Do An Mon Hoc NMD-OK4

n mn hc
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
Nguyn Dip
Chng I
tnh ton ph tI v cn bng cng sut

Cht lng in nng l mt yu cu quan trng ca ph ti.
m bo cht lng in nng ti mi thi im , in nng do cc
nh my pht in pht ra phi hon ton cn bng vi lng in
nng tiu th cc h tiu th k c tn tht in nng. V in
nng t c kh nng tch lu nn vic cn bng cng sut trong h
thng in l rt quan trng.
Trong thc t lng in nng tiu th ti cc h dng in lun
lun thay i. Vic nm c quy lut bin i ny tc l tm c
th ph ti l iu rt quan trng i vi vic thit k v vn
hnh. Nh vo th ph ti m ta c th la chn c cc phng
n ni in hp l , m bo cc ch tiu kinh t v k thut, nng
cao tin cy cung cp in. Ngoi ra da vo th ph ti cn
cho php chn ng cng sut cc my bin p v phn b ti u
cng sut gia cc t my pht in trong cng mt nh my v
phn b cng sut gia cc nh my in vi nhau.
Theo nhim v thit k nh my in thu in c tng cng
sut t l 400 MW gm c 4 my pht in kiu thy in cung
cp cho ph ti 3 cp in p my pht, 110 KV v ni vi h
thng cp in p 220 KV.
Ta chn my pht in loi CB-1500/170-96 c cc thng s sau:
SFm
PFm
cosm
UFm
IFm
Xd
Xd
Xd
(MVA)
117,64
(MW)
100
0,85
(KA)
13,8
(KA)
4,92
0,21
0,29
0,65
Thit k phn in nh my in v trm bin p

1
n mn hc
Nguyn Dip
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
Trong nhim v thit k cho th ph ti ca nh my v
th ph ti ca cc cp in p di dng bng theo phn trm
cng sut tc dng (Pmax) v h s (costb) ca tng ph ti tng ng
t ta tnh c ph ti ca cc cp in p theo cng sut biu
kin nh cng thc sau:
P%.Pmax
S
(t) 100.cos tb
Trong :
S(t)
: Cng sut biu kin ca ph ti ti thi im t tnh

bng (MVA)
P%
: Cng sut tc dng ti thi im t tnh bng phn

trm cng sut cc i
Pmax : Cng sut ca ph ti cc i tnh bng (MW)

costb :H s cng sut trung bnh ca tng ph ti
1-1. th ph ti ca ton nh my.
Nhim v thit k cho nh my gm 4 t my pht thy
in c :
PFm = 100 MW , costbm = 0,85.
Do cng sut biu kin ca mi t my l :
P
100
S
Fdm
117,647
cos
dm 0,85
Fdm
MVA
Tng cng sut t ca ton nh my l:

PNMm = 4PFm = 4.100= 400 MW
hay SNMm = 4SFm= 4.117,647 = 470,588 MVA
T th ph ti ca nh my in tnh c cng sut pht ra
ca nh my tng thi im l:
SNM ( t )
PNM ( t )
cos dm
vi
PNM ( t )
PNM %
PNMdm
100

2
n mn hc
Nguyn Dip
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
Kt qu tnh ton cho bng 1-1 v th v hnh 1-1:
Bng 11
t (gi)
05
58
8 11
PNM(%)
80
90
100
100
SNM(t)
376,4
7
423,5
3
470,5
9
470,5
9
(MVA)
500
1114 1417
20
22
100
2224
100
17
20
100
470,5
9
470,5
9
470,5
9
376,4
7
80
SNM(MVA)
400
470,59
423,53
376,47
376,47
300
200
100
0
0
t (h)
5
11
14
Hnh 1-1
17
20
22
24
1-2.Ph ti t dng ca nh my
Theo nhim v thit k h s ph ti t dng ca nh my
=0,9% cng sut nh mc ca nh my vi costddm = 0,85 tc l
bng h s cng sut nh mc ca nh my v c coi l hng s
vi cng thc :

3
n mn hc
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
Nguyn Dip
Std(t)=.SNM = 0,009.470,588 = 4,235 (MVA)

1-3. th ph ti a phng cp in p UF ( 13,8 KV )
Ph ti a phng ca nh my c din p 13,8 KV, cng sut
cc i PUfmax = 14 MW , costb = 0,85 : bao gm 2 kp*4 MW*3 Km
v 2 n*3MW*3 Km. xc nh th ph ti a phng phi
cn c vo s bin thin ph ti hng ngy cho v nh cng
thc :
SUf ( t )
PUf ( t )
cos tb
vi
PUf ( t )
PUf %
PUf max
100
Kt qu tnh c theo tng thi im t cho bng 1-3 v

th
ph
ti
phng
cho
hnh
1-3.
20
22
90
2224
14,82
3
13,17
6
Bng 1-3
t (gi)
05
58
8 11
PUf(%)
70
80
90
90
90
17
20
100
SUf(t)
11,53
13,17
6
14,82
3
14,82
3
14,82
3
16,47
0
(MVA)
100
1114 1417
80
SUf(MVA)
80
60
40
20
11,53
14,823
13,176
16,470
13,176
Thit k0 phn in nh my in v trm bin p

0
14
4 11
Hnh 1-3
17
20
22
24
t (h)
n mn hc
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
Nguyn Dip
1-4. th ph ti trung p (110 KV)

Nhim v thit k cho P110max = 280 MW v costb =
0,82 :gm 2 kp*80 MW v 4 n*50 MW. xc nh th ph
ti pha trung p phi cn c vo s bin thin ph ti hng ngy
cho v nh cng thc :
ST ( t )
P110 ( t )
vi
cos tb
P110 ( t )
P%
P110 max
100
Kt qu tnh c theo tng thi im t cho bng 1-4 v

th ph ti pha trung p cho hnh 1-4
Bng 1-4
t (gi)
05
58
8 11
PT(%)
80
90
90
90
ST(t)
273,1
7
307,3
2
307,3
2
307,3
2
(MVA)
ST(MVA)
1114 1417
20
22
100
2224
90
17
20
90
307,3
2
307,3
2
341,4
6
273,1
7
80
500
400
341,46
300
307,32
273,17
273,17
200
100

0
0
5
11
Hnh 1-
14
17
20
22
24
t (h)
n mn hc
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
Nguyn Dip
1-5. th ph ti v h thng (220 KV).

Ton b cng sut tha ca nh my c pht ln h thng qua
ng dy kp di 150 Km .Tng cng sut h thng S HT=2800
MVA vi in khng nh mc XHT=1,13. D tr quay ca h thng
SdtHT=200 MVA . Nh vy phng trnh cn bng cng sut ton nh
my l:
SNM(t) = SUf(t) + ST(t) + SVHT(t) + St d(t)
T phng trnh trn ta c ph ti v h thng theo thi gian l:
SVHT(t) = SNM(t) - {SUf(t) + ST(t) + St d(t)}
T ta lp c bng tnh ton ph ti v cn bng cng sut
ton nh my nh bng 1-5 v th ph ti trn hnh 1-5.
Bng 1-5
t (gi)
05
58
8 11
1114 1417
SNM(t)
376,4
7
4,235
423,5
3
4,235
470,5
9
4,235
470,5
9
4,235
470,5
9
4,235
11,52
9
273,1
7
87,53
5
13,17
6
307,3
2
98,8
14,82
3
307,3
2
144,2
1
14,82
3
307,3
2
144,2
1
14,82
3
307,3
2
144,2
1
Std(t)
SUf(t)
ST(t)
SVHT(t)
(MVA)
17
20
470,5
9
4,235
20
22
470,5
9
4,235
2224
16,47
14,82
3
341,4
6
110,1
13,17
6
273,1
7
85,89
307,3
2
142,5
7

6
376,4
7
4,235
n mn hc
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
Nguyn Dip
SVHT(MVA)
250
200
150
100
144,21
142,57
110,1
98,8
87,535
85,89
50
0
0
t (h)
5
11
14
17
20
22
24
Hnh 1-5
1-6. Nhn xt chung.
Ph ti nh my phn b khng u trn c ba cp in p v
gi tr cng sut cc i c tr s l:
S Ufmax =
16,47 MVA
STmax = 341,46 MVA
SVHTmax = 144,21 MVA
Tng cng sut nh mc ca h thng l 2800 MVA, d tr
quay ca h thng SdtHT = 200 MVA. Gi tr ny ln hn tr s cng
sut cc i m nh my pht ln h thng SVHTmax = 144,21 MVA.
Ph ti in p trung chim phn ln cng sut nh my do
vic m bo cung cp in cho ph ti ny l rt quan trng.

7
n mn hc
Nguyn Dip
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
T cc kt qu tnh ton trn ta xy dng c th ph ti
tng hp ca nh my nh sau:
500
SNM(MVA)
400
300
470,59
423,53
376,47
341,463
376,47
307,32
273,17
273,17
200
144,21
100
0
0
87,535
98,8
11,53
13,176
5
142,57
110,1
85,89
16,47 14,823
14,823
11
14
17
20
22
24
t (h)
Chng II
la chn phng n ni in chnh
Chn s ni in chnh l mt trong nhng nhim v ht
sc quan trng trong thit k nh my in. S ni in hp l
khng nhng em li nhng li ch kinh t ln lao m cn p ng
c cc yu cu k thut

8
n mn hc
Nguyn Dip
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
Theo nhim v thit k nh my c 4 t my pht, cng sut
nh mc ca mi t my l 100 MW c nhim v cung cp in
cho ph ti ba cp in p sau:
Ph ti a phng cp in p Uf c:
SUfmax = 16,47 MVA
SUfmin = 11,53 MVA
Ph ti trung p cp in p 110 KV c:
STmax = 341,46 MVA
STmin = 273,17 MVA
Ph ti v h thng cp in p 220 KV c:
SVHTmax = 144,21 MVA
SVHTmin = 85,89 MVA
Theo nhim v thit k th ph ti a phng pha in p
my pht c cp bng cc ng cp kp m in p u cc my
pht l 13,8 KV. Cng sut c ly t u cc ca hai my pht ni
vi t ngu v mi my cung cp cho mt na ph ti a phng.
Trong trng hp mt my b s c th my cn li vi kh nng qu ti
s cung cp in cho ton b ph ti a phng.
Nh my c ba cp in p l 13,8 KV; 110KV; 220KV, trong
li 110KV v 220KV u l li c trung tnh trc tip ni t v vy
HT.
ST p t ngu .
lin lc gia ba cp in p ta dng my bin
T nhng
mt
220nhn
KV xt trn y ta c th xut
110
KV s phng
n nh sau:
2-1. Phng n IB4

(HnhB1
2-1).
B3
B2

F4
F1
F2
9
Hnh 2-1
F3
n mn hc
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
Nguyn Dip
Do ph ti cao v trung p ln hn nhiu so vi cng sut nh

mc ca my pht nn mi thanh gp 110 KV v 220 KV c ni vi
mt b my pht in - my bin p ba pha hai dy qun ln lt l
F3-B3 v F4-B4. cung cp in thm cho cc ph ti ny cng nh
lin lc gia ba cp in p dng hai b my pht in -my
bin p t ngu (F1-B1 v F2-B2).
Ph ti a phng Uf c cung cp din qua hai my bin p
ni vi hai cc my pht in F1,F2.
u im ca phng n ny l b tr ngun v ti cn i. Tuy
nhin phi dng n ba loi my bin p. Ngoi ra khi S VHTmin =
85,89MVA < SFm = 117,647MVA nn nu cho b F4-B4 lm vic
nh mc th c th pha trung p nhn c nng lng phi qua hai
ln bin p (v ph ti trung p rt ln), ln th nht qua B4, ln th
hai qua B1 v B2.

