
IY-IIqSn ]cn-K-Wn-p-sImv "kmln-X-y-n Bhn-jvI-cn--s kv{Xobh--I' F hnj-b-n Hcp At\-z-jWw \S-p-I.
$

tImemSv am-[-hn-pn

apSn-sapd-bp-tm kmdm tPmk^v

$ ""Fs kz-]v\-n-ep ae-bm-fn-sv C-s\-bmWv: ae-bm-fs kvt\lnp--h, A-p--h, Xe Dbn-n-Sn-p--h, [oc, A`n-am-\n\n, kzw
Imen \nv thesNbvXp Pohn-m Ign-hp--h, kvt\l-n apdp-sI-n-Snp-p-sh-nepw A]-am\w s]mdp-m--h, Ahp s]-\m-Sns ssNX\yhpw Icp-p-apv.''
kpK-X-Ip-amcn

C-c-sam-c-h--bn-tep amdm kv{Xov Fsmw {]Xn-_--fm-Wp-Xv?

AXn-\p-thn Ah BPn-t-Xv Fs-m-amWv?

kaq-l-ns ImgvN-m-Sn Fsmw am- htc--Xpv?

kv{Xo C-c-n amdp-tm s]mXp-k-aq-l-n-\p-m-Ip Db

Fm-bn-cnpw?

kqN-I--fpsS ASn-m-\-n s]mXp N kwL-Sn-n-q.

$ ]Z--fpsS IqSn-t-csImv hcp AY-hy-Xymkw Is-p-I.

Ahs ssI sNe-hp- sN-m aSn-m-dn-.

B ]Ww ssIs-e-hn-\p--Xm-Wv.

3 0 tIcf ]mTm- h en

Ah Abmsf apdn-bn sNv ASn-p-I-bm-bn-cp-p.

]nSn-hn--tm Ahs Xe Nph-cn sN-Sn-p-I-bm-bn-cp-p.

sN-sImn Adn-bn-p-I-bmWp ]p sNbvXn-cp--Xv.

hniv sImn-b-dn-bn-p IYm-]m-{X- \th-m-m-\-I-Y-I-fn-epv.

Ah-fpsS Ip \ocp-hv XSn-p.

Ah Io sNmcnp \np.

]Z- tNpw ]ncnpw ]d-bp-tm-gp-m-hp am- {in-p-I. AY-Xe-n hcp hy-X-ymkw, i_vtZm-m-c-W-nse A\m-bm-kX Fnh NsN-p-I. ]mT-`m-Kp \np IqSp-X DZm-l-c-W- Is-p-I. Ccw am-sf-p-dnv At\-z-jn-p-I.

ae- b mfw 3 1

Fgp--

Io-etbm

\o apIpm! [c-Wnbn
epmb a-cn ap `K-Z-

sImmsX sImm--sX-hXs \o
sImn--bt{X \n\p ck-sa-tSm.

XI-cn-ho-c-\-cntI [\p-p-ambv
kw{I--\m--P-s\bvX ic-n-\m

A-em-Ip-ntX I-tXm-dp-an-\n
smm-bvInepw s]mfn-b-nXp ssZhta!

hoWn-Xtm InS-pq [c-Wn-bn

timWn-X-hp-a-Wn-tm inh! inh!

a-kvan-Xw-]qp kp-camw apJ

ano-h-tc-Wm! Im s]mdp-ptam?

\ ac-X-I--n-t\m-sSmsmcp
Ieym-W-cq-] Ipam-c at\m-l-c

F{Xbpw _me-bmbv tahn-t\m-cp-c

Nn-ap-g-e-dp-Xp ImI \o.

sNms-gp-aPp-\Xs Xncp-a-I
h-ho-h-`! \ns acp-a-I.

kp-cn-bmb kp`-{Zbpw `qan-bn

{I\wsNbv-Xp-cp-fp-Xp ImI \o.

3 2 tIcf ]mTm- h en

A]q-n-s\ R tIgp--Xn
entbm tJZw sNdpXp \nm-\tk?

hnm-fn-Iap--\m-b-hX-qsS
hnnXm! thsd InS-p-n-Xo-izcm!

Ip-sImtm a\w Xmh-I-am-In-e

n-\p-am{Z-X-bp-nXp ImWp-tm.

Im at\m-l-c-\m-a-hX-p-S
Im-ep-a-tmSp \mbpw \cn-Ifpw

At! LtSm-N-\mb `oam--P

\tm InS-p--X--Xn-\-p-dw.

sNp ISn-p-h-en-p--Xn--s\
h-Xn-s\-smcp ImcWw ssZhta!

\oe-a-e-t]mse IW {]tbm-Kn
thepw Xd--h Ime]p-cn-]p-m.
IWvTw apdnp Pb{ZYX-p-S
Im-ep-aP-p\-s\bvX ic-n-\m
F-I Zpf tIgp--tXmp-n
se\w shp-cp-Ipp inh! inh!
t{ZmWsc kwkvI-cn-tmcp \ne-aXm
ImWm-b-Xm-c-W-\m-b-X-X-tbm?
[rjvS-X-bp [rjvSZy-pav\-t\-hpw
injvS-\m-tbmcp Kpcp-hn-s\-sm-p-hm
asm-c-p-p tXmo-Sptam am\tk
app-an-h-s\m-gn-tmn alm-atX!
Fs aI Zpcn-tbm-[-\X-I
--
Xs ico-c-a-Xtm Zbm-\nt[!
e-W-ap-smcp ss]X-em-sa-psS
eWm \obpw NXn-ntXm Rsf?
Ip-sIm-n-s\ ImtW-W-sa--Xp
apn-I-sf-sb-\n-s-nXp tXmp-hm?

]qcn tJZm Icw aSn-bn tNp

`qcn-{i-hm-hn {]W-bn\n tIgp-tm.
Dq-e-\m-i-\-Im-c-W-\m-Inb
Zpa-Xn-ho-c iIp-\n-bpsSbp-S
]n-I X-p `-W-am-n-\m
]-am-bp-Xp Io-etbm ltc!
Do! aIt\! Zpcn-tbm-[\! Xh
s]mnIn-co-Shpw `qj-W-Pm-ehpw
DtIm-s\m-smcp hpw {]Xm-]hpw
Kw`o-c-amsbmcp `mhhpw `wKnbpw
CpwIf-p-S-s\s-bp-sa-{X-bp
anjvS-am-boSpw ]nXm-hn-s\--sbpw
s]s-p-t]-np s]mbvsm-sX-p \o?
s]mp-n-sX-\w In-sX-m-atlm!
]p-In-S--tate InS-p \o
]p-In-S-p-am-dm-bntXm tNmc-bn!

IW-\m-aw-K-\-cm-[n-]-s\-q-sS
bpnItw {][m-\-\m-bp--h

]pjvS-tIm-]-tmSp amcpXn Xp-S

s]mnp Imep-sam-Sn--p-sIm-n-s\

IpeaXm thtd InS-pp

K--e-aXm ]nsbpw anp-p.

Ip-Iq-Sm-bn-\n-sp Kmm-cnbpw
an-\m hoWm-fp-cp-m sXcp-sX-sc.
({ioalm-`m-cXw Infn-mv)

ae- b mfw 3 3

$ ""Kmm-cn-bpsS hnem-]-n\v i{Xp-an-{X-t`-Z-an. a \jvS-amb Fm-m-esbpw A-am-cpsS \ne-hn-fn-bm-WXv''- NsNp-I.

$ ""NmSn--Xn-bpw IqsS-p-Xn-bpw
amSn--Sp-bpw IqsS-sm-Sp-bpw
HmSn--gn-bpw hmSn-hn-bbpw
amSnhnfn-bpw tIm]n--Sp-bpw
DutS hnbbpw \mUn-I Nobpw
apjvSn-bp{]tbmKw Ip \n-h
ZrjvSn-Ip-fp-bpw, hmgvn-kvXp-Xn-bpw''
_menkp{Ko-h-bpw Fgp-- hWn-p--Xn--s\-bm-Wv. ]mT-`m-K-m-Is
timI-`m-h-amWv Bhn-jvI-cn-p--Xv. `mhw amdp-tm `mjbpw amdp--sX-s\-sbv cv k`--sfbpw ap\nn ]cn-tim-[n-p-I.
$ ""\ ac-X-I--n-t\m-sSm-smcp
Ieym-W-cq-] Ipam-c at\m-l-c''
""\oe-a-e-t]mse IW {]tbm-Kn
thepw Xd--h Ime]pcn-]pm.''
-Ccw {]tbm-K--fpsS khn-ti-jX {in--tm. ]d-bp Imcy-v kmZr-iyIev]\ sImv IqSp-X angnhv e`n-p-ptm? ap Ihn-X-I-fn \np DZm-lc-W- IqSn Isn ]cn-tim-[n-p-I.
$ ]p InS tate InS-p \o
]p InSpamdm-bntXm tNmc-bn!
hmp-I-fpsS Bh\w Fs\sbmw Imhy-ku-cyw h[n-n-p-p? app
]Tn Ihn-X-I-fnse DZm-l-c-W- IqSn Isn N-sN-p-I.

3 4 tIcf ]mTm- h en

XIgn inh-i--c-n

t]meokvtj-\n Hcp Bqw Iv

A-tmp Ib-dn-s-p. AhnsS Hmtcm-cp-cp-sSbpw s]mhpw hhpw Af-pt\mn; hop-t]cv tNmZn-p. AXn-\p-cw
]d-bm-\n-m-bn-cp-p. As\ Ap \qnb- X p- t ]sc FSp Iq- n Abmsfbpw FSp-p.
Ap-Xs Ahsc sImpt]m-bn. Dml- I - c - a mb Hcp bm{X- b m- b n- c p- p. aqp
t\chpw \ Blm-c-apv. kzIm-cy-sN-ehn\v Iptd ]W- h p- a pv . Iqp- I mcpw
sImmw.
s{Sbn ]pXnb ]pXnb ]e e--fnepw
IqSn IS-p-t]m-bn. hn ]e \K-c-fpw
Ah Ip. Fp Znh-k- Ign-tm Ahsc Hcp e-p- sIm-p-sNn-d-n.
]cn-io-e-\-Imew Iptd tiIc-am-bn-cp-p.
Fnepw aqp t\chpw Blm-c-aps
t_m[yw Fm-izm-ka
- mWv! F-, PohnXw
Hn-s\mv hnim-e-am-bnsmpw ]pXnb
]pXnb A\p-`-h- AXns\ kvtXm`]qW-am-n-sm-p-an-cp-p. sXn-sb
t_m[w t]mbn-p-S-n. hncn-p-In-S-snte Ddw hcq. Xe Hp s]mn-h-bvWw. \mn\p kzmZ-dn-bm-sa-p-ambn!
sNm Ftm Ds tXmsImp
Pohn- X - n\p ]nSnpw I\hpw hp.
Ah\pw Nne IS-aI
- f
- p-v, Ah-Im-i
- fpv.
B ssk\ys cm-bncw ssa AIse
Hcn-S-t-p amn. ]noSv asm-cn-S-tp
t]mbn. aqm-as
- Xm-cn-Spw Ipd-p-\m Ignp. Ctm Abmv lnp-m\n Adn-

bmw. Cy-bnse Fm {][m\ \

- -K-c-fpw
Ip. Pohn-p-hm\pw Iptd-sbms ]Tn-p.
ssIbn ]W-apv; km-cn \nv Inphm-\p-ap-v.
Hcp Znh-kw, tae-[n-Imcn Ahsc Adn-bnp, Bh-iy-ap--hv Hcp amks Ah[n-bn hon t]mbn th-h-sc-sbmw
In-p-h-cm-sa-v. th-h DS At]-npsIm--Ww. B ssk\n-I-\n-e-b-nse
As Dmlw ]d--dn-bn-m h.
Abmfpw AXn ]p- s Imp. ]t,
Abm-fpsS Dm-l-n\p kmcmw-i-n
Ftm Ipd-hp-m-bn-cp-p. AXv Hcp `mh\-bm-sWp tXmn-tm-Ipw.
Abmfpw Hcp ^mdw ]qcn-n--b-p.
Ap cm{Xn-bn `Ww Ignp \mep-t]-cmbn Hmtcm kwLw IqSn-bn-cpp
h- a m\w ]d- b p- I - b m- b n- c p- p. Hcp
ssakqm-c Xncp-s\th-en-m-c-t\mSp
tNmZn-p: ""\ap-smnp Xncn-cptXm?''
""]t, F\n- v \msf hn- p- X s
t]mIWw.''
""Rm\pw As\ Xo-s-Sp-n-bn-cn-pI-bm-Wv. sImmw! Fs aI-sf--nv
F{X -\m-fmbn!''
B ssakqm-c sXnS Ftm Hmncpp. aIsf Ap-p-Ip a
- p-n
In-s--t]mse Abm-fpsS apJw {]Imin-p.
Xncp-s\th-en-m-c ]d-p: ""Fs hbmb A, Ah-c-dn-bm-sX-bmWv Rm
t]m-Xv. Rm H-a-I-\p-am-Wv.''
ae- b mfw 3 5

Abmpw Hmp-hm-\p-m-bn-cp-p. kzKX-ambn Abm ]d-p:

""]mhw! B sImp-Ip-Sn-en aIs hchpw
Imp-Imv X\n-n-cn--bm-Wv.''
]me-mSv kztZ-in-bmb Hcm Atm cmat\mSp tNmZnp: ""\n Fp t]mIpp?
\ap-sm-cp-anp t]mI-cptXm?'' cma\m-b
bm{n-I-ambn adp-]Sn ]dp: ""Hmtlm.''

\n-m-bvIb
-- m Hcp ]cn-]m-Snbpw hni-Z-amhp-n-. Ae-k--fmb apXp Znh-k-fmWv \op\nhv apn InS-p--Xv.
ASp-p-In-S-p ]me-m-p-Im-c cma
\mb-tcmSp tNmZn-p: ""cma \mbv hon
Bsc-m-apv?''
""Bcp-an.''
""Ah-[n-m-ev Ftmp t]mIpp?''

a{Zm-kp-Im-c-\mb asm-cm Fm-h-tcm-Spambn Hcp- ] - t Ziw Bh- i y- s - p- s Imv

]Xps tNmZnp:

AXn-\-bmv Dcw ]d-bm-\n-. IqpIm-c hopw tNmZn-p:

""\mSp Xncp-h-\--]p-c-at?''

""apXp Znh-k
- f
- n IqSp-X Xma-kn-m
h hi-hp-aptm?''
]me-m-pIm-c Dcw ]dp: ""kpJt-Sm-sWp ]dv In-sIm-Sp--Ww.
AXv F\npw t\m-ap Imcy-am-W.v hon
sNnv BbncwIqw kwK-Xn-I km[nm- \ p- v . '' asm- c m A`n- { ]m- b - s p:
""AsXmpw \S- p- s ap tXmp- n- .
Fn\m Cu Ah[n Xcp--sX--dn-bmtam?
hoSp- Im-Wm-\m-Wv. Fmw Inp t]mcWw.
C\nbpw tbmK-ap-s-nte A-sbbpw asfbpw Hs ImWm-s\m-q. \s bpn-\-b-bvm t]mhp-I-bm-Wv.''
Bcp-amcpw ann-bn-. B cwKw s]sv
A{]-k--am-bn. Hcp ZoL-\n-izm-k-tmsS
ssakqm-c ]d-p:
""Fs av Bbncw cq]m Inpw; Hm!
AXp-a-Xn.''
Xncp-s\th-en-m-c XpSp: ""Bbncw
cq]m-bp--Xp-sImv Fs Asb Ahkm-\-Im-ep ip{iq-jn-m Bsc-nepw
ImWpw.''
ZoL-\n-izmksImp Iep-jamb B
cm{Xn-bn Bpw s]sv Ddw hn. B apXp Znhk sImv sNm-\p-sXmw sNbvXp-Xo-Ww.
cma\mb-cpw Ah-[n-m-es ]cn-]mSn
Xbm-dm-m {ian-p. ]t, Hpw sNm3 6 tIcf ]mTm- h en

cma\mb Hp-IqSn Ipgn; AXn-\pcw ]d-bm-\n-.

""Fs FSp- Xv Xncph\]pcp
\nmWv.''
""\msS-hn-sS-bmWv?''
""Rm hcp-n-. F\n-h
- [n th.'' cma
\mb tZjy- s p ]d- b p- - X p- t ]mse
tXmn.

Iqp-Im-c tNmZnp: ""Xm Fn\m ]nWpt? Xm hon \nv ]nW-n-bmWp

t]m-sX-n Rms\p ]ngp?''

{]`m- X - n- Fm- h - s c-- mfpw apt

Abm Fgp-t-p. ap-h
- DW-tm
Abm bm{Xbvv Xbm-dm-bn--gn-p.

As\ B kwkm-cw \ne-p.

Be-p-g---W-n-se Fm tdmUp-I-fnepw
app-I-fnepw Hcp ]m-f-m-cs\ aqp \mep
Znh-k--fmbn ImWm-dp-v. \K-c-nse
Fm `mKpw aqpw \mepw XhW
Abm {]Xy-s-Spw. cm{Xn-bnepw \SpX-s-bm-Wv. Hcp cm{Xn t_mp-sP-n-bn
\n tIm-_n-fn-t\mSv Hcp hr-\mb
Npa-p-Im-c apl--Zo-b-\p am{Xw Abm-sfp-dn-stm ]d-bm-\p-m-bn-cp-p. Abm
FhnsS Xma-kn-p-p Ftm Fhn-S-pIm-c-s\-tm Hpw Adn-p-IqSm.

cm{Xn-bpsS aqmw bma-ns Ah-km-\nepw AhnsS Dd- m- s Xm- c m- f p- m- b ncpp: "cma'. Cu t]cv Bcm-Wn--sXv
Abm Ap-X-s-p. \mb-sc m\w
Fs\ Inn? sXcp-hp-\osf sXn-\-S
_mey-Im-ev B t]cp-sNmn Bcpw hnfnn-n-. Pohn-X-n FhnsS apX- Cu
t]cv Bcw-`n-pp?
""Rm hcp-n-. F\n--h[n th.''
Cu hmN-I- Hcp im]w t]mse AbmfpsS sNhn-p-n apg-n-sm-n-cp-p.
As\ Xop]d-b-m-bn-cp-p. tIc-fn Fhn-sStbm B `mKyw sI kv{Xo
Dm-bn-cn-pw A! As-n B ]pcpj A! AXp-a-s-n Xm InS
hb-dn \npw AXn\p-aptm ]ntm h
Hcm- s fnepw! As\ Xs- p- d nv
Hmp Hcm temInen- s p
hcptam? Hcp-]-t, At\z-jn-m Isn-sbpw hcmw.
Abm ]e \mSp-Ifpw Ip- ]e PmXnm-cp-ambn CS-s]-p- ]e `mj-Ifpw t]int- p. ]t, tIc- f - n sXn- \ - S mepw oW-an-. Ahn-Ss ]-sh-n\pw Hcp {]tXy-I-X-bp-v. Ahn-Ss
D-sh-bnepw hmSn--fp-I-bn-. ae-bmfn-bpsS Nncnt lrZ-bw-K-a-Xz-ap-q. B
`mjbvv kvt\ls Bhn-jvI-cn-mt\
Ign-bq.
P\n \mSv, s]-sbtmse Abmsf amSnhn- f n- p. tIc- f - nse kpJ- i o- X - f - a mb
sXnXWen InS-pd-Ww. ]pd-then-I-fnqSn Ae-b-Ww. As\ tIc-fnse Hcp]nSn tNmdp-IqSn DWw.

Hcp Znhkw Abmsf In- . ]ntp

cmhnse sImv B\-h-o-izcw t{Xn\p kao]w Hcp hoSns AS-n-n-cp
]Sn-p-cbvp ]pdv Abm \np-Xv
ImWm-bn. Hcp Ccpps]n Xqn-n-Sn-n-pv. tdmUnqSn t]mb Hcp sNdp-
Abm-tfmSv Ib-dn--d-p, Ahn-sS-bmcpw
Xma-k-an-s-v.
B kabw t{X-n \npw Cd-n-h
Hcp am\ys ]nmse Abm \S-p. Ipdp- Z qcw sNnv Atlw ]Sn- - t ev
Xncnp.
""Rm cma-\mWv.''
Cu i_vZw tIv Atlw Xncn-p-t\mn.
s]nbpw Xqn-n-Snv inem-{]-Xn-a-t]mse
B ]m-f-m-c \np-p.
""cmat\m, GXp cma?'' B am\y tNmZnp.
Hpw anm Ign-bmsX Abm sXnS
As\ \nnp \S- p. A- I se
tdmUns hf-hn Abm A{]-Xy--\mIp--Xp-hsc Atlw t\mn\n-p. cma!
As\ Hcmsf Atlw Hmp-n-.
Nn--S-bn Hcp tlm-ens hmXn-Snbn "cma' F hmv ]nm-n-ap-\ sIms-gp-X-s-n-cp-p. B ]m-f-m-c,
tlm-ep-S-a- t]mn-tbmSp ]dp:
ae- b mfw 3 7

""AXp Rm hc--XmWv.''
t]mn Hpw ]d-n-.
Hcp ]c-ap-h--s\-tSn Xncp-h-\--]p-cv
Abm Ae-p-\-S-p. Ip-In-n-bn-.
As\ ]Xn-t\gp Znh-k- Ign-p.
]cn-Nn-X-amb Hcp a-lmkw Abmv
Fp-\npw e`n-n-. Ftm hp F
tNmZy-n-\p-thn Abm tIc-f-nse
\K-c--fn-semw HmSn\S-p. Hcp ]cn-Nbw
km-Zn-m ]mSp-s]-p. Av, Bdv, Ggv
Cs\ Zn\- Ign-p. ImWp--h-tcmsSmw h-am\w ]d-p. hf-sc-tsc
A\pPm Fp hnfn-p. ImWp--h-cp-sSsbmw t\sc Nncn- p. Abmv Hcmsfsbnepw Hma-h-bvm Ignn-. Hcmsf-nepw Hmp ap-an-. tImgntmSp
-ap-X \mKtIm-hn hsc Abm ]nthK-n bm{X-sN-bvXp. As\ Ccp-]n-sbp Znhkw hsc Ign-p. C\n cp
Znh-k
- am{X-ap-v. Ctmgpw Fhn-sSbpw
DuWp Ignbp-tm ]W-n\p ssI\o-pp. Hcp t]cp-sNmn hnfn-p-n-. Fn\v
Cu t]cp-mbn?

Fmw \SWw. Cu "T' hw e-ap-v.

