DATA SHEET M108/M208 SINGLE CHIP ORGAN iven the great popularity of the Victory organ that we've been featuring in ETI since February, it isn’t surprising that there have been many enquiries about fur- ther information on the SGS-Ates cchips that form the heart of the pro- ject. This Data Sheet should clear up ‘most of the questions. The M108/M208 is a single chip organ featuring solo andlor accompaniment modes. it accepts 61 keys arranged in a 12 x 6 matrix; a scanning cycle takes 576 microseconds and_all keys pressed are accepted. There are two keyboard formats: either 61_ keys Golo) or 24 plus 37 (M108), 17 plus 44 (M208) keys (accompaniment and solo) with the possibility of automatic chords of the ‘accompaniment’ sec: tion. There are internal anti-bounce 2 A top octave synthesizer is incorporated for the generation of three ‘footages’. More than one chip can be employed with synchronisation through the reset input. There are separate analogue outputs (for each foo!) for solo, accompaniment and_ bass sections (square wave of 50% duty cycle) with the average value constant. Each section also has 'key down’ and ‘trigger’ outputs. Sustain is provided for the last Keys released in'the solo section. There are several choices of operating mode inthe. accompaniment section: © Manual, with or without memorisation of the selected keys (free chords with alternate bass), © Automatic, with “or without memorisation ‘of the selected key (priority to the left for automatic somes ss" Bie ' ise [Fi Stirs t —Tt SS ‘ecooen | 4 Fig. 1 Block diagram of the IC. ETI JUNE 1983 chords and bass arpeggio). When in automatic mode there are again several possibilities: '® Major or minor third © With or without seventh. The chip operates "from a standard single supply of +12 V 45%, with a low dissipation of less, than’ 600 mW. All inputs are protected from electrostatic discharges. General Characteristics The characteristics of the M208 are similar to those of the M108; the only difference is the keyboard split, which is 24437 for the M108 and 17+44 for the M208 when used in ‘accompaniment + solo’ mode. ‘The circuit comprises: © Two pins for clock input; one for the matrix scanning, the other for the incorporated Top Octave Synthesizer (TOS); by connecting both the clock inputs to the same matrix scanning clock (1000.12 kHz), the three footages generated are 16’, 8° and be © ‘Six inputs from the octave bars tkeyboard and control scanning). © Three multiplexed data inputs for addressing the bass selection. These inputs normally come from the outputs of an external memory (negative or positive logic with control inside the chip), © Eight signal outputs divided by section: three for the solo section (167, 8", 4"), four for the accompaniment section (16 oF root, 8 or 3rd, 4° or Sth, Bth/7th according to operating mode), one for the bass. © Twelve outputs for the matrix scanning, ‘@ Five trigger and key down outputs: KPS (key pressed solo), TDS (trigger decay solo), KPA _ (key pressed accompaniment), NPA (pitch present in accompaniment outputs), TOB (trigger decay bass) respectively. These outputs, in conjunction with an external time constant, allow the formation of the envelope of the sustain and percussion effects, The duration of ‘the trigger pulses. is approximately 9 milliseconds © One input (reset) to synchronize the device or more than one device (with the same keyboard scanning and using a single contact pet key) The reset action, provided by a n { |—_—_—_—_—_—_—_—_———————————————— external circuit, is of the power-on reset (high active) type and its duration must be approximately 0.5 liseconds. © One TEST pin (in use it must be connected t0 Veo). © Two supply pins. Features The main feature of this chip is the possibility of formating the keyboard either with 61 keys (only ‘solo’ without automatism) or separating it into two sections (accompaniment + solo’) with the possibility of chord and bass automatic in the first section. © The ‘61/24 + 37° (17 + 44) control chooses the keyboard operating mode, ie the whole keyboar dedicated to ‘solo’ or 24 (17) keys dedicated to ‘accompaniment’ and 37 (44) to ‘solo’. © The ‘Man/Auto’ control, which operates only in case of ‘accompaniment and solo’, chooses the manual or the automatic accompaniment. @ The ‘Sust OFF/Sust ON’ allows the storage of the ‘solo’ section and hhandles