Jack Stillman

Vibe Productions

Part 1

The Style Guide

Part 1
Forms
Bulletin a bulletin is a short account or statement, which refers to
recent news or events, which is issued and aimed at the public. You would
expect to see or hear a news bulletin at the beginning of the news as it
talks about all the news stories that are to be spoken about in the
following programme.

Headline a headline in radio news is usually a short sentence about the

main story in the order of the news that is to be followed. It is very similar
to how TV news is introduced. http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b05pl7nc
this has been taken from one of BBC 5 Lives news shows, the headline
is at 1:17 minutes and the headline talks about the death of Richard
Benaud, who was known for being a legendary cricketer and
commentator.

News programme a news programme is programme, either on TV or

Radio, they discuss and inform the public about current affairs. They are
usually presented by a variety of news anchors who individually talk about
their specific sectors.

Copy only with audio clips copy only is when the news reader sits
and reads all the current affairs from a script. With audio clips, includes
vocal interviews or information which has been recorded prior to the
show, and is then played when referenced by the news anchor.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b05pl7nc the copy only story in this
news programme comes at 3:40, this story

Wraps a wrap is a short sentence that is found at the end of a story as

it helps to conclude it and then transition onto the next story. This could
include in other news.

Live cross live cross is when the news presenter or newsreader switch
to another report who are usually on location or out of the station, for
extra and breaking news on the story that is being reported on.

Jack Stillman

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Two way this is similar to live cross as it recorded on scene and will
usually be about current news stories. The only difference is that it isnt
played live, and is recorded and saved for another time.

Styles
Related to audience radio news shows aim to relate what their
talking about to what they believe that their audience is
interested in. Radios such as talksport always discuss and
inform everyone on what the most recent sport is.
Public service - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zumTOb6Z47Q

This news report is taken from 1997 and features stories about Princess
Dianas death, Aircheck and Newsbeat Report. Back in 1997, BBC Radio
1s target audience would have been slightly different as to what it is
today. However they still targeted their audience in a certain way. They
use simplistic language

Commercial - http://www.kissfmuk.com/ commercial radios stations

serve local or regional areas and are owned by either Global, Bauer or
UTV. Their news broadcasts are often aimed at specific regions, cultures
and genders, but it depends on the stories being presented. Stations such
as Heart, Classic FM, and XFM are just a few commercial radio stations, as
their income is predominantly generated through a variety of
advertisements and sponsorships.

Community community radio serves geographic communities and.

They cover specific and local news and only relate to a smaller target
audience. They tend to be run and owned by the community that the
news is related to, for example, east London radio or BBC Berkshire. They
tend to feature basic news and smaller stories that are relevant to the
area that the news is aimed towards.

Small-scale these radio stations tend to have a smaller target

audience in comparison to a community station. An example of a smallscale radio would be a college or university radio as they have very
specific target audiences.

Local a local radio station is one that provides very local news to a
smaller area. They usually refer to news that has happened in and around
the specific area, such as traffic news, sporting events and news
surrounding changes in the community for example.
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Regional much like local, it covers a specific area however the areas
covered are similar to the size of a county. The BBC has a variety of
regional radio stations as well as a host of big ones, Radio 1 for example.
The regional stations allow the publics specific interests to be met.

National these are large scale radio stations that cover the most
important news stories across the country, for example Radio 2.

Internet some internet radio stations are ones that are small
scale and are aimed more at a small selection of people, such
as a school or university.
Satellite and cable

Part 2
Legal and regulatory constraints
Handling of stories involving minors - News stories that involve
minors are often watershed, this is where TV is limited to broadcasting
anything that may distress anyone defined in the minor category. This
means that they are only allowed to feature these stories after a certain
time. Radio news is the same, they are limited to talk about certain
stories. However, if some stories are breaking news and are spoken about
during the day. The minor that has been involved, will have their name will
be kept private for their safety and wellbeing as it could have been a
traumatising incident and they wouldnt want to affect their mental
health. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-32379812, this news article is taken
from the BBC news website, and is about a 14 that has been linked to a
major anti-terror operation in Australia. Due to the age of the boy, they
were limited the amount of information that can be said about him. All
that was released was his age (14) and that he comes from Blackburn,
Lancashire. The reason that this

Contempt of court This is when someone goes against the higher

authorities or judges decisions. If this is done, the offender may be sued
or prosecuted and could face legal actions. If you post or broadcast and
news or material that is not said to be active, this can be seen as one of
the most serious contempts of court. One example of this is the news
Story about Ryan Giggs and when he cheated on his wife. The story was
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published and spread via Twitter and a variety of social networking sites;
Giggs requested that his name is to be kept a secret however this was not
the case. He tried to prosecute the people involved in the incident but was
unsuccessful.

Libel and defamation saying or writing something that is untruthful

or disrespectful to someones feelings and damages their reputation is
called defamation. Libel is similar, however it is when it is written in
newspapers or articles and now spoken about. When this happens, the
people involved can be sued and legal action may be taken. Cliff Richard
was once falsely accused of sex with minors and also abusing his status.
There was no evidence to back up the story and prove it to be correct,
although a variety of newspapers and news channels still published the
story, which leads them to being eligible to be faced with legal actions.

Coverage of elections during the election period the coverage has to

be fair and non-biased when being broadcast on television and
newspaper. Although many channels tend to lean towards certain parties
and campaigns, despite the rules against it, they still have a tendency to
do so. As soon as any of the parties are involved in any scandals, some
newspapers focus on it more than some as they do not want to highlight
it, as maybe that might be the party that they are favouring. The BBC
have full coverage during the election period and also have the latest
news related to the all the parties involved.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election/2015.

