Positive /

Negative

Grade:

8th

Duration

8 Lessons / 40 minutes each

Overview

This project uses color theory in the style

of Andy Warhol.

Goal

Students will explore line, shape, texture and value. This project reinforces the ideas of positive
and negative space as well as additive and subtractive methods. This lesson can serve as an
introduction to pen and ink drawing and can lead into printmaking.

Objectives

The students will create a simplified line drawing using the grid method. Students will transfer
their line drawing to begin their pen and ink work. Students will learn how to use pen and ink
(additive method) through a worksheet. They will then create a pen and ink version of their
drawing, adding texture to their line drawing. They will then learn how to use scratchboard
(subtractive method) through a worksheet. They will then use their drawing to create a
scratchboard version of their drawing.

NYS Learning
Standards
Addressed

Standard 1Creating, Performing,

and Participating in the Arts

Standard 2Knowing and

Using Arts Materials and
Resources

Standard 3
Responding to and
Analyzing Works of
Art

Standard 4
Understanding the
Cultural Dimensions
and Contributions of
the Arts

produce a collection of art works,

in a variety of mediums, based on a
range of individual and collective
experiences (a)
use the elements and principles of
art to communicate specific
meanings to others in their art work
(c)
during the creative process, reflect
on the effectiveness of selected
mediums or techniques to convey
intended meanings (d)

develop skills with a

variety of art materials and
competence in at least one
medium (a)
use the computer and
other electronic media as
designing tools and to
communicate visual ideas
(b)

identify, analyze,
and interpret the visual
and sensory
characteristics that
they discover in natural
and human-made
forms (b)

create art works that

reflect a particular
historical period of a
culture (c).

Elements of
Art Used

Texture, Line, Shape, Space, Value, Form

Principles of
Design Used

Movement, Contrast, Repetition

Vocabulary

Nib, Nib holder, Crosshatch, Guidelines

Prerequisite
Knowledge

Students should know how to transfer an image using the grid method.

Materials
needed

Pen and Ink worksheet

Animal images

Ink

Paper towels

Scratchboard worksheet

Scratchboard

Blue pens

Scratch nibs

Scrap scratchboard
Nibs

Scrap paper
Nib holders

Red pens
Durer PowerPoint

Paper
Space PowerPoint

Procedures
Lesson 1

Pre Lesson

In previous class the teacher will explain they will be choosing an animal picture from the
computer for their next project. The image must show texture.

Motivation / Anticipatory Set (10 minutes)

Show images of Albrecht Durer works

Discuss comic book / manga and how inkers work today

Demonstration (5 minutes)

Review grid transfer method

Show students images animals they can use if they did not bring one
Instruct students to keep texture simple at this step

Set Up / Student Work Time (20 minutes)

Students will retrieve supplies by organized by table

Instruct students to create grid on paper
Student will transfer their image
Assist as needed as students complete line drawing

Clean Up (3 minutes)

Students will store work and replace supplies

Closure (1 minutes)

Lesson 2

Inform the students they will continue working next class.

Motivation / Anticipatory Set (10 minutes)

Review what they worked on last lesson

Demonstration (5 minutes)

Show students how to transfer completed line drawing to final paper

Remind students to transfer lines lightly so they can be erased later

Set Up / Student Work Time (20 minutes)

Students will retrieve supplies by organized by table

Student will continue with line drawing
Students will transfer their line drawing to final paper
Teacher will assist as needed
Remind students to keep their line drawing for the scratchboard

Clean Up (3 minutes)

Students will store work and replace supplies

Closure (1 minutes)

Lesson 3

Inform the students they will be working with pen and ink next class.