Ign-t-t-smw am{Xw Ap-In
I-sbm-m-cp-p. Hncn tamscm-gn Iqms\m-gnmw tamt\! ]ns tamscmgn-mw.''
hr Ipdp ]pfn-tcn hnf-n-sm-Sp-p.
""tNmdp -th-m-bn-cp-m! Rm Cv Hcp]m-Spp. Hcp C-S--gnbcnbpsS Dn-p-v.
Cs-bm?''
""CXm Iqv! BsI \mgn-bpcn Acntb
shsm-q.''
hopw hr h-am\w XpSp. cma
\m-b tNmZnp: ""Atm Abvv B
a--fnt?''
Hcp ZoL-\n-izm-k-tmsS hr ]d-p:
""Hcp \cn-ns\ ssZhw Xp. AXns\
sImp-t]m-hp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Ctm-sgm-mbn-cp-s-n Ccp-]
- n-aqp hb-m-tb-s\.
Fs \mWnbpsS t\sc Ftf-Xm. cv
hbv aqp--h-v.''
hr Ipdp tNmdp-IqsS hnf-n. thsp
hne-n-bnpw IpS-p.
""\o Fs ssItbp hnSq tamt\.''

{`mp-]n-Sn \K-c--fn \n-Iv, _lpZqcw AIv , imnbpw kam- [ m- \ hpw

\nd \mn]pdw. IpnsN-cp-hn, hbensNcp-hn ]-m-n-\n-Sbvv Hcp sImpho- S v . AXns tImem- b n Hcp \ne- h nfn\p apn-en-cpv kam-[m-\-tmsS B
]m-f-m-c Dp-I-bm-Wv. hfsc t\c-ambn
Dm-\n-cp-n-v. Hcp hr tNmdpw Idnbpw
ASp-p s
- Imphp. Iptds hnf-n-smSpv h-am\w ]dv Abmsf Dup-Ibm-Wv.
Abm Ahsc "A' FmWv hnfn-p-Xv. A! Ah Abmsf "tams\'pw.
Ahp ]d-bm-\pXv hop-Im-cy-fpw!
B A ]d-bpp:
""Fs tams\! Bsdw Ign-b-Ww. DSp-- t bm. tXbv - tbm; D- tbm?
3 8 tIcf ]mTm- h en

""aXn-bm, F\np izmkw app-p.''

As\ Hcp DuWv Pohn- X - n
CZw{]Ya-am-bn-cp-p. Abm DXv aXnbm-bn Fv Hcmpw Ctmfw tXmnbn-.
B cm{Xn-bn B sImp-ho-Sns apv
Akz-\
- mbn Abm \S-p-sIm-ncp-p.
Cu HmWwtIdmaqe-bp-am-bmWv AbmfpsS
Pohn-X-nse \nh-Nn-m hm Hcp
_-ap-m-Ip-X
- v. Ctm kam-[m-\a
- m-bmWv lrZbw XpSn-p--sXv Abmv
tXmn. Nn- I shfn- h m- I p- p- a p- v .
Abmv Hc--sb-n-n.
A! A! ""Hcp-cp-f-tm-dp-IqSn, A ]pfntcn Hgn-mw.'' B hr-bpsS a-lmkw
Hcn--epw ad-m km[y-a-. Xm \nd-p-

- W sav Ah B{K- l n- p. Fm
\ndv Dn-s-ntem? cm{Xn-bn Ddw
hcpm hn[w AXv Ahsc X]n-n-pI-bn-. \mgntmdpw hp-sImv hnf--WbvmsX Ah Imn-cn-t Imcy-an-.
Fp- s Im- s - m, {]k- h - ns B
henb s\mcw Ahp-m-bn-n-.
C, Bcp-amcpw Imn-cn-m-\n-. kap-{Zmc-p-dv bp-cw-K-nhv Cu
icocw Nnn- n- X - d n- b m Bpw Hcp
\jvShpw hcp-hm-\p-an-. As\ hcm-sXbn-cn-p-hm Hcp-cpw {]mYn-p-hm-\p-an.

Ap-bvv Hcp sNdnb IeymWw B

hon \S-p. As\ Ccp-]-n-bmw
hb-n \mWn-smcp `m-hp-m-bn.
at\m-l-c-amb Hcp kmbm-lv\-am-bn-cpp.
sImbvsXm-gn ]mSw AkvX-ab-Im-nbn I\-I-[qkcam-bn-cp-p. B Gem-bpsS
\nizm-kw t]mse a-am-cp-X hoin-smn-cp-p. Imf-Isf ASn-p-sImv \pIhpw
Npa-en-se-Spv ]cn-o-W-\mb Hcp Irjoh- e ISpt]m- b n. Abm Ipiew
tNmZnp:
""Fm ChnsS \npt?''

]ntp cmhnse B hr-tbmSv Abm

]d-p:

""Npm-sX.'' cma\mb adp-]Sn ]d-p.

Abmv _p--fp-mbn!

""Am, Rm Hcp Imcyw ]d- b tm?''

""Fs afp ]d.''

""Cs-n\p t]mIpp?''

""Rm Rm Hcp \mb-cm-Wm!''

""AXv a-fn-se ]d--Xm-Wtm.''
""F\nv \mSpw hoSpan. Bcp-an-.''

Fsmcp tNmZyw tIv Abm Xncn-pt\m-n. Ah ]nn \np-p. Ahsf

Abm kqnpt\mn. Ah Ah-\-Xmky-bm-bn.

""AXpw \o Am-ga
- p-p-sIm-n-cp-t- m
]d--Xm-Wtm.''

""F\np t]mI-Ww. Rm--Rm hn[nbp-s-n ImWmw. \o I\y-I-bm-bn-s-bn-cn-v.''

""F\n-m-cp-an-m!'' Abm s]mn--cp-t]m-bn. B hr Acp\np.

Abm-fpsS sXm CS-dp-p-m-bn-cp-p.

""Rm Ccn-mw. Fnepw \msf-''
Abm \ntj-[-cq-]-n Xe-Ip-ep-n.
]p-\m-gnI cms-p. ]qW-N-{ DZn-pbn-cp-p. B ]mS-p-IqSn s]nbpw

ae- b mfw 3 9

Xqn- n- S n- p- t ]m- I p cq]s Ah

t\mn\np. Acphn AXns Pohn-XK
- m\w
]mSn-sm-n-cp-p.
AhnsS ]m- f - m- c s ^manen Atemvsa v hcp-p-v. amkw \mXp cq]m.
Hcp Dcp-fn, cp sNp-I-ew, aqmep Inep-I C{Xbpw Ah hmn. AXn
Ah-fpsS t]cp shn-p. B hoSv Hp ]pXpn--Wn-Xp. ]d-n\p Nppw Imehp. ]dn \ndv G-hm-g-bm-Wv. Ah Chn-Ss {][m-\n-bm-Wv. A-t]mepw Ah
]d-bp-Xv tIpw.
Fpw A-e-ntmbn Ah Fsmstbm {]mYn-p-p-v. AhnsS Fpw
Hcmp-m tNmdn-cn-pw. cm{Xn-bn
Fs-nepw i_vZw tIm A hnfnp
tNmZnpw, AXm-sc-v. AXp-tIv Ah
Dcp-p-]n-c-s-gp-tpw. \ns \mb
Fp hcp-sav Iqp-Im-cn-I tNmZn-ptm am{Xw Ahp-cw ]d-bm-\n-.

Hcp Znhkw t]m-pam Hcp henb Ih

sImSp-p. AXv B ]m-f-m-cs t^mtmbm-bn-cp-p. Ap apX B hoSns a`nn-sb Hcp ]Sw Ae--cn-p.
aqp amk Ign--tm {]Xn-amkw
\qdpcq] Ah-fpsS tahn-em-k
- n hcm
XpS-n. Bdp-amkw Ign-tm AXp
hopw h[n-p.
Hcp Znhkw e-p t]meo-kvt-j\n \npw aqp henb Ccpps]n-I
Gp- h m- m- \ p t\mokv Inn. AXp
\ndsb Db Xcw ]mf DtZym-K--s
DSp-p-I-fm-bn-cp-p. Hcp s]n-bn Ah
Abm-fpsS Igp-n-en hnhm-l-ameyw Dmbn-cp-p. AXv DW-n--cn-p-t]m-bn.
\mWn AIm-c-W-ambn \Sp-n.
Hcm-gvN-bvp-tijw ]Xn-\m-bncw cq]-bpsS
Hcp sNv Ahp e`n-p. ]noSv {]Xnam-k-ap aWn-tbmU-dp-I-fp-an-.
(XI-gn-bpsS IY-I)

$ ]m-f-m-cpsS Pohn-X-nse Fsmw {]Xn-k-n-I-fmWv XIgn Cu IY-bn

AhXcn-n-p-Xv? DZm-l-c-W Isn hni-I-e\w sNp-I.
$ cma\m-bv Xs A-\--am Bsc--dn-bn-. kzw t]cp t]mepw Fs\-bm-Wp-m-bs
- Xv Adn-bn-. A\m-YX
- z- krjvSn-p-X
- n bp-pw
]nt? bp krjvSn-p kmaq-lnI{]iv\- NsNpI.
$ ""hr Ipd-pIqSn hnf-n. thsp hne-n-bnpw IpSp.''
""B hr-bpsS a-lmkw Hcn-epw ad-p-hm km[y-a.''
kqN-\-I {in--tm. "]m-f-m-c' F IY-bnse hr-bpsS hynXzw
ap kqN-\-I IqSn Isn hni-I-e\w sNbvXv IYm-]m{X\ncq-]Ww Xbmdm-p-I.
$ Xo{h-amb Hcp bpm-\p-`-h-amWv "]m-f-m-c' F IY-bn XIgn Nn{Xo-I-cnp- Xv . Fm shSn- s bm- bpw hnem- ] - h p- s ampw CXn ImWm- \ n- .
Fmhmw CXn\p ImcWw? bp-ns `oI-cX IYm-Im-c F-s\-bmWv
[z\n-n-p-Xv?

$
4 0 tIcf ]mTm- h en

Ipn-Ir-jvW-am-cmcv

]m-h-mv \njvI--I-amb cmPym-[n]Xyw ssIh-p. A`n-a-\yp-]p-{X-\mbn Hcp

hwim-p-c-hpw, Hcp-hn[w Np-Po-hn-pwsImp P\n-p. mXn-h[-hn-j--\mb
bp[n-jvTn-c hymtkm-]t- Z-ia
- \
- p-kc
- np ]m]]-cn-lm-cmYw Aiz-ta[w bPn-m \nbn-p. C\nbpw cmPm--msc IS-m-{I-anp [\w km-Zn-p-IqSm Fp-h-v ]p
acp- \nt-]n-p-h-n-cp [\-sa-SpmWv Hcp-w-Iq-n-b-Xv. hn[n-{]-Imcw ta[mizs `q{]-Z-n-W-n\p hnp. hymk
\ntZ-in--X-\p-k-cnv A`n-a-\yq-]n-Xm-hmb
APp-\-\mWv Aiz-c-n-Xm-hmbn ]pd-s-Xv. hnsmcp {Xlnwk Ign-n-cn-bm, C\n Cu Aizs XS-tm-hp
{Xn-b-msc lnwkn-m-sX-Xs hgn-s-

Sp- m t\m- W - s ap bp[n- j v T n- c

APp-\s\ Gev]n-n-cp-p, Fn-epw, `mcX-bp--n h[n--s cmPm--m-cpsS
]p{X-]u-{X-m ]ecpw AXXp \mnhp
Xo{h-am-sb-Xn-Xn-\m APp-\\p Iptdsbms lnwk sNt-n-s hp.
As\, bmizw ssk- h - c m- P ysn. \qp-h-cpsS ktlm-Z-cn-bmb Zpfsb th Pb-{Z-Ys cmPy-am-W-Xv. B Pb{Z-Y APp-\-]p-{X-\mb A`n-a-\yp-hns
sImSpw-sIm-ebvp klm-bn--Xpw ]Icw
APp-\ "\msf kqcym-kvXa
- b
-
- n-\p-app
Rm\-hs\ sImp'sap {]Xn--sNbvXv
Ap kqcym- k v X - a - b - n\p app- X s
sImXpw `mcX-bpIY-bnse tcma-ljW-amb k`--fn-sem--t{X. B Pb-{ZYs aI- \ mb kpc- Y - \ mWv Atm
AhnsS \mSp-hm-Wn-cp--Xv. B tcma-ljW-amb ]nXr-h[w tIp hnj--\m-bn-cp
Abm, B ]nXr-LmXn Ctm bmizhp-ambn Xs \mn hp-tI-dn-bn-cn-pp
Fv tI \Sp--n s]sp hoWp-acn-p-t]m-bn. khYm ]I-ap-gp sskh-ho-c
- m APp-\s\ hotdmsS FXnp.
Ah ]e-hw APp\-\m tXm]n-sp ]nhm-p-I-bpw, hopw tImem-letmsS Gs-Xnp-Ibpw sNbvXp. APp\ Xptemw Ah-i-\m-bn-tm-bn. HSp-w,
tZh-mcpw Ejn-amcpw sNbvX imn-P-]-sImp Kmo-h-[-\zm-hp-Xs Pbw
t\Sn.
As\ hnP-bn--cp-fp APp-\s ASptebv-Xm, s]cp-apsd Ic-pw-sImv
Hcp kv{Xo hcpp Zp-f, \qp-h-cpsS GIk-tlm-Z-cn. Ah-fpsS ssIbn Hcp ]npae- b mfw 4 1

Ip-n-bp-apv Ah-fpsS t]c-p-n, kpc-Ys

koa--]p-{X. APp-\ hnp-hp ssZ\ym Xe-Ip-\nv ktlm-Z-cn-tbmSv "Fp
thW-sap tNmZn-p. Ah Xs B
]npss]X-en\vap--\pw A\pw acnp-t]mb B A\m-Ym-m-hn\vA-`bw bmNnm hn-cn-bm-Wv. Xs ktl-mZ-c-mscbpw `mhn-s\bpw sIm-Xn-s\-n
Ahsmpw adp- p- ] - d - b m- \ n- .
A\mcycpw A]-\-b-m-cp-amb Ah-cpsS
A]-cm-[-samw ad-v, XtmSpw Atm
acn-p-t]mb Xs ]p{X-t\mSpw Zb-tXm-n,
B ssIp-ns t\v BbnsS P\n
A`n-a\
- yq-]p-{X-s t- \s-t- ]m-se, a\p
sXfn-tb-Wta Fv Ah tIW-t]-np.

h Zp_p-n-If
- m-bmepw Ipd-[
- nIw hmeyw-sIm-pI F a\pjykm[m-c-W-amb
Hcp {]amZw am{Xta B A-hr-\p ]ntm-bn-p-q. Ch-fpsS A-bmb Kmm-cnsb-bm-Is
- , B A-amb hm-eyw-t]mepw
Xon-bn-cp-n--Xm-\pw.

Cu L- n, apn- e - h nX- S n- t ]mse

At\Iw Iqcm-Wn-I Fgp-p-\n-p
Hcm-bp-[w-sImv s\n B-Sn--sm-e-s-tmse APp-\s lrZ-b-n-epm- I p Nnm- h y- Y - I - s f- n Btem-Nnpt\mq.

Ch-fpsS Nne B-f-am Ah-cpsS Hcp

ktlm-Z-cn-sb--X--fpsS [a-]-Xv\n-bmb
]mm-en-sb \nd cmP-k-Z-n-tep
hen-n-gv A]-am-\n--bp-m-bn. AXp
\S- Xv temssI--I - h o- c - c mb X- f psS
Iap- nhmWv;
thW- s a- n
X-Xns\ s]sp XS-bm-am-bn-cp-p.
Cv Cu ktlm-Z-cnsb X hcp-nsh Cu Zo\m-h--bn \np Ic-tI-phm B \qp-h-sc-hn-sS, Pb-{Z-Y-s\-hn-sS,
kpc- Y - s \- h nsS? Am- - Z - n shp
kptbm- [ - \ \pw X]- - ] m- X n- I pw
tXmt- n- b n- c p e Cn- t m
X\npw tXmmsX t]mImtam?

GsXmcp a\p- j y- \ pw, Xt- X n- s \- m

Ffnb nXn-bn-em-bn-tmb Hcp ktlm-Zcn-sb, AXpw kv{XoXz-ns GI-`q-j-Wamb Hcn-fw-Ip-n-t\m-Sp-Iq-Sn, Ip-aptnh-cnI FXp lrZ-b-t`-Z-I-amWv; Ahv
B \ne hp-s]-Xp Xs ssIsIm-p-IqSn-bm-sW-ntem! ChnsS X (]mh) {Xn-bp {]m]n-m-hp ]c-tam-X-]-Z-hn-bn Fn-bn-cn-pp; AXn-sep- h mthn X sNbv X "hocIa'fpsS ^eambmWv Cv Cu ktlmZcn tIhew A\m-Y-bmbn shdpw ]n-mcn-sb-tmse Xs apn\np tIgp-Xv.
Ch-tfm, X-fpssS \qp Iuc-h-ktlm-Z-c-msmw IqSn-bp Htc-sbmcp
ktlm-Zcn; sNdp--nte A acn-pt]mb Xp ]noSp th Fm
]nXr-I-hyhpw hm-ey-tm-Sp-Iq-Sns A\p-jvTn-p-t]m [rX-cm-jv{S-cpsS
GI-]p-{Xn. kzw Huc-k-]p-{X-m-tcm-Sv--A4 2 tIcf ]mTm- h en

sFiz-cy-tem-`
- m A[aw sNbvXv A]mb-a-S B \qdp ktlm-Z-c-m-cn Hcp-hs\-nepw Cpw Poh-t\m-Sp-IqSn Dm-bn-cp-psh-n, Ah kzk-tlm-Z-cn-bpsS Cu
\ne Ip s]mdp-p-am-bn-cp-pthm? Csn Ahsc Hsm-gn-bmsX sImsm-Spn
X-fn-tm t\Snb Cu sFiz-cy-amsI ChfpsS Im ASn-bd-h-mq-Sn, Cu
A[an\p ]cn-lmc-am-Iptam?

Ch-fpsS `m-hv, Xs t{]a-`m-P-\-amb

kp`-{Z-bn-ep-mb GI-]p-{X-s, B Bm\p-cq-]-\mb sImp-ho-c-s sImSpw-sIm-ebn ]p-sIm--h-\m-Wv; AXn\p Rm
hotcm-Nn-X-ambn ]Icw hop-Ibpw sNbvXp.
AXn-\p-ta Abm-fpsS ]p{Xs\ sNp
t]Sn-n-p-sIm-pI FXv BpNnXamWv? Xm kz]vt\]n hnNm-cn-m-sX-bmsW-n-epw, Xs {]hr-n-bpsS ^ew HSphn As\- b m- W tm hp- I q- S n- b - X v .
Am-h-s\-t-Snp acn-p-t]mb B acp-aIs A-bmWv Ctm Hc-t]--bp-ambn

B-f-bmb Xs apn hp-\npXv.

F-t]? Hpw Xncn-bm-dm-bn-n-m-,
ape-Ip-Sn-am-dm- Htcm-a-\-n-Sm-hn-s--khkzhpw \in Hcp kv{XobpsS Htc Hcm-imp-c-ns Pohs\ hnp-X-ctW Fv.
t\cn-p-\nv ]Sshp i{X-phn\p h
oWhpw Xn-b-Xm-bn--m Abmsf
A\p-I-m-]qhw hn-b-bvp hoc-[an-\p-ap-n Cs\ Hsc-fnb At]
hcm-\n-S-bmbn F-Xn-t\-m A]-am-\Icambn temI-n as-pv?
CXnhn[w APp-\\p-m-Im-hp hnjmZ-Nn--Isf Hmtcm-mbn Imcy-Im-c-W-klnXw hnSn--d-bp-tm B k`-Kuchw inYn-e-am-bn-tm-Ip-p. Cu t]pIm-Wn Nn-I-sf-mw-IqSn CS-Xnn H-bSnv Hcm-fpsS lrZ-b-n-tep Xn--bdn-bm-es `b--cX Hmpt\mq. a\pjy\p t\cn-Sp Ccw D-S-tm-`-fpsS apns-m, Ahs kphn-Z-Kv[amb `mj F{X-am{Xw Xp-am-sWp \manhnsS ImWp-p. `mj-bn hcm-hp Cu
inYn-eo-`m-hs I-dn-n-p-XsbmhWw, hymk APp-\s Atm-gs lrZbm-h-sb AY-K`-amb Btd-gp-hm-psImp kqNn-n-p-Itb sNbvXn-pq:
""Ghw {_phXymw IcpWw
Zp-fmbmw [\-RvPb:
kwkvarXy tZhow Kmmcow
[rX-cmjv{Sw N ]mYnhw
DhmN ZpJtim-Im:
{X-[aw hnKl-b,
"[nIv Xw Zptcym-[\w p{Zw
cmPy-ep_v[w N am\n\w
bIrtX _mhm: kth
abm \oXm- b-a--bw.' ''
Hmtcm k`- nepw IYm- ] m- { X- - s fsmv thp-thm-fhpw th-Xn-e-[n-Ihpw
kwkm- c n- n- p B Ejn- I hn ChnsS
APp-\ Zp-f-tbmSp kmzw ]d--sX-

s\ Fp hnkvXc
- n-m-sX, ""_lp-kmz
= ]e]mSm-iz-kn-n-n-v, ]cn-jzPz = BenwK\w sNbv X nv '' Fp kwt- ] nv ,
tam-Wn--hn[w hnjm-Z-Z-p-c-amb Hcp
L-amWv Xm krjvSn-p-h--sX `mhta
CmsX IYm--c-n-tep {]th-in-n-cn-bm-Wv.
APp-\s\ Cu hnjm-Z--b-n\npw
Ic-tI-p-hm ]p tI `K-hZvKo-tXm-]-\nj-nse h kq-fpw klm-bn-n-cnptam? C. KotXm-]-tZ-i--fpsS ]cm-Pb-m-\-am-Wn-Xv. AXp-t]m-se-Xs CXv
KoXmIm-hns hnP-b-m-\-hp-amWv;
GXp `K-hZ- z-N\
- m-ar-X
- mepw ]cn-lc
- n-s
- Sm-hp--h-b Pohn-X-ta-ev]n-p bmX-\I F ]c- a mYs DZm- l - c n- - b mWtm Atlw ChnsS sNbvX-Xv.
`mcXIY- b psS Ah- k m\w AKm- [ - a mb
hnjm- Z - n- e mWv ; bp- n\ptij- a p
Fm kw`-h-fpw AXns\ hfn-smp-h-cn-Itb sNbvXn-p-q. ]S--f-n
HSpw hogv-s Zptcym-[-\v Ahn-sSh-p-Xs tZh-tem-I-]qP e`n-Xp Itmsmp XpS-n-b-Xm-WnXv. XpSv
Xm an\-sp sImn IW Xs
aq ktlm-Z-c-\m-bn-cpp F-dn--Xp--apX bp[n-jvTn-c-s\- kw-_-n--nS-tmfw
B hnjm-Zm--IX hfphfp hp;
IrjvW Hcn- bp[n-jvTn-c-t\m-Sp-Xs
]dXpt]m-se, ""Ap-Itm `rXymtm _p-tm Hpw sNm-\nm- , Xms\m- - b vp- X s \nps]mcp-tX-p- Hcp bp-amWv'' At-l
- n-tm Bcw-`n--Xv. ]noSv {]kvXp-X-amb
Aiz-ta[w sIt-a-ambn \nd-th-n-b-Xn-\ptijw Hcp Iocn hp ]d IY- Hcp
Zcn- { Z- I p- S pw_w Hcp t\cs IqSp- X
]nWn-sImv Hc-Xn-Ynsb Xr]vXn-s-Spnb-b--Xnse ]pWyw-t]mepw CXn-nsp sXfnbn IY bp[n- j v T n- c s\
F{Xta en-n-n-cn-n!
ae- b mfw 4 3

Xp-ey-amb Hcp hnjm-Zm--IX tahnh-cn k`-n APp\-s\bpw _m[nn-cn--Ww. Fm, A-tlw Xs B

Znhy-amb Kmo-h-n-sbpw Asm-Spm Bh-\m-gn-I-fp-sSbpw Zpjv]cn-Wmaw
I-dn-nt Dq; XpSv AXymh-iyamb Hcp L-n Ah \njv^-e--fp-amsWp ImWm-\n-cn-pp: Zzmc-Ib
- n t`mPhr- j vWy- - I - h o- c - m- s cmw Xn
p Nsm-Sp-p-Ibpw cma-Ir-jvWm
Ime-K-Xn-b-S-bp-Ibpw sNbvX-Xn-\p-tijw
Zzmc- I sb IS- e m- { I- a n- p- - X n- \ p- a pv ,
AhnsS\nv `K-hms Nne `mcy-am-cpssS-bp bmZ-h-kv{Xo-I-sfbpw Ipn-I-sfbpw
hr-m-sc-bpw-Iqn APp-\ kzw cbn C{-{]--n-tep sImp-t]m-cptm, ]-\-Z-nhp Iptd Xn--dnm-cmb Imm-f-m hs-Xnv AXnse
s]p-sf ]nSn-p-sIm-p-t]mb L-nemWv B Znthym-]-I-c-W--fpsS \njv{]tbm-P-\X shfn-s--Xv. B BXy-n-Im-h-bn At-l-n\p Kmohw Ipe-tbm ]Wn-m-Sm-bn, Akv{X-hn-Zy-I-sfmpw
Hma-h-n-. A-b-amb Bh-\mgn-bn
Ap-sam-Sp-n. Imm-f-m ]nSn-p-sIm-pt]m-b-Xn _mn-bm-b-hsc am{Xta Atl-n\v C{-{]--n-se-n-m km[np-q.