10
n mn hc
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
2-2. Phng n II(Hnh 2-2).
Nguyn Dip
HT
St
220 KV
110 KV
b1
f1
b2
b3
f2
f3
b4
f4
Hnh 2-2
khc phc nhc im phng n I, chuyn b F4-B4 t thanh
gp 220 KV sang pha 110KV. Phn cn li ca phng n II ging nh
phng n I.
Nhn xt :
- tin cy cung cp in m bo, gim c vn
u t do ni b cp in p thp hn thit b r tin
hn.
- Phn cng sut lun tha bn trung c truyn qua
my bin p t ngu a ln h thng (v tng cng sut
cc b bn trung lun ln hn ph ti cc i bn trung).
- u im ca phng n ny l ch dng hai loi my
bin p. Ngoi ra do S Tmin = 273,17MVA > 2SFm

11
n mn hc
Nguyn Dip
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
=2.117,647 =235,3MVA nn 2 b ni vi thanh gp 110KV
c th lun lun lm vic ch nh mc.
2-3. Phng n III(Hnh 2-3).
HT
B1
B2
ST
B3
B5
B4
B6
SUF
Nhn xt :
- S lng my bin p nhiu i hi vn u t ln, ng
thi trong qu trnh vn hnh xc sut s c my bin p tng,
tn tht cng sut ln.
- Khi s c b bn trung th my bin p t ngu chu
ti qua cun dy chung ln so vi cng sut ca n.
Tm li: Qua nhng phn tch trn y ta li phng n I v
phng n II tnh ton, so snh c th hn v kinh t v k
thut nhm chn c s ni in ti u cho nh my in.

12
n mn hc
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
Nguyn Dip
Chng III
Chn my bin p v tnh tn tht in nng
3-1.Chn my bin p - phn phi cng sut cho my bin p.
Gi thit cc my bin p c ch to ph hp vi iu kin
nhit mi trng ni lp t nh my in . Do vy khng cn
hiu chnh cng sut nh mc ca chng.
I.Phng n I (hnh 2-1).
1. Chn my bin p :
- Cng sut nh mc ca cc my bin p t ngu B1, B2 c
chn theo iu kin sau: SB1m = SB2m
1
SFm
Trong l h s c li ca my bin p t ngu
U C U T 220 110
0,5
UC
220
1
Do : SB1m = SB2m 0,5 117 ,647 235,294 MVA

T kt qu tnh ton trn ta chn t hp ba my bin p t ngu
mt pha cho mi my bin p B1,B2 loi: AOTH-120 c cc thng
s k thut nh bng 3-1 (l thng s cho mt pha trong t hp 3
pha ):

13
n mn hc
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
Nguyn Dip
Bng 3-1
Sm
Um (KV)
UN%(*)
P0
C-T
C-H
T-H
34
220
235
(MVA)
120
UC
UT
UH
C-T
C-H
T-H
(KW)
C-H
242
3
121
3
13,8
10
210
PN%
I0(
Gi
%)
(106)
0,
6440
Nh vy tng cng sut ca t hp 3 t my bin p t ngu

mt pha l:
3.120 = 360 MVA
-
My bin p B3 c chn theo s b :

SB3m SFm = 117,647 MVA
Do ta chn my bin p tng p ba pha 2 cun dy c S m =
125 MVA l loi : T-125 (121/13,8) c cc thng s k thut nh

bng 3-2
B
Sm
UCm
UHm
(MVA)
125
(KV)
121
(KV)
13,8
ng 3-2
P0
PN UN%
(KW)
100
(KV)
400 10,5
I 0%
Gi
0,5
(106 )
5120
- My bin p B4 cng c chn theo s b nh i vi B3:

SB4m SFm = 117,647 MVA
Do ta chn my bin p tng p ba pha 2 cun dy c S m =
125 MVA l loi : T-125 (242/13,8) c cc thng s nh bng 3-3 .
B
ng 3-3
Sm
UCm
UHm
P0
PN
(MVA)
(KV)
(KV)
(KW)
(KV)
UN%
I 0%
Gi (106 )

14
n mn hc
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
125
242
Nguyn Dip
13,8
115
380
11
0,5
6480
2.Phn b cng sut cho cc my bin p.

- thun tin trong vn hnh, cc b my pht- my bin p
hai cun dy F3-B3 v F4-B4 cho lm vic vi th bng phng
sut c nm. Do cng sut ti ca mi my l:
SB3 = SB4 = SFm = 117,647MVA < SB3,B4m=125 MVA
Do i kin lm vic bnh thng B3 v B4 khng b qu
ti
- Ph ti qua mi my bin p t ngu B1v B2 c tnh nh sau :
Ph ti truyn ln pha trung p ca mi my bin p t
ngu l :
SCT B1 ( t ) SCT B 2 ( t )
1
ST ( t ) S B 3
2
Ph ti truyn ln pha cao p ca mi my bin p t ngu

l :
SCC B1 SCCB 2
1
SVHT ( t ) SB 4
2
Ph ti truyn ln pha h p ca mi my bin p t ngu

l :
SCH B1 SCH B 2 SCC B1 SCT B1 SCC B 2 SCT B 2
Kt qu tnh ton cho trn bng 3-4:

B
ng 3-4
t (h)
SB1=S
B2
SCT(t)
05
58
811
1114 1417 1720 2022 2224
117,6
117,6
117,6
117,6
117,6
117,6
117,6
117,6
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
77,76
94,83
94,83
94,83
94,83
94,83
111,9
77,76

15
n mn hc
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
Nguyn Dip
SCC(t)
13,28
13,28
13,28
SCH(t)
15.06
62,71
9,424
85,41
3
108,1
3
108,1
3
108,1
12,46
107,3
3,774
108,1
15,88
61,88
Du - chng t cng sut i t pha thanh gp h thng

220KV sang thanh gp 110KV b xung lng cng sut thiu pha
110KV.
Qua bng phn b cng sut 3-5 thy rng:
SCCmax = 13,283 MVA < SB1,B2m=360 MVA
SCTmax = 111,91 MVA < SM = .SB1m = 180 MVA
SCHmax = 108,13 MVA < SM = 180 MVA
Nh vy cc my bin p chn khng b qu ti khi lm vic
bnh thng.
3. Kim tra cc my bin p khi b s c.
V cng sut nh mc ca cc my bin p hai cun dy c
chn theo cng sut nh mc ca my pht in nn vic kim
tra qu ti ch cn xt i vi my bin p t ngu.
Coi s c nng n nht l lc ph ti trung p cc i S Tmax=
341,463 MVA.
Khi SVHT =110,1 MVA ;
SUf =14,823 MVA
a) Gi thit s c b F3-B3.
Kim tra iu kin : 2.Kqtsc. .SB1m STmax
( 2.1,4.0,5.360 =504 > 341,463 MVA tho mn iu kin )
Lc ny cng sut ti ln trung p qua mi my l:
SCT-B1 = SCT-B2 = STmax/2 = 170,732 MVA
Cho cc my pht F1v F2 lm vic vi gi tr nh mc. Do
cng sut qua cun h ca B1 v B2 l:

16
n mn hc
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
SCH-B1,B2 = SFm - SUf /2 - Std /4
Nguyn Dip
= 117,647 - 14,823/2 - 4,235/4 = 109,177 MVA

Cng sut ti ln cao p ca 1 MBA:
SCC-B1,B2 = SCH-B1,B2 - SCT-B1,B2 = 109,177 - 170,732 = - 61,555
MVA
Du - chng t cng sut i t thanh gp h thng 220 kV
sang thanh gp trung p 110 kV b vo phn cng sut thiu vi tr
s 2.61,555 MVA. Khi lng cng sut nh my cp cho pha cao p
cn thiu mt lng :
Sthiu = SVHT - SB4- 2.SCC-B1,B2
= 110,1- 117,647- (-61,555) = 155,56 MVA < S dtHT =200
MVA
Vi lng cng sut thiu ny nh hn d tr quay ca h thng.
Qua trn thy rng khi s c b F3-B3,hai my bin p t ngu
B1,B2 lm vic khng b qu ti.
b) Khi s c my bin p t ngu B1(hoc B2).
Khi B1s c th F1 ngng. Trng hp ny kim tra qu ti ca
B2:
Kim tra iu kin : Kqtsc. .SB1m STmax SB3
( 1,4.0,5.360 =252 >341,463 - 117,647=223,816 MVA tho mn
iu kin )
- Cng sut ti ln trung p:
SCT-B2 = STmax- SB3 = 341,463 - 117,647 = 223,816 MVA
- Cng sut qua cun h ca B2:
SCH-B2 = SFm- SUf - Stdmax/4 =
= 117,647 - 14,823 - 4,235/4 = 101,765 MVA
- Cng sut ti ln pha cao p:
SCC-T2 = SCH-B2 - SCT-B2 = 101,765 - 223,816 = - 122,051 MVA

17
n mn hc
Nguyn Dip
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
Nh vy khi s c B1, m bo cho ph ti trung p cc i
phi ly cng sut t thanh gp h thng sang thanh gp 110 kV
mt lng 122,051 MVA. Khi lng cng sut nh my cp cho pha
cao cn thiu l:
Sthiu=SVHT - SB 4 - SCC-B2 =
= 110,1 - 117,647 - (-122,051) = 114,504 MVA<
SdtHT=200 MVA
Lng thiu ny nh hn d tr quay ca h thngnn B2 cng
khng b qu ti.
II.Phng n II (hnh 2-2).
1. Chn my bin p.
-Hai my bin p B3 v B4 c chn theo s b .Do hai my
bin p ny cng ni vi thanh gp in p 110 KV nn c chn
ging nhau v chn ging my bin p B3 phng n I l my bin
p loi : T-125-121/13,8 c cc thng s k thut nh bng 3-2
(phng n I ).
-Hai my bin p t ngu B1 v B2 c chn tng t nh phng
n I
Cng sut nh mc ca cc my bin p t ngu B1, B2 c
chn theo iu kin sau: SB1m = SB2m
1
SFm
Do : SB1m = SB2m 0,5 117 ,647 235,294 MVA

Ta chn my bin p c k hiu: ATTH-250 c cc thng s k
thut nh sau :
Sm
Um (KV)
UN%(*)
P0
C-H
(KW)
C-H
(MVA)
UC
UT
UH
C-T
T-H
PN%
C-T
C-H
T-H

18
I0(
Gi
%)
(106)
n mn hc
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
250
230
121
Nguyn Dip
13,8
11
32
20
120
52
0,
10000
2. Phn phi cng sut cho cc my bin p.

m bo kinh t v thun tin trong vn hnh, cc my pht
F3,F4 cho lm vic vi th ph ti bng phng sut c nm.
-Do cng sut ti qua mi my bin p B3,B4 l:
SB3 = SB4 = SFm = 117,647 MVA
- Ph ti qua cc my bin p t ngu T1v T2 c tnh nh sau :
Ph ti truyn ln pha cao p ca mi my bin p t ngu l :
SCC B1 SCC B2
1
SVHT (t)
2
Ph ti truyn ln pha trung p ca mi my bin p t ngu l

:
SCT B1 SCT B 2
1
SCT ( t ) SB3 SB4
2
Ph ti pha h p ca mi my bin p t ngu l :