the whole keyboard or 37 (48) keys depending onthe operating © The ‘TaichlLatch’ similarly allows the storage of the ‘accompaniment’ + solo’ only. @ The “3rd /3rd—’ which operates ‘only in case of ‘accompaniment + solo’ and ‘automatic’ changes. the automatic chord generated from ‘major to minor or vice versa. veel ser sono “ent rm smoot eas] ag »Gj Fig, 2 Pin connections for the Mi08/M208. n MATRIX ORGANISATION (KEYBOARD AND CONTROLS) ‘108/206 Octave bar inputs nn) 2 GG CH GH CH DD, Dt OF Dat B & Ob Roo Fe ® rat Be Rt GG G B |cH GH GH Gat | FO lA AAO FAA AE AE m [8 8 8 B © The ‘7th OFF/7th ON’ adds the seventh ‘to the automatic chord generated. © The ‘Antibounce ON/Antibounce OFF’ disables the antibounce circuit which is usually enabled. @ The ‘ROM Low/ROM High’ selects between ROMs with return to ‘1’ (Low active) or with return to ‘0" (High active). Usually the chip is enabled for ROMs with return to ‘V’ (Low active) ‘Solo’ Operation tn this case the chip recog the whole Keyboard as ‘solo! and does not read the controls which ‘concern the ‘accompaniment + solo’ ‘operation. The chip identifies all the keys pressed and transfers to the outputs of each section the analogue sum of corresponding pitches. The outputs are current generators with average value constant, therefore itis sufficient to connect the pins to one load and send the signals on to the filters. In the case of ‘Sustain OFF’ each new key pressed or released. is accepted of deleted in a time less than_576 microseconds. In the case of ‘Sustain ON’ the chip has a different. operation according to whether the new key (keys) is pressed or released: each new key pressed is always accepted in a time less than 576 microgeconds, whereas each Key released is.deleted with a delay of 7: milliseconds and only if there are still keys pressed. In fact, if after the 73 milliseconds there ‘are no keys pressed, the last key (or, keys) released remains stored until new keys are pressed. In this mode it is possible to have Sustain, with external envelope shaping, for the last keys (or key) released. The pitch Gis the fist key onthe left, Cis the last key onthe right ofthe keyboard, Bs Bs. a Ci# 7th OFFI7th ON 0, aed ¥/3rd- D,# Sust. OFF/Sust. ON € Tattatch ManiAuto Fat 6124+ 3707 + 48) G, —_Antibounce ON/Antibounce OFF Gt ROM LowiROM High ‘envelope is controlled by a DC signal RPS (any Key pressed), and there i also an AC signal TOS (trigger decay solo) which provides a pulse whenever a key is pressed. An appropriate antibounce circuit, inside the chip, solves the problems associated with the keyboard contacts. ‘Solo + Accompaniment’ Operation In this case the chip identifies the ‘accompaniment’ on the first 24 (17) keys on the left, and the ‘solo’ on the remaining 37 (44) keys and reads all the controls which concern the ‘ac- companiment’ section. The ‘solo’ function is identical to ‘61 keys’ mode, but for the ‘accompaniment’ section there are two possibilities: Manual The chip identifies which keys are pressed in the ‘accompaniment’ sec- tion, and transfers to the ‘accompani- ment’ outputs the analogue sum of the corresponding pitches. The ‘ac- companiment’ section is. fully dependent of the ‘solo’ section and the signals (if there is no ‘latch’) re- ‘main at the output only while the keys are pressed even if there is ‘sus- tain on’ The ‘bass’ section gives at the bass output an alternating bass bet- Fig. 3 The input clock waveform. ET JUNE 1083ween the frst on the left and the first garam mae Cn the tight ofthe keys pressed in the = ‘accompaniment’ section; the pitch RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS switching timing is dependent on an external ROM three bits). The “ac- {companiment’ control stores the last keys released and the output signals, ‘Min. | typ. | Max. [Unit Veo _ Highest supply voltage val [ely including the bass output, remain un. STATIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Postivelopic, Voo=+10 to +14 V, til new keys are pressed. The TDB — Va=0V, Tay=0 to 50°C unless otherwise specified) (tigger decay bass) output gives a Pulse corresponding to every output yy mast change:_there are also two DC PUT SIGN FEATURE : Data Sheet | | | | signals, KPA (any key pressed accom. | Vw Input high vollage [Note ¥ cea) Yeo_| V | paniment) and NPA (pitches in out- Note Z 4 we Vv | put accompaniment) relative