CBSE CBSE Class 9 NCERT Solution Mathematics Number System

CBSE Class 9th NCERT Solution: Mathematics
Chapter 1
Number System
Exercise: 1.1
p
Question 1: Is zero a rational number? Can you write it in the form , where p and q are
q
integers and q 0?
0
Solution: Yes, we may rewrite 0 as (where 0 and 1 are integers and q=1 which is not equal to
1
zero).
Question 2: Find six rational numbers between 3 and 4.

Solution: There can be infinitely many rational between 3 and 4, one way to take them is
21
28
.
3 and 4
7
7
First rational number between 3 and 4
21 28 49
+
21
28 7
7
7
7
q1 = (rational number between and
=
=
=
7
7
2
2
2
21 7 28
< <
7 2 7
Second rational number between 3 and 4
21 7
+
21
7 7 2 91
q2 (rational number between and =
=
7
2
2
28
21 91 7 28
<
<
7 28 2 7
Get Study Material, Solved Question Papers, Syllabus, Sample Papers, Experts video, Online Test
And much more.
Third rational number between 3 and 4
7 28 49
+
7
28 2 7
105
7
q 3 = (rational number between and
=
=
=
2
7
2
2
28
21 91 7 105 28
7 28 2 28
7
21 175 91 7 203 105 217 28
Similarly,
7
56 28 2 56
28
56
7
175 91 7 203 105 217
Hence, the six rational numbers that are all lying between 3 and 4 is
.
, , ,
,
,
56 28 2 56 28 56
3
4
Question 3: Find five rational numbers between and .
5
5
3
4
Solution: Let a and b
5
5
a b
A rational number between a and b =
2
3 4
+
3
4 5 5
7
7
A rational number between and =
=
=
5
5
2
5 2 10
3 7 4
<
<
5 10 5
3 7
+
3
7 5 10 (6 + 7) 13
Now, a rational number between and =
=
=
5
10
2
10 2 20
3 13 7 4

5 20 10 5
25 27 15
3
4
Similarly,
are rational numbers between and .
, ,
40 40 20
5
5
25 13 27 7 15
Hence, required rational numbers are , , , , .
40 20 40 10 20
And much more.
Question 4: State whether the following statements are true or false. Give reasons for your
answers.
(i) Every natural number is a whole number.
(ii) Every integer is a whole number.
(iii) Every rational number is a whole number.
Solution:
(i) True, because natural numbers are 1, 2, 3, 4,..., and whole numbers are 0, 1, 2,
3, 4, 5, .., .
OR
The collections of whole numbers contain all the natural numbers.

(ii) False ( negative integers are not included in the list of whole numbers.)
1 6 10
(iii) False , , are not whole numbers.
3 7 19
Exercise: 1.2
Question 1: State whether the following statements are true or false. Justify your answers.
(i) Every irrational number is a real number.
(ii) Every point on the number line is of the form m , where m is a natural number.
(iii) Every real number is an irrational number.
Solution:
(i) True (Since, Real number = Rational number + Irrational number)
(ii) False (Since, no negative can be the square root of any natural number)
And much more.
(iii) False (Since, rational numbers are also present in the set of real numbers)
Question 2: Are the square roots of all positive integers irrational? If not, give an example of the
square root of a number that is a rational number.
Solution: No, the square roots of all positive integers are not irrational.
For Example,
9 3
Here, 3` is a rational number.
Question 3: Show how

Solution: We know that,
5 can be represented on the number line.

5 4 1
2 1
2
Draw of right angled triangle OQP, such that

OQ = 2 Units
PQ = 1 Unit
And
OQP = 90
Now, by using Pythagoras theorem, we have
OP 2 OQ 2 PQ 2
22 12
OP 4 1
5
Now, take O as centre OP 5 as radius, draw an arc, which intersects the line at point R.
Hence, the point R represents 5 .
And much more.
Question 4: Classroom activity (constructing the square root spiral`).