SCH B1 SCH B 2 SCC B1 SCT B1 SCC B 2 SCT B 2
Da vo bng 1-5 tnh chng I v cc cng thc trn ta

tnh c ph ti cho tng thi im , kt qu ghi trong bng 3-5
Bng 3-5
t (h)
SB1=S
05
58
811
1114 1417 1720 2022 2224
117,6
117,6
117,6
117,6
117,6
117,6
117,6
117,6
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
SCT(t)
18,93
36,01
36,01
36,01
36,01
36,01
53,08
18,93
SCC(t)
8
43,76
2
49,4
2
72,10
2
72,10
2
72,10
2
71,28
5
55,05
8
42,94
SCH(t)
8
62,71
85,41
6
108,1
6
108,1
6
108,1
3
107,2
108,1
5
61,88
B2

19
n mn hc
Nguyn Dip
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
Du - chng t cng sut i t pha thanh gp h thng
220KV sang thanh gp 110KV b xung lng cng sut thiu pha
110KV.
Qua bng phn b cng sut 3-5 thy rng:
SCCmax = 72,106 MVA < SB1,B2m=250 MVA
SCTmax = 53,085 MVA < SM = .SB1m = 125 MVA
SCHmax = 108,13 MVA < SM = 125 MVA
Nh vy cc my bin p chn khng b qu ti khi lm vic
bnh thng.
3. Kim tra cc my bin p khi b s c.
Cng coi s c nguy him nht l xy ra khi ph ti trung p cc
i. i vi cc b my pht in - my bin p hai cun dy khng
cn kim tra qu ti v cng sut nh mc ca cc my bin p
ny c chn theo cng sut nh mc ca my pht in. Do
vic kim tra qu ti ch tin hnh vi cc my bin p t ngu.
a) Khi s c b F3-B3 (hoc F4-B4).
Kim tra iu kin : 2.Kqtsc. .SB1m STmax
( 2.1,4.0,5.250 =350 > 341,463 MVA tho mn iu kin )
Khi cng sut ti ln cc pha qua mi my bin p t ngu c
xc nh nh sau:
- Pha trung p:
SCT-B1 = SCT-B2 =
1
(
2
STmax - SB4)=
1
(341,463
2
- 117,647) =
111,908 MVA
- Cng sut qua cun h:
SCH-B1 = SCH-B2 = SFm - SUf/2 - Std/4 = 109,178 MVA
- Cng sut pht ln pha cao:
SCC-B1 = SCC-B2 = SCH-B1- SCT-B1 = 109,178 - 111,908 = - 2,73 MVA

20
n mn hc
Nguyn Dip
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
Khi ph ti h thng thiu mt lng cng sut l:
Sthiu = SVHT - (SCC-B1 + SCC-B2) = 110,1 - 2.(- 2,73) = 115,562 MVA
Lng cng sut thiu ny nh hn d tr quay ca h thng
=200MVA.
Qua trn thy rng khi s c b F3- B3 th cc my bin p t
ngu B1,B2 khng b qu ti.
b) Khi s c t ngu B1 (hoc B2).
Khi B1 b s c th F1 ngng, ta kim tra qu ti ca B2.
Kim tra iu kin : Kqtsc. .SB1m STmax - 2.SB3
(1,4.0,5.250 =175 >341,463 -2.117,647=106,169 MVA tho mn
iu kin )
Cng sut ti qua cc pha ca B2 nh sau:
-
Pha trung p:
SCT-B2 = STmax - (SB3 + SB4) = 341,463 - 2.117,647 = 106,169
MVA
- Pha h p:
SCH-B2 = SFm - SUf - Std/4 = 101,765 MVA
-
Pha cao p:
SCC-B2 = SCH-B2 - SCT-B2 = 106,169 - 101,765 = - 4,404 MVA
Ph ti h thng b thiu mt lng cng sut l:
Sthiu = SVHT -
SCC-B2 = 110,1 + 4,404= 114,504 MVA<
SdtHT=200MVA
Lng ny nh hn d tr quay ca h thng.
Do trong trng hp ny B2 cng khng b qu ti.
Tm li: Cc my bin p chn u tho mn cc yu cu k
thut khi lm vic bnh thng v khi s c.
3-2 Tnh ton tn tht in nng.

21
n mn hc
Nguyn Dip
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
Tnh ton tn tht in nng l mt vn khng th thiu
c trong vic nh gi mt phng n v kinh t v k thut.
Trong nh my in tn tht in nng ch yu gy nn bi
cc my bin p tng p.
I. Phng n I (Hnh 2-1).
tnh ton tn tht in nng trong cc my bin p ta da
vo bng phn b cng sut ca my bin p cho bng 3-4
1. Tn tht in nng hng nm ca my bin p B3.
A B3
Cng thc tnh ton:
S2B3
P0 .T PN . 2 .T
SB3dm
Trong : T: l thi gian lm vic ca my bin p, T= 8760h.

SB3: ph ti ca my bin theo thi gian v c ly theo
th ph ti hng ngy.
Ta c B3 l my bin p ba pha hai cun dy loi T-125121/13,8 c :
P0 = 100 kW, PN = 400 kW, SB3 = 117,647 MVA = hng s.
Suy ra : AB3
117 ,647 2
.8760 = 3979,9 MWh.
= 0,1. 8760 + 0,4 .
1252
2.Tn tht in nng hng nm ca my bin p B4.

Tng t nh tnh AB3, B4 l my bin p ba pha hai cun dy
loi T -125-242/13,8 c:
P0 = 115kW; PN = 380kW; SB4 = 117,647 MVA = hng s .
Suy ra : AB4
117 ,647 2
.8760 = 3956,1
= 0,115. 8760 + 0,38 .
125 2
MWh.
3.Tn tht in nng hng nm trong my bin p t ngu.
tnh tn tht in nng trong my bin p t ngu ta coi
my bin p t ngu nh my bin p ba cun dy. Khi cun ni

22
n mn hc
Nguyn Dip
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
tip, cun chung v cun h ca my bin p t ngu tng ng vi
cun cao, cun trung v cun h ca my bin p ba dy cun. Tn
tht cng sut trong cc cun c tnh nh sau:
PNC 0,5.(PNCT
PNCH PNT H
)
2
PNT 0,5.(PNCT
PNT H PNCH
)
2
PNH 0,5.(PNCT
PNC H PNT H
)
2
My bin p t ngu mt pha loi : AOTH-120-
242 121
/
/ 13,8 c
3
3
P0=210 kW v PNC-T =345 kW , PNC-H = 220 MW, PNT-H = 235

MW
T ta tnh c :
PNC 0,5.(0,345
0,22 0,235
) 0,1425 MW
0,5 2
PNT 0,5.(0,345
0,235 0,22
) 0,2025 MW
0,5 2
PNC 0,5.(0,345
0,22 0,235
) 0,7375 MW
0,52
T cc kt qu bng 3-4 v cng thc tnh trn ta c cng thc

tnh tn tht in nng ca my bin p t ngu 3 pha c t hp
t 3 my bin p mt pha nh sau :
AB1=AB2 3.P0 .T
365 24
. (PNC .SiC2 .t i PNT .SiT2 .t i PNH .SiH2 t i )
2
3.SBdm i 1
y: SiC , SiT , SiH l ph ti pha cao p , trung p v h p ca

mi
my bin p t ngu ti thi im t i ghi trong bng
3-4 tnh trn .

T = 8760 h.
PN , Po , SBm : l ca mt my bin p mt pha.

23
n mn hc
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
Vit gn li:
Nguyn Dip
24
SiC.ti=
(-15,056)2.5
i 1
(-9,423)2.3
13,2832.3+13,2832.3+13,2832.3+
+ 12,4592.3 +(-3,774)2.2 +(-15,879)2.2=3986,19
MVA2.h
24
SiT.ti=77,7622.5+94,8352.3+94,8352.3 +94,8352.3 +94,8352.3

i 1
+94,8352.3
+ 111,912. 2 + 77,7622.2 = 202281,4 MVA2.h
24
SiH.ti= 62,7062.5 + 85,4122.3 + 108,1182.3+ 108,1182.3+

i 1
108,1182.3 +
+ 107,2942.3+ 108,1352.2+ 61,8832.2 = 212332,7
MVA2.h
Do :
AB1=AB2=
=3.0,21.8760+
365
3.360 2
[0,1425.3986,19+0,2025.202281,4+0,7375.212332,7]
= 5704 MWh
Nh vy tng tn tht in nng trong cc my bin p ca phng n I l:
A = AB1+AB2+AB3+AB4 =
= 2.5704 + 3956,1 + 3979,9 = 19345,6 MWh
II-Phng n II (hnh 2-2).
1. Tn tht in nng hng nm ca cc my bin p B3 v B4.
Theo cng thc nh phng n I :

24
n mn hc
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
Nguyn Dip
S2B3,B 4
AB3 = AB4= P0 .T PN . 2
.T
S B3dm
My bin p B3 v B4 chn l my bin p kiu T-125121/13,8 c thng s nh bng 3-2 do tn tht in nng ca
my bin p B3 v B4 phng n ny bng nhau v ng bng tn
tht trong my bin p B3 phng n I trn:
AB3 = AB4 = 3979,9 MWh
2. Tnh tn tht in nng hng nm ca my bin p t ngu B1
v B2.
Tng t ta phng n I, ta c:
My bin p t ngu 3 pha : ATTH-250-230/121/13,8 c
P0=120 kW v PNC-T =520 kW , PNC-H = PNT-H =PNC-T/2=260 MW
v da vo bng 3-5
T ta tnh c :
PNC 0,5.(0,52
0,26 0,26
) 0,26 MW
0,52
PNT 0,5.(0,52
0,26 0,26
) 0,26 MW
0,52
PNH 0,5.( 0,52
0,26 0,26
) 0,78 MW
0,52
AB1= AB2 P0 .T
365 24
. (PNC .SiC2 .t i PNT .SiT2 .t i PNH .SiH2 t i )
2
SB!dm i1
Vit gn li:
24
SiC.ti=
i 1
43,7682.5
49,42.3
72,1062.3+72,1062.3+72,1062.3+
+ 71,2832.3 +55,12.2 +42,92.2= 88685,9 MVA2.h

25
n mn hc
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
Nguyn Dip
24
SiT.ti=18,942.5+36,0122.3+36,0122.3 +36,0122.3 +36,0122.3

i 1
+36,0122.3
+ 53,0852. 2 + 18,942.2 = 27599,53 MVA2.h
24
SiH.ti= 62,7062.5 + 85,4122.3 + 108,1182.3+ 108,1182.3+

i 1
108,1182.3 +
+ 107,2942.3+ 108,1352.2+ 61,8832.2 = 212332,7
MVA2.h
Suy ra:
AB1 = AB2 =
=0,12.8760+
365
[0,26.88685,9+0,26.27599,53+0,78.21233
250 2
2,7]
=2194,985 MWh
T cc kt qu tnh ton tn tht in nng trong cc my bin
p trn ta c tng tn tht in nng trong cc my bin p phng n II l :
A = AB1 + AB2 + AB3 + AB4 =2AB1 + 2AB3 =
=2.2194,985 + 2.3979,9 = 12349,8 MWh.
Bng so snh tn tht in nng gia hai phng n:
Bng 3-6:
Tn tht in
nng
Phng n I
Phng n II
A(MWh)
19345,6
12349,8