Fnpw APp-\v B Kmo-h-nepw

B Bh-\m-gn-I-fn-ep-ap aa-Xm-`n-am\w
Ah X\n-p-s Duw Dt]-n-m
km[n-n-s--XmWv Cu hnjm-Z-I-Y-bpsS
At-bw. ]m-h-m khhpw ]cn-XyPnp hev-e-[m-cn-I-fmbn alm-{]-m-\n\p ]pd-s--tm APp-\ cXv\-tem`w-aqew B hnpw Bh-\m-gn-Ifpw [cn-pwsImmWv \S-X
- v. As\ t]mIp-tm,
]v Jm-h-Zm-l-n\p thn B Znhyh-kvXp-sf APp-\p km-\n AntZ-h {]Xy-\
- mbn hp hgn XSv Ahtcm-S-cp-fn-sbvXp: ""Ipcp-t{i-jvT-tc, APp\ Cu Kmohw ssIsbm-gn-n-p-aXn Imntep t]mhp-I. CXp-sImv C\n Hcm-hiy-hp-an-. Rm\nXv APp-\-p-thn hcpW-t\mSp hmn-b-XmWv; AXv hcp-Wp
Xs Xncn-p-sIm-Sp-t-s.'' CXp tIv
ap ktlm- Z - c - m t{]cn- n- - t m- g mWv
APp-\ Ah-sbmw sh-n-en--Xv.
""Hcm Xs khm-Xn-im-bn-bmb t\-sas-p Imcyw th ka-bv Abmsf
sXpw klm- b n- p- n- s p Inp
t]mepw Abmv AXn-tep ]nSn Abp-t]m-Ip-n-tm!'' Fv Ejn ChnsS
hnjm-Zn-p-p.
(`mc-X-]-cy-S\w)

$ Fm Bbp-[-fpw \njv{]-`-am-Ip kn-bn-emWv bYmY- Po-hn-X-bpw Bcw`n-p--sXv Cu ]mT-`m-Kv hnh-cn-p kw`-h- F-s\-bmWv kmys-Sp-p-Xv?
$ \m\m-th-jm-NmchnNm-c
a\p-jy-k-tam-jvafkl-I-c-W-n
Km\w t]m ip`kp-cssaln-I
Pohn-X-sapw IXn-c-Wn-bm-hq.

(B{^n F.-hn.-Ir-jvW-hm-cnb)

Iem-]-fpw bp--fp-sam-gnv PohnXw IXn-c-Wn-b-W-sa-m-Wtm Ihn Binp-Xv. A-c-samcp temI-s-p-dn-p \n-fpsS kev]- Fsm-sbmWv?
4 4 tIcf ]mTm- h en

$ bp-hn-cpZn\m-N-c-W-n\v D]-tbm-Kn-m-hp t]mhmIy-, ap{Zm-KoX, {]Xn-m-hmIyw XpS-n-bh Xbm-dm-p-I.

$ kvIqfn bphncp--N-e-n-{X-taf kwL-Sn-n-p-I.
$ lrZ-b-t`-ZIw lrZ-bs t`Zn-p
]nXr-Ihyw ]nXm-hns Ihyw
C-c-n ]Z-sf tNphv {]tbm-Kn-p-Xv {in--tm. `mjbvv
Fsms {]tbm-P-\--fmhmw CXp aqew e`n-p-Xv? av DZm-l-c-W- IqSn
Isn hni-I-e\w sNp-I.

ae- b mfw 4 5

""C\s sNo--Xnam-cn-\n-Xy
anSws]Spw X Xe-sIm-p -Xmn
\p ]-p-Sbpw ]nSnp
tXm-h-Xm -Zo-\-Z-bm-ep- \nev]q
Dm-k-apsmp-b-sc--d-p
samtcm-a-\-ss-nfn \s- t\mn
sNhn-p-cp-ns-fn-tX sXfnpw
kzmX-{y-kw-Ko-X-ap-bn-Spp''
kpJw -kpJw

Dq

$ ""sImSpw-Nq-Sns\ Xe-sImv Xmn \apv XW-te-Ip tXm-hv, Db-sc--dv

kzmX-{y-KoXw ]mSp ss]n-fn...''
D]m-[n-I-fn-m kvt\l-amWv {]Ir-Xn-bpsS `mhw.- NsNp-I.

4 6 tIcf ]mTm- h en

]n. `mkvI-c

]-\--{X-

X {]uVn-]m-dnSpw "kzon'
en-\p-tijw \ \Sp-\onSpw t\cw
Fs Ime-Sn-Isf "tkmIvkp' Isft\y `hm
I-tm `nj-Kz-c-[a-ams-tm-tSmXn:
""ImeSn -ap-gp-h\pw hn-em-Wtm; Xm
taen \-]m-Z-\mbv \S-t--cp-sXpw
sNcntm jqtkm tkmIvtkm [cn-msXm-cn-epw
Nhn-o-S-cp-Xn\n Xd-bn Nfn-bn-epw.
hn ImepI, f\m-tcm-Ky-n,-e-i-n-bn
sImp Xpp \s...'' bns\ `hkqw
XpSp-t]m-Ip-tcw Rm, `hm-\-dn-bmsX
\S-p-tI-dn-tm ]mX-I Xnc-t-t]mb.v
Fs in-bp-sas ipn-bp-am-tcm-Kyhpw
hnsm-co-m-Z--fm-sW-p alkXyw
Fsbo kplr-n-s\-sb-s\ [cn-n-m!
Fs Pohn-X-{K--sa-s\ hmbn-n-m!
Xmcp-Wy-p-Sn-mp ]-h,- sN-cn-st\y
tNd-Wn-h-c-pw sN-n hgn-bnepw
s]mp shbn-te-n-s-{Xtbm Zqcw Xmn!
An-s-bn-cpp-nse-{Xtbm ImXw \on!
Bbncw kz]v\--sf-n-cn Npm-Sn-
BZi-`mcw t]dn {Kma-ho-Yn-ItXmdpw

ae- b mfw 4 7

Ncn-s-p-a-Sns `mcw Rm kvacn-oe;

hcn amKns Zqcw Rm\-dn-o-e.
CS-h-m-Xn-mp Iev]-I-{Zp-a- X
apSn-bnn-Sn-mp apjvSn-bm-en-Sn-p-tm
apjvI-\m-p-Sn-b-s-b--lm-k-m Imb-
hp-I hnd-bvp-tmhm-\nSw apg-p-tm
HmSnm--Sp-p s]cn-bmshw, Cc
tXSn-s-mn-cp-n- Iqc-I hngp-p-tm
Hfn-hn-gn-bp tXmgs\ cn-p-hm
Xebn appw-sI-n-sbm-bvp Xncn--tm
sImn-bmshw shdpw sXnNq-s-mfn-bmbn;
An-se-s-cp-amcn Ipfp\o-cp-d-hm-bn.
Ass \bn-smco \-]m-Z- t\Sn
smcm _e-sas in-X aqem-[mcw!
sNcn-n-msX R ]pqp--Xr-q tdmUn
ncnp ]mpw ]mSn, aqh-WsmSn NqSn
t]mb-Xn IY `hm-s\--s\-b-dn-o-Sm?
tXmg--\n Ncn-{Xhpw kml-N-cyhpw `nw!
BXn-tY-b\mw Irjn-m-cs NqSp--Xm
amZ-c-ku-lr-Z--tfmpIn-n-p-n
In-bmbv \nd--tm ]in-bmXp tamn,
]nnb sa-m-bn ibn-n-p-Wtp
]mS-nh-n-ep InW-n sXfn-shw
"Xvemb' bn tXhn-t-hn-p-fnp kp-jvS-\mbv
hn-p -Im-in-m-sX, aI-c-smbvp Xo
I-nq-Sn, ]miz-\-Kcw {]m]n-p-hm
aZn ae-\m-S th\-en amdnt-dn
pXnp \S-smcp ]mZ--sf ]mZ-!
Nqc-em-e-Sn-tbs Npfp-m-sXbpw NpSp
tNmcbn-e-Sn-sXn hgn-bn hogm-sXbpw
\S-t ]ns-ns \K-c--fn Pbn
apdn-bn a\-ns a[p-c-kz-]v\--fn.
sNcn-n-msX \op-am-bn-c--tfm-sSmp
Ncn-s-mZw Iodn hsmco hn-semw

4 8 tIcf ]mTm- h en

an-Xn hoWo-Sp thn-s-bppw Ibv]pw

Fn-te-m-hm-lnpw in-kw-`-c-Wn-I!
Ah-t]m-sb-neo Rm asm-cm-fm-bn-ocpw
Ah-\o-_w hnsm-c-n-en-n-s\-tmse.
Ah-sb Xe-tm-dn hmXmb-\---Hmtcm
Nph-Sp-h-bvp-tmgpw t\cnb t\mhnqSn
kvacW ]pXp-oSpw Pohn-X-p-dn-p-I;
[c-sb-sb-tm-Sm-bn--npw Xmbvthcp-I;
hmbnpw {K--fn-e-cw ao-Smbvhm
Pohn-X-apm-gvNbvp \Inb Im-Sn-I!
]ns tkmIvknmZw s]mXns-mepw \r
mn-t\m-sSmw jqkpw ]rjvThpw Nen-mepw
Xmtgmpw tatem-p-am-bp-bpw Xmgvpw kZm
]mbpao en^vSn-tmw s]sp \ne-mepw
sNcn-n-m-tm-cm-sW k-X-k-l-N-c;
Nc-W-n-se-aw hn-h-sc tXmg-m
\-]m-Z-nmWpw ]mSp-I-sf t\-;
imiz-Xm-tcmKyw Xcp-ap-p-\o-cp-d-h-I.
(]n. `mkvI-cs IrXn-I)

$ tkmIvkv, ev, kzov, en^vv XpS-nb ]Z--fnqSn tUmIvS {]Xn-\n-[m\w

sNp ]pXn-sbmcp Ime-s-p-dnp kqNn-n-p-pv. Ihn {]Xn-\n-[m\w
sNp asmcp Imehpw Ihn-X-bn-ep-v. B Imes Ah-X-cn-n-m Ihn
Xnc-s-Sp ]Z--fpsS khn-ti-j-X-I NsNp-I. XpSv Ihn-X-bn
sXfn-bp cp PohnXkao-]-\--sfbpw tNp-hv ]cn-tim-[n-p-I.
$ ""BSn-am-kta \n-knXw apJw
\oe-tIiw \ne-bvm kmz\w
Bh-Wn-smcp Xp- tX-Sp-smgpw
Bsc-tbmtp \ns-b-m-sX- Rm'' (aghnP-b-evan)
Ihn {]Ir-Xn-bn a\p-jy-`m-h-am-tcm-]n-p-I-bm-Wv. Ccw k`- ]mT`m-K-p-\np Isn hni-ZoI-cn-p-I.
$ ""Ah t]msb-n-eo -Rm asm-cm-fm-bn-ocpw
Ah-\o-_w hnsm-c-n-enn-s\-tmse''
An-en-ns IY kqNn-n-p--Xn-eqsS Imhy-k-`-n\p hp-tN-cp khnti-jX Isn Ah-X-cn-n-p-I.
$ tIc-f-nse kmaq-lnIam-ns Nne kqN\I Cu Ihn-X-bn Zriy-at?
Ah Isn hni-Z-am-p-I.

$
ae- b mfw 4 9

Imcq \oe-I-WvT-n

B sNdp-\-Kc-n ]te-Spw DXp-ms\ImWmw. tlm-ep-If

- psS hmXn, hnt--bn, h--S-hn, Xs-m `mcap Npa-Sn\pIosg; ]Ww Dd-n-bm ]oSnIn--bn.
Ah Ignbpw an ]Wn-sb-Sp-pw. Inp-Xp-sIm-p-]-Po-hn-pw. -D-Xp-m\v Bcp-an, Fnepw B Xcp-W Icp-Xpw, X\np
Nne Npa-X-e-I-fp-sv.
Ahs Pohn- X m- h - i y- eLp- h m- W v ,
Fnepw Ah-\Xp Kpcp-hm-Wv. Ah\pw \mfpI Ign-bp-p-v. DZ-c-ns ]cm-Xn-bm-Wv
Ah\v Dd-p-]mv. lrZ-b-n-\papv Aht\m-Sm-h-emXn. ac--W-en-en-cpv hgn-mtcmSp tIWn-c-p Ipcp-S-s\bpw an

acpw shbn-en s]mcnpw ag-bp

\\pw hgn-h-n Ign-p-Iq-p sImp-sfbpw Nmb-S- b
- psS apn sNp NqSpshw bmNn-np Xnf-bvp shw Xehgn Hgn--s Ing-hn-sbbpw apw ]n DZmko- \ X ImWn- p- - X n- s \- p- d n- v . DZcns ]cn-t-Zh\w DXp-m sNhn-smn-. lrZ-b
- ns thZ\ Ah Aan.
kl-X-]n-pXpw Ahs \ne-bn Alm-c-am-Wv. ktlm-Z-c-sf klm-bn-m
Ah\p taml-apv, Ign-hn-. Ah\pw
hfp-h-p. A-\--am-cp-m-bn-cp-sn Xsmcp Xmm- W h- s \p
IcpXn ktmjnt-s\.
Hgn-hp ka-b- {]mYn-m\pw kphnti-j-{]-kwKw tIm\pw Ah sNehm-n. {ItaW hgn-h-nepw N-ap-n-epw\np thtZm- ] - t Z- i w- s N- p- Xpw inipv tbip--Y-I ]d-p-sIm-Sp-pXpw Ahs \nXy- t Pm- e n- I - f nsv
Imew IS-p.
B \K-c-ns Hcp aqe-bn ]pXp-Xmbn
\nan--s Hcp tdmUn-\m {XntIm-WmIrXn {]m]n Hcp-Xpp ]pc-bnSw hmm\p ]Ww Ah-\p-m-n. Ah `qkzp-S-a--\m-bn. Abm kzw `qan-bn
the XpS-n. InWdp Ipgn-p-I-bm-bn-cpp
the. A{Xbvp am{X-ap-m--ew.
Ign-bp-n-S-tmfw AhXs Ipgn-p
thn-h--tm-sfmcp Iqen-m-cs\ Iqn.
"Ch-s\p {]m\m'p Nne ]d-p.
"h \n[nbpw Inp-sa-p-hm ]mhw ]mSps]-Sp-Xv' Fp Nnecpw. InW XmWph {Ia-n\v DXp-ms Dmlw Dbp-

5 0 tIcf ]mTm- h en

h-p. ap- amdn, Ip- I-p, Ipm-ba

-
- mbn.
an\p \\hp Ip! shw shw Iv
DS-a-s Dw Ipf-np.
B \n-lm-b
- ssZhs kvXpXn-p. Iqpth-e-m-c\v Ap \mep-N{Iw Iqen Inn.
Ap the-tI-dn-bnv Ah hfsct\cw
shw t\mn-smp \np. B Iq]-nep-mb Nntmfw DXp-ms hnimelrZb-n Xnc-am-e-bp-m-n.
tIhn-mv ckw tXmn-bn-s-nepw
Ah Ap I-h-tcm-sSms InW-n
shw I IY ]d-p.
Ahs lrZ-bi
- p-n-bpsS ASn-p ImWms\ hw InW Npgn-n-d-n.

Iqenthebvp t]mbn Inp anw-sImv

aqp-Zn-hkw InW-dp-sI-p tPmen \S-pw.
Cu IW-n Atm Btdm Ac-mWhpw aXnepw IqWpw sIn InW-p]m-ehpw hv AXn-t Hcp Ipcn-i-S-bm-fns Ccp]pd-hp-ambn, \mphgn-bn-eqsS
\S- p- h - c p- - h p ImW- - - h w
"Ctm-p-h-cp-hn! ChnsS Biz-knmw'
Fp tcJ-s-Spn Hcp In sImfp-n,
sXmn-bpw I-bdpw C-tm, buh-\s
Nhn-n-sa-Xnp aptm-pt]m-Ip ]p{Xnp
nXn- - [ n- I - \ mb hc awK- e y- k q{Xw
Nmp aplq-n ]nXm-hn-\p-mIp IrXmYX B IpSpw_-iq-\y-\p-mbn.

Ipn- I InW- n henb Is- S p- nv

amsmen tIp ckn-p. Ab]--p
Hcp Inghn ]d-bp-I-bmWv: ""B sXmSn hgnbpsS h-n-s\mcp InWdp Ipgn-n-n-cn-p-p.
]ip- h ns\ Agnphnm IqsS- qsS
t\mtW ]nttc!''

""AhnsS Hcp IpSn-ep-sIn ]ppw ]ghpw hnncp-s-n Ahs sNe-hn-\p-Xv Inntbt\'' Fv Nne DXp-ms _pn-iq\y-Xsb D-bnp. ""DXp-m hI'' Fp
IqSn Fgp-Xn-h-n-cp-s-n {]kn-np
sImm-am-bn-cpp'' Fsm-cp- Akqb-sp.

