levan tyeSelaSvili

saqarTvelos samociqulo eklesiis

avtokefaliis sakiTxisaTvis

saqarTveloSi qristes WeSmariti sarwmunoeba jer kidev pirveli

saukunis 40-50-ian wlebSi iqadages qristes mociqulebma.
mniSvnelovania, rom qristes xuTma mociqulma gaavrcela Cveni
macxovnebeli sarwmunoeba. me-4 saukunidan qristianoba saxelmwifo
religiad gamocxadda. daaxloebiT 468 wlidan wmida mefe vaxtang
gorgaslis dros saqarTvelos eklesia avtokefaluri gaxda. Tumca Semdgom
periodSi momxdarma ramdenime faqtma gaurkvevloba warmoSva da aRniSnul
sakiTxze araerTma mecnierma imsjela da SeZlebisdagvarad ganmarta es
faqtebi.
1. `amboben, rom antioqiis uwmindesi patriarqis, meufe petres dros
krebam daadgina iberiis eklesia Tavisufali da avtokefaluri iyos, magram
antioqiis patriarqis qveS" - ase aqvs warmodgenili XII saukuneSi moRvawe
berZen saeklesio moRvawes Teodor balsamons laTinur variantSi;
2. `antioqiuri qronografidan" momdinare efrem mcirisa da nikon
SavmTelis cnobebi Teofilaqte antioqielis (744-750) mier qarTlis
eklesiisaTvis avtokefaliis miniWebis Sesaxeb;
3. XVII saukunis antioqieli patriarqis makariosis da XVIII saukunis
antioqieli mRvdlis miqael brekis cnobebi: miqael brekis mixedviT TiTqos
antioqiis patriarqma Teofilaqtem ioanes im pirobiT daasxa xeli, rom
wirvis dros saqarTveloSi antioqiis patriarqi unda moexsenebinaT;
4. meTeTrTmete saukuneSi antioqiis patriarq TeodosTan giorgi
mTawmindelis kamaTi da ratom daisva kvlav sakiTxi avtokefaliis Sesaxeb;
5. romeli saukunidan xdeboda saqarTvelos eklesiaSi mironis
kurTxeva.
gansaxilvel sakiTxebze arsebobs ucxouri da qarTuli wyaroebi,
romlebic rig SemTxvevaSi radikalurad gansxvavdebian erTmaneTisagan,
Tumca qarTuli wyaroebi umetes SemTxvevaSi detalur informacebs
gvawvdis.
saqarTvelos samociqulo marTlmadidebeli eklesia uZvelesi eklesiaa
msoflioSi. qarTuli eklesia Zvel wyaroebSi `wminda andrias saydrad"
moixsenieba. amitom bunebrivia, rodesac qarTuli eklesiis fesvebze
saubroben, misi warmomavloba ierusalimuria. gamoTqmuli mosazreba imis
Sesaxeb, rom radgan saqarTveloSi qristes mociqulebma iqadages qristes
sjuli, qarTuli eklesia sxva arc erT eklesias ar unda eqvemdebarebodes,
es mosazreba jer kidev giorgi mTawmindelma gamoTqva XI saukuneSi
antioqiis patriarqTan kamaTisas, magram realurad situacia sxvagvaria.
vin igulisxmeba Teodos balsamonis mier moxseniebul `ufal petreSi"
- mexuTe saukunis antioqiis patriarqi petre I fuloni (igive knafeas
gulisxmoben)? d. baqraZe miiCnevda, rom petre fulonis mesamed
patriarqobisas moupovebia saqarTvelos eklesias avtokefalia. aRniSnuli
sakiTxi saTanadod Seiswavla v. goilaZem. mkvlevars miaCnia, rom swored
petre fulonis patriarqobis xanaSi moipova qarTulma eklesiam
damoukidebloba. amave azrs iziarebs T. Jordania. Tumca sabolood me-6
saukuneSi imperator iustinianes daudasturebia Cveni avtokefalia. iv.
javaxiSvilis mtkicebiT, qarTulma eklesiam damoukidebloba 472-484
wlebSi miiRo. k. kekeliZe ki am faqts 467 wliT aTariRebda.
k. cincaZe, SemdgomSi saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi, m.
kelenjeriZe, e. nikolaZe da b. lominaZe miiCnevdnen, rom `ufali petre" XI
saukuneSi moRvawe antioqiis patriarqi petre mesamea.
ZiriTadi winaaRmdegoba imaSi mdgomareobs, rom V saukunis moRvawe
antioqiis patriarqi petre fuloni monofiziti iyo da, bunebrivia, misgan
xeldasxmas ver miiRebda qarTlis eklesiis meTauri, radgan mwvaleblisgan
xeldasxma marTlmadidebel eklesiaSi akrZalulia da saqarTvelos
eklesiis istoriis brwyinvale mcodne giorgi mTawmindeli rogorc
aRniSnavs: `amaT wmidaTa mociqulTa ganaTlebulni varT, vinaidgan erTi
RmerTi gvicnobies, ara ra uar gvyofies da arca odes wualebisa mimarT
midrekil ars naTesavi Cueni". amdenad, b. lominaZis gamokvlevas didi
mniSvneloba eniWeba. igi miiCnevda, rom qarTulma eklesiam avtokefalia
466-468 wlebSi moipova antioqiis patriarq martiriusis (457-470)
patriarqobis periodSi.
aseve dReisaTvis TiTqmis sadavo aRar aris, rom antioqiis patriarq
Teofilaqtes (744-750)mier nakurTxi ioane dasavleT saqarTvelos
kaTolikosi iyo.
aRniSnuli sakiTxi gamoikvlia v. goilaZem.
mexuTe saukuneSi mopovebuli avtokefalia rom sruli iyo, amas
qarTlis cxovrebac gadmogvcems: `iqmna kreba meeqvse, wmidaTa mamaTa
konstantinepolis Sina, meaTsametesa welsa poRionati konstantine
mefobisasa, romeli iyo mama iustinianes, am krebisa mier brZanes esreT
wmidisa eklesiisa saqarTvelosTvis, romel ars wmida mcxeTa, raTa iyos
swor pativiTa viTarca wmindani samociqulo kaTolike eklesiani,
sapatriarqoni da iyos kaTolikosi qarTlisa swori patriarqTa Tana, da
akurTxevdes da mwysiden da ganagebdes samarTliT mTavarepiskoposTa,
mitropolitTa da episkoposTa samwysoTa Tvisisa qarTlisa, gamoRma-gaRma
kaxeTsa, Saqsa, Sirvansa da modgmiT wamovliT mTasa adgilisaTa, suaneTisa
da Cerqezis sazRvramdis, sruliad oseTsa da yovelsa zemo qarTlisa
samcxe saaTabagos". 681 wels konstantinepolSi mowveulma msoflio
saeklesio krebam qarTlis kaTolikosi patriarqTa swor pativSi aiyvana da
amitom antioqiis patriarq makariosis da mRvdlis miqael brekis cnobebi
ararealuria.
rac Seexeba XI saukuneSi antioqiis patriarq TeodosisTan giorgi
mTawmindelis kamaTs, sakmaod ucnauri da gaurkvevelia, Tu ratom ar
ician antioqiaSi, rom Cveni eklesia ukve damoukidebelia da TiTqos
saqarTveloSi arc erT mociquls ar eqadagos. giorgi mTawmindelma
brwyinvaled dausabuTa berZnebs, rom saqarTvelos eklesia wminda andria
mociqulis mier aris dafuZnebuli da `hrqua patriarqsa: wmindao meufeo!
hSuenis esreT, raTa wodebuli igi mwodebelsa mas daemorCilos, rameTu
petresi jer ars, raTa daumorCilos mwodebelsa Tvisa da Zmasa andrias da
raTa Tquen Cven dagvemorCilneT?"
bolos mironis kurTxevis sakiTxi, bunebrivia, Tuki V saukuneSi
saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefalia srulyofili iyo, mironis kurTxevac V
saukunidan daiwyo, Tumca mironis kurTxevis sakiTxs IX saukuneSi moRvawe
efrem mawyverels miaweren.
vfiqrob, saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaliis sakiTxi erT-erTi
umniSvnelovanesia Cveni eklesiis istoriaSi da Semdgom kvleva-Ziebasa da
Seswavlas eqvemdebareba.