26
n mn hc
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
Nguyn Dip
Chng IV
Tnh ton kt-kt Chn phng n ti u
Vic quyt nh bt k mt phng n no cng u phi da
trn c s so snh v mt kinh t v k thut, ni khc i l da
trn nguyn tc m bo cung cp in v kinh t quyt
nh s ni dy chnh cho nh my in.
Trn thc t vn u t vo thit b phn phi ch yu ph
thuc vo vn u t my bin p v cc mch thit b phn phi.
Nhng vn u t ca cc mch thit b phn phi ch yu ph thuc
vo my ct, v vy chn cc mch thit b phn phi cho
tng phng n phi chn cc my ct.Trong tnh ton ch tiu kinh
t-k thut ta ch cn chn s b cc my ct.
4-1. Chn s b my ct ca cc phng n.
I-Xc nh dng in lm vic cng bc ca cc mch.
1-Phng n I (Hnh 2-1).
a) Cp in p v h thng 220 KV.
- Mch ng dy ni vi h thng: Ph ti cc i ca h thng
l SVHTmax = 144,21 MVA . V vy dng in lm vic cng bc ca

27
n mn hc
Nguyn Dip
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
mch ng dy c tnh vi iu kin mt ng dy b t . Khi
I lvcb
SVHT max 144,21
0,3785 KA
3U dm
3.220
-Mch my bin p ba pha 2 cun dy B4 : Dng in lm vic

cng bc c xc nh theo dng in cng bc ca my pht in.
I lvcb
1,05.SFdm 1,05.117 ,647
0,324 KA
3U dm
3.220
-Mch my bin p t ngu B3(B4) :

Khi lm vic bnh thng th dng cng bc ca mch ny l :
I lvcb
SCC max
13,283
0,035 KA
3U dm
3.220
Khi s c b bn trung th dng cng bc l

I lvcb
SCC
61,555
0,1615 KA
3U dm
3.220
Khi s c mt my bin p t ngu th dng cng bc l

I lvcb
SCC
122,051
0,32 KA
3U dm
3.220
Nh vy dng in lm vic ln nht cp in p 220 kV ca phng n I ny l :

Icbcao = 0,3785 KA
b) Cp in p trung 110 kV.
-Mch ng dy : Ph ti trung p c cp bi 2 ng dy kp
*80MW ,
4 n*50MW, ta c :
Dng in lm vic cng bc l :
I lvcb
kep
Pmax
80
2.I lv
0,512 KA
cos . 3.U dm 0,82. 3.110
-Mch my bin p ba pha hai cun dy :

28
n mn hc
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
I lvcb
Nguyn Dip
1,05.SFdm 1,05.117 ,647
0,6484 KA
3U dm
3.110
-Mch my bin p t ngu :

I lvcb
SCT max
111,91
0,587 KA
3U dm
3.110

I lvcb
SCT
170,732
0,896 KA
3U dm
3.110

I lvcb
SCT
223,816
1,175 KA
3U dm
3.110
Vy dng in lm vic cng bc ln nht pha 220 kV c ly

l :
Icbtrung = 1,175 KA
c) Cp in p 13,8 kV.
Dng in lm vic cng bc mch ny chnh l dng in
lm vic cng bc ca my pht in nn ta c :
I lvcb
1,05.SFdm 1,05.117 ,647
5,168 KA
3U dm
3.13,8
Bng kt qu tnh ton dng in lm vic cng bc cu phng n I l :

Bng 4-1
Cp in
220 kV
110 kV
13,8 kV
p
Icb (kA)
0,3785
1,175
5,168
2-Phng n II (Hnh 2-2).

a) Cp in p 220 kV.

29
n mn hc
Nguyn Dip
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
-Mch ng dy cng nh phng n I ta c : I lvcb = 0,3785
KA
I lvcb
SCC max
72,106
0,189 KA
3U dm
3.220

I lvcb
SCC
4,404
0,012 KA
3U dm
3.220
Vy dng in lm vic cng bc ln nht cp in p 220 kV

ca phng n II l :
Icbcao = 0,3785 KA
b) Cp in p 110 kV.
-Mch ng dy tng t nh phng n I ta c :
Ilvcb = 0,512 KA
-Mch my bin p ba pha hai cun dy nh phng n I ta c: Ilvcb

= 0,6484 KA
I lvcb
SCT max
53,085
0,279 KA
3U dm
3.110

I lvcb
SCT
111,908
0,5873 KA
3U dm
3.110

I lvcb
SCT
106,169
0,5572 KA
3U dm
3.110
Nh vy dng in lm vic cng bc ln nht cp in p 110

kV l:
Ilvcb = 0,6484 KA
c) Cp in p 13,8 kV.

30
n mn hc
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
Tng t nh phng n I ta c :
Nguyn Dip
Ilvcb = 5,168 KA
Bng kt qu tnh ton dng in lm vic cng bc ca phng

n II l :
Bng 4-2
Cp in
220 kV
110 kV
13,8 kV
p
Icb (kA)
0,3785
0,6484
5,168
II-Chn my ct cho cc phng n.

Cc my ct kh SF6 vi u im gn nh, lm vic tin cy nn
c dng kh ph bin. Tuy nhin cc my ct loi ny c nhc im
l gi thnh cao, vic thay th sa cha thit b kh khn.
Vi nh my thit k u dng cc my ct kh SF6 c ba cp
in p.Ta chn s b my ct theo iu kin sau:
UmMC Uli
ImMC Icbmax
Cc thng s k thut ca my ct cho bng 4-3.
Bng 4-3
Phng n
Cp
Dng
in
Ilvcb
Loi
Ict
Il
(KA)
my
(KV)
(KA)
(KA)
(KA)
220
110
13,8
0,3785
1,175
5,186
3AQ1
3AQ1
8BK4
245
145
17,5
4
4
12,5
40
40
80
100
100
225
220
110
13,8
0,3785
0,6484
5,186
1
3AQ1
3AQ1
8BK4
245
145
17,5
4
4
12,5
40
40
80
100
100
225
(KV)
II
i lng nh mc
ct
4-2. So snh ch tiu kinh t gia cc phng n.

31
n mn hc
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
*Vn u t cho mt phng n l :
Nguyn Dip
V = VB + VTBPP
Trong : Vn u t cho my bin p : VB = ki. vBi

ki=1,4 : H s tnh n chuyn tr v
xy lp.
vBi: Tin mua my bin p.
Vn u t cho my ct:
V TBPP = (nC.vC + nT.vT +

nH.vH)
nC,nT,nH : S mch phn phi.

vC,vT,vH :Gi tin mi mch phn phi.
*Ph tn vn hnh hng nm ca mt phng n c xc nh nh
sau:
P = Pkh + PA
Trong :
Pkh =
a.Vi 8,4.Vi
: Khu hao hng nm v vn v sa cha

100
100
ln .
a=8,4: nh mc khu hao (%).
PA = .A : Chi ph do tn tht hng nm gy ra.
: l gi 1 kWh in nng ( = 400 ng /kWh)
A : l tn tht in nng hng nm
I.Phng n I.
1. Chn s ni in.
Pha 220 kV : Dng s h thng hai thanh gp.
Pha 110 kV : Dng s h thng hai thanh gp c thanh gp
ng vng v s nhnh vo ra nhiu.
Pha 13,8 kV : Khng dng thanh gp in p my pht v
ph ti in p my pht chim khng qu 15% cng sut b.
S ni in phng n 1:(hnh 4-1)

32
n mn hc
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
Nguyn Dip
220 kV
110kV
B4
F4
B3
B2
B1
F1
F2
F3
2.Tnh hm chi ph tnh ton.

a) Vn u t.
Vn u t cho my bin p : Phng n I dng 3 loi my bin
p l :
- Hai t hp ca 3 my bin p t ngu mt pha kiu AOTH 120
Vi gi tin : 161.103 R/1 pha(1R = 40.103 ng) nn gi tin
ca c 3 pha l 3.161.103.40.103 = 19,32.109 ng v
- Mt my bin p 3 pha hai cun dy loi T-125 - 242/13,8
Vi gi tin : 162.103.40.103 = 6,48.109 ng v k = 1,4.
- Mt my bin p 3 pha hai cun dy loi T-125 - 121/13,8

33
n mn hc
Nguyn Dip
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
Vi gi tin : 128.103.40.103 = 5,12.109 ng v k = 1,4.
Nh vy tng vn u t cho my bin p ca phng n I l :
VB1 = 2.1,4.19,32.109 + 1,4.6,84.109 + 1,4.5,12.109 =
= 70,336.109 ng.
Vn u t cho thit b phn phi:
T s hnh 4-1 ta nhn thy :
Cp in p 220 kV gm c 4 mch my ct kiu 3AQ1 gi tin
mt mch l : 71,5.103.40.103 = 2,86.109 / mch .
Vy gi 4 mch my ct kiu 3AQ1 l : 4.2,86.10 9 = 11,44.109
ng
mt mch l 31.103.40.103 = 1,24.109 / mch .
Vy gi tin 5 mch my ct 3AQ1 l : 5.1,24.10 9 = 6,2.109
ng
Cp in p 13,8 kV gm c 2 mch my ct ,gi tin mt mch
l 15.103.40.103= 0,6.109 / mch .
Vy gi tin ca 2 mch my ct l : 2.0,6.109 = 1,2.109 ng
Tng vn u t cho thit b phn phi l :
VTBPP1 = 11,44.109 + 6,2.109 + 1,2.109 = 18,84.109 ng
T tnh c tng vn u t ca phng n I l:
V = VB1 + VTBPP1 = 70,336.109 + 18,84.109 = 89,176.109
ng
b) Tnh ph tn vn hnh hng nm .
*Khu hao hng nm v vn u t v sa cha ln:
Pkh
1
a B %.VB1 a TBPP %.VTBPP1 8,4 .V
100
100
Suy ra: P kh
8,4
.89,176.109 7,49.109 ng
100
*Chi ph do tn tht in nng hng nm:

34
n mn hc
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
Nguyn Dip
PA= .A1 = 400.19345,6.103 = 7,738.109 ng

Nh vy ph tn vn hnh hng nm l:
P1 = Pkh + PA = 7,49.109 + 7,738.109 =15,22.109 ng
II-Phng n II.
1. Chn s ni in.
Tng t nh phng n I cp in p 220kV ta dng s h
thng 2 thanh gp . Cp in p 110 kV dng h thng hai thanh
gp c thanh gp vng nh s hnh 4-2 .
S ni in phng n 2:
220 kV
110kV
B1
B1
F1
B3
B2
F2
F3
Hnh 4-2
B4
F4
2. Tnh ton hm chi ph tnh ton.

a) Vn u t.

