Metabolic Pathways

Primary Metabolic Pathways

Catabolism
Energy-generating metabolism
Degradation mechanism

Anabolism
Energy utilizing pathway

Biosynthetic

Catabolic Pathways
Breakdown metabolism
Substrate-level phosphorylation

Products:

ATP
NADH
NADPH
FADH2

heat

Embden-MeyerhoffParnas Pathway
Most common route
Aerobic and anaerobic conditions
Three key regulatory enzymes

Pentose Phosphate
(PP) Pathway

Hexose Monophosphate Pathway

Operates with EMP pathway
Aerobic or anaerobic conditions
Catabolic and anabolic roles

EntnerDoudoroff
(ED) pathway
Used by few microbes lacking EMP
pathway
G(-) bacteria

Azotobacter, Pseudomonas, Rhizobium,

Xanthomonas and Zymomonas

Phosphoketolase (PK)
pathway
WarburgDickens pathway
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB)
Heterolactic fermentation

Tricarboxylic acid
cycle (TCA)
Aerobic conditions
Further catabolism of pyruvate

Respiration
Aerobic respiration
Oxidative phosphorylation
Chemiosmotic hypothesis

Anaerobic respiration
ETS as with aerobic respiration

Anaerobic Respiration
Nitrate respiration
Facultative anaerobes
Redox potential:
+0.42 : nitrate
+0.82: oxygen
Denitrification
Nitrate nitrite nitrous oxide
Pseudomonas, Paracoccus denitrificans and
Thiobacillus denitrificans

Anaerobic Respiration
Sulfate respiration
Obligate anaerobes (Desulfovibrio sp.)
Main product: H2S

Carbonate respiration
Archeans (Methanococcus and
Methanobacterium)

CO2+4H2CH4+2H2O

Fermentation

Fermentation

Fermentation