Solution: Take a large sheet of paper and construct the square root spiral in the following
fashion. Start with a point O and draw a line segment OP1 of unit length. Draw a line segment
P1 P2 perpendicular to OP1 of unit length (see figure).
Now, draw a line segment P2 P3 perpendicular to OP2 . Then draw a line segment P3 P4
perpendicular to OP3 . Continuing in this manner, you can get the line segment Pn 1 Pn by drawing
a line segment of unit length perpendicular to OPn 1 . In This manner, you will have created the
points P2 , P3 ,........., Pn ,......, and joined them to create a beautiful spiral depicting
2, 3, 4,......
Exercise: 1.3
Question 1: Write the following in decimal form and say what kind of decimal expansion each
has
36
(i)
100
And much more.
1
(ii)
11
1
(iii) 4
8
3
(iv)
13
2
(v)
11
329
(vi)
400
Solution:
36
(i) Clearly,
can be written as 0.36
100
36
= 0.36
100
(Terminating decimal)
(ii) Dividing 1 by 11, we get
0.0909
11) 100
99
100
99
1
1
0.090909... 0.09
11
(Non-terminating repeating)
1 4 8 1 33
(iii) We have, 4
8
8
8
Dividing 33 by 8, we get
And much more.
33
4.125
8
(Terminating)
(iv) We have, 3/13

3
0.230769
13
(Non- terminating repeating)
(v) We have, 2/11

And much more.
2
0.181818... 0.18
11
(Non-terminating repeating)
(vi) We have, 320/400

329/400 = 0.8225
(Terminating)
1
Question 2: You know that 0.142857 . Can you predict what the decimal expansions of
7
2 3 4 5 6
, , , , are, without actually doing the long division. If so; how?
7 7 7 7 7
1
[Hint Study the remainders while finding the value of carefully.]
7
1
Solution: We have, 0.142857
7
And much more.
2
1
2
7
7
2 0.142857
2
0.285714
7
3
1
3
7
7
3 0.142857
3
0.428571
7
4
1
4
7
7
4 0.142857
4
0.571428
7
5
1
5
7
7
5 0.142857
5
0.714285
7
6
1
6
7
7
6 0.142857
6
0.857142
7
p
Question3: Express the following in the form
where p and q are integers and q 0 .
q
(i) 0.6
(ii) 0.47
(iii) 0.001
And much more.
Solution:
(i) Let
x = 0.6 = 0.666
(i)
Multiplying Eq. (i) by 10, we get

10 x = 6.666
(ii)
On subtracting Eq. (ii) from Eq. (i), we get

(10 x x) = (6.666) (0.666)
9x = 6
x = 6/9
x = 2/3
(ii) Let
x = 0.47 = 0.4777.
(iii)
Multiplying Eq. (iii) by 10, we get

10 x = 4.777
(iv)
Multiplying Eq. (iv) by 10, we get

100 x = 47.777
(v)
On subtracting Eq. (v) from Eq. (iv), we get

(100 x 10 x) = (47.777) (4.777)
43
90 x = 43 x =
90
(iii) Let
x = 0.001 = 0.001001001
(vi)
Multiplying Eq. (vi) by (1000), we get

1000 x = 1.001001001
(vii)
On subtracting Eq. (vii) by Eq. (vi), we get

(1000 x x) = (1.001001001.) (0.001001001.)
And much more.
999 x = 1
1
x=
999
p
Question 4: Express 0.99999 in the form . Are you surprised by your answer? With your
q
teacher and classmates discuss why the answer makes sense.
Solution: Let
x = 0.99999
(i)
Multiplying Eq. (i) by 10, we get