35
n mn hc
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
Vn u t cho my bin p:
Nguyn Dip
Phng n ny gm c :
- Hai t hp my bin p t ngu 3 pha kiu : ATTH-250 vi
gi tin : 250.103.40.103=10.109 ng /3 pha
- Hai my bin p 3 pha hai cun dy kiu : T-125-121/13,8
gi 5,12.109 ng vi k = 1,4
Nh vy tng vn u t cho my bin p l :
VB = 2.1,4.10.109 + 2.1,4.5,12.109 = 42,336.109 ng
Vn u t cho thit b phn phi :
T s 4-2 ta nhn thy :
mt mch l 2,86.109 / mch
Vy gi 3 mch my ct kiu 3AQ1 l : 3.2,86.10 9 = 8,58.109
mt mch l 1,24.109 / mch
Vy gi tin 6 mch my ct 3AQ1 l : 6.1,24.10 9 = 7,44.109
Cp in p 13,8 kV gm c 2 mch my ct, gi tin ca 2
mch my ct l : 1,2.109
Tng vn u t cho thit b phn phi l :
VTBPP2 = 8,58.109 + 7,44.109 + 1,2.109 = 17,22.109
T tnh c tng vn u t ca phng n I l:
V2 = VB2 + VTBPP2 = 42,336.109 + 17,22.109 = 59,556.109
ng
b) Tnh ph tn vn hnh hng nm.
* Chi ph do tn tht in nng :
T cng thc tnh nu trn v tn tht in nng A a
P A = .A2 = 400.12349,77.103 =
tnh c chng III ta c :

4,94.109 ng

36
n mn hc
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
* Khu hao hng nm :
P kh
Nguyn Dip
8,4
8,4
.V
.59,556 5.10 9 ng
100
100
Vy ph tn vn hnh hng nm l :
P2 = Pkh + PA = 5.109 + 4,94.109 = 9,94.109 ng
Bng kt qu tnh ton kinh t ca hai phng n bng 44:
Bng 4-4
Phng
Vn u t V
Ph tn vn
( x109 )
hnh P
89,176
59,556
( x109 )
15,22
9,94
I
II
Qua trn ta chn phng n II l phng n ti u cho bn n

thit k ny do
VII < VI v PII < PI

37
n mn hc
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
Nguyn Dip
Chng V
TNH TON DNG IN NGN MCH
Mc ch ca vic tnh ton ngn mch l chn cc kh c
in v dy dn, thanh dn ca nh my in theo cc iu kin
m bo v n nh ng v n nh nhit khi c ngn mch.
Dng in ngn mch tnh ton l dng in ngn mch ba pha.
tnh ton dng in ngn mch ta dng phng php gn
ng vi khi nim in p trung bnh v chn in p c bn
bng in p nh mc trung bnh ca mng.
Chn cc lng c bn:
Cng sut c bn: Scb =100MVA;
Cc in p c bn: Ucb1 = 230 kV; Ucb2 =115 kV; Ucb3
=10,5 kV
5-1. Tnh cc in khng trong h n v tng i c bn.
1. in khng ca h thng in .
Nhim v thit k cho in khng tng i ca h thng
th t thun ca h thng l X HT = 1,13 v cng sut nh mc ca
h thng
SHTm =2800 MVA. Do in khng ca h thng qui i v
c bn l:
XHT = XHT.
Scb
100
1,13.
0,04
S HTdm
2800
2. in khng ca nh my pht in.

38
n mn hc
Nguyn Dip
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
Cc my pht in c in khng siu qu dc trc l X d
=0,21. Do in khng qui i v lng c bn l:
XF = Xd.
Scb
100
0,21.
0,179
SFdm
117 ,647
3. in khng ca ng dy 220kV
Theo nhim v thit k, nh my c ni vi h thng qua hai
ng dy cao p 220kV c chiu di 150km. C X0 = 0,4 /km
Tr s in khng qui i v lng c bn l:
XD = X0 .l.
Scb
150 100
0
,
4
.
.
0,057
U cb2 1
2 230 2
4. in khng ca my bin p 3 pha 2 cun dy.

Loi - 125-121/13,8
XB3 = XB4 =
U N % Scb
10,5 100
.
0,084
100 SB3dm 100 125
5. in khng ca my bin p t ngu.

Nh ch to cho in p ngn mch gia cc pha in
p ca my bin p t ngu. T ta c:
UNC% = 0,5.( UNC-T + UNC-H - UNT-H ) = 0,5.( 11 + 32 - 20 ) =
11,5
UNT% = 0,5.( UNC-T + UNT-H - UNC-H ) = 0,5.( 11 + 20 - 32 ) =
-0,5 0
UNH% = 0,5.( - UNC-T + UNC-H + UNT-H ) = 0,5.( -11 + 32 + 20 ) =
20,5
T y tnh c in khng qui i ca my bin p t ngu
ba pha v lng c bn:
XC =
U NC % Scb
11,5 100
.
.
=
= 0,046
100 SBdm
100 250

39
n mn hc
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
XT = 0
XH =
Nguyn Dip
U NH % Scb
20,5 100
.
.
=
=
100 SBdm 100 250
0,082
5-2. Tnh ton dng in ngn mch.

1.S ni in (Hnh 5-1).
ht
n1
n2
b1
b3
b2
b4
n3'
n3
f1
n4
f2
f3
f4
Hnh 5-1
2.S thay th (Hnh
HT 5-2)
XHT
XD
N1
XC
XC
XH
XH
XF
N3
N3
N2
N4
XF
XB3
XB4
XF
XF

F1
F2 40
Hnh 5-2
F3
F4
n mn hc
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
Nguyn Dip
3.Tnh ton ngn mch

chn kh c in cho mch 220 kV,ta chn dim ngn mch
N1 vi ngun cung cp l ton b h thng v cc my pht in. i
vi mch 110kV,im ngn mch tnh ton l N2 vi ngun cung cp
gm ton b cc my pht v h thng.Tuy nhin vi mch my pht
in cn tnh ton hai im ngn mch l N3 v N3. im ngn
mch N3 c ngun cung cp l ton b cc my pht(tr my pht F2)
v h thng . im ngn mch N3 c ngun cung cp ch c my
pht F2. So snh tr s ca dng in ngn mch ti hai im ny
v chn kh c in theo dng in c tr s ln hn. chn
thit b cho mach t dng ta c im ngn mch tnh ton N4.
Ngun cung cp cho im ngn mch N4 gm ton b cc my pht
v h thng in. Dng ngn mch ti N4 c th xc nh theo
dng ngnmch ti N3 v N3
a) Ngn mch imHT
N1
S tnh ton im ngn mch N1(Hnh 5-3):
X1
X2
X5
X3
X6
X4
X7
N
1
X8
X10
X9
X11
Thit k phnF1
in nh my in v
trm bin p
F3
F2
F4
41
Hnh 5-3
n mn hc
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
Nguyn Dip
T s hnh 5-2 ta c s thay th tnh ton im ngn

mch N1 nh hnh 5-3 c cc thng s nh sau :
X1 = XHT + XD = 0,04 + 0,057 = 0,097
X2 = X5 = XC = 0,046
X3 = X6 = XH = 0,082
X4 = X7 = X9 = X11 = XF = 0,179
X8 = X10 = XB3,B4 = 0,084
Bng cch ghp ni tip v song song cc in khng ta c
hnh 5-4:
X12 =
X13 =
HT
X 9 X10 X11 0,084 0,179
0,1315
2 X 8 X 9
2
(X 2 .X 5 ) 0,046
0,023
X2 X5
2
X1
N1 X
13
X14
X12
F12
F34
Hnh 5-
X14
4
X 3 X 4 X 6 X 7 0,082 0,179 0,1305
=
X 3 X 4 .2
2
Ghp song song F1,F2 vi F3,F4 ri ni tip vi X 13 ta c

42
n mn hc
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
Nguyn Dip
X12 .X14
0,1315.0,1305
0,0655
X12 X14 0,1315 0,1305
X15 =
X16 = X13 + X15 = 0,023 + 0,0655 = 0,0885

S hnh 5-5 l s ti gin c hai u cung cp in
cho N1
HT
X1
N1 X16
NM
Hnh 5-5
in khng tnh ton t pha h thng n im ngn mch
N1 l :
X ttHT X1 .
SHTdm
2800
0,097.
2,716
Scb
100
Tra ng cong tnh ton ca nh my thu in ti t= 0 ses v

t=
I*" = 0,37
I* = 0,41
i ra h n v c tn ta c :
I"
I* "
=
S HTdm
3U tb 1
0,37.
2800
3.23
KA
I = I*
SHTdm
2800
0,41.
2,88 KA
3U tb1
3.230
in khng tnh ton t pha nh my n im ngn mch

N1 l :
X ttNM X16 .
SFdm
470,588
0,0885.
0,416
Scb
100
Vi SFm = 4SFm = 4.117,647 = 470,588 MVA

Tra ng cong tnh ton ca thu in ta c :
I* = 2,5
I* = 2,7

43
n mn hc
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
i ra h n v c tn ta c
Nguyn Dip
I"
=
S Fdm
3U cb1
I* "
2,5.
470,58
3.23
KA
I = I *
S Fdm
470,588
2,7.
3,19 KA
3U cb1
3.230
Nh vy tr s dng in ngn mch tng ti im N1 l :

- Dng ngn mch siu qu :
- Dng ngn mch duy tr:
IN1" = 2,6 + 2,95 = 5,55 KA

IN1 = 2,88 + 3,19 = 6,07 KA
- Dng in xung kch :
ixkN1 =
2 .kxk.IN1"
2 .1,8.5,55
14,12 KA
b) im ngn mch N2
tnh ton im ngn mch N2 c th li dng kt qu khi
tnh ton ,bin i s ca im N1 trn. T hnh 5-3 ta c:
HT
X1
N2
X13
X14
X12
F12
F34
Hnh 5-6
Cng nh i vi im N1 ta cng ghp F1,F2 v F3,F4 ta c s
hnh 5-7
HT
N2 X16
X15
NM
Hnh 5-7
X15 = X1 + X13 = 0,097 + 0,023 = 0,12

44
n mn hc
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
X16 =
Nguyn Dip
X12 .X14
0,1315.0,1305
0,0655
X12 X14 0,1315 0,1305

N2 l :
X ttHT X15 .
SHTdm
2800
0,12.
3,36
Scb
100
V XttHT > 3 nn p dng cng thc tnh : I *" = I* =

1
1
0,2976
X ttHT 3,36
I"
I* "
S HTdm
3U cb 2
280
3.1
0, 2976.
KA
N2 l :
X ttNM X16 .
SFdm
470,588
0,0655.
0,31
Scb
100
Tra ng cong tnh ton ca thu in ta c : I* = 3,8
I* = 3,2
I"
I* "
=
S Fdm
3U cb
3,8.
470,5
3.1
KA
I = I*
SFdm
470,588
3,2.
7,56 KA
3U cb 2
3.115

IN2" = 4,18 + 9 = 13,18 KA

45
n mn hc
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
Nguyn Dip

- Dng in xung kch :
IN2 = 4,18 + 7,56 = 11,74 KA

i xkN2 =
2 .kxk.IN2"
2 .1,8.13,39
34,1 KA
c) im ngn mch N3
Ta bit im ngn mch N3 c cung cp bi h thng v
nh my (tr my pht F2) . Tng cng sut ca nh my cung cp
cho im ngn mch N3 l
SFm = 3SFm = 3.117,647 = 352,94 MVA
T s hnh 5-3 ta c s thay th hnh 5-8
HT
X1
X2
X5
X3
X8
X10
X9
X11
X6
N3
X4
F1
Hnh 5-8
F3
F4
Bin i tng ng ta c s hnh 5-9 nh sau :

HT
X1
X12
X14
X6
NM
N3
Hnh 5-9

46
n mn hc
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
Ta c:
X12 =
X13 =
X14=
Nguyn Dip
(X 2 .X 5 ) 0,046
0,023
X 2 X5
2
X 9 X10 X11 0,084 0,179
0,1315
X 8 X 9 .2
2
X 4 .X13
0,082 0,179.0,1315 0,0874
X 3 X 4 X13 0,082 0,179 0,1315

3
Ghp F1 vi F3,F4 ta c s hnh 5-9.

Ta c:
X15 =X1 +X12 =0,097 + ,0,023 = 0,12
Bin i s sao X6 , X14 , X15 thnh s tam gic thiu

X16 , X17 :
X16 = X6 + X15 +
X 6 .X15
0,082.0,12
= 0,082 + 0,12 + 0,0874 = 0,315
X14
X17= X6 + X14 +
X 6 .X14
0,082.0,0874
= 0,082 + 0,0874 +
=
0,12
X15
0,229
HT
X17
X16
NM
Hnh 5-10
N3 l :
X ttHT X16 .
SHTdm
2800
0,315.
8,82
Scb
100
V XttHT > 3 nn p dng cng thc tnh :
I *" = I* =
1
1
0,1134
X ttHT 8,82