damowmebuli literatura

v. goilaZe, 1991 - v. goilaZe, qarTuli eklesiis saTaveebTan, Tb., 1991.

b. lominaZe, 1981 - b. lominaZe, saqarTvelos sapatriarqo da misi
avtokefalia, saRvTismetyvelo krebuli, #12, Tb., 1981.
sabinini, 1882 - sabinini, saqarTvelos samoTxe, sankt-pet., 1882.
qarTlis cxovreba, 1955 - qarTlis cxovreba, t. I, s. yauxCiSvilis
redaqciiT, Tb., 1955.
a. jafariZe, 2003 - mitropoliti anania jafariZe, saqarTvelos
saeklesio krebebi, II, Tb., 2003; III - 2003.

LEVAN TKESHELASHVILI

ON THE AUTOCEPHALY QUESTION OF THE GEORGIAN

APOSTOLIC CHURCH

It is believed that apostles of Christ preached the Christian faith in Georgia in 40s-
50s of the first century.
Since 468, during King Vakhtang Gorgasali, the Georgian Church has gained
autocephaly.
The Georgian Church is mentioned in the ancient sources as “Saint Andrew’s
chapel” that is why it is natural that when speaking about the roots of the Georgian
Church it is of Jerusalem origin.
During His Holiness Archbishop Peter of Antioch the convention took resolution to
declare the Iberia Church free and autocephalous, but only under the subordination of the
Patriarch of Antioch. The Sixth World Religious Convention confirmed Georgian
Church independence.
In the 11th century the discussion between Theodosius, the Patriarch of Antioch,
and Giorgi of Mtatsminda (Mtatsmindeli) seems strange and ambiguous. However,
Giorgi Mtatsmindeli perfectly agued his position that as long as the Georgian Church had
been established by Saint Andrew it was fair to “the called to be obedient to the
namesgiver,” and as for the Antioch Church it was founded by Saint Peter.
The question of autocephaly of the Georgian Church is one of the most important issues
in the history of our Church that deserves further investigation