10 x = 9.99999
(ii)
On subtracting Eq. (ii) by Eq. (i), we get
(10 x x) = (9.99999) (0.99999)
9x=9
9
x=
9
x=1
Question 5: What can the maximum number of digits be in the

repeating block of digits in the decimal expansion of? Perform the
division to check your answer.
Solution: The maximum number of digits in the repeating block of
1
is 17 1 = 16
digits in the decimal expansion of
17
See the figure beside,
We have,
And much more.
1
Thus,
0.0588235294117647.... , a block of 16 digits is repeated.
17
p
Question 6: Look at several examples of rational numbers in the form q 0 . Where, p and q
q
are integers with no common factors other than 1 and having terminating decimal representations
(expansions). Can you guess what property q must satisfy?
p
Solution: Consider many rational numbers in the form q 0 , where p and q are integers
q
with no common factor other that 1 and having terminating decimal representations.
1 1 5 36 7 19 29
etc.
Let the various such rational numbers be , , , ,
, ,
2 4 8 25 125 20 16
In all cases, we think of the natural number which when multiplied by their respective
denominators gives 10 or a power of 10.
1 1 5 5
0.5
2 2 5 10
1 1 25 25
0.25
4 4 25 100
5 5 125
8 8 125
625
0.625
=
1000
36 36 4 144
1.44
25 25 4 100
7
78
56
0.056
125 125 8 100
19 19 5 95
0.95
20 20 5 100
29 29 625 18125
1.8125
16 16 625 10000
From the above, we find that the decimal expansion of above numbers are terminating. Along
with we see that the denominators of above numbers are in the form 2m 5n , where m and n are
And much more.
natural numbers. So, the decimal representation of rational numbers can be represented as a
terminating decimal.
Question 7: Write three numbers whose decimal expansions are non-terminating non-recurring.
Solution: 0.74074007400074000074
0.6650665006650006650000
0.70700700070000
Question 8: Find three different irrational numbers between the rational

5
9
numbers and .
7
11
Solution: To find irrational numbers, firstly we shall divide 5 by 7 and 9 by
11,
So,
Thus,
5
0.714285... 0.714285
7
Thus,
9
0.8181... 0.81
11
The required numbers are
0.73073007300073000073...
0.7650765007650007650000...
0.80800800080000...
Question 9: Classify the following numbers as rational or irrational

(i)
23
(ii)
225
And much more.
(iii) 0.3796
(iv) 7.478478...
(v) 1.101001000100001...
Solution:
(i) Irrational (Since, it is not a perfect square.)
(ii) Rational (Since, it is a whole number)
(iii) 0.3796 = Rational (terminating)
(iv) 7.478478 = 7.478 = Rational (non-terminating repeating.)
(v) 1.101001000100001 = Irrational (non-terminating non-repeating.)
Exercise: 1.4
Question 1: Visualize 3.765 on the number line, using successive magnification.
Solution: We know that, 3.765 lies between 3 and 4. So, let us divide the part of the number line
between and 3 and 4 into 10 equal parts and look at the portion between 3.7 and 3.8 through a
magnifying glass. Now 3.765 lies between 3.7 and 3.8 Figure 1. Now, we imagine to divide this
again into ten equal parts. The first mark will represent 3.71, the next 3.72 and soon. To see this
clearly, we magnify this as shown in Figure 2.
Again 3.765 lie between 3.76 and 3.77 Figure 2. So, let us focus on this portion of the number
line Figure 3 and imagine dividing it again into ten equal parts Figure 3. Here, we can visualize
that 3.761 is the first mark and 3.765 is the 5th mark in these subdivisions. We call this process of
visualization of representation of number on the number line through a magnifying glass as the
process of successive magnification.
So, we get seen that it is possible by sufficient successive magnification of visualize the position
(or representation) of a real number with a terminating decimal expansion on the number line.
And much more.
Question 2: Visualize 4.26 on the number line, upto 4 Decimal places.

Solution: We adopt process by successive magnification and successively decrease the length of
the portion of the number line in which 4.26 is located. Since 4.26 is located between 4 and 5
and is divided into 10 equal parts Figure 1. In further, we locate 4.26 between 4.2 and 4.3
Figure 2.
To get more accurate visualization of the representation, we divide this portion into 10 equal
parts and use a magnifying glass to visualize that 4.26 lies between 4.26 and 4.27. To visualize
4.26 more clearly we divide again between 4.26 and 4.27 into 10 equal parts and visualize the
representation of 4.26 between 4.262 and 4.263 Figure 3.
Now, for a much better visualization between 4.262 and 4.263 is again divided into 10 equal
parts Figure 4. Notice that 4.26 is located closer to 4.263 then to 4.262 at 4.2627.
And much more.
Remark We can adopt the process endlessly in this manner and simultaneously
imagining the decrease in the length of the number line in which 4.26 is located.
Exercise: 1.5
Question 1: Classify the following numbers as rational or irrational.
(i) 2 5
(ii) (3 23) 23
And much more.
2 7
(iii)
7 7
1
(iv)
2
(v) 2
Solution:
(i) Irrational (Since, 2 is a rational number and
5 is an irrational number)
Therefore, 2 5 is an irrational number.

