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Kylee Marshall
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TEACHER COMMENTS

Packet #1:Adolf Hitler

SOURCES FOUR BOOKS TWO WEBSITES

Assertion 1 Idea: The Rise of Adolf Hitler

Question 1: What was the state of Germany prior to Adolf Hitler coming to power?
EV: APPROVED By 1923 the German mark was worthless; it took 4.2 trillion marks to make
a dollar. This disaster not only wiped out peoples savings; it also destroyed their faith in an
ordered and predictable world. Prices rose astronomically. It can be argued that the Weimar
Republic's survival for fourteen years (1919-1933) against such odds was a measure of
success. Indeed, its constitution included a bill of rights with special provisions to protect the
sanctity of marriage and the needs or the working classes. Voting rights were given to women,
the reichstag became the center of political and legislative power, and the election system
was changed to one of proportional representation rather than the simple majority system of
the kaiserreich. Also, the efforts of leaders like Gustav stresemann to solve economic
problems and cooperate with leaders of other European nations let to Germany's acceptance
by international community as a peace-loving state. The Dawes plan, named for American
banker Charles G. Dawes set up a regular payment schedule for war debts. Germany
became eligible for foreign loans to help revive the economy and thus guarantee debt
repayments. The Locarno Treaties, signed in Locarno, Switzerland, with france, Belgium, and
Holland, fixed the countrys western borders except for Alsace- Lorraine, returned to France
with the peace treaty. French troops left the Ruhr, and in 1926 Germany was accepted as a
member of the League of Nations. In 1928, along with fifteen other nations, Germany signed
the U.S. sponsored Kellogg-Briand Pact outlawing war as an instrument of national policy.
Internal instability rather than outside pressures or even economic problems eventually led to
the downfall of the Weimar Republic. Weimar government officials were attacked, and several
of them murdered , by Freikorps hit squads ; right- wing nationalist leaders accused those
officials of being november criminals or appeasement politicians who had engineered
Germany's defeat in the war.Under such circumstances it was probably inevitable that a new
authority figure, perhaps another Hermann pr Frederick the Great or Bismarck, would appear
to take charge of German destinies. The sudden collapse of monarchy had left nothing in its
place; the German people had no experience with the process of the accommodation of
competing interests that makes democracy possible. That world had come apart in the Great
War, and in its aftermath they were caught up in the whirl of social and economic, as well as
political, reform; without the power to carry through with the needed changes or provide the
leadership that would make their new world work. The alternative was National Socialism, with
its crude yet powerful message, articulated by as speaker who could rouse a crowd to fever
pitch and carry them unthinking toward his negative destructive goals.
Source #: 1
Citation: Spencer Pgs 75-78
Question 2: How did Adolf Hitler gain support of the people?
EV:APPROVED In 1930, the Nazis conducted a massive election campaign across Germany.
Hitler traveled and spoke around the country. He shook hands with voters, signed autographs,
and kissed babies. In his speeches, Hitler promised work for the unemployed, prosperity for
businesses, peace, and, most of all, a return to the past glory of Germany. On election day,
the Nazis received more than 6 million votes, about 18 percent of the percent of the total.

