A.

C CIRCUITS

RESONANCE IN A.C

SOLVED

Q.1) An R-L-C series circuit with a resistance of 10 inductance

of 0.2H and a capacitane of 40 f is supplied with a 100 V
supply at variable frequency. Find the following w.r.t series
resonant circuit.
i) the frequency at which resonace taken place
ii) at resonance, find the current.
iii) power
iv) power factor
v) voltage across R-L-C at that time
vi) quality factor
vii)

half power points

viii) resonance and phasor diagram.

Data :

= 10

= 0.2 H

= 40 F

= 100V

i) Resonant frequency f0 =

1
2 LC

1
2 0.2 40 10 6

= 56.3 Hz

A.C CIRCUITS

RESONANCE IN A.C

100

SOLVED

ii) Current

I0

iii) Power factor

pf

= 1

iv) Voltage across

= R. I = 10 10 = 100 V

Voltage across

= XL. I = 2 X 56.3 X 0.2 X 10 = 707.5V

Voltage across

= XC . I =

vi) Quality factor Q

vii)

L
C

10

= 10A

1
2 0.2 40 10 6

0.2

10

40 10 6

10 = 707.5V

= 7.07

Half power point

f1

= f0

f2

= f0

R
4 L
R
4 L

= 56.3
= 56.3

viii) Resonance and phasor diagram

10
4(0.2)
10
4(0.2)

= 52.32 Hz
= 60.3 Hz

A.C CIRCUITS

RESONANCE IN A.C

SOLVED

Q.2) A resistor and a capacitor are connected in series with a

R-L-C series circuit with a resistance of 10 inductance of
0.2H and a capacitane of 40 f is supplied with a 100 V
supply at variable frequency. Find the following w.r.t series
resistance, inductance and capacitance of the circuit.
Data

= 230 V

f0

= 50hHz

I0

= 2A

VC 0
Resistance

Capacitance
At resonance

= 500 V

XC 0

XC 0

V
I0

VC 0
I0

230
2

= 115

500
2

= 250

1
2 50 C

= 12.73 F

XC 0

= XC 0

XL 0

= 250

XL 0

= 2 f0L

250

= 2 x 50 x L
3

A.C CIRCUITS

RESONANCE IN A.C

inductance

SOLVED

= 0.795 H

Q.3) A voltage v(t) = 10 sin wt is applied to a series R-L-C

circuit. At the resonant frequency of the circuit, the voltage
across the capacitor is found to be 500 V. The bandwidth of
the circuit is known to be 400 rod/s and the impedance of the
circuit at resonance is 100 Determine resonant frequency,
upper

and

lower

cut-off

frequencies,

inductance

capacitance.
Data

V (f)

= 10 sin t

VC 0 = 5000 V

BW

= 400 rad/s

R = 100

I0

BW

400

10
2
V
R

= 7.07 V

7.07
100

= 0.0707A

R
L
100
L

= 0.25 H

Q0

Q0

70.72

VC 0
V
1
R

100

7.07

= 70.72

500

C
0.25

C
4

and

A.C CIRCUITS

RESONANCE IN A.C

= 4.99 X 10-9 F

f0

2 LC

1
2 0.25 4.99 10 9

Lower cutoff frequency : f1 = fo +

= 4506 +

SOLVED

= 4506HZ

R
4L

100
4 0.25

= 4537 HZ

Q.4) A series resonant circuit has impedance of 500 at resonant

frequency. Cut-off frequencies are 10kHZ and Hz. Determine
(i) resonant frequency. (ii) value of R-L-C, and (iii) quality factor
at resonant frequency.
Data

= 500

f1

= 100 HZ

f2

= 10 kHZ

BW

= f1 f2 = 10 103 100 = 9900 HZ

f2

= f0

f2

= f0 +

BW
2
BW
2

Addomg Eqs. (i) and (ii)