47
n mn hc
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
Nguyn Dip
I" = I =
I* "
S HTdm
3U c b 3
280
3.10
0,
1134 .
KA
N3 l :
X ttNM X17 .
3.S Fdm
352,94
0,229.
0,81
Scb
100
Tra ng cong tnh ton ta c :
I* = 1,4
I*
= 1,6
I"
I* "
=
S Fdm
S F 2 dm
3U cb 3
1
, 4.
KA
I = I *
S Fdm
352,94
1,6.
31,05 KA
3U cb 3
3.10,5

IN3" = 17,46 + 27,17 = 44,63
KA
IN3 = 17,46 + 31,05 = 48,51
KA
- Dng in xung kch :
ixkN3 =
2 .kxk.IN3"
2 .1,8.41,718
113,6 KA
d) im ngn mch N3'
im ngn mch N3 chnh l ngn mch u cc my pht
in F2 nn ngun cung cp ch gm c mt my pht F2 v c s
thay th nh hnh 5-11
G2
X7
N3

48 5Hnh
11
n mn hc
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
Nguyn Dip
in khng tnh ton: Xtt = X7 = Xd" = 0,179

- Dng ngn mch siu qu v duy tr:
1
117 ,647
Fdm
.
36,14 KA
IN3" = IN3 = X .
3U cb 3 0,179 3.10,5
tt
- Dng in xung kch :

ixkN3 =
2 .kxk.IN3"
2 .1,9.36,14
= 97,11 KA
(Ngn mch u cc ly kxk =1,9)

e) im ngn mch N4
T s thay th hnh 5-2 ta thy :
IN4 = IN3 + IN3' t ta c :
-Dng ngn mch siu qu :
I"N4 = I"N3 + I"N3' = 44,63 + 36,14 = 80,77 KA
-Dng ngn mch duy tr
IN4 = IN3 + IN3' = 48,51 + 36,14 = 84,65 KA

-Dng in xung kch :
ixkN4 = 205,6 kA
Kt qu tnh ton ngn mch ca phng n :

Bng 5-1
Cp in
im ngn
I"
ixk
mch
(KA)
(KA)
(KA)
( kV )
220
110
N1
N2
N3
N3'
5,55
13,18
44,63
36,14
6,07
11,74
48,51
36,14
14,12
34,1
113,6
97,11

49
n mn hc
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
13,8
Nguyn Dip
N4
80,77
84,65
205,6
4.Chn my ct v dao cch ly

- Ta c tiu chun chn my ct l :
UmMC Umli
ImMC Icbmax
Ictm I
im ixk
- Ta c iu kin chn dao cch ly l :
UmCL Umli
ImCL Icbmax
im ixk
T ta c bng chn my ct v dao cch ly nh sau:

Mc
h
Thng s tnh ton

Um
Icb
I
Ixk
(KA) (KA)
( KV) (KA)
Thng s my ct, dao cch ly

Loi K.hiu Um Im Ict Im
(KV)
(KA)
(KA)
(KA)
Cao
p
220
Trun
g p
110
H
p
13,8
0,387 5,55 14,1 MC

DCL
5
2
3AQ1 245
SGC
245
245/8
00
0,648 13,18 34,1 MC 3AQ1 145
DCL SGCP 123
4
123/8
00
MC
5,186 44,63 113,
8BK41 17,5
6
DCL SGCP
36
36/12
50
4
0,8
40
--
100
80
4
0,8
40
--
100
80
12,
5
12,
5
80
225
--
125

50
n mn hc
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
Nguyn Dip
Chng VI
Chn dy dn v kh c in
6-1.Chn thanh dn cng, thanh dn mm , thanh gp.
1. Chn thanh dn cng u cc my pht.
Thanh dn cng dng ni t my pht ti cun h ca my
bin p t ngu v my bin p ba pha hai cun dy. Tit din ca
thanh dn c chn theo iu kin pht nng lu di.
a) Chn tit din thanh dn .

51
n mn hc
Nguyn Dip
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
Gi thit nhit lu di cho php ca thanh dn bng ng
l cp = 70oC, nhit mi trng xung quanh l 0 = 35oC v nhit
tnh ton nh mc l m = 200C. T ta c h s hiu
chnh theo nhit l :
K hc
cp o
cp dm
70 35
0,837
70 20
Tit din ca thanh dn cng c chn theo dng in lu di cho

php : Ilvcb Icp.Khc
Do ta c : Icp
I lvcb 5,186
6,2 kA
K hc 0,837
Nh vy ta chn thanh dn cng bng ng , c tit din hnh

mng nh hnh 6-1, qut sn v c cc thng s nh bng 6-1:
Bng 6-1
Kch thc (mm)
Tit
M men tr khng
(cm3)
1 thanh
di
h
n
1c
c
M men qun tnh

(cm4)
1 thanh
Wxx
Wyy
thanh
Wyoyo
74
14,7
167
Icp
c 2
Jxx
Jyy
thanh
Jyoyo
560
68
1260
thanh
A
7000
mm
2
150
65
10
178
5
h
y
c
y
y
Thit k phn in nh
my in
v trm bin p
52
Hnh 6-1
n mn hc
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
Nguyn Dip
b) Kim tra n nh nhit khi nhn mch.

Thanh dn chn c dng in cho php Icp > 1000 A nn
khng cn kim tra iu kin n nh nhit khi ngn mch.
c) Kim tra n nh ng.
Ly khong cch gia cc pha l a = 60 cm, khong cch gia hai s
l l = 200 cm.
* Tnh ng sut gia cc pha:
Lc tnh ton tc dng ln thanh dn pha gia trn chiu di
khong vt l:
Ftt = 1,76.10-2.
l
.ixk2
a
= 1,76.10-2.
200
.113,62
60
= 757,1 kG.
( khd = 1 )
M men un tc dng ln chiu di nhp :
Mtt =
Ftt .l
757,1.200
=
= 15142 kG.cm
10
10
V ng sut do lc ng in gia cc phahl :

M tt
15142
tt = W
=
167
yoyo
= 90,67 kG/cm2
vi Wyoyo =167 cm3 l m men chng un ca tit din

ngang thanh dn.
* Xc nh khong cch gia 2 s :

53
c
n mn hc
Nguyn Dip
b y
y0
y
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
Lc tc dng ln 1 cmHnh
chiu6-1
di thanh dn do dng ngn mch
trong cng pha gy ra:
f2 = 0,26.10-2.
1
.ixk2
b
= 0,26.10-2. 6,5
.113,62 = 5,16 kG/cm

ng sut do dng in trong cng pha gy ra :
M2
f 2 .l 22 A-4002
2 = WAO
= TH-267 kG/cm
A12.Wyy
yy
400
iu kin n nh ng ca thanh dn khi khng xt n
3AF2
dao ng l :
cpCu tt + 2
hay 2 cpCu - tt
~
~
~
12.Wyy .( cp Cu tt )
l2 ~
G4
G1
f2
G2
Hnh 5-1
G3
Vi thanh dn ng cpCu = 1400 kG/cm2. Vy khong cch ln
nht gia cc s m thanh dn vn m bo n nh ng l :
l2max
12.14,7.(1400 - 90,67)
= 211,57 cm
5,16
Gi tr ny ln hn khong cch ca khong vt l = 200 cm. Do

khng cn t ming m ti hai u s m thanh dn vn
m bo n nh ng.
2. Chn s thanh dn cng.
S thanh dn cng c chn theo iu kin sau:
Loi s: S t trong nh.
in p: USm Ummg = 13,8 kV
iu kin n nh ng.
Ta chn s O- 20-2000KB.Y3 c: Um = 20 kV ; Fcp = 2000 kG ;
HS = 315 mm
Kim tra n nh ng:
S c chn cn tho mn iu kin : Ftt 0.6 Fph

54
n mn hc
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
trong : Fph- Lc ph hoi cho php ca s.
Nguyn Dip
F tt- Lc ng in t trn u s khi c ngn

mch.
H'
Ftt = Ftt H
s
Vi : Ftt Lc ng in tc ng ln thanh dn khi c ngn

mch
Hs Chiu cao ca s
H Chiu cao t y s n trng tm tit din thanh
dn
Thanh dn chn c chiu cao h = 150 mm.
Do : H= Hs + 0,5.h =315 + 0,5.150 = 390 mm.
Lc ph hoi tnh ton ca s :
Ftt Ftt .
H'
390
757,1
1613,5 kG
0,6H s
0,6.315
Lc ny nh hn lc ph hoi cho php ca s. Vy s chn

hon ton tho mn
Thanh dn
F1
Ftt
H'=390
Hs=315
mm
Hnh
6-2
3. Chn dy dn mm.
Thanh dn mm c dng t u cc pha cao, pha trung ca

my bin p t ngu v cun cao ca my bin p hai cun dy ln

55
n mn hc
Nguyn Dip
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
cc thanh gp 220 kV v 110 kV. Tit din ca thanh gp v thanh
dn mm c chn theo iu kin nhit lu di cho php. Khi
dng in cho php hiu chnh theo nhit l:
Ihccp Ilvcb/Khc
Trong : Ihccp l dng in lm vic lu di cho php ca
dy dn c hiu chnh theo nhit ti ni lp
t.
Ilvcb : dng in lm vic cng bc.
Khc: H s hiu chnh,Khc = 0,837
Cc dy dn mm ny treo ngoi tri, c n nh nhit tng i ln nn ta khng cn kim tra n nh nhit khi ngn
mch.
a) Chn tit din.
T kt qu tnh ton dng in lm vic cng bc chng trc
tnh c dng cho php ( hiu chnh theo nhit ) ca cc cp
in p.
Mch in p 220 kV:
- Dng lm vic cng bc ca dy dn trong mch ny l: I lvcb =
0,3785 kA
Ta phi chn dy dn c :
Icp
I lvcb 0,3785
0,4522 kA
K hc
0,837
Nh vy ta chn loi dy dn AC-400 c S =400 mm 2 v Icp =

835 A.
Mch in p 110 kV:
Dng in lm vic cng bc ca mch: Ilvcb = 0,6484 kA
Ta phi chn dy dn c :

56
n mn hc
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
Icp
Nguyn Dip
I lvcb 0,6484
0,775 kA
K hc
0,837
Nh vy chn dy AC-400 c tit din S = 400 mm 2, Icp =0,835

kA.
b) Kim tra n nh nhit khi ngn mch.
Tit din nh nht dy dn n nh nhit l : Smin =
BN
C
BN : Xung lng nhit ca dng in ngn mch ( A2.s ) .