They won 107 seats in the Reichstag, which made the Nazis the second largest political party
in Germany. To celebrate their victory at the polls, Nazi storm troopers, dressed in civilian
clothing, smashed the windows of jewish shops and restaurants. On October 13, 1930, brown
shirted Nazi Party members marched into the Reichstag to take their seats. Over the following
year, German business leaders donated huge amounts of money to the Nazis, whom they
expected would soon take over leadership of the nation. Early 1932, Hitler was asked to meet
with brning, who wanted Hitlers support for another seven year term for Hindenburg. Hitler
refused. Instead, in February, Hitler decided to run for president against the 84-year-old
Hindenburg with the slogan, freedom and bread. In the Presidential election, held in March
1932, Hitler received more than 11 million votes, about 30 percent of the total. Hindenburg
received almost 19 million votes, or 49 percent. Because no candidate received a majority, a
runoff election was scheduled for April 10. For a month, Hitler campaigned tirelessly around
the country. Hindenburg campaigned very little. On April 19, Hitler received almost 37 percent
of the vote. Hindenburg won 53 percent. Hitler had received 2 million more votes than the last
time. Hindenburg had gained fewer than one million. Hitler had lost, but the Nazis had
displayed their organizational strength and growing popularity.
FIX CITATION AND SOURCE INFO
Source #: 2
Citation:Ingram PGs 56-58
Question 3: How did Adolf Hitler solidify power? (if you dont know what solidify means, google it)
EV: approved As political events became more chaotic, wealthy industrialists pushed to have
HItler take power. Papen, who still hoped to become a dictator, wanted to end schleichers
role in the government. On January 4, 1933, Hitler met with Papen. The two men agreed to
work together to make Hitler the chancellor, with Papen as Vice-chancellor. In early 1933,
Hitler, Papen, Hindenburgs son, oskar, and Gring held a secret meeting. Hitler convinced
Oskar von Hindenburg to support him. Papen also pledged loyalty to Hitler. On January 28,
Schleicher resigned under pressure. on January 30, President Hindenburg gave his support to
Hitler as chancellor.It was about noon when Hitler was sworn into office. He was driven down
the street, cheered by thousands of Germans. Among those who cheered for Hitler was Eva
Braun, a young photographers assistant from Munich, whom Hitler had met in 1929. The two
became companions for the rest of their lives. On the evening of January 30, 1933, thousands
of SA and SS members stood in front of the chancellors residence. Each man held a burning
torch that flickered on the red and white Nazi Banners. Men, women, and children waited to
see the new chancellor. People listened to accounts of the event on the radio. Finally, Hitler
appeared before the adoring crowd. It is almost like a dream a fairy tale, Joseph Goebbels
wrote in his diary. The new reign of hitler and the Nazis Quickly became known as the Third
Reich.
Source #: 2
Citation: Ingram PGs 62 and 63
split up citations
August 2, 1934 German President Paul von Hindenburg dies. With the support of the german
armed forces, Hitler becomes president of Germany.
ADD IN HINDENBURG DYING!!!!!
Source #: 3
Citation:The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum

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Assertion 2 Idea: Adolf Hitlers maintenance of power
Question 1: How did Adolf Hitler improve/take steps to improve the economy?
EV:approved Once internal control was assured, Hitler began mobilizing Germany's
resources for military conquest and racial domination of the land masses of central and
eastern Europe. He put Germanys 6 million unemployed to work on a vast rearmament and
building program, coupled with a propaganda campaign to prepare the nation for war.
Source #: 4
Citation: Encyclopedia of World Biography
Question 2: How did Adolf Hitler use his military to maintain control/expand his reign? (if
you dont know what reign means, google it)

EV:
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Question 3: How did Adolf Hitler maintain control over the people/manipulate the people to
maintain control?
EV:
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Citation: AUTHOR, PG #

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Assertion 1 Idea: Adolf Hitlers fall from power
Question 1: When did things begin to go terribly wrong for Adolf Hitler?
EV: Under the codename Operation Barbarossa, Nazi Germany invaded the Soviet Union on
June 22, 1941, in the largest German military operation of World War 2. The destruction of the
perceived Communist threat to Germany, and the seizure of prime land within Soviet borders
for long-term German settlement had been a core policy of the Nazi movement since the
1920s. In july 1940, just weeks after the german conquest of France and the Low Countries,
Hitler decided to attack the Soviet Union within the following year. On December 18, 1940, he
signed Directive 21 (code-named Operation Barbarossa), the first operational order for the
invasion of the Soviet Union. From the beginning of operational planning, German military and
police authorities intended to wage a war of annihilation against the Communist state as well
as the Jews of the Soviet Union, whom they characterized as the forming the racial basis for
the soviet state.During the winter and spring months of 1941, officials of the Army High
Command (Oberkommando Des Heeres-OKH) and the Reich Security Main Office
(Reichssicherheitshauptamt-RSHA) negotiated arrangements for the deployment of special
units (Einsatzgruppen) of the Security Police and the Security Service (Sicherheitsdienst-SD)
behind the front lines to physically annihilate Jews, Communists and other persons deemed to
be dangerous to the establishment of long term German rule on Soviet territory. With 134
Divisions at full fighting strength and 73 more divisions for deployment behind the front,
German forces invaded the Soviet Union on June 22, 1941, less than two years after the
German-Soviet Pact was signed. Three army groups, including more than three million
German soldiers, supported by 650,000 troops from Germanys allies (Finland and Romania),
and later augmented by units from Italy, Croatia, Slovakia and Hungary, attacked the Soviet
Union across a broad front, from the western powers of the German troop buildup along its
western border. Germany and its Axis partners thus achieved almost complete tactical
surprise. Much of the existing Soviet air force was destroyed on the ground; the Soviet armies
were initially overwhelmed. German units encircled millions of Soviet soldiers, who, cut off
from supplies and reinforcements, had few options other than to surrender. As the German
army advanced deep into Soviet territory, SS and police units followed the troops. The first to
arrive were the Einsatzgruppen of the Security Police and the SD, Which the RSHA tasked
with Identifying and eliminating persons who might organize and implement resistance to the
German occupation forces, identifying and concentrating groups of people who were hostile
to German rule in the East, establishing intelligence networks, and securing key
documentation and facilities. Often known as mobile killing units, the Einsatzgruppen initiated
mass-murder operations, primarily against Jewish males, officials of the Communist Party and
State and Soviet Roma, and, often with assistance from German Army personnel, established
ghettos and other holding facilities to concentrate large numbers of Soviet Jews. Beginning in
late July with the arrival of Himmlers representatives, the Higher SS and Police Leaders and
significant reinforcement, the SS and police, supported by locally recruited auxiliares, began
to physically annihilate entire Jewish communities in the Soviet Union.Success both on the
military front and in the Soviet Jews contributed to Hitler's decision to deport German Jews to
the occupied Soviet Jews beginning on October 15, 1941, initiating what would become Final
Solution policy: the physical annihilation of the European Jews. Despite catastrophic losses in
the first six weeks of the war, the Soviet Union failed to collapse as anticipated by the Nazi
leadership and the German military commanders. In mid-August 1941, Soviet resistance