InWdv ASn-hsc Xmgv-tXmsS DXp-ms

aSn-oe-bpsS s\n--e-Ibpw Ip. InWdp
Ipgn- - X n- e [nIw `mcw hlnpw Imew
ZoLnpw Ah-\Xp sIn-p. ap-Xp-Zn-hkw

""Xosc KXn-sI-m IpSn-p-Nm-Im Ah\p

h-h-cp-sSbpw InW-d-t\z-jn-t-tm''
Fsmcp ckn-I \nn-p.
Nne Ahs {]hr-nsb am\n-p-Ibpw
sNbvXp.
DXp-m km[m-cW ]dbpw: ""cp hipw
\np shw tImc---hw cp ]mew
th-Xm-bn-cp-p.'' Hcp Ism-nbp-mn-bn-SWw. ]ip-fpw shw IpSn-s.
ag \\-bmsX \np shw tImc--hw Hcp ]pc-bp-m-bn-cp-s-n \mbn-cpp'' Fpw apw.
AsXms {ItaW km[n-p.
Abm-cn InWdp Ipgnn-m Ignhn- m- - h B hgn- n- W - n\nv
shw tImcn. ]ecpw Ipfn B InWnI-c-bn-em-n. Ipn-I AXn Npw
Nhdpw Ipw Cp ckn-p. Hcp Zpcm-{Kln
sXmnbpw asmcp ]m]n Inbpw tamjvSnp.
ae- b mfw 5 1

Cq--cmcpw DXp-ms IjvS-mSp kvacnn-. B ]mhw Ipdhp \nI-n, AXmhn-msX kqn-p. DXp-m \nXyhpw
cp-t\cw InW-p-Isc sNpw; ]cn-kcw
ipNn-bm-pw. shw-tImcn Ismn \ndbvpw. Ipdp IpSnpw. hrn-tI-Sm-t
Fv AhnsS hcp-tm-tcm-sSms ]d-bpw;
Bsc-nepw shw tImcn IpSn-p--XpIm-Wp-tm Ahs lrZbw ]pf-Iw-sImpw. Ahs ]e-\m-fs {ia^ew! Ab-amb km-Zyw!
]Ww hfp. P\- Xnn. ]uc-tas cn-p-Ibpw hyn-kzm-X-{ys
\nb-{n-p-Ibpw sNp--Xn \K-c-k`
PmKcq- I - a mbn; ip- P - e - h n- X - c - W n\pw
aen\-PehnkP-\-n-\p-ap ]-Xn-I
kzoI-cn--s-p.
Pe-p-ge
- p-I m]n-m Nmep-tXm-nb
the-m B InW-ns Npp-Xd
- b
- n Iptd
s]mfn- p- I - f - p. DXp- ms lrZbw
s\mp. B A-Ipw Xo-msX ASp-Zn-hkw Abm- ]n-bn t]mbn-.
Ipgshw \S-n-em-bn.
\K-c-nse Pe-[m-c-I-sfmw ap-Xp-Zn-hn-\Iw aqS-W-sapw As\ sNm-]w \K-c-k` B tPmen sNp-sapw
sNehv DS-a--\n\nv CuSm-p-sapw
Xap--Snp ]c-ky-s-Sp-n.
DXp-ms InWdpw \nI--Ww.
Abm A[n-Im-cn-Isf Ip. AhnsS \ncmi-bm-Wp-m-b-Xv. ]p]-cn-jvIm-cs
]gb a\p-jy ]gn-p. Ipdp Imem-h[n
\on-n-m Abm-f-t]-n-p. AXpw ^enn-.- hr-\p ctm \mtem ]p-m-bn-cpXv \K- c - k - ` - b psS t\sc sRcnp.
hgnmsc XS-p-\nn Abm \K-ck- ` sb `n- p- ] - d - p. km- c n
kSw t_m[n-n-p. Abm-fpsS k-S
- n
bmsXmcp \ymbhpw \oXn- \ n- j v T - a mb
Khsa v In-. Fp-h-mepw Xs
5 2 tIcf ]mTm- h en

Pohn-X-kh-kz-amb InW aqSp-I-bn-sv

B ]Sp-In-g-h iTn-p.
Apw Nne ]dp: ""DXp-mtN-\p
{]mm-sWp tXmp-p.'' GXm-s\
tXmpw B km[p-hn-s\--m. Hcp bph]-cn-jvImcn ]d-bp-I-bmWv: ""B Ing-hs
Ah-km\w AXn-em-sWm tXmp-Xv.''
]ecpw hrs _-m-Sn\p Ipw Icfpw
sImSpt C. Ipgshw Inn-b-tm
InW-dns Imcyw Fm-hcpw ad-p. \nsI temIw! Ctmgpw ad-m--h-cp-v
AXn In-p-I-fn-p Ipn-I.
]-W-n-ep hm]n-Iq-]- A[m\w- s Nbv X pXpS- n. DXp- ms Ipgn
IpI B m\w hln-p. Ipgsh-ap--tm InWdv A\m-h-iy-am-sWpw
D]- t bm- K n- msX InS- p InW- n
sImXp-Ip-mbn s]mXp-P-\m-tcmKyw \inn- p- s apw ap- a p D]- t Z- i - - f m
Abmsf kam-[m-\-s-Sp-m\pw InW aqSnm\pw an{X- bXv\n-p. Ing-hs BibpsS Ah-km\ Cgbpw s]mn.
kzw Bfp-Ifpw X\np i{Xp-f
- m-Wtm
Fp hr AXyw hymIp- e - s - p.
Abm-fpsS lrZbw X]np {Zhn-p. Ip\o t\{X--fnqSn \nK-anv amdn-Ss
adp\np \c XmSn-bpsS Xpn
Xqn.
InWdp aqtS Ah-km-\-Zn-h-khpw Ccp-fnem- p. {]IrXn \n- e - a m- b n. \Kcw
hn{ian\p sImXn-p. hnIm-cssh-h-iy-anm--hsc \n{Zm-tZhn Xgp-In.
DXp-m InW-p-Isc sNp. Ahn-S-samw
Xqp-hr-n-bm-n. AXn\p ]e-hpcp hewh-p. Dumem-Sp--Xp-t]mse Abm
Atm- p- a n- t mpw \Sp. Abm- f psS
a\pw AXp-Xs sNbvXp. F{X-k-abw
As\ Ign- s v Abm- f - d n- n- .
temtIm-]-Im-c-n-\p Xs {ia-^ew,
At\Iw Poh\v Bizmkw \Inb Aar-

X-I-ei-w, Bm-hns KXnp amK-sap

Xm Icp-Xp ]pWy-h-kvXp, B InW,
Ipgn ssIsIm- p- X s \nIpI!
]nsbpw Pohn-n-cn-p-I, \sb XS-bp
\mK-cn-I-X-bpsS Imev, \n-sI Bfp-Ifp-sS-bn-S-bn... B hr-t\-{X- Ihnsmgp-In.

a\-ns Bw \n-tXmsS B Zp_-es

Ims- c p- a mhpw \ne- p. Abm-
InWpaXnen Nmcn-\n-p.
Abm InWpaXn- e n Ib- d n. N{
tNmZy- c q- ] - n
C{- Z n- n\nv
Fnt\mn. s]mmXpS-p amdn-Ss
Abm B Ipcn-i-S-bm-f-tmSp tNp-hp, As\ \np. F{X t\cw \ntm!
Abm- {]mYn-p-I-bm-bn-cptm? AbmfpsS Xesb Xmm-\p {i Igpn
\nmsX t]mbn. Hcp-Xpn sh-sa-nepw
B In- Du-dn-bn-. Abm-fpsS sXm
hc-p. lrZbw Xt-dS- n-p. ]n-bn\np
aWn-\mZw apg-n. Abm tItm F-dnn, ""Ctmp hcn, ChnsS
Bizknmw'' Fm-sc-nepw B temtIm]-Im-cnsb Wntm? Abm- Adn-psIm-mtWm, B sXfn-\o Abmsf amtdmS-W-p. B InW, P\-bn-Xm-hns ta
shw XqIn. Abm kzw InWn\nv Ay-ambn Pe-]m\w sNbvXp.
Abhonse \mbv Nc- a - K oXw ]mSn.
N{s apJw hnfdn. B InW DXp-ms
cl- k ys
hniz- k vX- X - t bmsS
tKm]\wsNbvXp.
(Imcq-cns Xnc-s-Sp IY-I)

$ ""Hcp IoWw ap-

-hmbv Rm s]mgn-th
DZn--bm-sW--mm-hn
Bbncw kuc-a-ew.''
(Ccp-]Xmw \qm-ns CXn-lmkw Anw)
Cu Zi-\-ns shfn--n DXp-ms {]h-\-sf hne-bn-cpp-I.
$ "h \n[nbpw Inp-saphm ]mhw ]mSp-s]-Sp-Xv.'
"AhnsS Hcp IpSn-ep-sIn ]ppw ]ghpw hnn-cp-s-n Ahs sNe-hn-\p-Xv
Inn-tm-tb-s\.'
Cu {]Xn-I-c-W--fn sXfn-bpXv kaql-ns GXp at\m-`mh-amWv? hniI-e\w sNpI.

ae- b mfw 5 3

$ ""B sXfn-\o Abmsf amtdm-S-W-p. B InW P\-bn-Xm-hns ta shw

XqIn. Abm kzw InW- n \nv Ay- a mbn Pe- ] m\wsNbv X p.
Abhonse \mbv Nc-a-KoXw ]mSn. N{s apJw hnfdn. B InW DXp-s
cl-kys hniz-kvX-X-tbmsS tKm]\wsNbvXp.'' IYm-y-w krjvSn-p khnti-j-amb `mh-Xew NsNp-I.
$

""Pe-p-g-ep-I m]n-m Nmep-tXm-nb the-m B InW-ns NppX-d-bn Iptd s]mfnpIf-p. DXp-ms lrZbw s\mp. B A-Ipw
Xo-msX ASp Znhkw Abm ]n-bn t]mbn-.'
""Hcp Ism-n-bp-m-n-bn-S-Ww. ]ip-fpw shw IpSn--s.''

DXp-ms kz`m-h-ns khn-ti-j-X-I {]I-S-am-Ip Ccw k`-

Isn Ah-bpsS ASn-m-\-n IYm-]m-{X-\n-cq-]Ww Xbm-dm-p-I.
$ tIkcn F. _me-Ir-jvW-]n kmln-Xy-s-p-dnv Ah-X-cn-n-p ImgvNm-Sv ]cn-tim-[n-q.
Hcp kmln-Xy-Ir-Xn-bn cv {][m\ Awi--fm-Wp--Xv. Hv am\-kn-I-amb \nco-W-i-nbpw atXv hmb-\-m-cs a\-n kvtXm`w P\n-n-p--Xn-\p
inbpamIp-p. hmb-\-m-cs a\-ns\ Cf-p--Xn-\p in Abm-fpsS
Nn-bpw hnIm-c--fpw hgnsXntmImsXbpw Abm-fn Akw-K-X--fmb kmlN-cy- DZn-m-sXbpw Ccn----hw {]hn-p--Xnepw {K-Imhv
Dt-in-p Znn-tep am{Xw hmb-\-m-cs a\-ns\ kZm \bn-p-sIm-n-cnp--Xn-epamWv Gdnb Iqdpw nXnsNp--Xv. HSpw {]kvXm-hn--Xmb Cu
in A`ymkw sImv Hcmv hi-am-m Ign-bp-Xt{X. CXmWv kmln-Xy\nam-W-co-Xn A`y-kn-n-m-sap ]d-bp-tm \mw Dt-in-p--Xv.
Hcp kmln-Xy-IrXn hmb-\-m-cs a\-n kvtXm`w P\n-n-p-Xv kmt-Xn-IamKw (technique), coXn (style) F cp amK--fnqSn-bm-Ip-p. `uXn-Ih-kvXp-, a\p-jy-cpsS kz`m-hw, hnIm-cw, {]hrn apX-emb Hcp kmln-Xy-Imcs Akw-kvIrX km[-\--fn (materials), Be-m-cnI`mj-bn ]d-bp-I-bmsW-n hn`m-h-\mw-i--fn Abm Xs IrXnsb \nan-m thn krjvSn]-c-ambn sNp {]hr-n-bmWv kmt-Xn-I-amKw. {]kvXpX Akw-kvIrX km[\-fn ]e-Xn-s\bpw XyPnv Nne-Xns\ Abm kzoI-cn-t--Xmbn hcpw. kzoIcn-p Nne-Xn-s\-s Xs IrXnv A\p-tbm-Py-amb hn[-n shn-p-dbvt I-hyhpw Abmp-v.
Xs Akw-kvIr-X-km-[-\-sf Xnc-s-Sp-p--Xn\v Hcp kmln-Xy-Im-cs\ t{]cnn cks (value) Xs Icp--fmb (medium) hmpIsfbpw Bi-b-cp-sfbpw (thought forms) sImp a\-n \nv Xs IrXn-bn-tep ]Ip
hn[-n-\mWv coXn (style) Fp t]cp sImSp-n-p--Xv.
`mj-I-fpsS kz`m-h-t`-Z-fpw hyn-I-fpsS P-kn--amb kz`m-h-t`-Z--fp-a-\p-kcnv coXn-Ifpw amdn-bn-cn-pw. cp t] Htc am\-kn-Ihpw imco-cn-I-hp-amb LS-\tbm-Sp-IqSn, Htcka-bv, Htc ]cn-Xx-n-Xn-bn cp hn`n `mj-I kwkm-cnp cp cmPy--fn P\n-p-Ibpw Ah Htc ktiw kmlnXyw aptJ\
temI-n\p \Im {ian-p-Ibpw sNpp Fp hnNm-cn-p-I. Fmepw `mj5 4 tIcf ]mTm- h en

IfpsS hyXymkw \nanw Ch-cpsS kt-i-p Xn hyXym-k-ap-mbns Ccn-p--Xm-Wv. CXp-t]mse Hcp hyn-bpsS coXnv asm-cph-t-Xnt\mSv Hcn-epw kqW-amb kmZr-iy-ap-m-bn-cn-p-I-bn-. Hcp a\p-jys coXn
Abm-fpsS kz`m-h-ns {]tXy-I-Xsb kqNn-n-pI Xs sNpw. CXp \nan-amWv coXn FXv B a\p-jy Xs F sNmv Dm-bn-p--Xv. coXn-bn
\nv a\p-jy-cpsS am\-kn-I-fpw hnIm-c-]-c--fp-amb kz`m-h-hy-Xym-k- kmam\y-ambn Ip-]n-Sn-m Ign-bpw.
(cq]aRvP-cn-bpsS apJ-hp-c-bn \nv)
tIkcn F. _me-Ir-jvW]n

kmln-Xy-c-N-\-sb-p-dn-p Fsms Xz--fmWv tIkcn aptmphbvp-Xv?

"DXp-ms InW-dp'-ambn _n-nv Ah hni-ZoI-cn-q.

ae- b mfw 5 5

Anw

]W-tam-Sn-nX-ss

hmXn-en hp

apn hm-ey-tm-sS- Ip-iew tNmZn-pp:

""ASp-q ]n kzw {Kma-n-semcp amkw
aSp- sshNn-{X-y-cm-ln-Xy-n-ep-bntmt\,
Cm-cp-I-tk-e-bn `qXIm-em-m-Z-n
pnjvSw \pW-p-sIm-n-cnpw ]mh-mt\,
aXn-bm-bnt \n\-t-Im--\n-{Zm-WXzw?''
KXn-ap-nb Rms\-mcpcw Ispp:
""app hjw tXmdpw hnSp hmSm-dp
app-n-q-hn-n-X-sf-{X-sb--dn-bmsX
A-sm-Xp hjw IS-p-t]m-sb-p-sm
c-c-mWo aplq-n-se--`mhw.
]dhq \n-t-l-anp Rm app-nq
Ic-fnp-Sp-tm-ep-a-n-X-fp-I-ft{X''
]nsbpw amkw cp \o-th, kphn-\o-X
sam--k-Z-\-n kp{]-`m-X-tm-sSmw
Pon hn-d-pp \Kcw hopw; ImXn
tIq Rm: ""Ctmsfp sNbvhp \o Pohm-mth?
aqp amk-am-btm {Kma-Po-hn-X-ns
aqI-th-Z\-bn- \o apn-n-S-pp!
aSpn-tbm \n\-t-I-Xm-\X?'' Rmt\m,
a\-n-c-w-]m-sm-Sp-hn-d-bp-p:
""ap-IWvTw Rm\np tLmjnq \n-tlw
aps \ne--\-q-hn-\m-dn-X-ft{X!'
(Be-m-)

5 6 tIcf ]mTm- h en

$ "]dhq \n-t-l-anp Rm app-nq

Ic-fnp-Sp-tm-ep-a-n-X-fp-I-ft{X'
"ap-IWvTw Rm\np tLmjnq \ntlw
aps \ne--\-q-hn-\m-dn-X-ft{X.'

ASn-h-c-bn ]Z- Ihn-bpsS GXv at\m-`m-h-s-bmWv ImWn-p-Xv?

Cu ImgvN-mSv hne-bn-cp-p-I.

$ "ASp-q' F Ihn-Xbvv Hcp Bkzm-Z-\w Xbm-dmpI.

$ "kp{]`m-X-tm-sSmw Pon hn-d-p \Kcw' Cu {]tbm-K-n
Fsms `mh- sXfn-bp-pv? Is--ep-I s]mXp-hmbn Ah-X-cnnq.

ae- b mfw 5 7

am[-hn-pn

ap \w

sNbv X n- c p Xs inc- n
Ah aZn--Xp-sIm- Adp-ap-J-n\p
tZjyw h-Xv. AXv Ah-fpsS ]Xn-hm-Wv.
]t, A]-cn-Nn-X-\mb B bphm-hns
apnhv Ah Xs A]-am-\n--cp-Xmbn- c p- p. Xm Ah- f psS IW- h - \ m- W v .
Ahv Blmcw tXSn- s m- p- h p
sImSp-p-Xpw Xmam-{X-am-W.v Xm _pn]qhw Ah ]d--sXpw A\p-k-cnv
Pohn-n-cp-p-sh-n Cv Cu henb \Kc-n tdmU-cp-In InS-p-d-tnhcpam-bn-cp-n-, icn-bm-Wv. ]t, ]Ww hpsIm-n-cn-p B Imev X\nv Alw`m-h-am-bn-cp-p. ^mIvS-dn-bpsS Imhm-c\mb X\nv kzev]w aZy-]n-p-hm `mcybpsS A\p-hmZw thW-sa-n--tm. Bc5 8 tIcf ]mTm- h en

dnp ^mIvSdn-bp-Sa Hcp cm{Xn Ahn-sSsbn Xs Hcp apgp- aZy-]m-\n-bm-bnm-Wp-sav? tPmen-bn \nv ]pd-m-nbnv Bdp amk-m-e-am-bn. hoSn, hop-kma-{Kn-If
- n, ss]k-bp-an-. Fsm ]mnsb-cn-In ISmpw Gp-sImv Xm\pw
Ahfpw Pohn-p-p. ckv\ F cmw-Xcw
`W-ime bmN-Iv kuP-\y-ambn ]gInb `-W-]ZmY- hnX-cWw sNptm Xm Ah km- Z nv `mcybv v
sImpt]mhpw. Ah Fmw cmbn
`mKnv IS-em-kp-Io-dp-I-fn hnf-pw...
"Am, \nsf Im Bcpw ]dbn
hoSn-m--h-cm-sWv.' Nph Xe-sp
[cn sNdp- - m- c ]d- p. \n
Amhvv `Ww hnf-n-sm-Sp-p-Xp

I-tm Rm ]d-p-t]m-bn: "Krlevan, Hm-cw Krl-evan'.

Adp-ap-J-ns `mcy Xs Idp tNep-p-sImv Ip-I XpS-p.
"Fp-sN-mw.' Ah ]dp: "Cu hnh-can-m--h Ipw-Ip-Snv \ DtZymKw Ifp-Ip-fn-nt? C\n F\nv FmWv Hcp
hoSp-m-hpI? Fs PohnXw \inp'.
"As\ ]d-b-cpXv Am.' B bphmhv
]dp: "\nv Hcp [\n-I-Ip-Spw-_n Bb-bpsS tPmen Inn Fv Xobn-tm? Fs A Hcp ]mkn-Ip-Spw_n Bdp-sImw Bb-bmbn ]mp.
Ipn-Isf Ipfn-n-pI, Ahsc ]mn
sImp-t]m-hp-I, Ahsc InS-n-bp-d-pI
A{X-am{Xw tPmen. ifw Adp-]Xp cq]mbpw. Hmtcm hjm-cw-`-nepw \mep kmcnI km-\-ambn Inp-Ibpw sNpw. `Wtam? Hm--cw. Znh-tk\ amwkw hc-nbXpw tImgnbpw apw Xnmw. A acn-p-Xp-hsc B hon kpJ-ambn Pohn-p.'
"F\nv Acw Hcp tPmen \o icn-bmn-c
- ptam?' Adp-ap-J tNmZnp: "F\nv
Acw `- W - a mWv
cpNnv CWpI.'
bphmhv Dds Nncn- p.
"C, Am,' Abm
]dp: "\nv Cu
P- n Hcm- b - b psS
DtZymKw Inp-Ib
- n-. Bbbm-hm s]mbn P\n-Ww.'
Adp- a p- J Cm- ` w- K tmsS apJw Xncn- p.
]mn Ccpp hym]np
XpS-n-bn-cp-p. Ipn-I-sfm-hcpw t]mbn-g
- n-n-cpp. Imhm-c tKv
AS-p-]q-p-I-bm-bn-cp-p.
"F\nv A-c
- n Hcp
tPmen km-ZnpXcptam?'

Adp-ap-Js `mcy tNmZn-p.

"Rm {ianmw.' bphmhv ]dp: "{]bmk- a mWv. ImcWw Ctm Bpw
Xn-n hnizm-k-an-. sNp-I-b-dptms kn-^n--p-I FhnsS
FmWv Ah tNmZn-p-I. Rm Iptd
e--fn-embn Aep\S-p-p. Hcp
amKhp-an-msX Rm Iptd-mew Xoh-nbn Ibdn kn\n-am-m-p-I ]mSn Imipm-n. Ctm AXpw {]bm-ka
- mbn. Fs
{]mbw sXn. Ipn-Isf am{Xta Xoh-nbn ]mp ]mSp-hm sdbnth-m kXn-p-I-bp-q.'
"\n ]mp ]mSptam?' Adp-ap-Js `mcy
tNmZn-p. F\nv ]mp tIp-hm hfsc
CjvS-am-Wv. Xncp-s\th-en-bn, Rms\mcp
Ipn-bm-bn-cp--tm Fs Abh-v
Hcp `mK-h-X-cm-bn-cpp Xma-kn-n-cp-Xv.
cmhnse Rm ]mp-tI-p-sIm-mWv Ddn \nv Fgp-t-n-cp-Xv.'
"]mp- t Iv DW- c p- h m\pw Ipdp `mKyw
thWw.' bphmhv ]d-p.
Adp- a p- J \v Cu hnjbw apjn- - \ m- b ntmn. Abm Hcp IS-emkv \nhn
^pSv]m-n hncnv AXn Npcp-p-Iq-Snn-S-p.
"Fp- `mKyw!' B kv{Xo Dds ]dp:
F\nv Fp `mKy-amWv Ctm? InS-m
hoSn- , ssIhiw Hscm ss]k- b n- ,
Hn\pw sImm Hcp hrs s]mbn-tm-btm Rm...' Ah hopw IpI XpS-p.
"As\ hyk-\n--cp-Xv.' bphmhv ]d-p:
"IS-ens hp ]mp-hm\pw `mKyw
thWw. cm{Xn-bn IS-ens ]mpw tIv
\-{X-fpw t\mn-smp aep InSp-hm-\p `mKyw \nnt?
Adp-ap-Js `mcy Xe-Ip-ep-n.
ae- b mfw 5 9

"Rm t]mbnhc- s .' Abm ]dp:

"Fs Iqp-Im Fs-mp hn.Sn. tj\n \np-p-m-hpw. R Cp aZncm-inv hn Ib-dp-I-bmWv'. Adp-ap-Js
`mcy Xs sNdnb `m-n\nv Aw
]nn-b-sX-nepw In-bp Hcp tcma-pX- s - S pv Abmp \on."Fs
Hmabvv CXv ssIbn-en-cn--s.' Ah
]dp.

"\n icnpw alm-e-van-bpsS Ah-Xmc-amWv'. B bphmhv ]d-p. Abm \S-I-p-I-gn--tm Adp-ap-J Fgp-tn-cppsImp tNmZnp: "\psS BsIbp Hcp kzm-bn-cpp B ]pXv. agmew hm C\n \ap-s-hn-sS-bmWv Hcp
c? AXv \o Fn\v Ah\v sImSpp?
"Abm FtmSv kwKo-X-s-n kwkmcnp.' B kv{Xo ]pn-cn-tbmsS ]d-p.
(am[-hn-p-n-bpsS kpW-Ir-Xn-I)

$ ""\psS BsI-bp kzm-bn-cp B ]pX-v. ag-mew hm C\n \aps-hn-sS-bmWv Hcp c? AXv \o Fn\v Ah\v sImSpp?''
""Abm-sf-tmSv kwKo-X-s-p-dnv kwkm-cn-p'' B kv{Xo ]pn-cn-tbmsS
]dp.
Xs GI-kz-mb In-fnp-Xv sNdpm-c\v km-\n Adp-ap-J-ns
`mcy-bp-sS {]hrn \n Fs\ t\mn-m-Wpp?
$ ISp Zpcn-X-nSbnepw {]km-Zm--IX \ne-\np IYm-]m-{X-amWv
IYbnse bphm-hv. IYm-k-`- ap\nn NsNp-I.
$ ""]rYznbnep a\p-jy \S-- ]
Y-fn-en-tm-g-t[m-ap-J-hm-a-\
Cn-cn-h-w am{Xw Im-h
Cn-cn-hw Nnn-p--h''
(HmW-m-p-Im sshtem-n-n)
]pXnb Imes a\p-jym-h--bmtWm Cu Ihn-X-bn kqNn-n-p-Xv?
Hcp s]mXpN kwL-Sn-n-p-I.

