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Copyright 2012 Brooks/Cole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.
Solution-Focused Brief Therapy

in Groups
SFBT is a future focused, goal-oriented therapeutic

approach to group work
SFBT looks at the strengths of a person and past

successes
In a solution-focused group, the member, not the

therapist, is the expert
Theory and Practice of Group CounselingChapter 16 (1)
SFBT leaders engage members in conversations

about what is going well, their resources, and future
possibilities
SFBT is based on the optimistic assumption that

members are:
resilient and resourceful

competent and able to construct solutions to change their
lives
SFBT is grounded on a positive orientationpeople

are healthy and competent
The past is downplayed while the present and future

are highlighted
Therapy is concerned with looking for what is

working
Group leaders assist members in finding exceptions

to their problems
There is a shift from problem-orientation to

solution-focus
The emphasis of SFBT is on constructing solutions

rather than problem solving
Solution talk enables group counseling to be brief;

Concentrating on successes leads to beneficial
changes
Problem-focused thinking prevents people from

recognizing effective ways they have dealt with
problems
It is important to consider exceptions to every

problem, or times when the problem was minimal or
absent
Group members often present only one side of

themselves
They are encouraged to examine another side of the story

they present
No problem is constant and change is inevitable
Small changes pave the way for larger changes
Leaders need to adopt a cooperative stance

because people are trying their best to change
Each individual is unique; thus, solutions must be

unique
SFBT group leaders adopt a not knowing position
Members think about their future and what they want to be

different in their lives
The group leader has expertise, but is not an expert in how

members should live
Members are experts on their own lives
Emphasis is given to creating a therapeutic

partnership
The leader prefers a collaborative stance
Care, interest, respectful curiosity, openness, contact, and

fascination are seen as relational necessities
Leaders keep members on a solution track instead of

problem track
10
Steps in the change process

Set the tone for the group
Begin to set goals
Search for exceptions to the problem
Encourage motivation
Assist group members with task development
11
Creating member goals

Members are assisted in creating clear, well-defined goals
Goals should be:
stated in the positive in the clients language

process or action-oriented
structured in the here-and-now
attainable, concrete, and specific
controlled by the client
12
Terminating
From the very first session, the leader is mindful of
termination
Members discuss ways to continue the changes they have
made and identify perceived hurdles or barriers that could
get in the way of maintaining their progress
13
Skillful questions allow members to utilize their

resources
Asking how questions that imply change can be

useful
Effective questions focus attention on solutions
14
Questions can get members to notice when things

were better
Useful questions assist members in paying attention

to what they are doing and what is working
Questions can open up possibilities for members to

do something different
15
Pre-therapy change
Exception questions
Miracle question
Scaling questions
16
SFBT is a practical and time-effective approach

SFBT offers school counselors a collaborative
framework for achieving small, concrete changes
SFBT is a good therapeutic model for counselors
with large caseloads of students dealing with a
multitude of issues
17
SFBT encourages the acceptance and

accommodation of diverse opinions and beliefs
SFBT is based on clear concepts that are easy to
learn
18
This approach helps students develop positive goals

instead of negative ones and is strength based
Examples of questions to pose to clients
What challenges have you faced growing up in your culture?
How have you been able to draw on strengths and

resources from your culture?
19
Contributions and strengths of the approach
It rests on the optimistic assumption that people are

competent
It focuses on possibilities rather than limitations
It operates from a nonpathologizing stance
20
Contributions and strengths of the approach
The use of questioning is the centerpiece of this approach
It is brief, which makes each session count
21
Limitations of the approach
In a short time, leaders need to make assessments, assist

members in formulating specific goals, and make effective
interventions
Inexperienced leaders may be enamored by SFBT

techniques and not give enough attention to creating a
therapeutic alliance with members
22

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Copyright 2012 Brooks/Cole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.

Solution-Focused Brief Therapy

SFBT is a future focused, goal-oriented therapeutic

SFBT looks at the strengths of a person and past

In a solution-focused group, the member, not the

Theory and Practice of Group CounselingChapter 16 (1)

Copyright 2012 Brooks/Cole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.

SFBT leaders engage members in conversations

SFBT is based on the optimistic assumption that

Copyright 2012 Brooks/Cole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.

resilient and resourceful

Theory and Practice of Group CounselingChapter 16 (2)

SFBT is grounded on a positive orientationpeople

The past is downplayed while the present and future

Therapy is concerned with looking for what is

Theory and Practice of Group CounselingChapter 16 (3)

Copyright 2012 Brooks/Cole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.

Group leaders assist members in finding exceptions

There is a shift from problem-orientation to

The emphasis of SFBT is on constructing solutions

Copyright 2012 Brooks/Cole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.

Theory and Practice of Group CounselingChapter 16 (4)

Solution talk enables group counseling to be brief;

Problem-focused thinking prevents people from

Theory and Practice of Group CounselingChapter 16 (5)

Copyright 2012 Brooks/Cole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.

It is important to consider exceptions to every

Group members often present only one side of

Copyright 2012 Brooks/Cole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.

They are encouraged to examine another side of the story

Theory and Practice of Group CounselingChapter 16 (6)

No problem is constant and change is inevitable

Small changes pave the way for larger changes

Leaders need to adopt a cooperative stance

Each individual is unique; thus, solutions must be

Copyright 2012 Brooks/Cole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.

Theory and Practice of Group CounselingChapter 16 (7)

Copyright 2012 Brooks/Cole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.

SFBT group leaders adopt a not knowing position

Members think about their future and what they want to be

The group leader has expertise, but is not an expert in how

Members are experts on their own lives

Theory and Practice of Group CounselingChapter 16 (8)

Copyright 2012 Brooks/Cole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.

Emphasis is given to creating a therapeutic

The leader prefers a collaborative stance

Care, interest, respectful curiosity, openness, contact, and

Leaders keep members on a solution track instead of

Theory and Practice of Group CounselingChapter 16 (9)

Copyright 2012 Brooks/Cole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.

Steps in the change process

Copyright 2012 Brooks/Cole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.

Creating member goals

stated in the positive in the clients language

Copyright 2012 Brooks/Cole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.

Theory and Practice of Group CounselingChapter 16 (12)

Skillful questions allow members to utilize their

Asking how questions that imply change can be

Effective questions focus attention on solutions

Theory and Practice of Group CounselingChapter 16 (13)

Copyright 2012 Brooks/Cole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.

Questions can get members to notice when things