Native Americans

of South
Carolina

Land
Bridge
Theor
y

50,000 to 16,000 years ago

These
The first
early
American
American
Indians
Indians
came
formed
to SC
hundreds
about 13,000
of nations
BC. There
and groups.
were four main
groups in our state (divided by language)
Siouan
..
Catawba
Cheraw
Waccamaw
PeeDee
Wateree
Santee

Iroquoia
n
The
Algonquian
Saluda
Savannah

Muskoge
an
Yemassee
Kiawah

At least twenty-nine distinct tribes

made their home in South Carolina.

Each tribe or clan was named for a

valuable animal.

Each tribe had its owns chief.

Most tribes also had its on war chief.

Osceola Black Drink

Man Tah Chee Notorious

Cherokee Chief

War Chief

Creek
Chieftain

Outacite
Cherokee
Chieftain

Council meeting
Decision made by all adults who met within
the council.
Very Democratic procedure.

Roles in Society.
Men and Women Native
Americans

Men HuntedSkinned the animals

Provided meat for the tribe to
eat

Artist/MakerCharles Lanman (18191895)

Title/ObjectName Indians Returning from the Hunt
Date 1841
Metropolitain Museum of Art, New York City.

Men also fought in battles and wars, if

necessary.

While forming a
war party, the
Cherokees placed
a sacred quartz
crystal on top of a
red stick and the
warriors filed by.
If one of them
failed to see a
flash of light, he
dropped out of
the undertaking
(Weir).

1660
Cherokee and
Catawba fought
over land.
Came to an
agreement that
land east of the
Saluda to the
Broad river was
shared hunting
land .

Kinship among
American
Indians
depended on
the female.
A person took
his or her
family or clan
name from the
mother

WomenGrew food.
Processed animal
hides and made
clothes.
Could be chiefs!
Cofitaquechi
(coe FEET ah
CHECK ih)on the
Wateree River.

Native American Longhouses near the coast.

Englishman-John White, 1585.

Spirituality
Believed in a Divine Power.
Believed that everything was connected.
Each tribe had a Medicine Man or Shaman- their spritual
leader.

The
Coming
of the
White
Man
Artist: Frederick Styles
Agate (18031844)
Title: Indians Lamenting
the Approach of the
White Man
Metropolitan Museum of
Art,
New York City

Deerskins and beaver fur

trading

From
their
arrival in
1670 the
English
settlers
had good
relations
with the
native
people.

By the 1700s warehouses of Charleston were filled

Traded
pelts
guns,
clothing
with
furs and
pelts.for
Thetrinkets,
Carolina Colony
began
to grow rich from
on the Native American Trade.

Scotsman- Sir Alexander Cummings- befriended

Cherokee and persuaded them to sign a treaty of
Friendship with the English.
1729

The Cherokee War- 1759

Cherokee attacked
frontier settlements.
They were aiding in the fight
against the French for the
British. (French & Indian War)
Yet they were being
mistreated by back country
settlers.

tist: Ralph Earl (17511801)

tle: Marinus Willett

ate: 1791

etropolitain Museum of Art

ew York City

Proclamation of 1763 created to pacify the

Native Americans at the end of the Cherokee
War

Temporary
Boundary
Line

By 1840 the Indian Problem was

over.

Bibliography or Works Cited Page.

Cherokee Indian Fact Sheet, http://www.bigorrin.org/cherokee_kids.htm ,
2009.
Jones, Lewis. South Carolina, A Synoptic History for Laymen. Sanlapper
Publishing; Orangeburg, SC, 1997.
Metropolitain Museum of Art, http://www.metmuseum.org, 2009.
Smithsonian Museum of American History, http://americanhistory.si.edu ,
2009.
South Carolinas Information Highway, http://www.sciway.net/hist/indians/,
2009.
Teachers First, http://www.teachersfirst.com/share/states/states.cfm?state=sc
, 2009.
United States History Images, http://ushistoryimages.com/indian-chiefs.shtm,
2009.