6 0 tIcf ]mTm- h en

IrjvW
- W
- n- kvamc-Ih
- m-b\
- i
- m-e, s]mm\n

$ CXv Hcp {KmaoW-hm-b-\-im-e-bpsS Nn{Xw. CXp-t]mse \n-fpsS {]tZ-is

{][m-\-sap tXmp Hcp Zriyw Bhn-jvI-cn-p-I.

\q-Xncn

Xrmhv

A-e-amWv R-fpsS {][m-\-t-{Xw. kmaq-Xn-cn-bpsS hI Xcs-Sp-n-bXv Fp ]d-bp--Xmhpw icn. \mep ]pdhpw ]-m-cpsS aT-.
kaqlaTw. Xrm-hmWv RfpsS tI{w. Ahn-sS-bm-bn-cpp BZyw RfpsS ]mv.
Xrm-hn ZpK-bpsS {]Xn-jvT-bm-Wv. AhnSs \h-cm{Xn {]kn--am-Wv.
kZy sIt-aw.

Xrmhv t{Xw

6 2 tIcf ]mTm- h en

HXp Znh-khpw Xmb--I. Cucpw

aqqpw Xmb-I Hmtcm Znh-k-hpw.
tIc-f-nse Fm tbmKy-m-cmb
sImp-Imcpw hcpw. C-dn-bp
Xrme tIi-hs ap- (At-S) ae-a-mhv tIi-h-sm-Xp-hm
Dm-hpw. AXp-t]m-semcp Xmb-I
\nco-m {]bm-kw. A\p-P ANyp-Xsm-Xp-hm Xs Akm-[yw.

Icp-hmSv a\

AhnsS Xmb-I Bkz-Zn-p--h [mcmfw. Nne \ taf-m-cp-am-Wv. Fm

Ctm ]tg-am-Xncn kZy-bn-. ]v DuWv
]te-S-m-bn-m-Wv. BZyw A-e-n-\pn, ]ns kaq-laT-n. Cs\
kZy-\-S-m ]-mcpw tkp-amcpw a-cam-Wv. Hcp Iq Hcp Znh-ks apgp-h
GmSpw Gpw. Znhkw sNptmdpw
kZy Kw`o-cambn hcpw.

ae-a
- m-hn
tIi-hs
- m-Xp-hm

Hcp DusWm-cpw
ae- b mfw 6 3

]g-sbmcp Xpd-ap-J-am-bn-cpp
s]mm-\n. A-s\-bmWv
AhnsS I-hSXmev]-cy-ap-h tNt-dn-b-Xv. Xangv
{_m-Wcpw [mcmfw hp.
Ah-cpsS hc-hn\v asmcp
ImcWw tImS-Xn-bm-Wv.
sslkvIq amj-m-cm-bpw
BZyw hXv Ah-cm-Wv.
s]mm\n apkn^v
tImSXn

Ahn-Ss kwkvIm-cs kzm[o-\n

HmWv It\men I\m. s]mm-\nbn IqSn CXp t]mIp-p, hS-Ic
hsc. Imb-ep-Ifpw ]pg-Ifpw
apdnpapdnmWv CXp ISpt]mIpXv. `mcXp-g-bn \nv Xncqv
Hcp ssIh-gn-bp-v. s]mm-\n AmSn
hgn. cp `mKpw apkvenw-I
Xnn-mp-p.

Kpcp-hm-bqv

PamAv henb]n

6 4 tIcf ]mTm- h en

I\m-ens ]me-ap-v; Ip-ssh-iy-cpsS

]mew. AhnsS henb tXmWn InS-pw.
]p-a-Wn-m-WXv ]pd-s-Sp-I. shfn--amhp-tm Nmh-m-s-pw. Ahn-sS-bn-dn
\Sv Kpcp-hm-bqv.

Ip-ssh-iy-cpsS ]mew

Xncp-h-\--]pcw hsc Fm-\p Pe-]m-XbpsS `mK-amWv It\men I\m. apd-P-]n\v \q-Xn-cn-am t]mbn-cp-Xv CXp-h-gnbmWv. cp kwL-am-bmWv Ah t]mhp-I
]Xnhv Bgzm-tcn X{m--fpsS kwLhpw
Xncp-\m-hmb hm[yms kwL-hpw. tv
Km-bmWv Ccp-hcpw Xncp-h-\--]p-cv
Fp-I. Iqn-sm-p-t]m-Im sImm-cn \nv lcn-m-cs\ Ab-bvpw.
lcn-mcs AI-S- n-bn
apd-P-]-n\v

(tcJ-I)

$ tZis hc-bvp-tm GsXmw LS-I-mWv \q-Xncn {]m[m\yw

\In-bn-p--Xv? Nn{X- \nco-nv Is-q.
$ tZis Fgp-nepw BhnjvIcn-m-a-tm. \n-fpsS tZihnti-j- sNdp
Ipdn-p-I-fmbn Ah-X-cn-nq.

$
ae- b mfw 6 5

tImhn-e
s]cp-h-q ]md-ta amWn--s\-gp--
Fgp-n-\n-cp-nb ApXpSn I-fpnbpw Do-cn-p-nbpw Iqp-Im-cm-bn-cp-p.
Fgp-Xm\pw Hme-hm-cm\pw Ah Hcp-anv ]Tnp. I-nd ]Snmsd-mv If-cn-bn
Ipn-n-Wn--tcmSv Ah Ccp-hcpw Aachpw Imhyhpw ]Tn-p. tIm-fnbpw hSnpw A`y-knv Ah-t\ym\yw Ipd- p. I- nd Ing- s - mv If- c n- b n
Ah I-sI-n--b-n, Ah-cpsS sap-d-p.
Bbp-[-fpw Btbm-[-\-ap-d-Ifpw Ah
A`y- k n- p- d - n- p. CXn- \ n- S - b n Ah
At\ym\yw t]cpw ad-p. ]\-ms tKmbn \mb Do-cn-bpsS I-fpn am{X-ambn.
hmc--d-n Do-cn-pn I-fp-n-bpsS
DWyq-nbpw Bbn.

Docn

ap- N-bvp -t]m-bn.

Gg-c-sh-fp-n-s\-Wov Ipfnp Ipdn-bnv IpSpa-bn sXnqNqSn Do-cn-pn ]pd-m-sSmcp-n.

Ac-a-Sn-o-e-sIn Ac-hm Npn Docn ]pds-p. Fm Ft Hcp Icnv Ins\
thWw. hmWn-bw-Ipfw Nbvv t]mbv hcs. As\ hW-n, Asb hWn
Do-cn-pn bm{X tNmZn-p. ]mf-sm-Xnbpw
]mW-tmepw FSpv Docn ap-n-d-n.
Ae-cn-d
- b
- n ]d-p-nsb Ipnv, Id-bn ae-hm-bnsb sXmgpXv, ]Sn-p-c-bn
Cd-b
- p-sh Hme-p-Ss
- b-Spv, Kpcp-hns\
kvacnv, Kpcp-\m-Y
- msc kvacnv Docn ]Sns-n-d-n. ]\-ms ]Snp-c-bn sNv
Docn I-fp-nsb XpW-Iq-n.
6 6 tIcf ]mTm- h en

apn-en-t-cnbpw ]n-t-cnbpw ISv shpImSpw ISv ckw ]dv IY ]dv NmXn-am \S-p. anw shfp-pw-aps tItcn-pg ISv s]cp-a-ebpw tImtS-cn-ppw
adnv Ah t]mbn. \mSmb \msSmw
\Sv ImSmb ImsSms ISv Ah cphm-en-b
- m N-bvp-t]m-bn. Ahsmcp
`b-an-, Ahsmcp i-bp-an-. Hcp-s\m-cp- appw ]npw XpW \nptm GXp sImnepw Ah t]mbn
hcpw. ]d-n-a-ebpw Ib-dn-hcpw.
]m- n- p- g - b n ssIImapJw IgpIn
Ah ]mf-sm-Xn-I Agn-p. ssIhmbv
IgpIn \nhv A\-ae t\mn Ah
\S-p. I-Sn-tm-Sae -Iv sXmgpXp
Ipn-p. Ih-f-m-d-bn s]cp-h-gn-b--en Ah As cmhp-]p-en. hgnb--e-n sXcpw hS-cpw hp-IqSnbn- c p- p. ]InSIfnbpw hS- ]mpw

IWymI-fnbpw Dm-bn-cp-p. BZys

Ipp-Sm Iqhn-b-tm Ah FWo-p.
anw shfp-pw-apt Ah ]pd-s-p.
sImn-Wn-bpsS Xo-en Ah
I-e-S-n. apn-bp-cpn N-bn Ibdn
Ah Ins\ t\mn \S-p.

\np _mtey- m- c - s \- t\mn

sXcpw hS-cpw dmhp--mcpw au\w
]qp. jqfw ]mSm t]mepw Npp-I
Dcp-fp-n-tm!
CsZ-mWv?
IsI-ptm?

Do-cn-p-np t]mp-th-Ww, Do-cnpn t]mp- I sf Is- S p- p. Hcp

sN, Hcp Imcn, sN\pw Imcnpw ]v
\mev . sN\pw Imcnpw h- s m- v .
Hmtcm h- a pdw shmw. Hmtcm- ns
]pdpw \mgn CS-gn hnp-W-mw.
I-fp-nv Imf thWw, I-fpn Imf-Isf
Ip t_m[n-p. Hcp ]p, Hcp ssae.
]pbvpw ssaebvpw ]v cv.
]pbv pw ssaebv pw kqNnsmv .
cn-sbpw hmpSw hmg-p-S--t\mfw
t]mcpw.
Do-cn-pn t]mv hmn-p. I-fpn
Imf hmn-p. Dcp- ssIamdp-tm
s]mcp-p-Im Bv hnfn-p Iqf-m.
Iv N Ie--s.
t]mp-Isf It--tm Docn apc-p,
Hm!
H t]mv Npfn-p.
Imf-Isf It--tm I-fpn Ie-n,
ame ame!
Ifnw amdm Imf-n-Sm- AS-n.
t]mp-I-fpsS h-sm-p-In-S-bn
Hpw ktm-N-an-msX \np sNdp-_mtey-m-cs\ t\mn s]mcp-p-Im Iqfm angnt \np. Icn- m- e n- m- X
t]msem-cp-! Ah-\vsmcp Iqk-en-,
Ipep-h
- p-an-. siw ]mSm Iqf-mmhp-n-. \mn-d-n-tmtbm?

XmSI-fmn hmep-I-fmn Imfcpw cknpp.

Ipw Nm-Xn-amcpw N--Sn-bn-d-n. Bfdnns-t]mse \mm-en-I \S-tm s]mcp-p-Imcpw dmhp-
- mcpw \n_vZw. sXcpw hS-cpw \n-_vZw.
Iqf-m FhnsS?
N--Sn-bn-dn Nm-Xn-am \np. Hcp
hmpw ]d-bmsX bm{X-t]m-cp-Xpw NnXa-, C\n-bp-sam-cn- ImWm Ign-bptam?
B-dnbmw? Xncn-p-\nv Do-cn-pn
ssI s]mn ssI hoin, t]mbv hcs
Iq-tc.
Ahsc hmgvn dmhp-cpw s]mcp-pImcpw GtIm-Zcw Iqhn, \n C\nbpw hcWw, C t]mbv _co.
DuSpw hgn-bp-ad
- nv Iv \S-p. ]pg ISv
GsdZqcw \Sv s]mcn \p-bvv Ahscmv XW Nmp.
Bepw B-dbpw InWdpw Ismnbpw Dv. Ism-n-bn shw C.
tImcn \nd-bvm ]mfbpw Ibdpw C.
InW- n\np shw apm Hcp
\nhmlhpw C.
Ben tNmn ]p- InX-p.
Hme-pS B-d-bn Nmbvv IpS-men ]mW- t m Nmcn Nm- X n- a m
]cpn.
shw Fs\ FSppw?

shp t]mp-I sImv Ipep-p-n.

Ipf-p-d-p-t]mtbm!
Hcp sNp- I n- S mcwt]mse Imf- I - f psS
]q- s - p- I n- S - b n Xd- np

Bens I\ thSp-I-fn Nmcn-n-Sv

Do-cn-pn at\m-cm-Py- Ip. ]v
]m-h-Ip-am-c-m ]p Ifn-sh B
]v InW-n hoWp. Fn-t\m-nbpw
ae- b mfw 6 7

hnjm-Znpw Ipam-c-m hw Id-p-tm

Hcp hr{_m-W B hgn hp. Ipam-cm hnjm-Zn-npw Fn-t\m-n-bnpw ]v
Ib-dn-n-n-bn-. {_m-W InW-n-tev
Ap- I FbvXp- h n- p. An- t
Asbv X v ]nSn- nv Cn- W sIn
InWn\npw ]v s]mn-sb-Sp-p.

I ann-a-d-bp--Xp-t]m-se.
t\mp-tm
Ismn \ndsb shw!
\mm-en-I \mepw IpSn-p.
\mm-en-I \mepw IpSnpXonpw
Ismn \ndsb shw!

Fs Kpcp-\mYm!
Iv \mepw IpSn-p-a-S-n.
Do-cn-pn Kpcp-\m-Ys\ kvacn-p-tm
D-m-n Ip-I Xmt\ AS-p. apIfn s]mcnsh-bn-en Ben-e-I Xpn-fp. Hc--s]-- a--sfms Xpm! ]c-K-Xn-b-S-bm Bbncw ]tc-Xmm- Ben-e-I-fn s]mcn-p. Hcn-pshw, Hcp Ipn kw`mcw HmpwtXmdpw ss]Zmlw s]cp-p. It]m-fI
-
I\-p. ]mfbpw Ibdpw Inm hnfn-p-dsmpw Hcp ]pctbm ]pc-bn-Stam ImWm\n-. hgnt]m-tcm, Bcpw hn.

ssI IgpIn apJw IgpIn ssIIm-ep-I

IgpIn Nm-Xnam Xf t]mn. FSp
shw sXmn-bn Ipdp:
sXfn- \ o IpSnv Nm- X n- a m Zmlw
t]mn. IpSn- {X shw sXmn- b n
\nIp.
Bf-dn-n-s--t]m-se, hgn-b-dn-n-s-t]mse ]p-- \S-p. Do-cn-pn
]mW-tm FSp-p. HmS-m-ens HmepS FSp-p-tm

Bmn- msX Bfpw s]cp- a m- hpw

CmsX CtXXv \mSv, GXqcv?

IpS s]mp-n-.

Do-cn-bpsS It]m-f-I-fn abw I\p-p-m-bn-cp-p.

Ip\n ]mSn ]Xn-p-t\m-n, ]nSp-sampw ZrjvSn-bn s]n-, ]t, IpS

s]mp-n-.

D--W-en Ben-e-I-fn \nn-d-n-hcp Imn-e-sm-en-I {ihnv Do-cnpn \nhn-cp-p. kt-l-an-, Btcm

hcp-p-m-bn-cp-p. Docn \mep-]mSpw
t\mn, Bcpw C! Hcp-]t, Adn-bmsX
Aev]w ab-n-tm-bn. Ifpnbpw ab-pp. Fm Nm-Xn, \apv ]pd-s-tSt?
Iv \mepw sNhn]mp- \ n- p, InXbvm t]mepw ad- n- s t]mse,
B-d-bn-tepw InW-nIc-bn-tepw
Ah amdn-amdn t\mn\np, Xncn--dn
IuXp-I-tm-sS. Bcm-bn-cpp? Imn
AXn-]-cn-N-b-ns aWw]nSnv \mmen-I \new \np. BcmWv hp-t]mbXv? s\bvhnf-ns kpKw t]mse,
ssIX-q-smSn ]mdn-b-t]m-se, Icn-bn-e-Ifn Imn- e - s men Xn- b - t ]m- s e,
Im\ Xpp shbn-en hm-e-q6 8 tIcf ]mTm- h en

Fs NmXo Fv DWyqn hnfn-p.

Ifpn \np. Ip \np.
I-fpn t\mn\np. Ipw ]I-p-t\mn. Do-cn-p-n-bpsS Hme-pS s]mp-n. IpS A\-p-n-. Iv \mepw A\-nbn-.
Cetbm Imtm A\-n-bn-.
NXntm Fv
ssIshp.

I- f pn

s\v

Do-cn-pn \nhp-\n-p.
Do-cn-pn hnbp.
\o Bcm-bmepw \ns Rm In-n-. \o
Bcm-bmepw \ns Rm tIn-n-. \o
Bcm-bmepw \ns Rm sXmn-n-, t\mhnn-n-. \o Fn\v Fs ]nSn-p-sh-pp?

]t, IpS s]mn-bn-.

F\npw Fs Nm-Xnpw \mev ]p-pw \o shw Xp. I-dnv
ss]Zmlw t]mn--Xv Fs ]nSn-psh-m-\m-bn-cptm? Fs IpS ]nSn-psh-m-\m-bn-cptm? Xf Hgn--tm,
C\n hnSp-X Xcn-I, Rm t]mbvhc-s.

\nd-p. Do-cn-p-n-bpsS hmcn-sb-p-I

amwk-t]-in-I \ndpw s]cppw hnPrw`n-p.
ssII \nhn amdnSw hncnv Hcp
NphSv apn Hcp NphSv ]nn s]cp-hn-cen Dbv CSwssI s]mn hewssI
Ip\n-v

[ym\nt \np, IpS FSp- m

Docnpnv ssI Ip\n-n-.

Docn-pn aXn-ad
- v a\w-ad
- v Xs adv
[ym\n-p.

Fs A, s]tm-c Fs Imn-cnp-p. Fs A s]mm-c- Imp\n-]p-m-hpw. Fs s] Ipn-s Fcn-Xn-cn-an-gn-tbmsS hgn ]mp-pm-hpw.

At...

a\m Fsms \nco-npw At]-nnpw A\-mt]mepw Ign-bmsX Docn-pn Xd-p-\n-p. ]cn-Xm-]-sv Ah

I-fp-nsb t\mn. I-fp-nbpw Ipn-bn
Xd--t]mse \np-p, t\mp-p, Aem-tm-sS.

a\w-\n-d-sb, I\n-dsb A hnf-pp!

Ctm Cu `qan-sb-s H-ss-bn
s]mmw.
\o Bcm-bmepw \ns Rm sImp-t]mImw. \o hcp-tm, apn-en-t-cnp hcptm?
hmc--d-n-ep-ocn \ns sImp-t]m-Ipw.
A- b psS Im \ns Cdn
shmw. As Im \a-kvI-cnmw.
ssI Xmgp-I-bm-bn-cp-p.
I-fpn t\mn-\np-m-bn-cp-p.

I-fpnbpw A\-p-n-tm!
Fs I-nd Kpcp-\m-Ym...

hnZq-c-Zriywt]mse, Pm--ckvarXnt]mse
I-fpn Xcnp\np.

Ctm am{Xw Fp-sImv Kpcp-\m-Ys\

Hma hp Fv Do-cn-pn hnkva-bn-p.
I-nd Kpcp-\m-Y a\-n sXfn-n.

FmWv Fs Nm-Xnv?

]Sn-m-sd-ms Kpcp-\m-Ym.

I- f q- nsb t\mn aqp- h w Docn

kXn tNmZnp:

]Sn-m-sd-ms Kpcp-\m-Y a\-n sXfnn-.

I- f pn anp- n- , A\- p- n- . Ca
t]mepw shp-n---kvX-_v[w.

IpS FSp-s?

Ing-s-ms Kpcp-\m-Ym.

IpS FSp-s?

Ing-s-ms Kpcp-\m-Y a\-n sXfnn-.

IpS FSp-s?

a\--dv Do-cn-pn As\ kvacn-p.

A a\-n sXfn-n-.
a\dv s\p-cpIn Asb kvacn-p.
F-t, s]mm-c-t, At...
\\-hp-t]mse, ]ns Ipfn-cp-t]m-se, Hcp
Xfn-cp-t]mse A s\n-ep-Wp. s\v

I-fpn-bpsS Npp-I hnXp-n. In-aI ]nS-p. \n-\nn tImcn--cnv

I- f pn hnbp. hnbn icocw
IpXn-tm I-fpn samgn-p FSpmw.
IpS- s b- S p- p- t m Do- c n- p- n- b psS
ssI--bn IpS--s-Sp-m-hp Icppmbn-cp-p. s]cp-hn-c-ep-Ip Xmsg
ae- b mfw 6 9

B-db
- n hn hogp-p-m-bn-cp-p.

H-bn-, sN-an-, anm--an.

P]n-s-dn ]pjv]w-t]mse Iqh-f-n-et]mse Xma-c-q-t]mse Hme-pS ssIhp. IpS tXmfn-se-Spv Docn B-dbn-d-n.

cmh-dn-n ]I-e-dn-n ag-b-dn-n

a-dn-n \mS-dn-n ImS-dn-n
tXmS-dn-n ]pg-b-dn-n hgn-b-dn-n
hc-d
- n-n-. tImtS-cn-ppw s]cp-ae
- bpw
tIt-cn-p-gbpw shp-ImSpw ISv AkvXa-bn\pw {Xnk-ybvpw apv IrXyw
a--Xn--Snv Ah tZi-aWv tNmep-f-n Cd-n.

]mW-tm hoin Docn \S-p.

\mm-en-I \S-p.
\mm-en-Ip ]nt I-fpn \S-p.

(XIw)

$ Hmtcm tZi-n\pw AXn-t-Xmb `mj-bp-v. "X-I'-nse `mj-bn {]I-S-amhp {KmaoWkwkvIm-c-nsbpw ImjnIkwkvIm-c-nsbpw AS-bmf-
Is-pI.
$ "X-I'-ns BJym-\s khn-ti-j-am-p LS-I-- ]mT-`m-Ks Bkv]Z-amn hne-bn-cp-p-I.
$ \n-fpsS \mSp-ambn _-s anp-Ifpw sFXn-ly-fpw tiJ-cnv ]Xnv
Xbm-dm-pI.
$ ""Rm tIc-f-n-semcp \mn]p-dv P\n-p-h-f-XmWv Fs Ihn-X-bpsS
Ghpw henb `mKy-sap tXmp-p. Av Cfw{]mb-n, Rm I
\mn]pdw \mtXmdpw \nd--fpsSbpw \mZ--fp-sSbpw K--fp-sSbpw \hw\-h--fmb Ap-X- DZvLm-S\w sNp-, A-sb-tmse kvt\lw \nd
Hcp sImp temI-am-bn-cp-p. Cpw AXns a[p-c-kva-c-W-I-fmWv Fs Ihn-XbpsS Ghpw CuSp ssIap-X.''
(sshtem-nn {io[-c-ta-t\m)
sshtem-n-n-bpsS Fs {Kmaw, In-smbvv, Icn-bn-emw-]o-n-I XpS-nb
Ihn-X-I hmbnv Ihn-bpsS Cu kzbwhne-bn-cp--ens km[pX ]cn-tim-[npI.