Since, the difference of a rational number and an irrational number is irrational.
(ii) 3 + 23 23 3 (Rational)
2 7 2
(iii)
(Rational)
7 7 7
1
(Irrational since, 1 0 is a rational number and
(iv)
2
2 0 is an irrational number)
1
is an irrational number.
Therefore,
2
Since, the quotient of a non-zero rational number with an irrational number is irrational.
(v) 2 (Irrational, since 2 is a rational number and is an irrational number)

Therefore, 2 is an irrational number.
Since the product of a non-zero rational number with an irrational number is an irrational.
Question 2: Simplify each of the following expressions:

(i) (3 3) (2 2)
And much more.
(ii) (3 3) (3 3)
(iii) ( 5 2)
(iv) ( 5 2) ( 5 2)
Solution:
(i) (3 3) (2 2)
3(2 2) 3 2 2
63 2 2 3 6
(ii) (3 3) (3 3) 3
2
[ (a b) (a b) a 2 b2 ]
93 6
(iii) ( 5 2)
2
2 5 2 ( 2) 2
[ (a b)2 a 2 2ab b2 ]
5 2 10 2
7 2 10
(iv) ( 5 2) ( 5 2)
52 3
[ (a b) (a b) a 2 b2 ]
Question 3: Recall, is defined as the ratio of the circumference (say c) of a circle to its
c
diameter (say d). That is . This seems to contradict the fact that is irrational. How will
d
you resolve this contradiction?
c 22
Solution: Actually
which is an approximate value of .
d 7
And much more.
Question 4: Represent 9.3 on the number line.

Solution: Firstly we draw AB = 9.3 units. Now, from B, mark a distance of 1 unit. Let this point
be C. Let O be the mid-point of AC. Now, draw a semi-circle with centre O and radius OA. Let
us draw a line perpendicular to AC passing through point B and intersecting the semi-circle at
point D.
Therefore, The distance BD = 9.3

Draw an arc with centre B and radius BD which intersects the number line at point E, then the
point E represents 9.3 .
Question 5: Rationalize the denominator of the following:
1
(i)
7
(ii)
1
7 6
(iii)
1
5 2
(iv)
1
7 2
Solution:
And much more.
1
7
7
(i)
=
7
7
7
(ii)
(Multiplying and Dividing by 7 )
1
7 6
7 6
7 6
7 6
2
2
76
7 6
7 6
( 7) ( 6)
(Multiplying and dividing by 7 6 )

1
5 2
5 2
2
2
5+ 2
5 2 ( 5) ( 2)
(iii)
(Multiplying and dividing by 5 2 )
5 2
5 2
52
3
1
7 2
7 2
7 2
7 2 ( 7) 2 22
(iv)
(Multiplying and Dividing by 7 2 )
7 2
7 2
74
3
Exercise: 1.6
Question 1: Find:
(i) 64
1
2
(ii) 32
1
5
(iii) 125
1
3
Solution:
1
2
1
2
(i) 64 (8 8) 8
1
2
(Since, (a m )n a mn )
And much more.
1
5
1
5
(ii) 32 (2 2 2 2 2) 2
1
3
1
3
(iii) 125 (5 5 5) 5
1
3
1
5
Question 2: Find
(i) 9
3
2
(ii) 32
2
5
(iii) 16
3
4
(iv) 125
1
3
Solution:
3
2
3
2 2
(i) 9 (3 ) 3 27
2
5
2
5 5
(ii) 32 (2 ) 22 4
3
4
3
4 4
(iii) 16 (2 ) 23 8
(iv) 125
1
3
(5 )
3
1
3
1
5
5
1
Question 3: Simplify:
2
3
(i) 2 .2
1
5
1
(ii) 3
3
And much more.
(iii)
1
2
11
1
4
11
1
2
(iv) 7 .8
1
2
Solution:
2
3
1
5
(i) 2 .2 2
2 1
3 5
(Since, x .x x
a
103
15
a b
13
15
1
1
1
(ii) 3 37 21 321
3
3 3
(iii)
1
2
11
1
4
1
2
11 11
1
4
1 1
2 4
11
(Since, ( x ) x )
a b
2 1
4
11
11
ab
xa
a b
x
(Since, b
)
x
1
4
11
1
2
1
2
1
2
(iv) 7 .8 (7.8) (56)
1
2
(Since, x a . y a ( xy)a )
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CBSE Class 9th NCERT Solution: Mathematics

