test at 2400 rpm

pump

series

parallel

V notch (m)

discharge
(m3/s)

suction head (m)

delivery head (m)

P1

P1

P2

P2

0.079
0.07
0.0675
0.06
0.0525
0.045
0.029
0.0835

0.004
0.0034333
0.0028667
0.0023
0.0017333
0.0011667
0.0006
0.0045

4.1
3
2.5
1.9
1.3
1
0.7
1.6

3
7.9
5
13
16
18.1
20
6.2

1.5
3.5
11
6.1
7.9
8.9
9.2
7.6

-3
0
2.9
4
6.5
8
9
-2.8

0.075
0.072
0.0635
0.055
0.046
0.035

0.00385
0.0032
0.00255
0.0019
0.00125
0.0006

1.1
1
0.7
0.6
0.5
0

9
8
8.5
9
9
9.5

8.1
8.9
9.1
9.5
9.5
10

-2
-2
-1.8
-1.8
-1.8
-1.5

test at 2200 rpm

pump

series

parallel

V notch

0.076
0.0715
0.0655
0.058
0.05
0.046
0.039
0.077
0.07
0.065
0.059
0.048
0.043
0.034

discharge

suction head (m)

delivery head (m)

P1

P1

0.0036667
0.00315
0.0026333
0.0021167
0.0016
0.0010833
0.0005667
0.0041667
0.0035667
0.0029667
0.0023667
0.0017667
0.0011667
0.0005667

P2

3.5
2.5
2.25
1.7
1.3
1
0.8
1.4
1.2
1
0.8
0.6
0.5
0.25

2.1
6.1
9.8
12
14
15.8
16
5.8
6
6.2
6.9
7
7.1
7.9

P2

1
3
4.5
5.9
6.9
7.5
7.5
6.1
6.8
7
7.5
7.9
7.9
8

-3
-0.5
2.2
4
5.8
6.2
7
-2.5
-2
-2
-1.5
-1.5
-1.5
-1.2

test at 2000rpm
pump

V notch

0.072
0.066
series

discharge

0.0031667
0.0027167

suction head (m)

delivery head (m)

P1

P2

P1

P2

3
2.5

1.9
4.5

0.5
2

-3
-0.5

series

parallel

0.06
0.053
0.047
0.0435
0.0365
0.035
0.022
0.022
0.011
0.006
0.005
0.001

0.0022667
0.0018167
0.0013667
0.0009167
0.0004667
0.00375
0.0032167
0.0026833
0.00215
0.0016167
0.0010833
0.00055

1.8
1.5
1.1
0.9
0.8
1.3
1.1
0.9
0.8
0.6
0.6
0.4

8
10.1
12
12.5
14
4
4.2
5
5.1
5.9
5.9
6

4
5
6
6
6.5
5
5.1
5.9
6
6
6
6.1

2
3.9
5
5.5
6
-2
-2
-1.9
-1.5
-1.5
-1.5
-1.5

torque mass
(kg)

Ad

As

N (rpm)

3.9
3.3
2.9
2.5
2.001
1.801
1.601
2.5

0.0005067075

0.0007917304

0.0005067075

0.0007917304

0.0005067075

0.0007917304

0.0005067075

0.0007917304

0.0005067075

0.0007917304

0.0005067075

0.0007917304

0.0005067075

0.0007917304

0.0005067075

0.0007917304

2.15
2.1
1.8
1.601
1.501
1.301

0.0005067075

0.0007917304

0.0005067075

0.0007917304

0.0005067075

0.0007917304

0.0005067075

0.0007917304

0.0005067075

0.0007917304

0.0005067075

0.0007917304

2400
2400
2400
2400
2400
2400
2400
2400
2400
2400
2400
2400
2400
2400

Ad

As

N (rpm)

0.0005067075

0.0007917304

0.0005067075

0.0007917304

0.0005067075

0.0007917304

0.0005067075

0.0007917304

0.0005067075

0.0007917304

0.0005067075

0.0007917304

0.0005067075

0.0007917304

0.0005067075

0.0007917304

0.0005067075

0.0007917304

0.0005067075

0.0007917304

0.0005067075

0.0007917304

0.0005067075

0.0007917304

0.0005067075

0.0007917304

0.0005067075

0.0007917304

2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200

torque mass

Ad

As

N (rpm)

2.7
2.401

0.0005067075

0.0007917304

0.0005067075

0.0007917304

2000
2000

torque mass

3.305
2.905
2.505
2.4
1.8017
1.6
1.406
2.1
1.905
1.704
1.504
1.601
1.4
1.2

HM1

HM2

Wi (watts)

Watts

-2.599998
0.5000014
8.500001
4.2000006
6.6000004
7.9000002
8.5
6.0000024
7.0000017
7.9000012
8.4000008
8.9000004
9
10

5.9999981
7.8999986
2.099999
8.9999994
9.4999996
10.1
11
8.9999976
11
9.9999988
10.299999
10.8
10.8
11

2301.43342
1931.98213
1685.68126
1439.3804
1132.12007
1008.96964
885.819208
1439.3804
1223.86714
1193.07954
1008.35389
885.819208
824.243992
701.09356

HM1
m
-2.499998
0.5000012
2.2500008
4.2000005
5.6000003
6.5000001
6.7
4.700002
5.6000015
6.000001
6.7000007
7.3000004
7.4000002
7.75

HM2
m
5.0999984
6.5999988
7.5999992
7.9999995
8.1999997
9.5999999
9
8.299998
7.9999985
8.199999
8.3999993
8.4999996
8.5999998
9.1

Wi (watts)
Watts
1765.47248
1539.69669
1313.9209
1254.65475
916.950611
803.103168
693.601909
1085.32291
975.25721
861.804874
748.916978
803.667608
690.215272
577.327376