7 0 tIcf ]mTm- h en

tZiw \apv Hma-I ISw Xcp-p. B ISw Fs\ hopw?

IS--\n cma-Ir-jvW

s\nXpaWpw

hgn-I
Fn\m-p-Ip-cppw hb-ep-I

]qsf \pn-bp-Wn
]pn-en-d-nb Ipi-ap-\-bq-cn--n-S-Ip-n-a-Wv

FwsXnb Hma-I hopw

IpnN-cn-hn amhnsIm-n

Ipip-p- \n-\-v, Ipdp-p- \-Sn-v,

Ipf-tm-gn-n-S-bm-S-bp-cn-p-]n-Sp

Dn-I-fmbn Dd-n-sb-Wo-s,
Xma-c-sam-p-I Xmtm-nw Imn

]Sn-m-tm-Sn-tm-h-Xp -t\mn \S-q -Rm

apn-ep-S-n-tm-dnb Ip-I

Iev]-S-hm-sI-bn-Sn-p-s]m-fn
IpfnIS-hn
X--h-f-I \maw-sNmn

aptt]mb hgn-m-ep-I-fntdn
]mgvap-f-s]m-m shpw

n--Sn-bnmepw \on-bn-cn-p-tcw
F-\n-d-smcp In-hp-ambn

tNdm-Sn-s-dp-a-Wn-I s]-dpn
Dnse Hme-p--q-m-emSpw

tXmp-ap-Spp Ipfn-m-s\-nb
]pe-cnsb t\mn-psm-Sn-t\mn

Ipcp-hn-q-n sImp-]n-fn
]qS-hn-cp-n-bn-cnpw Infn-bpsS

ae- b mfw 7 1

hmbn hmbv-cn-bn-p-sIm-Spp
\S-q-Rm.

Hmtlm! Hma-I aqp-\-cp

apXp-In Iq\mbv!

Hmemmen-n-fn-bpsS hmen
H]Xp ioe-sm-Sn-I-fp-sIn

In-b-dpp Ie--]n-Snp

Hme-p-S-bpsS Iogn Nph-Sp-N-hnn

shw sNn _l-fw-Iqn \S--mew
Hmm--Y-bpsS ioep-I-fm-bXv Hmp-Ip\np
\Sq Rm.
Imhn t\mbvn\p I-nIsc
Imte ssIX-s-Sn-bpsS ad-hn-en-dn
sXnqpe-bne tImn-b-dpp \ndp \nh-h
In Ic-Sp-Ip-cp-n-b-Xnp Xncpo
Xe-ap-Sn-a-W-sa aqn-s\-dn-p-ap-dnp
s\--m-d-o, apdn-hn\p ]ne
BSp-I-Sn--Xn-e-p-X-antm!
If-`w-sXmp Icn-p-\n-th-Zn
-e-ap---n-fn, bmtcm
A]-cm-[- ]d-p-\-S-Xv
am\-t-Smbv \mW-t-Smbv

Icn-m-S--fn-se-cp-Xnhm-en
Xqn-\-Spw hmbm-Sn-I-fpsS
sImp-Ip-cp-p-I
Bn-en-aq-n aw Npm-nse
\ocn aq{X-sam-gnp hnfp-sa-enp
hni-n s\-m-p-sXm-gnp
Idp-p-h-fphcp--Xp-Ip
\S-q-Rm.
\mSn\--Ip-Sn-p-a-cn Ipf-n
`K-h-Xn-am{Xw ]mXn-c-t\mn \ocm-mSn
]mb-ep-aq-Sn, ]mgvs-Sn-aqSn
]me-sm-n \ng-ep-I am{Xw
hoWp-hn-d-p-]-cppw ImgvN-I Ip
\Sq Rm.
(IS-\n--bpsS Ihn-X-I)

$ tZispdnv Ihnv a[p-c-kva-c-W-I am{X-amtWm DXv? Ihn-Xm-`mKw

hmbnv Bibw NsNq.
$ Hma-bn-eqsS Bhn-jvI-cnp-Xp-sImv Cu Ihn-Xbvp ssIh-cp ta-I
Fsm-s-bmWv?
$ "s\nXp aWpw hgn-I' Fv kzw tZis K-n-eqsS Ihn
Bhn-jvI-cn-n-cn-p-Xp t\mq. an-{n-bm-\p-`-h--fn-eq-sSbpw tZis AhX-cn-n-n-cn-p-Xp Is-p-I.
$ \mpsamgn-I-fpsS Nqcpw Xmf-ns NSp-e-Xbpw IS--\n---hn-X-I-fpsS IcpmWv Imhy-`m-Kv CXv {]I-S-am-Ip k`- Isn s]mXp-hmbn
Ah-X-cn-nq.

7 2 tIcf ]mTm- h en

k-dnb

Fs BZy-Ime IY-I-sfm-s-s Dcpfn-Ip-s ag-bp-sSbpw shbn-en-sbpw

tXmSp-I-fp-sSbpw ImSp-I-fp-sSbpw Ccp-nsbpw \mep-aW
- n-kab-n-sbpw \nem-shfn--n-s-bpw, IY-bpsS ad-hn-en-cp-p
Bcm-[\
- I
- am{X-am-bn-cp-p. Cpw Rm\p]- t bm- K n- p Hmtcm hmn- s bpw
]nnse amsm-en-p-thn Rm Dcp-fnIp--t-mWv sNhn-tbmp--Xv. Rm
thsdm-p-a; Dcp-fn-Ip-s In-sbpw
an-sbpw Imn-sbpw apn-sbpw taLn- s bpw sh- n- s bpw Hcp
]mtizm]w am{X-amWv. Fs Dcp-fnIpwImc-\m-n-bX
- n\v Rm ssZh-n\pw
Fs A\pw Abvpw \n ]d-bp-p.
Fs \msSp ]d-m {][m-\a
- mbn Hcp
sImp-ew am{X-ta-bp-q-sh-n-epw, AXn-

\p-Nppw \nc-h[n A\y-\m-Sp-Ifpw tImWpIfpw aqe-Ifpw tXmSp-Ifpw CS-h-gn-Ifpw

Rm kz-amn amn-bn-p-.v tI{m\w
BZyw ]d-bmw. AXv tImbw Xmeq-n
AI-e
- pw ]Ip-Xn-bn Fen-pfw ]mb-n Dcp-fn-Ipw Ic-bm-Wv (Cv Cu
dh\yq hnh-c-W-samw amdn-tm-bn-cn--Ww).
ammha-sb-tm-se, ]t, sNcnn-m Fs cv Imep-I sImp-am{Xw, Fs P-km-{am-Py-n-tev Iqntn-p {]tZ-i- GI-tZiw Xmsg-d-bp--h-bm-Wv:
]Sn-mdv: Cn-tm, sN-fw, \mbnmhv, tImbw \K-cw.
hS-p-]-Sn-mdv: Dcp-fn-Ipw A-ehpw
Ipfhpw; Rp-]md ]nbpw Atm-p
hgn-bpw.
hSv: ]me, shn-tb--n, ao\-n-em,
]{mw ssa, IS-mq, Ipm-\n, Nmamem ]n, hnf- pw- a - c p- X v , ]qh- c - W n,
ss]I, hnf-p-am-Sw, ]Xn-aq-p-ap-dn, Ggmw
ssa, Ram- Ipv.
Ingv : Ipcp- h n- q- S v , a- pgn Fnh
tNv Fen-p-fw, aSp--pv ]mew,
AXn\p Iotg-sbm-gp-Ip tXmSv.
sXv: Iqcm-en, Cfpfw A-e--h-e,
s\m-p-t-cn, s]mIp-w, Imn-c--n.
Ch IqSm-sX, tIp-tIhn-bn-eqsS am{Xw
Rm shn-n-Sn e--fp-ap-m-bn-cp-p.
]mtm-en, B\n-m-Sv, Imf-sI-n, an-I-tcn, X-e-m-Sv, sImp-sIm-m-cw, henb
sImmcw XpS-nb t]cp-I tIs-s, Ahbv p ]nd- I n- s em- f n- n- c n- p
ae- b mfw 7 3

ImW-em-bn-cpp Ifn-p-tmgpw Dd-ptm-gp-sam-gnsI Fm-bvtm-gpw. ]d-nse

Iqkv In-t Ipn-bn-cn--p-tm-gpw,
]\n hv InS-p-tm-gpw, tXmnse shn apn-n-S-p-tmgpw {]mYn-m
XqWn Nmcn-bn-cn-p-tm-gpw, sImc-n-e-I-ta-en-cpv tNmdp-p-tm-gpw, Nm-bpsSbpw t]c-bp-sSbpw apI-fn Imepw Xqnbnv Ccn-p-tmgpw Fmw Znhm-kz-]v\-ambn-cpp Fs {][m\ tPmen.

almZv`p-X--fq-lnv Rm tImcn--cn-ncpp.
Chn-sS-sbmw Fs Pohn-X-ns XppIfpw Xcn-Ifpw Xfnp-Ifpw thcp-Ifpw NnXdn-n-S-p-v. Cu e-\m-a--nI Fgp-Xptm F\n-p-m-Ip-Xv Icn-ntXm-n Ib-dnb hni-p B\-bpsS NmcnXm--Yy-am-Wv. Fs \mp-Imcpw Ahn-tSv
sNdp--s\tbm s]n-s\tbm sImSp
hcpw HgnsI amcpw Cu \ma-P]
-
- n \nv
bmsXmpw {Kln-m t]mIp-n-s-nepw,
\s-sbmw hm-ey-]qhw Imp-]-cn-]men-p kqcy\p Iogn Ahbpw Dv Fv
Atbm A\y-\m-p-Im-cmb alm-P-\--tf,
\n-sfms Adn-bp-I.
]mtm-en-bnepw sImp-sIm-m-c
- nepw apw
Ihmp \S-pp Fs-\n-p-d-p-m-bncp Am-X-c-l-ky-sf Hmv Rm
F{Xtbm aWn- q- d p- I R- f psS
tXmnse ]md--p-I-fn Ipn-bn-cp-n-pv. Xncn-p-t\m-p-tm F\n-smv
a\-n-em-Ip-p. Dcp-fn-Ip-s Fs Ipnm-es {][m\ {]hrn Znhm-kz]v\w
7 4 tIcf ]mTm- h en

]In-\m-hn\v ]nb e-am-bn-cpp Dcpfn-Ip-w. AhnsS t\cnv shbn-e-Snv Xnfp CS- Npcp--am-Wv. hop-ap--fpw
tdmUp-Ifpw ]md-s-p-I-fp-sam-gn-m, Dcpfn-Ipw apgp-h ac-f
- psS XW-en Ccppw
\ngepw ]qpInS-p Hcp {]tZ-i-am-Wv.
d_tm---fnse Ccp-fns {]tXy-I-X,
Ccp-fn-t\m-sSmw kqcy\pw Hcp he tXmn- \ p- n hoin- b n- c npw F- X m- W v .
]ns Iyq-Wnv ]-bp-sSbpw s]cn-e-n-sbpw CS-Xq s]m-I-fp-m-bncp-p. ]ip-, ]n-I, BSp-I XpSnb R-fpsS kl-Po-hn-I Ah-bvpn- e qsS \S- p- m- nb Kpl- I fpsS
AIp Ib-dp-tm Fm {]IrXn\nb-a-sfbpw ewLnv hnP-bn--Xp-t]msebp
Hcp alm-kpJw Rm A\p-`-hn-n-cp-p.
Iyq-Wnv ]-bpsS XWp-n Rm hnPb-{io-em-fn-X-\mbn Hfn-n-cn-s, Fs
lrZbw X-e-m-Sn\pw sN-e-a--n\pw
]dp t]mIpw.
]mem- - s ]mIpw tdmUn- e mWv aSp- pv ]mew. AhnsS Hcp ]gb tKn-eqsS
]Sn-m-tdv t]mIp Hcp a]m-X-bpv. CXmWv Fs Cpw `cn-p temIns \Sp-a-[y-n-te-p hmXn. kdnb F a\p- j y- { ]m- W n- b psS lrZ- b sbpw Xe-tm-dn-s\bpw AS-bvp-Ibpw
Xpd-p-Ibpw sNp \nc-h[n Xmtm-epI Cu temI-nse anepw ]mgn-e-I-fnep-amWv ]qgvpInS-p--Xv.

a]mX \bn-p-Xv Hcp henb d_

tXm-n-te-mWv. `c-W-m-\-n-\-Spv
CS-a-v Ipcp-hn-\m-p-t (tIm`m-Kv) F [\n-I-IjI{]amWn IpSpw-_amWv tXm-ns DS-a-. (Ahn-Ss
aqmw Xe-apd Irjn \ne-\nn-smp
Xs B[p-\nI hyh-km-b--fn-tev ISp-t]m-bn.) Chn-sS-sbs temIw XpS-pp. ]mX hfpw ]pfpw Nne-tm
]pn ImWm-Xmbpw Ib-- Ib-dnbpw
Hcp Intem-ao--tdmfw t]mIp-tm, AXv
cmbn ]ncn-bp-p. ]no-S-Xn\v ]mX-bpsS
cq]-an; ac-n-Sb
- n-eqsS thcp-Ifpw IpIfpw ImWnpXcp hgn- am-{Xw. Ch-bnsem-n-eqsS Ac-n-tem-ao--tdmfw t]mIptm hgn Ipn-d-n-p-S-p-p. Cd-ns Ah-km\w AXv Hcp Im-e-bvp-dv ]md--p-I-fn-eq-sS-sbm-gp-Ip Hcp
tXmn-se-p-p. tXmSv ISv Ap-ds
Im-e-bnse Ipp-I-p-I Ib-dn-s-pXv ]me-n- ]pc-bn-S-n-te-m-Wv.
]ns ]pc-bn-S-n-eq-sS-bp Ib--am-bn.
AXns Av ]e \S-Ipw Ipp-Ip-Ipw tijw, Rm P\nphf
apm-p-Np--bn hoSv Dm-bn-cp-p. Hmeta-v, an\p-k-ap CjvSn-I-bn Xn-bpw
NmWIw sagp-Inb apdn-I-fp-ap Hcp kuayamb hoSv. AhnsS Fs A Fw.F-kv.
t]m F Ip-\pw A t{Xkym-pnbpw tN Fw.]n. tPmk^v F tPmbn\pw aq s] Fw.]n. tacn F
enn-b-bpw Dm-bn-cp-p. ]me-n-
]pc-bn-S-n sXpw d_-dp-am-bn-cpp
{][m\ Irjn- I . IqSm- s X, Cnbpw
Ibpw Ipcp- a p- f Ipw afpw mhpw
IapIpw Imnepw Ingpw tN\bpw hmgbpw
t]cbpw Nmbpw Imnbpw ]pfnbpw amhpw
I-fhpw ]ip-fpw ]nbpw ]q-Ifpw ]nIfpw tImgn-Ifpw Dm-bn-cp-p. B temIn\nv C- h - t i- j n- p- Xv Fs
s]fpw Rm\pw am{Xw; aSp--pv tXm-

nepw ]me-n- ]pc-bn-S-nepw F\np-t]mepw ]nSn-X-cmsX Hfn-p-In-S-p

Fs Dp-I-n-I am{Xw. "Fs A'
F Fs IY-bpsS Ah-km\w IY ]dbp--bm "FmWv Ah-ti-jn-p--Xv,
Am?' Fp tNmZn- p- t m Fmw
ssIhn-p-t]mb Hcp ]p{Xs k-S-amWv
Abm ]cn-tZ-h-\w-sN-p--Xv.
{][m-\-ambpw R-fpsS \mn aqp-Xcw
Bfp-I-fmWv Asms Dm-bn-cp--Xv.
(1) \S-p--h (2) ]Wn sNp--h (3)
Ipfn-p--h. shdp-sX-bn-cnp-hcmbn
In-p-Xv IS-bp-Sa
-
sc am{X-am-bn-cpp;
]ns, CsXmw t\mnbpw Ipw Fstmse ac--fp-sSbpw Ip-I-fp-sSbpw apIfn shdp-sX-bn-cp _men-Im-_m-e-m-cpw.
Fs-tbma-bn, Dcp-fn-Ip-s IqSp-X
a\p- j ycpw Ftmgpw Ftm- s - nepw
\Sps]mbvsm-n-cp--h-cmWv; ]n-bnte-v, IS-bn-te-v, A-e-n-te-v, ]membv v , ss]I- b v v , Bip- ] - { Xn- b n- t e- v ,
tdj hmm, Ip-jm-n-te-v, _pho-n-te-v, ]n-q-S
- n-tev Fn-s
- \.
\Sps]mbv- s m- n- c n- m- - h - c psS
_mn-bn \]pw ]Wn-sb-Sp-p-sImn-cn-p--h-cm-bn-cpp; sXn\v XS-sa-Sp-

ae- b mfw 7 5

p--h, d_ shp--h, Imn-pcp ]dnp- - h , ]\- t bme shp- - h , Ip

sNp--h, N-bn-Sp--h, then sIp-h, ]ip-hns\ amn-s-p--h, ]nsb
sImp--h Fn--s\. _mn-bp Dcpfn-Ipw \nhm-kn-I apgp-h Ipfn-p-Xn hym]r-X-cm-bn-cp-p. icm-icn Dcp-fnIpw \nhmkn Fhn-sS-sbt\zjn-m,
Ipfn-m t]mb-XmWv F D-c-am-bncpp Inp-I. R-fpsS tXmSp-Ifpw s]mbvIIfpw Ipf-fpw InW-p-I-c-Ifpw cmhnse
apX ky Ccp- f p- - X p- h sc kv \ m\n apgp-In-bn-cn-p--h-sc-smv \n_nU-am-bn-cp-p. hcn--am- Ipp-Ipn
F B-kp-lr-p-ambn Rm, ]m-gv F In-Sp-n Znh-khpw \S-nbn-cp km[m-cW Ipfn-bpsS \ofw cp-apX aqp-hsc aWn-q-dp-I-fm-bn-cp-p. Ccph-cp-sSbpw A-am Atm-sfm-Sn-s-Sp
NqSp ]mWh-Sn-bp-ambn {]Xy--s-Sptm am{Xta R kv\m\-cw-K-p\nv \njv{I-an-p-q AXn-thKw.

AsX, Dcp-fn-Ipw Hcp Xc-t-Sn-m

e-am-bn-cp-p. FmWv Dcp-fn-Ip-w,
kp-jvShpw kzm`m-hn-Ih
- p-amb Hcp _meyw
IqSm- s X, F\nv XXv ? Dcp- f n- I pw
F\nv hnh-cn-m-\m-hm hn[-ap HcSpw {]Ir-Xn-tbmSv Xp. Hmtcm Ce-bpsSbpw taL-n-sbpw In-sbpw Nne-nbp-sSbpw Fdp-n-sbpw ag-p-n-bp-sSbpw
ap-am-- F\nv ]cn-io-en-npXp.
Dcp-fn-Ip-s Ippw tXmSpw ]dpw
Nbpw Ibpw I- f - bpw F\nv
BtcmKyw Xp.
Dcp-fn-Ip-s a\p-jy Fs Nncn-m\pw
ktm-jn--m\pw ]Tn-n-p. BS-bm-`-c-W-fn-m Hcp `mj F\np Xp. B `mjbpsS ]nn Hcp Pohn-X-em-fn-Xy-ap-m-bncp-p. ]noSv Rm Fs Pohn-Xs
koW-amn he-p-sh-n-epw, B emfnXy-ns Hcp kz-amb Awiw Fn
\ne-\n-X
- p-sIm-mWv Rm Cpw ]qWambpw _pn-{`wiw hcmsX Pohn-p--Xv.
Fnse _pn-Pohn Zpxkz-]v\- ImWptm Fnse apn F\nv thsd
Hm- cw Dd- p- I Xcp- p. PohnXmywhsc Ftm-sSmw \ne-\np-h-bmb Irjn-m-cs s]mcp-fp-I [mcm-fambn \In Dcp-fn-Ip-s av Fs
A\p-{K-ln-p.
Cpw, Dcp-fn-Ip-
- p-Iq-Sn-tbm Fen-p-f
- pIq-Sntbm Rm IS-p-t]m-bm Fs Xncn- d n- b p- - h "Fgp- p- I m- c k- d nb
t]mIpp' Fv ]d-bn-, ]me-p-se
Idnbm t]mIp-p. ]pn Cw FhnsSbm!' Ft ]d-bq. Cu kuay-amb Xncn-dn-b-emWv Fs-tm-se-bp Hcp [q]p-{Xs Ghpw henb B-_ew.

7 6 tIcf ]mTm- h en

$ ""Cpw Rm\p-]-tbm-Kn-p Hmtcm hmn-sbpw ]nnse amsm-en-p-thn

Rm Dcp-fn-Ip--t-mWv sNhn-tbmp--Xv. Rm thsdm-p-a; Dcp-fn-Ips In-sbpw an-sbpw Imn-sbpw apn-sbpw taL-n-sbpw shn-sbpw Hcp ]mtizm-]w am{X-amWv.''
(k-dn-b)
$ ""]p-bqpfw hnZq-c-amWv. AXv aqI-am-Wv. Fs B {]tZiw adpIgnp.''
(am[-hn-p-n)
$ ""Hmp-tm \mSn-s\-p-dn-p A\p-`-h- Fs sNdnb hmb-\-bp-sSbpw
sNdnb At\z-j-W--fp-sSbpw temI-ambn Npcp-p-p. sIms hon Fs
sNdnb hmb-\-ap-dn-bn Ccn-p-tm Cu apdnbpw sNdnb ]pkvX-I-ti-J-c-hpamWv Fs \mSv Fs-\nv tXmp-p. hmb-\bvv ]pdv asmcp temI-apv. Fm IpSpw-_-ns {][m\ Xmbvhgn Fp ]d-bp--Xp-t]mse \mSns\-p-dn-p A\p-`-h-ns {][m\ Xmbvhgn F\nv hmb-\-bpsS A\p-`-ham-Wv. AXn-\m Hcphgnv \mSv F\nv \mSn-mbva Xs-bmWv.''
(sI.]n. A)
\mSn-s\-p-dn-p Cu \nco--W- hmbn-tm. kzw \mSn-s\-p-dn-p \nfpsS ImgvN-mSv FmWv?
$ ""Dcp-fn-Ip-s a\p-jy Fs Nncn-m\pw ktm-jn-n-m\pw ]Tn-n-p.
BS-bm-`-c-W--fn-m Hcp `mj F\np Xp. B `mj-bpsS ]nn Hcp
Pohn-X-emfn-Xy-ap-m-bn-cpp''. Cu {]kvXm-h-\-bpsS km[qI-c-W-amtWm ]mT`mKw? ]cn-tim-[n-p-I.
$ hcbpw Fgppw Bhn-jvIm-c-ns hyXykvX cq]--fm-W-tm. \q-Xn-cnbpsS hcbpw k-dn-b-bpsS teJ-\hpw Xmc-XaywsNp-I.
$ Cu bqWn-nse cN-\-I-fn Fgp-p-Im-cs tZiw F-s\-sbmw {]Xy-s-Spp?