Motivation / Anticipatory Set (5 minutes)

Show students samples of crosshatching and texture

Demonstration (15 minutes)

Explain the parts of pen and how to care for the pens
Demonstrate how to draw using crosshatch to show texture
Show students how to incorporate value with crosshatching
Show students how to clean nibs when finished

Set Up / Student Work Time (15 minutes)

Hand out scrap paper

Have students collect supplies by table
Instruct the students to practice drawing simple lines on scrap paper
Once they are ready instruct them to complete the Pen and Ink Worksheet

Clean Up (4 minutes)

Students will store work

Students will replace supplies
Students will rinse and store pens and nibs

Closure (1 minutes)

Lesson 4-5

Inform students they will be inking their images next class

Motivation / Anticipatory Set (2 minutes)

Review previous steps

Demonstration (10 minutes)

Demonstrate how to create their drawing using crosshatching

Remind students to create texture around the line, not to follow the line directly
Remind students to create areas of dark and light by placing the lines closer or further
apart

Set Up / Student Work Time (23 minutes)

Have students collect supplies by table

Assist students as needed
Monitor student work assisting as needed

Clean Up (4 minutes)

Students will store work

Students will replace supplies
Students will rinse and store pens and nibs

Closure (1 minutes)

Lesson 6

Let students know they will be working on scratchboard next lesson

Motivation / Anticipatory Set (10 minutes)

Show Positive Negative PowerPoint

Demonstration (5 minutes)

Explain to students that scratchboard is paper covered with ink

Demonstrate how to create lines using scratch nib

Set Up / Student Work Time (20 minutes)

Hand out scrap scratchboard

Have students collect supplies by table
Instruct the students to practice drawing simple lines on scrap scratchboard
Once they are ready instruct them to complete the Scratchboard Worksheet

Clean Up (3 minutes)

Students will put away supplies and store work

Closure (2 minutes)

Lesson 7-8

Let students know they will be creating their negative image next class

Motivation / Anticipatory Set (2 minutes)

Review previous lesson

Demonstration (10 minutes)

Show students how to transfer line drawing to scratchboard

Show students how to create texture using crosshatching

Set Up / Student Work Time (23 minutes)

Have students collect supplies by table

Assist students as needed
Monitor student work assisting as needed

Clean Up (3 minutes)

Students will put away supplies and store work

Closure (2 minutes)

Adaptations

Inform students what their next project will be

Students can use sharpie markers

Teacher will assess using the Positive / Negative Rubric

Assessment

Positive / Negative Rubric

Objective

Pen and Ink

Worksheet

Line
Drawing
Pen and Ink
Drawing

Scratchboard
Worksheet

Scratchboard
Drawing

10-1

25-23
Outstanding

22-17
Good

16-11
Needs Work

Each section is completely

filled.
Work shows a gradation
from light to dark.
Work is neat and shows
effort.
Student uses grid method to
create line drawing. Line
drawing is neat and accurate.

Each section is
completely filled. Work
shows a gradation from
light to dark. Work is
neat.

Each section is
completely filled.
Work shows some
gradation from
light to dark.

Each section is
completely filled.

Student uses grid

method to create line
drawing. Line drawing
is neat.
Drawing shows texture.
Student used
crosshatching technique.
There are areas of dark
and light in the drawing.
Work is neat.
Each section is
completely filled. Work
shows a gradation from
light to dark. Work is
neat.

Student uses grid

method to create
line drawing.

Student creates a
line drawing.

Student used
crosshatching
technique. There
are areas of dark
and light in the
drawing.
Each section is
completely filled.
Work shows some
gradation from
light to dark.

Student completes
pen and ink drawing.

Drawing shows texture.

Student used
crosshatching technique.
There are areas of dark
and light in the drawing.
Work is neat.

Student used
crosshatching
technique. There
are areas of dark
and light in the
drawing.

Student completes
scratchboard
drawing.

Drawing shows texture.

Student used multiple
crosshatching techniques.
There are areas of dark and
light in the drawing. Work is
neat and shows effort.
Each section is completely
filled.
Work shows a gradation
from light to dark.
Work is neat and shows
effort.
Drawing shows texture.
Student used multiple
crosshatching techniques.
There are areas of dark and
light in the drawing. Work is
neat and shows effort.

Re-submit

Each section is
completely filled.