only to Note 3 Voo=2| Voo | V. j the ‘accompaniment’ section. The [V, —inpat low vokage Note 1 Ve Vari |v first of these signals (analogous to Nate Z 7 Vro6 KPS) concerns the keyboard and e i does not consider the ‘latch’ condi- noe 3 — Vet?) v tion. The second on the contrary con- [lo Input leakage curent[Vj=14V Tox a50C 10 [A cers the ‘accompaniment’ output and considers the ‘latch’ condition. occ siGNAL OUTPUTS Row Output resistance with 300°] 500" John ‘Automatic respect 1 Vis ‘The chip recognizes in the ‘accom- Re, Output resistance with animent’ section only the first on respect 10 Voo Veur=Voo=1 15 | 25. pelohmd the left of the keys pressed and, ac- ever ff cording tothe setting ofthe following |S rgrvaaage r= wy controls, produces a major or minor chord with or without seventh only the 4° footage but with separated | Vax Output low vohage lvat0.2Nu+0.4) v outputs for root, third, fifth and : eighth (or seventh if the chord is with power DISSIPATION seventh, loo _ Supply current Tana = 25°C 30 45 | ma The bass section gives the bass arpesgio among root, third, fourth, ANALOGUE SIGNAL OUTPUTS the external load must be connected to Vas) fifth, ‘sixth, seventh and eighth with (7, output current with oeded wih BT 3S | Se |S pitch switching dependent on an ex- |" Ousput current fees tS ternal ROM (3 bits). In automatic reapers to Voo/2 resistor vera Voo/2 mode the two octaves of the ‘accom. | a Output curent with [Outputs loaded with THO] 38] =30 | 70 Twa paniment’ section inside the chip are respect 0 Vis resistor verses Vol? connected in parallel both for the | Note: Refers only tothe Jock inputs chord and for hella tiesione by ‘Note 2: Refers only to the inputs from the extemal memor pressing any one of the two keys 0 Se eee the same note the chip generates the | Note 3 Refers only fo the reset input aoe DYNAMIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS The fatcy contol stores the ma: ASTER CLOCK INPUT jor chord and the bass pitches (until [¢~~rp cek tequeney near Tw mnew keys are pressed); the modifica- tion of the chord stored (from major | && Input clock rise and fal | 000.12 Ke @ [0s 1 to minor, addition ‘of seventh) is time 10% to 90% always possible by operating the pro: [Gt Input clack ON and OFF i per controls: by releasing these con- times 100 tte oa ee trol the chord becomes major again His. pogsibfe to delete the stored pit. yop OCTAVE SYNTHESISER CLOCK INPUT ‘automatic’ mode by a latch control [| f__!nput clock frequency 300 [1000.12 2500 [kre signal. TInt clock rise and fall | 7000-13 RH 1s times 10% to 90% Once again there are KPA, NPA, and | marcia OG OFF ‘TDB information; however the TDB pulse, which normally appears at times 2000 katz 250 1S each arrival of the ROM codes, does. not appear if there are no pitches in _ TDS and TO8 OUTPUTS the ‘accompaniment’ (and bass) out [= ule duration 1660 Ke ae is puts or, in the case of alter ae {in manual, mode) if the codes in- | “* Tepes and al ties 1000 00 8 dicate conditions of indifference. 2 » ETI JUNE 1983, nFEATURE : Data Sheet pelo sm og je ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS i | carne saes [Van SOUICE supply volage with respectto Va, (0316 +20V, $212 po me sas uo san or tout 2 (ND) pedis eee ee 06 86 8& |v, — Inputvotagewith respecttoV., 0310 +20V mow ov any gzn ony oan sep um ses aes [lp Qutbutcurtent at any pin ima Pa ee epee |p, Operating temperature oro 50°C Sr Se GG Ge be _ | sttesses above those sted under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage = tothe device. This i a stress ating only and functional operation othe device at these or any Siew SES ‘other condition above those indicated in the operational sections of his specification Isnt i seen tae plied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect Gevice one fei. Fig. 4 The frequency range of each odlave (16, 8,4" footage fe gee pf BF iT ith it Fig, 5 Connection of the keyboard ar or connesonOs Yo HEY NOT mESLO‘ON and control switches, Sen BASS TRUTH TABLES ~ tow Active (Change 18 to 0s and vice versa for high active) External Bass Ar Output, Alternate Bass Output — semen Cote ‘Automatic mode) ‘Manual mode) TPa ya To change No thange 1 |i [to Root ston the let riot Se i | 8 | a opal seialet a 1st one gt | 3 fifo an 8 fo [3 ah oealecea a) ah & }sooue Fig. 6 A typical application. m ze [aman ETl ETI JUNE 1963,