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Optimizadores Econmicos
OPTIMIZACION ECONOMICA DE
EXPLOTACION
1.- INTRODUCCION
Inverso a la distancia
Donde:
B
= Beneficio
Pr
RM = Recuperacin metalrgica
G
= Ley media
Tipos de algoritmos
Heurstica : no tiene demostracin
matemtica que asegure su validez. Es
el mtodo del cono flotante
Rigurosos: aquellos cuya optimizacin
tiene una completa demostracin
matemtica. El mtodo de Lerchs y
Grossmann.
Ejemplo:
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
+1
-2
-2
+4
-2
-2
+7
+1
-3
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-2
-2
+4
-2
+7
+1
-3
-1
-2
-1
-1
-2
-1
-2
+7
-2
+1
-2
-3
-2
+1
-2
-3
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
+1
-2
-2
+4
-2
-2
+7
+1
-3
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-2
-2
-2
-2
-2
+10
-3
+10
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-2
-2
-2
-2
-2
+10
-3
+10
-1
pero:
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-2
-2
-2
-2
-2
+10
-3
+10
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
+5
-2
-2
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
+5
-2
-2
+5
+5
-1-1-1-1-1+5-2-2+5 = +1 se extrae
todo
-1
-1
-1
-1
+5
-2
-2
-1-1-1+5 = +2 se extrae
+5
-1-1-2-2+5 = -1 no se extrae
-1
-1
Pr
Pr
Pr
-6
-6
-6
12
18
18
-6
-6
-6
-6
-6
-6
-6
-6
-6
-6
-6
-6
18
18
12
-6
-6
-6
-6
-6
-6
-6
-6
-6
-6
-6
-6
12
18
18
-6
-6
-6
-6
-6
-6
-6
-6
-6
18
18
12
-6
-6
-6
-6
-6
-6
-6
-6
12
18
18
-6
-6
-6
-6
-6
18
18
12
-6
-6
-6
-6
12
18
18
-6
18
18
12
-6
Cuadro N 2
0
-6
-6
-6
-6
12
18
18
-6
-6
-6
-6
-6
-6
-6
-6
-6
-6
-12
-12
-12
12
36
36
12
-12
-12
-12
-12
-12
-12
-12
-12
-12
-18
-18
48
54
30
-12
-18
-18
-18
-18
-18
-18
-18
-24
48
72
48
-24
-24
-24
-24
-24
-24
-6
42
84
66
18
-24
-30
-30
-30
-30
36
84
84
36
-12
-36
-36
-36
78
96
54
-36
-42
96
72
24
-24
-6
+0
-6
-6
+0
-6
-6
+0
-6
-6
+0
-6
12+
0
12
18+
12
30
66
90
114
138
138
150
162
156
150
144
138
132
-12
-6
-18
-12
-6
-18
-12
-6
-18
12
-6
6
36
+12
48
90
120
144
144
156
168
156
150
144
138
132
-18
-18
-36
-18
-18
-36
6
-18
-12
48
+6
54
108
156
156
168
180
162
156
156
138
126
-24
-36
-60
0
-36
-36
48
-12
36
72
+54
126
168
186
198
174
174
174
156
132
-6
-60
-66
42
-36
6
84
+36
120
186
222
198
198
198
180
150
-66
+36
-30
84
+6
90
204
222
228
228
210
180
78
-30
48
186
240
264
246
216
96
+48
144
258
282
258
Arc Relationships
Para que A sea
B
Arc from
A to B
A
minado, B debe
minarse para exponer
A.
No hay marcha hacia
atras
Si B es minado, puede
existir en caso de que A
pueda o no pueda ser
minado
Arc Chaining
C
B
If A is mined
so is C
A
Toda la inclinacion se
traduce en un numero
grande de relaciones de
bloques
Se necesita asumir un
arco de cada bloque a
cada bloque
Esto es poque los arcos
pueden encadenarse
Desired Slope
25
Start (partida)
23.
9
6.9
23.
9
Step 1
23.
9
6.9
23.
9
Step 2
23.
9
23.9 -1 =
6.9
23.
9
22.9
Step 3
23.
9
6.9
23.
9
20.9
Luego tratamos los 2 arcos de este bloque de la misma manera. El
valor total de la rama de los 4 bloques es 20.9.
Step 4
23.
9
6.9
23.
9
17.9
3.9
20.9
Step 5
23.
9
6.9
23.
9
17.9
3.9
20.9
Step 6
23.
9
6.9
23.
9
15.9
3.9
20.9
Step 7
23.
9
6.9
15.9
0.9
23.
9
-1 = -0.1
20.9
Continue adding links. The dotted link when added will change the
value of the branch to 0.1. All blocks in the model have their flags
turned off.
Step 8
23.
9
6.9
23.
9
15.9
-0.1
20.9
Este arco marca una evaluacin debil (- 0.1) por lo que puede ser
ayudado por el arco de la rama derecha
Step 9
23.
9
15.9
6.9
23.
9
20.8
Step 10
23.
9
8.9
6.9
23.
9
16.8
Lerchs-Grossman detects that the extra waste will remove the ability
of the centre branch to co-operate with the right hand branch in
paying for the mining of the circled block.
Step 11
23.
9
6.9
23.
9
8.9
-0.1
15.9
Step 12
23.
9
6.9
23.
9
-0.1
-0.1
8.9
Continue adding links and eventually the total value of the left-hand
branch becomes negative. The next arc after this is again between a
positive and negative branch.
Step 13
23.
9
6.9
23.
9
-0.1
8.8
This is dealt with in the same way as before, and the left and righthand branches are combined into one, with one total value.
Step 14
23.
9
6.9
23.
9
-0.1
0.8
The L-G program scans for arcs from blocks which are flagged to
blocks which are not flagged. We can see that in this instance it will
find none and the optimization is complete
Optimal Pit
23.
9
6.9
23.
9
The flagged blocks constitute the optimal pit. The W-shaped pit is
worth 0.8. The centre branch has a negative value so none of its
blocks are flagged and none are mined.
RESUMEN