stiffened, knocking the Germans off of their unrealistic timetable. Nevertheless, by late
september 1941, German forces reached the gates of leningrad in the north. They took
Smolensk in the center and Dnepropetrovsk (Dnipropetrovsk) in Ukraine. They spilled into the
Crimean Peninsula in the south. German units reached the outskirts of Moscow in early
December. Yet after months or campaigning, the German army was exhausted. Having
expected a rapid Soviet collapse, German planners had failed to equip their troops for winter
warfare. Expecting their military personnel to live off the land of a conquered Soviet Union at
the expense of the indigenous population, which in German calculations, would starve to
death in the millions, German planners had failed to provide sufficient food and medicines.
worse still, German troops, advancing rapidly, outran their supply lines, rendering thinly
defended flanks vulnerable to Soviet counterattack along the 1,000 mile stretch from Berlin to
Moscow. On December 6, 1941, the Soviet Union launched a major counterattack against the
center of the front, driving the Germans back from Moscow in chaos. Only weeks later were
the Germans able to stabilize the front east of Smolensk. In the summer of 1942, Germany
resumed the offensive with a massive attack to the south and southeast toward the city of
stalingrad (Volgograd) on the Volga River and toward the oil fields of the Caucasus. As the
Germans reached the outskirts of Stalingrad and approached Groznyj (Groznyy) in the
Caucasus , approximately 120 miles from the shores of the Caspian Sea in September 1942,
the German domination of Europe reached its furthest geographical extension.
Source #: 6
Citation: The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
Question 2: How did military losses in WWII affect the stability of Adolf Hitlers rule?
EV: Write your quotation here - make sure that you write as much as possible - more is better.
Make sure that you copy the information word for word!

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Citation: AUTHOR, PG #
Question 3: How did the peoples loss of faith in Adolf Hitler affect his rule/control of the
country?
EV: Write your quotation here - make sure that you write as much as possible - more is better.
Make sure that you copy the information word for word!

Source #: INSERT SOURCE #

Citation: AUTHOR, PG #
Question 4: How does Adolf Hitler die?
EV: Der Fuhrer, Adolf Hitler, dictator of Germany, burrowed away in a refurbished air-raid
shelter, consumes a cyanide capsule, then shoots himself with a pistol, on this day in 1945, as
his 1,000-year Reich collapses above him. Hitler had repaired to his bunker on January 16,
after deciding to remain Berlin for the last great siege of the war. At his side were Eva Braun,
whom he married only two days before their double suicide, and his dog an Alsatian named

Blondi. Warned by officers that the Russians were only a day or so from overtaking the
chancellery and urged to escape to Berchtesgaden, a small town in the Bavarian Alps where
Hitler owned a home, the dictator instead chose suicide. It is believed that both he and his
wife swallowed cyanide capsules (which had been tested for their efficacy on his beloved
dog and her pups).For good measure, he shot himself with his service pistol. A German court
finally officially declared Hitler dead, but not until 1956.
Source #: 8
Citation: History.com