f1 + f 2

= 2f0

f0

BW

f 1 +f 2
2

10000 + 100

R
2L

= 5050HZ

A.C CIRCUITS

RESONANCE IN A.C

9900
L

SOLVED

500
2L

= 8.038 mH

X L 0 =2f0 L 2 5050 8.038 10-3 = 255.05

At resonance : X L 0 = X c 0 = 255.05
XC 0

255.05

C
Q0

1
2 f 0 C
1
2 5050 C

= 0.12 F
=

1
R

L
C

1
500

8.038 10 3
0.12 10 6

= 0.5176

Q.5) Impedance of a cricuit is obseaved to be capacitive &

decreasing from 1 Hz to 100 Hz. Beyond 100 Hz, the
impedance starts in reasing. Find the values of circuits
elements if the power drawn by this circuit is 100w at 100 Hz
when current is 1A. The power factor of circuit at 70 Hz is
0.707.
Soin

f0

= 100 HZ

P0 = 100 w

I0

= 1A

(pf)70Hz = 0.707

A.C CIRCUITS

RESONANCE IN A.C

SOLVED

The impedance of the circuit is capacitive and decreasing and

1 Hz to 100 Hz. Beyond

100 Hz, the impedance starts

increasing.
f0
P0
100

= 100 Hz
= I02 R
= (I)2 X R

= 100

f0

100

LC

1
2 LC
1
2 LC

= 2.53 X 10-6

Power factor at 70 Hz is 0.0707.

R
Z

= 0.707
=

100
0.707

Impedance At 70 Hz
141.44
2.27 10 3
C

= 141.44
R2 + (X C X L )2

(100)2 +

- 439.82 L

1
2 70 C

= 100.02

Solving Eqs. (i) and (ii) L =

0.2187 H

C =

11.58 F

2 70 L

A.C CIRCUITS

RESONANCE IN A.C

SOLVED

Q.6) A constant voltage at a frequency of 1 MHz is applied to an

inductor in series with a variable capactor. When the capacitor
is set to 500 pF, the current has its maximum value while it is
reduced to one - half when he capacitance is 600 pF. Find
resistance, inductance and Q-factor of inductor.
Soin

f0

At resonance

= 1 MHZ

C1

= 500 pF

C2

= 600 pF

= 500 pF = 500 10-12 F

f0

100

106

1
2 LC
1
2 LC
1
2 L50010 12 F

= 0.05 mH

XL=2f0L = 2 10-6 0.05 10-3 = 314.16

When capacitance is 600 pF, the current reduces to one-half of
the current at resonance,
XC

1
2fC

A.C CIRCUITS

RESONANCE IN A.C

=
V
Z

SOLVED

1
2 10 6 600

10 12

1 V
2 R

= 2R

R12 + (X L X C )2 = 2R
R2 + (314.16 265.26)2 = 4R2
3R2

= 2391.21
R = 28.23

Resistance of inductor,
Quality factor

Q0

0.05 10 3

28.23

500 10 12

= 11.2

Q.7) A coil of 20 resistance has an inductance of 0.2 H and is

connected in parallel with a condenser of 100 F
capacitance. Calculate the frequency at which this circuit will
behave as a non-inductive resistance. Find also the value of
dynamic resistance.
Data

= 20

= 100 F

A.C CIRCUITS

RESONANCE IN A.C

f0

=
Dynamic resistance =
=

CR

CR

R2
L2

SOLVED

0.2 100 10

20 2
0.2

- 31.83 Hz

1
CR
0.2

100 10 6 20

= 100

Q.8) A coil having a resistance of 20 and an inductance of 200

H is connected in parallel with a varilable capacitor. This
parallel resistance of 8000 A voltage of 230 V at a frequency
of 106 Hz is applied across the at resonance, (b) Q factor of
the circuit, c) dynamic impedance of the circuit, and d) total
circuit current.

Data

= 20

L = 200 H

= 106 Hz

V = 230 V

RS

= 8000
10

A.C CIRCUITS

RESONANCE IN A.C

SOLVED

XL = 2fL = 2 106 200 10-6 = 1256.6

f0

10

C
Quality Factor

Q0

LC

R2
L2

200 10 6 20

(20)2
(200 10 6 )2

= 126.65 10-12 F = 126.65 pF

=
=

Dynamic Impedancez

=
=

2L
R
2 10 6 200 10 6

= 62.83

20
L
CR
200 10 6
126.65 10 12 20

= 78958

Total equivalent impedance of circuit at resonance

= 78958 + 800
= 86958
Total circuit current =

230
86958

2.65MA

11

A.C CIRCUITS

RESONANCE IN A.C

12

SOLVED