C : Hng s ph thuc vo vt liu dy dn (
Vi dy dn AC c C = 70
A. s
).
mm
A. s
.
mm
Tnh xung lng nhit :

BN = BNck + BNkck
Gi thit thi gian tn ti ngn mch l 0.5 sec. Khi c th
tnh gn ng xung lng nhit ca thnh phn dng in ngn
mch khng chu k:
BNkck1 = IN12.Ta = ( 5,55.103 )2. 0,05 = 1,54.106 A2.s
BNkck2 = IN22.Ta = ( 13,18.103 )2. 0,05 = 8,68.106 A2.s
Thnh phn xung lng nhit ca thnh phn dng in ngn
mch chu k c xc nh theo phng php gii tch th :
n
BNCK = I tbi.ti
2
i 1
T s thay th tnh ton ngn mch im N1 v N2 (

a v hai bin i ) ca phng n ti u ( phng n 2) ta tnh c
gi tr dng in ngn mch ti N1 v N2 theo thi gian nh sau :
t
( sec )
0,1
0,2
0,5
5,55
5,81
5,55
5,59
Dng in
IN1 ( kA )
IN2 ( kA )
13,18 12,45 11,98 11,74
im N1:
I
tb1
2
I 02 I 0,1
=
2
5,55 2 5,812
= 32,31
2
kA2

57
n mn hc
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
Nguyn Dip
2
2
I 0,1
I 0,2
5,812 5,55 2
=
= 32,31 kA2
2
2
2
2
2
I 0,2
I 0,5
5,55 5,59 2
=
=
= 31,04 kA2
2
2
I2tb2 =
I2tb3
T : BNck1 = 32,31.0,1 + 32,31.0,1 + 31,04.0,3 = 15,77 kA 2.s =

15,77.106 A2.s
Vy xung lng nhit ca dng ngn mch ti im N1 :
BN1 = BNck1 + BNkck1 = 1,54.106 + 15,77.106 = 17,31.106
A2.s
im N2:
2
I 02 I 0,1
13,16 2 12,45 2
I tb1 =
=
= 164,14 kA2
2
2
I2 I2
12,45 2 11,98 2
I2tb2 = 0,1 0,2 =
= 149,29 kA2
2
2
2
2
I
I 0,5
11,98 2 11,74 2
I2tb3 = 0,2
=
= 140,7 kA2
2
2
T : BNck1 = 164,14.0,1 + 149,29.0,1 + 140,7.0,3= 73,56 kA 2.s=
73,56.106 A2.s
Vy xung lng nhit ca dng ngn mch ti im N2 :

BN2 = BNck2 + BNkck2 = 8,68.106 + 73,56.106 = 82,24.106
A2.s
Tit din dy dn nh nht m bo n nh nhit cc cp
in p 220 kV v 110 kV l :
Smin1 =
B N1
C
17,31.10 6
70
= 59,4 mm2 .
Smin2 =
B N2
C
82,24.10 6
70
= 129,55 mm2 .
Vy cc dy dn v thanh gp mm chn u m bo
n nh nhit .
c) Kim tra iu kin vng quang.
Kim tra iu kin vng quang theo cng thc :
a
Uvq Um vi Uvq = 84.m.Rdt.lg( R ) kV

dt

58
n mn hc
Nguyn Dip
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
Trong : Uvq l in p ti hn pht sinh vng quang
m l h s c xt n x x ca b mt dy
dn, ly m = 0,87
a l khong cch gia cc pha ca dy dn, ly a =500 cm
(vi cp 220
kV) v a =300 cm (vi cp 110 kV)
R l bn knh ngoi ca dy dn.

in p 220 kV:
Dy AC- 400 c : I cp = 835 A, d = 26,6 mm t trn mt
phng nm ngang.
Khong cch gia cc pha l a = 500 cm. Khong cch trung
bnh hnh hc atb = 1,26.a = 630 cm.
6300
Uvq = 84.0,87.1,33.lg 13,3 = 260 kV > Um = 220 kV

Nh vy dy dn chn tho mn iu kin vng quang.
Tng t i vi in p 110 kV ta cng thy tho mn.
6-2.Chn cp v khng ng dy.
1.Chn cp cho ph ti 13,8 KV
- Ph ti cp in p 13,8 KV c Pmax =14 MW gm :
+ 2 ng dy cp kp P = 4 MW * 3 km , Cos = 0,85
P
S = Cos = 0,85 4,7 MVA

+ 2 ng dy cp n P = 3 MVA *3 km , Cos = 0,85
P
S = Cos = 0,85 3,53MVA

- Tit din cp c chn theo tiu chun mt dng in kinh
t Jkt
Scp =
I lvbt
J kt
vi
Ilvbt : Dng in lm vic bnh thng
Chn tit din cp n:

Cc ng cp n c S = 3,53 MVA nn dng in lm vic
bnh thng l:

59
n mn hc
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
Ilvbt =
Nguyn Dip
3,53
0,148KA
3.13,8
T th ph ti a phng ta tnh thi gian s dng cng sut

cc i: Tmax=
=
24
P .T
0
Smax
.365 365.
9,8.5 11,2.3 3.12,6.3 12,6.2 14.3 11,2.2

6329,3h
41,86
Tra bng c Tmax = 6329,3 h ta chn cp cch in bng giy c J kt

= 2A/mm2
Tit din cp trong trng hp ny :
Scp =
148
= 74 mm2
2
Tra bng chn loi cp ba li bng ng v nhm cch in bng

giy tm du nha thng v cht do khng chy, v bng ch
S = 95 mm2 ; Um = 13,8 KV
; Icp = 265 A
- Kim tra cp theo iu kin pht nng lu di
K1.K2.Icp Ilvbt
K1 : H s hiu chnh theo nhit
K1 =
70 35
0,837
70 20
K2 : H s hiu chnh theo s cp t song song, vi cp n

c K2=1
0,837.1.265 = 221,8 A > Ilvbt = 148 A
Vy cp chn tho mn iu kin pht nng lu di cho
php
Chn tit din cp kp c S= 4,7 MVA
Dng in lm vic bnh thng qua mi cp :
S
4,7
Ilvbt = 2. 3.U 2. 3.13,8 0,098KA

dm
C Jkt = 2A/mm2
Tit din cp c chn :
Scp =
I lvbt
98
49mm 2
=
J kt
2
Tra bng chn loi cp ba pha li ng cch in bng giy

tm du nha thng v cht do khng chy v bng ch t trong
t ,ta chn cp c Um = 13,8 KV

60
n mn hc
Nguyn Dip
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
S = 70 mm2
, Icp = 215A
Tng t nh trn ta kim tra cp theo iu kin pht nng lu
di
Kqt.K1.K2.Icp Icb = 2.Ilvbt
K1 = 0,837 ; K2 = 0,9 ( Vi 2 cp t song song ) ; Kqt = 1,3
1,3.0,837.0,9.215 = 210 A > 196 A = 2.I lvbt
Vy iu kin pht nng lu di tho mn
Kt lun : Cp chn m bo yu cu k thut
2.Chn khng ng dy.
1 n
3 MVA
2 Kp
8 MVA
1 n
3 MVA
* Xc nh dng cng bc qua khng:

Dng cng bc qua khng c gi thit khi s c 1 khng in.
Lc ny cng sut qua khng cn li l:
Squa K = S -
Ta c:
Cng sut qua
khng
MVA
Bnh thng
S c khng 1
1
2
S n = 16,47 - 3,53 = 12,94 MVA
Khng 1
Khng 2
8,235
0
8,235
12,94

61
n mn hc
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
Nguyn Dip
S c khng 2
12,94
Dng cng bc qua khng l:

IcbK =
S max K
3.U dm
12,94
0,541KA
3.13,8
Tra bng ta chn khng dn PbA-10-600-10 c dng in I mK =

600A
Xc nh XK% ca khng
EHT
XHT
XK
MC1
N4
XC1
MC2
N5
N6
Trong chng tnh ngn mch ta tnh c dng ngn mch ti

im N4
IN4 = 80,77 KA
Vy in khng ca h thng tnh n im ngn mch N4 l:
XHT =
I cb
"
I N4
5,186
= 80,77 0,0642
in khng ca cp 1 l: XC1 = X0.l.
Scb
100
0,08.3.
= 0,218
2 =
10,5 2
U tb
Dng n nh nhit ca cp 1 l :
InhC1 =
S1: Tit din cp 70 mm2

C1: H s cp nhm C1 = 90 As1/2/s
t1 : Thi gian ct ca my ct 1 :
0,7 + 0,3 = 1 sec
InhC1 =
tct
S1 .C1
t1
MC1
= tct
MC2
+ t =
70.90
6300A
1
Dng n nh nhit cp 2 : InhC2 =
S 2 .C 2
70.90
= 0,7 7529,9A
t2

62
n mn hc
Nguyn Dip
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
Ta phi chn c khng c XK% sao cho hn ch c dng ngn
mch nh hn hay bng dng ct nh mc ca my ct chn
ng thi m bo n nh nhit cho cp c tit din chn:
IN5 ( ICm1, InhC1 )
v
IN6 ( ICm2, InhC2 )
Chn my ct u ng dy MC1: Cc my ct u ng dy
c chn cng loi. Dng cng bc qua my ct c tnh ton cho ng dy kp khi 1 ng dy b s c
Icb =
S
=
3.U dm
4,7
0,197 KA
3.13,8
Tra bng chn my ct 8DA10 c:

Um = 15KV
Im = 2500 A
Ict m = 40 KA
Mc ch ca vic chn khng in ng dy l hn ch
dng ngn mch ti h tiu th ti mc c th t c my ct
8DA10 v cp ca li in phn phi c tit din nh nht l 70
mm2 theo yu cu ca u bi.
IN5 ( 40KA; 6,3KA )
IN6 ( 20KA; 7,529KA )
Vy ta chn khng c XK% sao cho ngn mch ti N6 th c dng
ngn mch
IN6 7,529 KA
Khi ngn mch ti N6 th in khng tnh n im ngn mch
l:
I cb 5,186
0,6888
"
I N 6 7,529
M ta c
XK =
= XHT + XK + XC1
- XHT XC1 = 0,6888 0,0642 0,218 = 0,4066
Nn XK% = XK.
I dmK
1000
.100 0,4066.
.100 7,84%
I cb
5186
Vy ta chn khng n dy nhm PbA-10-600-10

XK% = 10% ; Im = 600A ; Um= 13,8 KV

63
n mn hc
Nguyn Dip
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
Kim tra khng va chn
in khng tng i ca khng in va chn
XK = XK%.
I cb
5,186
0,1.
0,864
I dm
0,6
Dng ngn mch ti N5

IN5 =
I cb
5,186
5,59KA Tho mn iu kin:

X HT X K 0,0642 0,864
IN5 Ict m1= 40 KA

IN5 InhC1 = 6,3 KA
Dng ngn mch ti N6
IN6 =
X HT
I cb
5,186
4,6KA
X K X C1 0,0642 0,218 0,864
Tho mn iu kin:
IN6 < ICt m2= 20 KA

IN6 < InhS2 = 7,529 KA
Kt lun: Vy khng chn m bo yu cu
6-3.Chn my bin in p v my bin dng in.
Vic chn my bin in p v my bin dng in ph thuc
vo ti ca n. in p nh mc ca chng phi ph hp vi in p
nh mc ca mng.
1. Cp in p 220 kV.
a) My bin in p:
kim tra cch in v cung cp tn hiu cho h thng bo
v rle, o lng t cc my bin in p trn thanh gp 220 kV.
Thng chn my bin in p mt pha kiu HK -220 - 58Y1 ni
dy theo s Yo/Yo// c cc thng s sau:
in p s cp: Usm = 150000/ 3 V; in p th cp 1: U t1m
= 100/ 3 V
in p th cp 2: Ut2m = 100/3 V
; Cp chnh xc: 0,5
Cng sut nh mc: STUm = 400 VA

b) My bin dng in.