`mj

`q{]-IrXn

kmwkvIm-cnIap{Z-I

apX-emb kqN-\-I ]cn-K-Wnv Cu hnj-b-s-p-dnv Hcp D]-\ymkw Xbm-dmpI.

ae- b mfw 7 7

A
AIm-bn
An-ekv

AP-]u-{X

AS
ASp-q
A-a-ew
AXyw
AY
A-cn-bn
A[aw
A\L
A\-L-m\w
A`mhw
Aw
A\n-b-{nXZo]vXnbmw
At]m--cn-pI
A_-
Aacw

Abn
Ac-b{]uV
Aecn
A
Ah-\-Xmky

Ah\n
Ahn-thIw
Akvam-Zn-I

hon-\-Iv (Krl-\m-bnI, AIm-bn-ep--h)

Hcp {Kov IYm-]m-{Xw. `qan-bn sXmp-\nptmtg At-l-n\v in-bpq.
AP-a-lm-cm-Pm-hns ]u{X (cma),
]u{X ]p{Xs ]p{X
Hcp Xmfw
Poh-\mwiw, s]j
{_mw
Ghpw, hfsctbsd (AXn+Aw)
]noSv, A\-cw
B Zcn-bn, Zcn= Kpl, aS (A+Zcn-bn)
Xmgv, \oN-amb
]cn-ip, AL-an-m (ALw = ]m]w)
\naem\w, t{ijvT-m\w
B-c-`mhw
Ac-bw, Blmcw
A\n-b-{n-X-amb Zo]vXn-bm-Ip (Zo]vXn tXPv)
hmIys Agnv LS-I--fm-pI
A_--ns]--h, _-an-mh, _pn-iq-\y
Aa-c-tImiw (kwkvIrX ]Z]T-\-n-\p B[mc
{Kw)
Atbm (kwt_m-[\)
Ac-bt{ijvT
Acfn
ZpxJw
Ah-\-X-amb BkytmSp-Iq-Snb-h (Ip\n apJtmSp IqSn-b-h), Bkyw apJw
`qan
hnth-I-an-mbva
\psS Iq

AXnYnsb k-cn-p--h
X\n-kz-cq-]
B+ D-Xn, Bm-hns Db
BZn-bnep m\w, [maw= Ccn-n-Sw, Krlw
Ipeo-\-X, Xd-hmpalna

B
BXn-tY-b
Bm-\p-cq-]
Btm-Xn
BZn-[maw
B`n-PmXyw
7 8 tIcf ]mTm- h en

Bcmaw
Bjw
BhPIw
Blcn
B{ibw
Bfn

]qtmw
Ejnsb kw_-n-p
BIjIw
Hcp cmKw
Xmv, c, ic-Ww, hn{i-a-m-\w
tXmgn

Ctm
Icnw-Iq-hfw, \oe-m-ac
hcm, Xn, ]pdw-Xn

Ie--v

{]Im-i-ap im-Krlw
Hn-t\mSpw Xmev]cyw Cmbva
shfn-sp Ign-npw
tNp-h-bvpI
Idn (Iqm)
cmwm\w
hoSns aph-iw
tZth-{, D-cpsS tIm (tZh-m-cpsS cmPmhv)
Dcp-c, Dcepw apw hn-p {]tXy-I- ew
(Dc+]pc > Dcpc)

Ip-Imen

Hns ebn-n-cn-p Ah
C{]-Imcw
hb

C
CZm\ow
Co-hcw
Cdbw

Cu
Cub-tmev

D
Dze a-`qhv
DZm-ko\w
DZn-npw
DZv{K-Yn-pI
D]-Zwiw
D]-m\w
Ddw
DtIm
Dc-pc

F
FcpXv

G
GI-Xm-\X
Ghw
Ge

H
H-t\nw

Hcp Icnv Ins\ thWw

Hs-bp-vXm\pw ({Kmay-ssien)
Hcp \pI-n sIm th Imf-Isf thWw
Icn \pIw, Ie

Hm
HmZ-\-kym]n
Hme-hm-cpI

HmZ-\ky+A]n, tNmdn-\p-IqSn
Fgp-tme Hcp-pI

kzw ]p{X (Huckw Dc-n \np P\n-p)

kv{XoIv Inco-S-am-bn-phtf,
kv{XoI-fn D-a-bm-bn-p--htf (auen IncoSw,
incv)

Hu
Huc-k-]p-{X

Aw
AwK-\-am aute

ae- b mfw 7 9

AMvKmcw

Xosm-n, Xo-\

Id
In
I-eS-
- pI
IXn-\-Im-kv{Xm-hr-X

I\-I-[q-kcw

Iw
IWymIfn

Ime
Iev]-I-{Zpaw

Iepjw
Ihmp \S-pI
Ifnw
If`w

Imcn

am
nXn
bn-pp
ImXw
ImXc
ImX-c-\-b\
Iman\naute

Im\
Inpta
Ipp-Sm
Ipiw
Ipkpaw
Ipdnn
Iplcw
Iq]w

Dt]-n-t aen-\-h-kvXp-
sshtm
hni--S-pI
IXn+I\I+Akv{X+Bhr-X, IXn-cm I\-I-hkv{X--fm Bhr-X
kzW-i-c- t]mse-bp Inc-W--fm Bhr-Xamb ico-c-ap--h
I\-I-ns Imn-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snb, kzWw-t]mse
at\m-l-c-amb
hb
]me-m-S {]tZ-iv \ne-\n-evp Hcp \mS
Iem-cp]w
]pc-bn-Sn\p Npp-ap aNph
I]-I-hr-w, kzK-nse hrw (B{K-ln-pXv \Ip hrw)
Ie-n-bXv
Atm-p-an-tmpw \S-pI
hnt\mZw
Nmv, N-\-qv
AIn, N-\w, amn XpSn Fv hkvXp
tN Ipdn-qv
Idp \nd-ap (t]mv)
hf-sc, \s (`mjm-t`Zw)
`qan
`qan
\in-pp
Zqcw Af-p--Xn-\p Hcp tXmXv \mep-\m-gn-I
Cf-Ip
Cf-Ip angn-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h-, kpcn
kv{XoI-fn t{ijvT-bm-bn-p--htf (Iman-\n-Iv
auen-bm-bn-p--h)
NqSv, shfn-w, kqcy-civan
Inpw, InpIXs sNpw
IppSw, tImgn
Z`
]pjv]w
ImSpw ae-Ifpw tN ew
Zzmcw (Kpl)
InW, Ipgn

8 0 tIcf ]mTm- h en

IrX-{i-

tIhn
sImv
sImnWn
sImc-n--eI
tImbva
IuXpIw
{I\w

{im-ep- (IrX-amb {i-tbmSp IqSn-b-h

{i-bn--h)
sImp-hn
Hcp ew, sImp-\mSv, -tIm-b--q
sImWtZ-i-m-c
Ccn-m-\p ]eI
A[n-Imcw
ktm-jw, XmXv]cyw
Ic-n

IWmSIkwKo-X-nse Hcp cmKw

KK-\-Nmcn
KP-hn-{I-a-m
K-ew
Kmp-Imc
Kmp\S-pI
Kmohw

Kncn-\nQ-c-im-n-Km\w

KpW-an-fnXw
Kpcp
Krl-n{Zw
{Km]\w

BImikmcn
B\-sb-tmse ]cm-{I-a-im-en-I
IhnSw
Imh-evm-c
Pm{K-X-tbmsS Npn \S-pI
Jm-h-h\w Zln-n--tm An APp-\\v
\Inb hnv
ae-b-cp-hn-I-fpsS imn-KoXw
\nQcn Dd-h, Acphn
KpWw tNXv
hepXv ( eLp)
honse Ipg-w, hophgv
c-Ww, ad-hv, Hfn-

J
J-c-lc{]nb

N
NXphn[w
N{n-Im-`-kn-X-kv\m-X
Ncn-pI
Ne-Zfn

mXn
NmXpcn
Nn{X-hn-cnv
Nntmfw
NoXw
NpmSv

sNo--Xnamcn

sN
sNS

\mep-Xcw
shn-em-hm-Ip `kva-n Ipfn--h
Nmbvp-I, Nen-pI
Cf-Ip hv, NeXv Cf-Ip
(NeXv + Afn)
_p
kmaYyw, anSpv
htWmze-amb hncnv
sNdnb Hmfw
ioXw F ]Z-ns Xhw (XWp-v)
`mcw Npa-p--h Xe -th-Z-\n-m-Xn-cn-m-\mbn
sIn-bp-mn hbvp-Xv, sXcnI.
sNw+Xo+IXn+amcn Nph Xot]m-ep Inc-W sIm-p ag
sN \nd-ap (t]mv)
BZn-Xm-f-n\v kam-\-amb Hcp Xmfw
ae- b mfw 8 1

sNp-In-Smcw
sNdp-Xm-bn sNdpw

tNdmSn

Hcp-Xcw sNp-]m{Xw
Iuamcw ]nn-npw _me-Nm-]-ey-v Ipdhp hcpn Fv kqN\
Hcn\w \mS s\hnv

temtI-iz-c (cmPm-hv)
DW-bp-, Pm{K-X-bp-, {i-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snb
Pfs `mhw, ]cn-l-kn--s--h-cpsS `mhw
An]hXw

{]hmlw
Qw F i_vZw, hns i_vZw

Dp-s]m--bm-b-h, kzbw ]pI-gvp--h

XSn-\o-Pe_nw_n-XmwKn
XZzn-[m-Xm-

Xp
Xo
Xapv
Xcp-Kp-eva-k-bw

Xh
XmS

Xvemb
XnjvT
XpW-Iqn
Xpcpv
Xpdpp Nov

tX
tX hn]v
sXmbncw
tXmp-mdv

\Zo-P-e-n _nw_n cq]-tmSp IqSn-bh

XZv + hn[m-Xm-, hn[m-Xm- {kjvSm-,
AXns {kjvSm-
\qev, \mcv
hgn-bm-{X-mv Zml-Pew \Ip ew
Hcp hmtZym-]-I-cWw
hr--fp-sSbpw sNSn-I-fp-sSbpw Iqw, Xcp--hr-w,
Kpevaw - sNSn (-samv Fpw AY-ap-v)
A-bp-sS, \ns
Imf-I-fpsSbpw apw Igp-n\p Xmsg Xqn-n-S-p
{Kn
shw tXhp D]-I-cWw
Ccph (\n-h)
XpWbvv IqsS-qn
sh-m Np-s {]tZiw
Pbn-n-p hkvXp, {][m-\-Imcyw,
Nonse {][m\ C\w
At-bvv, \n\v
A-bpsS B]v
sskzcw
tXmpwhn[w

P
PK-Xv]Xn
PmKcqIw
Pmfyw
Pzmem-apJn

Q
QcnI
QwImcw

U
UnnaIev]-m

Z
Zn\-km-{am-Py-]Xn

ZpxJ`m-p-I
Zp`-KXzw
{Zpaw

8 2 tIcf ]mTm- h en

Zn\-am-Ip km{am-Py-ns ]Xn-bm-b-h, kqcy

Zn\w = ]I, Znhkw
ZpxJs `Pn-p--h, ZpxJw A\p-`-hn-p--h
`mKy-an-mbva
hrw

tZymhn
ZznPm-hn

BIm-i-n (D]-cn-tem-I-v)
Hcp cmKw

`qan
`qan
an-\-Sn-bnse [mXp-cq-]-
`mcw, \pIw

[
[c
[cWn
[mXp-cmin
[pcw

\
\Xn
\cnv
\fn\w
\fn-\-P-mhv
\fn-\-P--h-Nkm
\fn-\-an-gn-am
y ({]mtZ-inIw)
\mkw
\mkm-Ip-lcw
\mkm-Ip-l-c-k-c-ss-cn`w
\nbXw
\nbvn
\nc-t]w
\nco-pI
\ne-\
\njvI-Iw
\njv{I-an-pI
\njvT
\n-tlw
\ndv
s\n--eI

\a-kvImcw, kvXpXn
timjn-, Zp_-e-amb, Infnv
Xmac
{_mhv (hnjvWp-hns \m`o-\-fn-\-n P\n--h)
{_m-hns hmn-\m
kp-cn-am
FpXs-b
\mkn-I, aqv
\mkm-Zzmcw
\mkm-Ip-l-c-am-Ip kc-nse Imp-t]mv
\nXyw
F\nv "' (F\nv \s ]nSn-p)
Hn-s\bpw B{i-bn-msX
\nco-n-p-I, hnNm-cn-pI
Zi-]p-jv]--fn Hv
i{XphnmXv
]pd-p-t]m-Ip-I, shfn-bn hcnI
nXn-, Xo{h-\n--bw, {hXm-\p-jvTm\w
ktlw IqSm-sX-, kwiban-msX
`wKn-bn
InW-dnse Pew kZm \na-e-am-bn-cn-m\mbn InWns ASn-`m-K-n-Sp s\n-a-c-ns ]eI
s\bvX
ISocw
s\n-eI ImWpI(ssien) ASnv ImWpI, At-b-w-hsc
t\mbv]v
t\mbvv

]
]-]mXw
]p-In-S-pI
]Xn-{hX

]Xn-Sn
]tZ
]c-KXn
]cn-tZ-h\w

`mKw tNc, Hcp-]--tp amd

hoWp-In-S-pI, acn-p-In-S-pI
`r-]-cn-N-cWw {hX-am-n-b-h, `m-hn
\njvT-bmh
D-Xn-cnv \ng ]Sn \of-am-Ip kabw
m\v
tamw
Ic-n, hnem-]w, Icp ]d-b
ae- b mfw 8 3

]cn-]-Iz-k-Xz
]gnpw
]dpw h
]mW-tmev

]nXr-LmXn
]obpjw
]pcm
]p
]pw
]pd-fw
]pd-sSpw sNbvXp
]q-sv

t]ipI
ss]Zmlw
s]mcp-p-Im
t]m\new
{]Xn-]m-Z\w
{]Xn]Z-a]n
{]aZw ]q-h
{]amZw
{]tbm-m-
{]kp

]cn-]-Iz-amb A--c-W-tmSp IqSn-b-h

]gn-]-dbpw, A]hmZw ]dbpw
]d-bm\pw ]n
Imensb sXfn-m-\p tImev (]mW-ens tImev,
]mW Hcp kkyw)
]nXm-hns\ sIm--h
AarXv
]v
Hcp Xcw a \ndw (anb \ndw) D Ip-Imen
Ip-Imen
]pds Xfw
]pd-s-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp
Imf-bpsS DpNpa (Imf-bpsS Igp-n\p apI-fnep apg)
]d-bpI
hnipw Zmlhpw (ss]bpw Zmlhpw)
CS-\n-e-m
bp-th-Zn, ]S--fw
hnh-cWw
Hmtcm ImeSn-h-bv]n t]mepw ({]Xn-]Zw+A]n)
Xo{h-amb Bm-Z-ap--h
sXv
{]tbm-K-n hcp-p--h, \S-m-p--h
A-

_en-\Im-\p hyn
_-\-n-em-t
Ipamco (_me F i_vZ-ns kwt_m-[-\m-cq-]w)
bphmhv
Xma-c-\q

`P-am-ss\-I-hn-`mhw
`h-Z--i
`h-Zw-{Ln-eo\
`{Xn
`pP-imJ
`ph-\-{]-ikvX
`qcn{i-hmhv
t`mPy-ckw
t`mP-hr-jvWy-I hoc-m

t`mjvv

`Pn-p-hp am{Xw Adn-bm Ign-bp- m\w

A-bpsS aSn--m-Ip sa
AbpsS ]mZ-n ebn--h
`cn-p--h
ssIbm-Ip ac-smv
temI-{]-kn-
tkma-Z-s ]p{X, Iuc-h-cpsS kvt\ln-X
`-W-ns kpJw
t`mP, hrjvWn, AI Fo hn`m-K-fns
hoc-m
hnUvVnw

_
_en-kXzw
_\w sNt
_mte
_mey-m-c
_nkn-\o-Xp

8 4 tIcf ]mTm- h en

a
aRvPp-\mZw
a\p-kvarXn
aw
an
aZ-ep-fnXw

aW-qkv
aaX
aa
acpw
aco-Nn-tI-i
acpXw
amym
anw shfp-pI
appn
apIWvTw

apcn--tcn
apjvI
apjvSn
aqIw
aqkv
aqt[hn
aqem-[mcw
arK-
arKm-
arZp-e-fnXw
ta\n
ta[mizw
ssae

at\m-l-c-amb \mZw
a\p-hns \nb-a-kw-lnX
]Xp-s, sas
`qan-bn
aZ-m CfInb (Za-b-n-bpsS \Sw hnem-k]qW-am-sWv kqN-\)
Hn\pw sImm B, hnh-c-tZmjn
FtXv F tXm, kvt\lw
Fs
ac-hnpw
shfp apSn-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h
hb{]-tZiw
sIm-cp-Xm--h, ZpjvS
t\cw shfp-pI
Zi-]p-jv]--fn Hv
D-n (ap-amb IWvT-tm-Sp-Iq-Sn, apw =
tamNnXw)
apcn--bn-e-sIm-p Dtcn (tXmc)
Khn-jvT, iey-m-c
Npcp-n-n-Sn ssI
i_vZn-m-Xv
aq ktlm-Z-c
tami-s kv{Xo
ASn-m\ ImcWw
amIq--
N{ (aSn-bn amIp-nsb hn-cn-p--h)
arZphpw efn-X-hp-amb
s]mw
bmKn\p IpXnc (ta[ = bmKw, Aizw = IpXnc)
shfppw Idppw IqSnb \ndw (D Imf)

bmKw sNp-I

Ima-tZ-h, cXn-bpsS `mhv

i_vZn-p hp-I \nd
cln-X-`m-hw, Cmbva
ZpxJw
tcmam--w

e-W-ap--h, Zptcym-[-\s ]p{Xn

b
bPn-pI

c
cXn-]Xn
cW{`-achymIpew
cmlnXyw
cpP
tcma-ljWw

e
eW

ae- b mfw 8 5

ekn-X-kvan-X

epo-\nb

tem`w

ekn-X-amb kvanX-tmSp IqSn-b-h, hnS ]pn-cntbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h

I\ym-a-dn-b-s-tm-ep ]cn-ip-sc hnhn[ hnti-j sImv \maw t]mse Bcm-[n-p {]mY-\
AXym-{K-lw, [\m-{Klw

h
hNkm
hn-t

ht\nw
hcpta
h-ho-h--`
hgn ]ngbvpw
hmmw hW-pS
hm]n
hmen-b-m-c
hnIn-c-t{iWn
hn[p-a-ew
hnb-Z-me-b-hm-Xn
hnth-I-[-\
hnj-
hnjmZZpcw
shn-smSn
shw sNn
thSv
thdm-a-Xp-s]m-gpXv
sshP-b-nI
hym]r-X
{hWw

hmn-\m, hm-\p-k-cnv
hn-m-h-fw, hn-I hmS-Ibvpw apw sImSp-p
ew
h-Xm\pw (kw`m-jW `mjm-cq]w)
hp-tNcpw, hcn-I-Xs sNpw ({]tbm-K-hn-tijw)
tKm]-kv{Xo-bpsS `mhv (IrjvW)
hgn-sX-n-tm-Ipw
hmm-Ip hW-pS
s]mbvIsNdp--m-c, _mey-m-c, `rXy
]n-qw
N{-aew
BIm-iamIp -`-h-\-ns hmXn
hnthIw [\-am-bn-p--h
hnjm-Zn-h, k-S-s--h, ZpxJn-X
hnjmZw \nd-bp
hnP-b-]-XmI
shw sXdn-nv
Bens Dupthcv
ths] k`-n
sImSn, ame
apgp-In-bh
-
apdnhv

apcn--bpsS Xfncv
XI kz]v\w
i_vZw
tNmc

Nqfw F ]Z-ns {]mtZ-inIcq]w (Nqfw hnfn-pI)

tXmgn-am-tc-m
k-cn-, Ifn-bmSn\S-
Fm-bvtmgpw
kqWw

i
in{Kp-]-h
inYnekz]v\w
siw
timWnXw

j
jqfw

k
kJn-am-cn-e-[nIw
k-cWw
kXw
ka{Kw
8 6 tIcf ]mTm- h en

kcv
kl-[anWn
klmkw
kmh-{XnIw
koa--]p-{X
kpkn-Xmw-_-c
kqw
sskcn`w
kuc`w
kzov

kw{I--\
lrZ-bw-K-aXzw
lrZ-bm-hPIw

s]mbvI, XSmIw
IqsS [aw A\p-jvTn-p--h, `mcy
Nncn-tbm-sS
Fm-bn-S-p-ap-Xv
aq-aI
-
shfp hkv{X-tmSp IqSn-bh
- (kpknX+Aw_-c)
thZ-hmIyw, kvXpXn
Imp-t]mv
kpKw
kyqv, ]-\--{X-ku-I-cy-ap- tlm-ense apdn-IfpsS k-bw (t{UmbnMv dqw, s_Uvdqw, In, ...
tNh)
C{
lrZ-bs kv]in-m-\p Ignhv
lrZb+BhPIw, BhPIw BIjIw
lrZ-bs BIjn-p-Xv