Official secrets act the act apples to a variety of serious matters

relating to high authority figures such as the queen and the army. The act
aims to keep certain information a secret so that no harm can be done. If
the queen is travelling abroad, it needs to be kept a secret in case
someone has plans to harm her. If this is broken, the personal being
protected may be at serious risk.

Ofcom Ofcom set a variety of rules that TV and Radio must oblige by in
order to be able to broadcast certain material. Some sections that are
included feature Protecting the Under-Eighteens, Harm and Offence,
Privacy and Elections and Referendums. Whenever the code is
breached, Ofcom will publish a finding of what has happened and also
explain why the broadcaster has breached the code. Without taking into
account if the broadcaster has breached the code seriously, deliberately
or repeatedly, Ofcom may take actions against the broadcaster. Whilst
setting the code, Ofcom took into account a variety of material. The
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broadcaster is responsible to apply the code to their work, in order not to

break any rules. Any producers or creators of programmes or any form of
media, are allowed to gain guidance on how to interpret the code,
however may their work break any rules or the code regulated by Ofcom,
they will still look to judge cases and complaints in a fair way despite
giving the broadcasters a way to interpret the code, as someone people
may feel offended or strongly disagree with what they have seen or heard.

BBC editorial guidelines Much like Ofcom, the BBC must oblige to
and follow a set of rules and guidelines. They have to stick to these rules
as they have to represent the licence fee payers equally and fairly. They
have certain policies which must stay in order, therefore meaning that
they must balance their freedom of expression with their responsibilities,
as they must ensure they respect privacy, be fair, to avoid unjustifiable
offence and to provide the appropriate protection to keep the audience
from harm.

Ethics focus group

Serious and sensational stories a sensational story is one that
is hyped up and exaggerated more that it should be. One story
in particular was in October 4th 2013 and was about how there
was a 4 year old Romanian girl who had been found living in a
gypsy site with a couple. However the couple she was living
with were both reported to be dark skinned with dark brown
hair. This caught the attention of the local authorities as they
believed that she had been kidnapped from her parents. As
soon as this news story broke, it blew up into a large scale story
which everyone knew about, and suddenly gave hope to other
parents who have had their children kidnapped. The story soon
became a large talking about in Europe and featured on news
shows on the BBC, Sky and Channel 4. The immediacy of the
story was important as it became a case in which they wanted
to find the child real parents, so that she could be returned.
But, this has led to the re-emergence of stories like the
Madeline McCann one, as her parents were interviewed about
what they think of the story and what their opinions are. The
story was sensationalised as it blew up and became known for
all the wrong reasons, as it gave other people hope of finding
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lost or kidnapped children. The story was in human interest as

many people were affected by this problem, as what was
happening in the story was a genuine unhuman thing to do,
therefore people sympathised with the little girl and her
parents.
Invasion of privacy when publishing certain stories which
involve specific people, its an infringement of their privacy to
publish private facts about them that they wouldnt want to be
published. For the person to complain about this, they would
have to be spoken about by name, as this is one of the only
ways to be able to identify them, however if they story includes
a picture of them, they have the right to complain even if their
face is pixelated. A private fact can be anything that isnt
known by the larger population and could be about anything
such as health or sexual information. Everyone in the public has
the right to privacy but public figures tend to have lower
expectations of privacy especially if they are exercising public
power.
Public interest a public interest story is something that only a
set amount of people would be interest in.

News values
Story priority (national and local, domestic and foreign) - The
order in which news stories are broadcast is all due to how important each
story is and how they relate in terms of national, local, domestic and
foreign news to the specific area that the radio station is based in. If there
is a breaking news story that needs to be spoken about and is aimed at
the majority of the country, it will be top priority and will often be one of
the first things to be spoken about. Local news tends to be less important
than national news as in the whole it will have less of an impact on the
country. After listening to BBC 5 Live Daily, which is a national radio
station, the first stories that are mentioned in the bulletin are all national
stories that are made aware and are aimed at the majority of population.

Immediacy this is the speed and time it takes for a news story
to initially be reported on.
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Vibe Productions

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Follow-up angles this is when a news story gets more

information reported about it. This may include new facts, a
development of the story and what has happened and also
more reactions from people that may have been affected or
had something to do with the story.
Availability of audio this is being able to supply a news story
that is being broadcast with audio clips which enables the story
to have more depth and reliability
Newsroom policy Human interest Human interest in when a news story features
discussions from a person or people in emotional ways. They
aim to bring interest, sympathy or motivation to the readers,
listeners and viewers by presenting people and any problems
and concerns they may have, but also any achievements they
have gained. These stories focus more on the story behind the
story
Public interest agenda -

Bibliography
1. http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/bulletin
2. http://thcvibeproductions.weebly.com/lo1--lo2.html
3. http://www.slideshare.net/RoseBishay/handling-of-storiesinvolving-minors
4. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-32379812
5. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-32379975
6. http://thcvibeproductions.weebly.com/uploads/1/2/3/4/123
49552/ofcom_broadcasting_code.pdf
7. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_interest_story
8. http://thcvibeproductions.weebly.com/uploads/1/2/3/4/123
49552/editorial_guidelines_in_full.pdf
9. http://www.medialawjournal.co.nz/?page_id=275