64
n mn hc
Nguyn Dip
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
Cc my bin dng in c i km vi cc mch my ct c
nhim v cung cp tn hiu cho h thng bo v rle. Vi mc
ch d chn my bin in kiu TH - 220-3T c cc thng s
sau:
Dng in s cp: Ism =1200 A ;
Dng in th cp: I tm
=5A
Cp chnh xc : 0,5
Ph ti nh mc: 2
Dng in n nh ng : ildd = 108 kA

My bin dng chn c dng in s cp nh mc ln hn
1000A nn khng cn kim tra iu kin n nh nhit.
2. Cp in p 110 kV.
a) My bin in p:
kim tra cch in v cung cp tn hiu cho h thng bo
v rle, o lng t cc my bin in p trn thanh gp 110 kV.
Thng chn my bin in p mt pha kiu HK -110 57,Y1 ni
dy theo s Yo/Yo// c cc thng s sau:
in p s cp: Usm = 66000/ 3 V
; in p th cp 1: Ut1m =
100/ 3 V
in p th cp 2: Ut2m = 100/3 V
; Cp chnh xc: 0,5
Cng sut nh mc: STUm = 400 VA

b) My bin dng in.
Cc my bin dng in c i km vi cc mch my ct c
nhim v cung cp tn hiu cho h thng bo v rle. Vi mc
ch d chn my bin in kiu TH-110M c cc thng s sau:
Dng in s cp: Ism =2000 A ; Dng in th cp: I tm =
5A
Cp chnh xc : 0,5
; Ph ti nh mc: 0,8
Dng in n nh ng : ildd = 108 kA

65
n mn hc
Nguyn Dip
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
My bin dng chn c dng in s cp nh mc ln hn
1000A nn khng cn kim tra iu kin n nh nhit.
3. Cp in p my pht 15,75 kV.
Mch my pht in
cc bin in p v bin dng in
nhm cung cp cho ccdng c o lng. Theo quy nh bt buc

mch my pht phi c cc phn t o lng sau: ampe k, vn k,
tn s k, cos k, ot k tc dng, ot k phn khng, ot k tc
dng t ghi, cng t tc dng, cng t phn khng. Cc dng c o
c mc nh hnh 6-3.
S ni cc dng c o vo BU v BI
A
W VA
R
VA
Rh
a
b
c
2.HOM15
G
Wh
f
Hnh 6-3
a) Chn my bin in p.
My bin in p c chn phi tho mn iu kin sau :
Sdc STUm vi Sdc =
( Pdc)2 ( Qdc)2

66
n mn hc
Nguyn Dip
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
V ph ti ca bin in p l cc dng c o lng nn dng hai
bin in p mt pha ni dy kiu V/V v c ni vo u cc
ly cc in p dy AB v BC.
Cc dng c o lng s dng qua my bin in p c ghi
bng 6-5.
Bng
6-5
Th
Tn ng h
hiu
Vn k
B2
Ph ti ab
P(W)
Q(Var
7,2
Ph ti bc
P(W)
Q(Var)
Tn s k
344
Ot k tc dng
341
1,8
1,8
Ot k phn
1,8
1,8
khng
Ot k t ghi
342/1
33
8,3
8,3
\\ dng
Cng t tc
0,66
0,66
1,62
Cng t phn
TP
0,66
1,62
0,66
1,62
20,40
3,24
19,72
3,24
khng
Tng cng
6,5
Ph ti ca bin in p ab:
Sab =
20,4 2 3,24 2
= 20,7 VA ;
cosab =
Pab 20,4
0,98
Sab 20,7
Ph ti bin in p bc:
Sbc =
19,72 2 3,24 2
= 19,9 VA ; cosbc =
Pbc 19,72
0,99
S bc
19,9
V ph ti ca my bin in p l dng c o lng nn ta

chn my bin in p kiu mt pha HOM-15 c cc thng s sau :
in p s: 15750 / 3 V ;
in p cun th 1: 100/ 3 V

67
n mn hc
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
in p cun th 2: 100/3 V
Nguyn Dip
; Cp chnh xc : 0,5
Ph ti nh mc: Sm = 75 VA
* Chn dy dn ni t bin in p n dng c o :
Gi s di t my bin in p n cc ng h o lng l
l = 60 m
Dng in trong cc pha a, b, c :
Ia =
Sab
20,7
0,207 A ;
U ab 100
Ic =
Sbc 19,9
0,199 A
U bc 100
n gin trong tnh ton coi I a = Ic= 0,2 A v coi cosab =

cosbc = 1
Khi Ib = 3 .Ia = 0,34 A
Tr s in p ging trn dy dn pha a v b:
U = (Ia + Ib)
Cu.l
ly Cu = 0,0175
F
V mch in c cng t nn U 0,5 %. Vy tit din dy

dn l:
Fdd =
Ia Ib
0,2 0,34
. Cu .l
.0,0175.60 1,134 mm2
U
0,5
m bo bn c ta chn dy dn ng c bc cch
in c tit din l:
Fdd = 1,5 mm2
b) Chn my bin dng in .
Cc bin dng c t trn c ba pha v c ni theo s
sao. V cc cng t c cp chnh xc 0,5 nn cc my bin dng c
chn phi c cng cp chnh xc. Ngoi ra cn phi m bo cc
iu kin sau:
in p nh mc: UTIm UFm =13,8 kV
Dng in nh mc s: ITIm Ilvcb = 5,186 kA

68
n mn hc
Nguyn Dip
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
Vy chn my bin dng in kiu T -20-1 c cc thng s
k thut nh sau:
Um = 20 kV , Ism = 10000 A , Itm = 5 A , ph ti nh mc Z m
= 1,2 , cp chnh xc 0,5.
Bng dng c o lng ni vo TI c ghi trong bng 6-6:
Th
Tn dng c
g 6-6
K hiu
t
1
Am pe k
Bn
Ph ti (VA)
A
-302
Ot k tc dng
-341
Ot k t ghi
33
10
10
Ot k phn
-342/1
khng
Cng t tc dng
670
2,5
2,5
Cng t phn
T-672
2,5
2,5
26
26
khngTng cng
Pha a v c ca bin dng mang ti nhiu nht Smax =26 VA

Tng tr dng c o mc vo cc pha ny l:
Zd =
Smax 26
2 1,04
I 2tdm
5
tho mn cp chnh xc 0,5 ca my bin dng in ta cn

chn dy dn n cc dng c o lng c ln cn thit. Gi
s khong cch t my bin dng in n cc dng c o lng l
l = 50 m.
Chn dy dn bng ng c tit din tho mn:

69
n mn hc
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
Fdd
Nguyn Dip
l.Cu
50.0,0175
5,47
Zdm Z dc 1,2 1,04
mm2
Theo iu kin v bn c ta chn dy dn ng c bc

cch in c tit din F = 6 mm2.
Kim tra n nh ng my bin dng in:
My bin dng kiu T-20-1 c s cp l thanh dn ca tht
b phn phi nn n nh ng ca n quyt nh bi n nh
ng ca thanh dn mch my pht. Do vy khng cn kim tra n
nh ng ca my bin dng in ny.
Kim tra n nh nhit khi ngn mch:
V dng nh mc s cp ca my bin dng in ln hn
1000A nn khng cn kim tra n nh nhit.
Vy my bin dng in chn hon ton tho mn yu cu.
Chng VII
Chn s v thit b t dng
Lng in t dng ca nh my thu in l rt nh so vi nh
my nhit in cng cng sut. Mt khc theo bi thit k th

70
n mn hc
Nguyn Dip
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
y l nh my thu in c cng sut trung bnh ( 1000 MVA )
nn s t dng ca nh my thit k c nhng c im sau :
- Mt my pht hay mt nhm my pht ghp chung 1 MBA, c
mt MBA t dng h t 13,8/0,4 KV. in ly ngay t cc my pht.
- D phng nng cho nhau thng qua Aptomt pha h p. Khi
mt MBA b s c, cc my cn li s tng cng sut thay th MBA
b s c.
- Pha cao ca MBA t dngkhng cn dng my ct m ch cn
dng cch ly (v l MBA trong nh, thng bo qun rt tt nn hu
nh khng bao gi c s c sy ra).
- Pha h ca MBA t dng l Aptmt v dao cch ly phc v sa
cha 380/220V ,do phi ni t an ton v c dy trung
tnh ly in p pha.
1. Chn my bin p t dng.
My bin p t dng c chn theo iu kin sau:
Smax
4,235
SdmB td
1,06MVA v (n-1).SmB.Kqtsc Smaxtd
n
4
do ta chn MBA t dng TM-1,6 c thng s nh sau :
Loi
TM
Sm
UCm
UHm
P0
PN
(MVA)
(kV)
(kV)
(kW)
(kW)
1,6
13,8
0,4
2,8
16,5
Un%
I0%
5,5
1,3
Ta c s t dng ca thu in nh sau:

71
n mn hc
Tng- Lp HT 4- K42
B1
Nguyn Dip
B2
F1
B3
F2
B4
F3
F4
TM-1,6
0,4 KV

72

Do An Mon Hoc NMD-OK4

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Do An Mon Hoc NMD-OK4

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n mn hc

tnh ton ph tI v cn bng cng sut

Thit k phn in nh my in v trm bin p

: Cng sut biu kin ca ph ti ti thi im t tnh

: Cng sut tc dng ti thi im t tnh bng phn

Pmax : Cng sut ca ph ti cc i tnh bng (MW)

Tng cng sut t ca ton nh my l:

Thit k phn in nh my in v trm bin p

Thit k phn in nh my in v trm bin p

Std(t)=.SNM = 0,009.470,588 = 4,235 (MVA)

Kt qu tnh c theo tng thi im t cho bng 1-3 v

Thit k0 phn in nh my in v trm bin p

1-4. th ph ti trung p (110 KV)

Kt qu tnh c theo tng thi im t cho bng 1-4 v

Thit k phn in nh my in v trm bin p

1-5. th ph ti v h thng (220 KV).

Thit k phn in nh my in v trm bin p

Thit k phn in nh my in v trm bin p

Thit k phn in nh my in v trm bin p

2-1. Phng n IB4

Thit k phn in nh my in v trm bin p

Do ph ti cao v trung p ln hn nhiu so vi cng sut nh

Thit k phn in nh my in v trm bin p

Thit k phn in nh my in v trm bin p

2-3. Phng n III(Hnh 2-3).

Thit k phn in nh my in v trm bin p

Trong l h s c li ca my bin p t ngu

Do : SB1m = SB2m 0,5 117 ,647 235,294 MVA

Thit k phn in nh my in v trm bin p

Nh vy tng cng sut ca t hp 3 t my bin p t ngu

My bin p B3 c chn theo s b :

125 MVA l loi : T-125 (121/13,8) c cc thng s k thut nh

- My bin p B4 cng c chn theo s b nh i vi B3:

Thit k phn in nh my in v trm bin p

2.Phn b cng sut cho cc my bin p.

Ph ti truyn ln pha cao p ca mi my bin p t ngu

Ph ti truyn ln pha h p ca mi my bin p t ngu

Kt qu tnh ton cho trn bng 3-4:

1114 1417 1720 2022 2224

Thit k phn in nh my in v trm bin p

Du - chng t cng sut i t pha thanh gp h thng

SUf =14,823 MVA

Thit k phn in nh my in v trm bin p

= 117,647 - 14,823/2 - 4,235/4 = 109,177 MVA

Thit k phn in nh my in v trm bin p

Do : SB1m = SB2m 0,5 117 ,647 235,294 MVA

Thit k phn in nh my in v trm bin p

2. Phn phi cng sut cho cc my bin p.

Ph ti truyn ln pha trung p ca mi my bin p t ngu l

Ph ti pha h p ca mi my bin p t ngu l :

Da vo bng 1-5 tnh chng I v cc cng thc trn ta

1114 1417 1720 2022 2224

Thit k phn in nh my in v trm bin p

Thit k phn in nh my in v trm bin p

SCC-B2 = 110,1 + 4,404= 114,504 MVA<

Thit k phn in nh my in v trm bin p

Cng thc tnh ton:

Trong : T: l thi gian lm vic ca my bin p, T= 8760h.

2.Tn tht in nng hng nm ca my bin p B4.

Thit k phn in nh my in v trm bin p

My bin p t ngu mt pha loi : AOTH-120-

P0=210 kW v PNC-T =345 kW , PNC-H = 220 MW, PNT-H = 235

T cc kt qu bng 3-4 v cng thc tnh trn ta c cng thc