ae- b mfw 8 7

Xpv cmam-\p-P Fgp--

(16mw \qm-v)
B[p- \ nI aebmf`mj- b psS ]nXm- h v .
ae-p-dw-Pn--bn Xncq-cn-\-Spv Xp]dn P\-\w. tIc-f-n `n-{]-m-\ns apJy-{]-tbm-m-hm-bn-cpp. Ihn-XIfn DS-\ofw Xz-Nn-b
- p-sSbpw [a-t_m[-n-sbpw ssNX\yw \ndp\npp. Infn-mv {]m-\-ns D]-m-Xmhv. alm-`m-cXw Infn-m-v, A[ymflcmam-bWw
Infn-m-v, lcn-\m-a-Io-\w, Nnm-c-Xv\w,
Ccp-]-n-\mev hrw Fnh {][m-\-Ir-XnI.
Dmbnhmcnb (18mw \q-m-v)
B-Y
- m-Im-c
- m-cn {]ap-J. Xrq Pnbnse Ccn-m-e-p-S-bn AI-pv hmcnbv P\-\w. thZm-
- nepw sshZy-nepw
kwKo-X-nepw ss\]pWnbp-m-bn-cp-p.
Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dnse amm-fi-h almcm-Pm-hv, sImn-cm-Pmhv Fn-h-cpsS B{inX-\m-bn-cp-p. Ip\ym-cp-sSbpw cma-]pcp hmcn-bc
- p-sSbpw ka-Im-en-I\
- m-bn-cp-pshpw ]d-b-s-Sp-p. \f-N-cnXw B--YbpsS Imhv F \ne-bn {]i-kvXn.
kmln-Xy-KpWw sImpw kwKo-X-am-[p-cywsImpw D-X\
- n-eh
- mcw ]pep IrXnbm-Wv \f-Nc
- nXw B-Y
- . Kncn-Pm-Ie
- ymWw,
cma-]--iXn Fo IrXn-I Dm-bn-hm-cnb-cpsSXmsWv A`n-{]m-b-ap-v.
Ipam-c-\m-im (1873 1924)
B[p-\n-I I
- h
- n-{X-b
- n-sem-cm. Xncp-h\
-
- ]pcw Pn-bn Nnd-bnIo-gn-ep Imbn-c
{Kma-n P\n-p. {io\m-cm-bWKpcp-hns
{][m\ injy. Fkv.-F.-Un.-]n. tbmKw
sk{I--dn-bmbn {]hn-p. _mwq-cnepw
8 8 tIcf ]mTm- h en

a{Zm- k nepw I- - b nepw D]- c n- ] - T \w

\Sn. 1907 {]kn-o-I-cn 'hoW-]qhv'
ae- b m- f - I hn- X - b n Hcp ]pXp- b p- K - n\v
Bcw`w Ipdn-p. \fn-\n, eoe, {]tcm-Z\w,
Nnm-hn-jvS-bmb koX, Zpc-h-, Nfim-e`n-p-In, IcpW XpS-nb Jfi-Im-hy-fpw
\nc-h[n `mh-Ko-X-fpw _me-I-hn-X-Ifpw
cNnn- p- v. AtXhsc \ne- \ n
ImhycoXnp amw hcpn X\-Xmb Hcp
ssienv cq]w-sIm-Sp-p. ae-bmfIhn-Xbn Imev]-\nIhk--n\p XpSw Ipdnhcn {]ap-J.
Dq Fkv. ]c-ta-iz-c- (1877 1949)
B[p-\nI Ihn-{X-b
- n-sem-cm. N-\m-tcn-bn P\\w. Ae-m-c-]qWhpw ]fintXm-Nn-Xh
- p-amb Hcp Imhy-ssi-en-bpsS DSa.
efn-X-ssi-en-bn-ep _me-I-hn-XIfpw DamtI-cfw F alm-Im-hyhpw \nc-h[n JfiIm-hy-fpw Kth-j-W-te-J-\-fpw Dq
cNnnp-v. Ap-hm-eyfnembn cNn
tIcf-km-ln-Xy-N-cn{Xw ae-bm-f-n\p e`n
hne-s kw`m-h-\-bm-Wv. IW-`q-j-Ww,
]nwK-f, `n-Zo-]n-I (Jfi-Im-hy-), IncWm-h-en, Xmc-lm-cw, Xcw-Kn-Wn, Aar-X-[m-c,
I]-imJn (Ihn-Xm-k-am-lm-c-) XpSnbh {][m\ IrXn-I.
tIkcn F. _me-Ir-jvW-]n (18891960)
{]ikv X \ncq- ] - I , ]{X- { ]- h - I .
1889 Xncp-h-\--]p-cp P\n-p. A[ym-]I-\mbpw ho-embpw ]{Xm-[n-]c
- mbpw tPmen
sNbvXp. tkzm-[n-]-Xy-n-s\-Xntc 1930-
Atlw Bcw-`n ]{X-amWv "tIk-cn'. Xs
]{X- ns t]cn- e mWv ]nm- e v
Atlw Adn-b-s--Xv. kmln-Xy-\n-cq-]-Wn a\-m-kv{Xm-h-t_m-[hpw Ncn-{Xm-ht_m-[hpw {]tbm-P\
- s
- -Sp-nb hnai-I.
Ncn-{Xw, kmln-Xy-\n-cq-]-Ww, hnh\w
XpS-nb hn`m-K
- f
- n-embn 34 IrXn-I. cq]-

a-RvP-cn, t\mh{]m-\-, kmln-Xy-Kth-jW

- a
- m-e, kmt-Xn-I{- K \ncq-]W
-
- ,
kmln-Xy-hn-ai-\-, tIk-cn-bpsS apJ{]-kw-K- Fnh {][m\ IrXn-I-fm-Wv.
Htsd hnh-\I
- r-Xn-Ifpw {]kn-o-Ic
- n-np-v.
Imcq \oe-I-WvTn (1898 1975)
kp{]-kn IYm-Ir-v. Gp-am-\q-cn P\np. A[ym-]I
- \
- m-bn-cp-p. kmln-Xy-{]-km-[I
kl-Ic
- W
- k
- w-L
- ns m]I sk{I-dn.
\mn]p- d s km[m- c W a\p- j y- c psS
PohnXNn{X-f
- mWv Imcq IY-If
- n hcp
hn-cn-p--Xv. ]gb {Km v kvIq A[ym]-I-cpsS Zb-\o-bX shfn-hm-p IY-I
{]i-kvX-am-Wv. ac-m-h-I, ]qh-gw, ]nimNns Ipm-bw, s]mXn-tm-dv, sXc-sSp IY-I XpS-n-bh {][m\ sNdp-IYm-k-am-lmc. lcn, Kucn, ]nbpw
XpWnbpw Fn-hb
- mWv t\mh-ep-I. tIcf
kmlnXy Am-Zan AhmUv e`np.
Ipn-Ir-jvW-am-cmcv (1900 1973)
ae-bmf\ncq-]-I-cn {]ap-J. ae-pdw Pnbnse Xr-tmv P\n-p. kwkvIr-X-`m-jbnse CuSp- -\n-cq-]Wknm---fmWv
amcm-cpsS kmlnXy\ncq-]-W-ns ASnd. {]uVam- W v At- l - ns KZyssien. ae-bm-f-ssi-en, kmln-Xy-k-m-]w,
kmln-Xy-`q-j-Ww, cmPm--Ww, kmln-Xy-hnZy, ssIhn-f-v, Nm-tbm-Kw, Z-tKm-]pcw, `mc-X-]-cy-S-\w, Ejn-{]-km-Zw, hr-inev]w, Ie PohnXw Xs XpS-nb kzX-{Ir-Xn-Ifpw Imfn-Zm-kI
- r-Xn-Isgp-Xnb KZy]-cn-`m-jI-fp-amWv {][m-\ -Ir-Xn-I. "Ie
PohnXw Xs' F {K-n\v tI{-kmlnXy Am-Zan AhmUv e`n-p.
tPmk^v ap-tcn (1903 1977)
{]kn \ncq-]-I. Xrq-cnse I-m--Shn P\n-p. tIc-f
- ns kmwkvIm-cnIcmjv{Sob cwK--fn Dz-e-amb hynap{Z
]Xn-n-m Ign Nn-Ic
- n {]ap-J\mWv.

kmln-Xy-hn-ai-I, A[ym-]-I, hmKvan,

hnZym-`ymk hnN--W, hnZym-`ymka{n
Fn-s\ _lp-apJ hyn-Xz-n-\p-S-a.
`mc-Xo-bhpw ]mm-Xy-hp-amb Imhy-ao-amw-kIsf HuNn-Xy-]qhw ka-\z-bn-np-sImp Dt-j-I-c-amb Hcp \ncq-]W]-XnbmWv Atlw kzoI-cn--Xv. am\-Z-w,
Imhy-]o-Tn-I, amsm-en, Icn-n-cn, {]bm-Ww,
\mS-Imw Ihn-Xzw, cq]-`-{Z-X, a\p-jy-I-Ym\p-Km-bn-I, hmb-\im-eb
- n XpS-nb \ncq]W{K- fpw s{]m^- k , sImbn\np Ipcn-in-tev, ]md-p-dp hnX
hnv Fo t\mh-ep-Ifpw sImgn CeI F B-I-Ybpw {][m\ IrXn-I.
XIgn inh-i--c-n (1912 1999)
m\-]o-T-]p-c-kvImcw t\Snb t\mh-en-v.
Be-pg Pn-bnse XI-gn-bn P\n-p. hoem-bn-cp-p. Ip-\m-Sns IYm-Im-c. am\kn-Im-]{- K-Y\
-
- n-eq-nb sNdp-IY
- I
- s
- f-gp-Xn.
kaq-l-nse hnhn[ Xe--fn-se a\p-jycpsS PohnXw {]ta-b-amn t\mh-ep-I-sf-gpXn. Xncp-h\--]p-cs km-cp-tZym-K-cpsS PohnXw GWn--Sn-I-fnepw Ip-\m-nse
Ij-I-cpsS PohnXw I-b, cn-S-gn
Fo t\mh-ep-I-fnepw IS-p-ds aysm-gn-em-fn-I-fpsS PohnXw sNo-\nepw
Be-p-g---W-nse tXmn-I-fpsS PohnXw
tXmn- b psS aI F t\mh- e nepw
Atlw Bhn-jvI-cn-p. tXmn (\mSIw),
Fs ho PohnXw (Hma-p-dn-pI),
tLmj-bm-{X, ASn-sbm-gp-p-I, sXc-sSp IY-I (IY-I) XpS-n-bh-bmWv
ap {][m-\- Ir-Xn-I. tI{-t- Icf km-lnXyA-m-Zan AhmUp-Ifpw e`n-n-p-v.
tImhn-e (19232010)
{]kn t\mh-enpw sNdp-I-Ym-Irpw.
Xrq Pn-bnse Im-W-t-cn-bn P\np. Im-W-tcn hw-]-d-n the-
A- FmWv bYmY t]cv. tImhn-e
FXv Xqen-Im-\m-a-am-Wv. Cy ssk\yn tPmen sNbvXp. ]m-f--Y-I-sf-gp-Xnae- b mfw 8 9

bmWv t]sc-Sp--Xv. ]nm-ev tXm, XIw Fo t\mh-ep-I-fn-eqsS Xs

P-\m-Sns IY ]d-p. F ssa\kv _n,
lnam-e-bw, Ggm-sa-S-, Pm--c-,
XI lrZ-b-, Xmgvhc-I, `c-X
(t\m- h - e p- I ), tImhn- e s IY- I ,
BZys IY-I, iIp-\w, Hcp IjWw
An, Hcn- a\p-jy-\m-bn-cp-p, Cu
PohnXw A\m-Y-am-Wv, Hcp ]ew a\-tbm-e,
thmw-I-Sn, tXhm-gvN-I (I-Ym-k-am-lmc-), B-`m-j-W-, IYbpw IY-Ifpw, tImhn- e s teJ- \ - (D- ] - \ ymk) Fn-hb
- mWv ap {][m\ IrXn-I.
tI{tIc-f kmlnXy Am-Zan AhmUpIfpw Fgp-
- ]pc-kvIm-chpw e`n-n-pv.
]n. `mkvI-c (1924 2007)
Ihn, Km\-c-N-bnXm-hv. Xrq Pn-bnse
sImSp--q-cn P\-\w. kzmX-{y-k-a-c-tk\m\n, Ne-n{X kwhn-[m-b-I, BIm-ihmWn s{]mUyq-k Fo \ne-If
- nepw {]ikvX. 1942 Iznv Cym ka-c-tm-S-\p_-nv Pbnhmkw hcn-p. HmpI htm-gpw, H--n-bp Xw_p-cp, Hky-v,
]mSp aX-cn-I, \mgn-bp-cn-mev XpS-nbh {][m\ IrXn-I. tIcf kmln-XyAm-Zan AhmUv e`n-p. cmap-Im-cym-n-t\msSmw kwhn-[m\w \nh-ln "\oe-p-bn'
cmjv{S-]-Xn-bpsS cP-X-I-aew t\Sn. Nen{X
cwKs ka{K kw`m-h-\-bvp sP.kn.
Zm\n-tb ]pc-kvImcw t\Sn.
\q-Xncn
{]kn Nn{X-Im-c. 1925- ae-pdw Pnbnse s]mm-\n-bn P\n-p. hmkp-tZ-h
\q-Xncn FmWv apgp-h t]-cv. sI.-kn.Fkv. ]Wn-, Un.-]n. tdmbvNu-[cn XpSnb {]apJ Nn{X-Im-c-m-cpsS Iogn Nn{XIe A`y- k n- p. tcJm- N n- { X- I - e - b n- e mWv
hyn-ap{Z ]Xn-n-X
- v. Fw.-Sn.-bpsS cm-aqgw
DssS Htsd IrXn-Iv Nn{Xo-I-cWw
\nh-ln-p. 1960 apX XpS-bmbn B\pIm-en-I-p-thn tcJm-Nn{Xw hc-p.
9 0 tIcf ]mTm- h en

inev]n F \ne-bnepw {]i-kX

v \
- m-W.v tIcf
Iem-a-WvU-e-nse IY-Ifninev]-fpw
sNp-X-In-Sp-I-fn cNn alm-`m-cXNn{XoI-cW
- hpw {][m\ Iem-kr-jvSn-If
- m-Wv. \qXn-cn-bpsS B-mwi-apsm-p IrXnbmWv "tcJ-I'. cmPm-c-hn-ha ]pc-kvIm-capssS At\Iw _lp-aX
- n-I e`n-n-pv.
Anw ANyp-X \q-Xncn
{]kn--I-hn. 1926 ]me-mSv Pn-bnse
Ipa-c-\-q-cn P\np. hn.Sn.-smw kmapZm-bn-I-{]-h-\--fn ]s-Sp-p. CStcn t\XrXzw \Inb s]mm-\n-bnse
kmln-Xy-k-Z-n AwK-am-bn-cp-p. BImi-hm-Wn-bn tPmen-sN-bvXp. Ccp-]Xmw \qmns CXn-lm-kw, _en-Zi-\w, sh-ns IY, CSn-p-s]m-fn temIw, Bem--, Anw Ihn-X-I, An-ns Ipn--hn-X-I Fnh {][m-\ -IrXn-I. `mK-hXw ]cn-`m-j-s-Sp-n. Fgp- ]pc-kvIm-chpw tI{--tI-cf kmln-XyA-m-Zan AhmUp-Ifpw e`nnp-v.
tUm. sI. A---Wn- (1930-2006)
ae-bmfIhn-X-bn B[p-\n-I-Xm-{]-m-\n\v XpSw Ipdn--h-cn-sem-cm. Be-pg
Pn-bn Imhm-ev P\n-p. A[ym-]-I-\mbn-cp-p. Ipcp-t-{Xw, arXyp-]q-P, Ip-\mS Zriy-, IpSpw-_-]p-cm-Ww, Imq
Ihn- X - I , tKm]n- I m- Z - W v U Iw Fnh
{]kn Ihn-X-I-fn Nne-Xv. Bt-]-lmky-ns km[y-XI
- Ihn-XI
- f
- n {]tbmP-\s
- -Sp-n. kmln-Xy-hn-ai-I F \nebnepw {]i-kvX. A-
- W
- n-c
- psS IrXnI (aqp `mK-), tKm{X-bm-\w, ]p-aWn-q- (I-hn-Xm-k-am-lm-c-), A--Wn--cpsS teJ-\- Fnh {][m-\ Ir-Xn-I. Sn.-F-kv. Fen-b-ns thvem v
DssS Htsd hntZ-i-I-hn-X-I ae-bm-fn-tep ]cn-`m-j-s-Sp-n. tI{--tI-cf
kmln-Xy -A-m-Zan AhmUp-I e`n-npv.

am[-hn-pn (Ia-em -kp-c) (19342009)

IS--\n cma-Ir-jvW (19352008)

temI-{]-kn Ih-bn-{Xnbpw ae-bm-f-nse

{]apJ IYm-Imcnbpw. Xrq Pn-bnse
]p-bqp-fv \me-mp Xd-hm-n P\np. am[-hn-pn F t]cn ae-bm-f
- n
sNdp-I-Y-Ifpw Ia-em-Zmkv F t]cn
Cwo-jn Ihn-XI
- fpw {]kn-o-Ic
- n-p. Fgp- ]pc-kvIm-cw, tI{--tI-cf kmlnXyA-m-Zan AhmUp-I, Gjy t]mb{Sn
ss{]kv XpSn Htsd _lp-a-Xn-I e`nn-p-v. ]n-bpsS aWw, XWp-v, aXn-epI, \cn-o-dp-I ]d-p-tm, am[-hn-pn- b psS IY- I , Fs sNdp- I - Y - I ,
tNt-dp ]n-I, \jvSs
- \oemw-_cn
(I-Ym-k-am-lm-c-), _mey-Imekvac-WI, Fs IY, hj-p-ap-v, \oamXfw ]q-Imew (B-IY
- I
- ), am[-hn-pn-bpsS aqp t\mh-ep-I, am\-kn, N-\-ac-, ISabq-cw, hn-m-f-I (t\m-hep-I) XpS-n-bh ae-bm-f-nse {][m\
IrXn-I. k C I-, Z HmUv
t lukv B v AX t]mbw-kv, B\asse t]mbw-kv, Hmen Z tkm t\mkv
lu Sp knMv Fnh Cwo-jnse {]apJ
Ihn-Xm-k-am-lm-c-.

B[p-\nIIhn-I-fn {]ap-J. ]-\w-Xn

Pn-bnse IS-\
- n-b
- n P\n-p. X]m hIpp-tZym-K--\m-bn-cp-p. 1996 tIcf \nba-k`- mw-Ka
- mbn Xnc-s-Sp-s
- -p. h\y-amb
Icp-ns Ihn-X-bmWv IS--\n--bp-tS-Xv.
Xs \mnse ]S-b-Wn-t]m-ep Iem-cq-]-fn \nv Atlw DuP-apsm-p.
Imm-f, Incm-X-hr-w, IS-\n, tImgn,
Ipd- n, im Fnh At- l - ns
{][m\ Ihn-X-I-fn Nne-Xm-Wv. Ihn-X, IS-\n--bpsS Ihn-X-I, an{i-Xmfw Fnh
{][m\ Ihn-Xm-k-am-lm-c-. kmap-h
s_- ns tKmtZm- s b- m- v , HIv t Smhntbm ]mns kqcy-ine Fo IrXn-I
ae-bm-f-n-tev ]cn-`m-js-Sp-n. tIcf
kmlnXy Am-Zan AhmUv e`n-n-p-v.

kpK-X-Ip-amcn
{]kn Ih-bn-{Xn. 1934 Xncp-h\
-
- ]
- p-cp
P\n-p. kmaq-lnI-]-cn-jvI-cW cwKpw
{]IrXnkwc-W
- c
- w-Kpw hne-s kw`mh-\-I \In. Imev]-\n-I-Xbpw B[p-\n-IXbpw ka-\z-bn Ihn-X-I. ]mcn-n-Xn-Imh-t_m[w Ihn-X-I-fn-em-hn-jvI-cn Fgp-pIm-cn. IrjvWk
- ev]neq-nb Ihn-XI
cNn-p. app-n-n, kz]v\-`q-an, ]mXn-cm-q, ]mhw am\-hl
- r-Zb
- w, Ccpn-dI
- p-I,
cm{Xn- a - g , A- e - a - W n, Ipdn- n- q- ,
IrjvW-I-hn-X-I, cm[-sb-hn-sS, tZh-Zmkn,
Imhp-Xo--t, aW-se-gpv XpS-nbh
{][m\ IrXn-I. tI{--tI-cf kmlnXy
Am-Zan AhmUpI, Fgp-- ]pckvIm-cw Fnh e`n-p.

hn.-Fw. Ipn
amn-f
- mp Kmb-I, Kth-jI
- Fo \neI-fn {]kn-. 1935 ae-pdw Pn-bnse
]pfn--en P\n-p. A[ym-]-I-\m-bn-cp-p.
amn-f
- m-ns\ P\-Io-ba
- m-p-X
- n\v t\XrXzw
\In. amn-f-m-p-I-sf-p-dnv Kth-jWw
\S-p-Ibpw \nc-h[n teJ-\- {]kn-s- S p- p- I bpw sNbv X p. amn- f - m- ns
Xmbvthcp-I, amn-f-m-ns Ncn-{X-k-mc- , alm- I hn tambnIpn sshZy
Fn-h-bmWv {][m\ IrXn-I.
Fw. apIp-
a-gnbpsS IYm-Im-c. 1942 {^v A[o\-{]-tZ-i-amb a-gn-bn P\n-p. Ulnbnse {^v Fw_-kn-bn tPmen-sN-bvXp.
tIcf kmln-Xy -A-m-Zan {]kn-Um-bn-cpp. agn-p-g-bpsS Xoc--fn F t\mhen-eqsS ae-bmf hmb-\-m-cn ]pXn-sbmcp
`mhp-IX
- z-n\v XpSw Ipdn-p. Uln 1981
{]kn-a
- mb sNdp-IY
- b
- m-W.v lcn-Zzm-dn aWnap- g - p- p, Bhn- e m- b nse kqtcymZbw,
ssZh-ns hnIr-Xn-I, tIi-hs hnem]-, \rw XpS-nb t\mh-ep-Ifpw
ae- b mfw 9 1

Im-Sn-bpsS ImgvN, tXhn-Sn-n-nfnI,

Znt\m-k-dp-I-fpsS Imew XpS-nb IYm-kam- l m- c fpw cNn- n- p- v. {^v
Khsa ns sjh- e n- b AhmUv ,
tI{tIcf- km-lnXy Am-Zan AhmUv
XpS-nbh e`n-p.

k-dnb

hn.B.-Ir-jvWN
- {-

Ign IYm-Ir-v. Hcn-S-v, Hcp \{km-Wn-

IqSn-bm Kth-jI
- . 1942 ]me-mSv Pnbnse tImX-p-dn-n-bn P\n-p. A[ym-]I-\m-bncpp. ]pcp-jmY-q-v, hnZq-jI

bp-hm-hpw- Kufnimkv{X-hpw, B-dn-bmw,

qv Fnh IrXn-I. tIc-fo-b-I-e-I-sf-

t-ecpw Fs Pohn-X-hpw Fnh {][m-\-

p-dnv GXm\pw ]T-\-fpw {]kn-o-I-cn-

Ir- X n- I . tIcf kmln- X y- A - m- Z an

n-p-v.

AhmUv e`n-n-p-v.

9 2 tIcf ]mTm- h en

{]kn-- I-Ym-Ir-v. 1945 ]membvSpv

Dcp-fn-Ip-p P\n-p. A[ym-]-I\pw am[ya-{]-h-I\
- p-am-bn-cp-p. B[p-\n-Ia
- e
- b
- mf
sNdp-I-Y-bn X\-Xmb ssien-I-s-m

ss{]kv Z temUv, Fpp hnti-jw ]oemtm-tk, tKmhnw `P aqV-a-tX, `mkvI-c-