Transformer In-service testing

This refers to surveillance testing, which involves periodic checks and

condition monitoring of in-service transformer. This offers a continuous
check on transformer performance.
Transformer Oil degassing, Filtration or other cleaning process are not the
first point of call in transformer maintenance.
Although the above may restore the insulating and other properties of the
oil, but it does give the information on faults happening inside the
transformer. Also, these do not prevent further occurrence of the same faults
in the transformer.
Surveillance testing oil samples
When transformers are in operation, the simplest tests are carried out on oil
samples taken on a regular basis. Measurement of oil properties, such as
breakdown voltage, water content, acidity, dielectric loss angle, particle
content and DGA, all give valuable information on the state of the
transformer.
Dissolved Gas Analysis (DGA) gives early warning of deterioration due to
electrical or thermal causes, particularly sparking, arcing and service
overheating.
Maintenance Testing on De-energized Transformer
Electrical testing such as Winding resistance, Tan-delta test, Turns ratio per
tap etc can give valuable information on the condition and the performance
of a transformer. These tests are carried out while the transformer is deenergized.

These tests coupled with the transformer Oil tests above can help to
determine the faults occurring in the transformer. With the accurate
knowledge of the transformer condition, one can now takes steps towards
removing the causes of faults, thereby recovering the transformer from
imminent damage.