lash Local processor Flash setting Zoom and exposure User Lens Local processor Main 5 Selection and Focusing drive microprocessor | = composten Aporture and Expose and focus | mode 00m control control 2 Fim poodand | 3 rewind Figure 1.31 | Automatic camera. Itshase principle of opertion during the execution ofa program i: The program is scanned very fs ord all input states. The outputs are then set according to the logic specified in che program, Almost i aurol systems nowadays use either microprocessor-based microcontrollers or PLCs. The following examp Istrates how microprocessor-hased systems are used to control the processes in the system and replace 1]chanical a modern camera using film, we can ee automatic focusing and exposure facilities, The basic cements of + control system used in an automatic camera are body; lenses and flash. Figure 1.31 depicts an automatic nner gystem, Depending upon the mode selected, the required combination of aperture and shutter speed ¢ focus are automaticaly taken care ofby the camera, Atypical camera sytem comprises drives and sensors, erfaces for lenses, fash and user. Drives are required for film advance, ewind, shuttet movement, focusing, om et. The sensors are essentially used for sensing film speed, counters, focus, exposure, zoom, et, Microprocessor systems for lenses, user and flash are incorporated for controlling various operations. ie user is expected to fed information for achieving the desied composition, When the witch is ON, veivaes the syste andthe object is phoragraphed, The microprocessor takes the input fom the range sor and sends the output ro che lens. The lens position is fed back to the microprocessor and it modifies zsame. The light sensor gives an input tothe microprocesor, and the microprocessor givesan ourput to be termined, When the photographer selects the shurter controller, the shutter opens up forthe photograph the photograph i taken, the microprocessor gives an output to the moor civ ro advance the film for + next photograph, controllers, nes woven ee