Question 2: Find six rational numbers between 3 and 4.

First rational number between 3 and 4

CBSE Class 9th NCERT Solution: Mathematics

Third rational number between 3 and 4

CBSE Class 9th NCERT Solution: Mathematics

The collections of whole numbers contain all the natural numbers.

CBSE Class 9th NCERT Solution: Mathematics

Here, 3` is a rational number.

Question 3: Show how

5 can be represented on the number line.

Draw of right angled triangle OQP, such that

Now, by using Pythagoras theorem, we have

CBSE Class 9th NCERT Solution: Mathematics

Question 4: Classroom activity (constructing the square root spiral`).

P1 P2 perpendicular to OP1 of unit length (see figure).

CBSE Class 9th NCERT Solution: Mathematics

(ii) Dividing 1 by 11, we get

CBSE Class 9th NCERT Solution: Mathematics

(iv) We have, 3/13

(Non- terminating repeating)

(v) We have, 2/11

CBSE Class 9th NCERT Solution: Mathematics

(vi) We have, 320/400

CBSE Class 9th NCERT Solution: Mathematics

CBSE Class 9th NCERT Solution: Mathematics

Multiplying Eq. (i) by 10, we get

On subtracting Eq. (ii) from Eq. (i), we get

Multiplying Eq. (iii) by 10, we get

Multiplying Eq. (iv) by 10, we get

On subtracting Eq. (v) from Eq. (iv), we get

Multiplying Eq. (vi) by (1000), we get

On subtracting Eq. (vii) by Eq. (vi), we get

CBSE Class 9th NCERT Solution: Mathematics

Multiplying Eq. (i) by 10, we get

Question 5: What can the maximum number of digits be in the

CBSE Class 9th NCERT Solution: Mathematics

CBSE Class 9th NCERT Solution: Mathematics

Question 8: Find three different irrational numbers between the rational

The required numbers are

Question 9: Classify the following numbers as rational or irrational

CBSE Class 9th NCERT Solution: Mathematics

CBSE Class 9th NCERT Solution: Mathematics

Question 2: Visualize 4.26 on the number line, upto 4 Decimal places.

CBSE Class 9th NCERT Solution: Mathematics

CBSE Class 9th NCERT Solution: Mathematics

Therefore, 2 5 is an irrational number.

(v) 2 (Irrational, since 2 is a rational number and is an irrational number)

Question 2: Simplify each of the following expressions:

CBSE Class 9th NCERT Solution: Mathematics

CBSE Class 9th NCERT Solution: Mathematics

Question 4: Represent 9.3 on the number line.

Therefore, The distance BD = 9.3

Question 5: Rationalize the denominator of the following:

CBSE Class 9th NCERT Solution: Mathematics

(Multiplying and Dividing by 7 )

(Multiplying and dividing by 7 6 )

(Multiplying and dividing by 5 2 )

(Multiplying and Dividing by 7 2 )

CBSE Class 9th NCERT Solution: Mathematics

CBSE Class 9th NCERT Solution: Mathematics

(iv) 7 .8 (7.8) (56)

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