HM1
HM2
Wi (watts)
m
m
Watts
-2.499999 4.8999988 1285.44236
-0.499999 4.9999991 1132.01745

2.101
1.8013
1.6011
1.4012
1.301
1.7
1.601
1.40165
1.3015
1.2
1.1003
1.0107

0.0005067075

0.0007917304

0.0005067075

0.0007917304

0.0005067075

0.0007917304

0.0005067075

0.0007917304

0.0005067075

0.0007917304

0.0005067075

0.0007917304

0.0005067075

0.0007917304

0.0005067075

0.0007917304

0.0005067075

0.0007917304

0.0005067075

0.0007917304

0.0005067075

0.0007917304

0.0005067075

0.0007917304

2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000

2.2000006
3.5000004
4.9000002
5.1000001
5.7
3.7000016
4.0000012
5.0000008
5.2000005
5.4000003
5.4000001
5.7

5.9999994
6.1999996
7
7
8
5.9999984
6.1999988
6.8999992
6.5999995
7.3999997
7.3999999
7.5

978.079407
824.295305
721.56732
618.993272
567.577967
772.31556
721.516007
619.224179
567.83453
515.75216
464.593418
418.617257

Wout

Q (V notch weir)

Watts

m3/s

Wa2

eff1

eff2

0.01555334
0.01281427
0.01029161
0.00799512
0.00390991
0.02208350
0.01850058
0.01729718
0.01406610
0.01110788
0.00828785
0.00530568

0
0
1295.5932
527.43524
665.66157
618.98219
325.69541
1298.5103
1269.1402
1339.148
1157.9214
968.82977
730.9887
519.95699

0
320.08755
1130.2181
958.14914
791.35694
421.48817
1947.7641
1994.3624
1695.1236
1419.8319
1175.6585
877.1864
571.95268

#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
130.10884
272.90183
170.07442
163.00463
271.9778
110.8486
96.432776
89.092435
87.083107
91.431874
112.75742
134.83684

#DIV/0!
557.87277
136.20206
128.59377
140.1352
233.89012
79.033205
66.380471
76.282318
78.062332
83.852515
105.36461
140.06291

Wout
Watts
1865.47248
1639.69669
1413.9209
1354.65475
1016.95061
903.103168
793.601909
1185.32291
1075.25721
961.804874
848.916978
903.667608
790.215272
677.327376

Q (V notch weir)

Wa1

Wa2

eff1

eff2

m3/s
0.01890888
0.01709977
0.01480225
0.01212003
0.00950045
0.00828785
0.00632859
0.01932074
0.01651299
0.01461680
0.01246521
0.00888588
0.00742236
0.00506132

-463.2673
83.789074
326.38964
498.8603
521.38492
527.93628
415.53489
889.9137
906.23337
859.46813
818.4659
635.69576
538.26963
384.40748

945.06565
1106.013
1102.4712
950.20991
763.45642
779.72125
558.1812
1571.5487
1294.6185
1174.6061
1026.1362
740.19362
625.55657
451.36878

-381.0915
1837.5865
402.56207
251.50423
175.86827
152.12123
166.91785
121.95822
107.61656
100.27188
91.502527
126.42331
128.22854
150.1863

197.39078
148.25293
128.25015
142.56374
133.20349
115.82385
142.1764
75.423876
83.055911
81.883185
82.729467
122.0853
126.32195
150.06075

Wout
Watts
1385.44236
1232.01745

Q (V notch weir)

Wa1

Wa2

eff1

eff2

2401.43342
2031.98213
1785.68126
1539.3804
1232.12007
1108.96964
985.819208
1539.3804
1323.86714
1293.07954
1108.35389
985.819208
924.243992
801.09356

m3/s
0.01729718
0.01498862

Wa1

-423.7807 830.61044 -303.3272 166.79809

-73.44413 734.44244 -1541.331 167.74867

eff

eff

eff

1078.07941
924.295305
821.56732
718.993272
667.577967
872.31556
821.516007
719.224179
667.83453
615.75216
564.593418
518.617257

0.01281427
0.01045287
0.00858478
0.00756395
0.00568081
0.00530568
0.00250459
0.00250459
0.00083841
0.00033631
0.00025853
0.00003795

276.27564
358.53351
412.24129
378.04634
317.33016
192.38417
98.179907
122.72487
42.725399
17.797687
13.681668
2.1198895

efficiency

753.47873
635.1164
588.91608
518.88712
445.37566
311.97411
152.17878
169.36027
54.228381
24.38942
18.748951
2.7893283

354.02304
229.90746
175.03519
163.73476
178.86039
401.44444
734.89172
504.56293
1329.0327
2897.8607
3395.7368
19747.126

143.08027
145.53164
139.50499
138.56449
149.89099
279.61153
539.83611
424.67114
1231.5222
2524.6691
3011.3334
18592.909

12.00
10.00
8.00
6.00

series H1-2400
series H2-2400

4.00

parallel H1
parallel H2

2.00
0.00
0

0.001

0.002

0.003

0.004

0.005

-2.00
-4.00

12
10
8
series H1-2200

series H2- 2200

parallel H1

parallel H2

0
-2

0.0005 0.001 0.0015 0.002 0.0025 0.003 0.0035 0.004 0.0045

-4

10
8
6
4
2

series H1-2000
series H2- 2000
parallel H1
parallel H2

8
6
series H1-2000

series H2- 2000

parallel H1

parallel H2

0
0
-2
-4

0.0005 0.001 0.0015 0.002 0.0025 0.003 0.0035 0.004

appendix B tabulated results

test at 2400 rpm
pump

series H1-2400

discharge
(m3/s)

total head

0
0.1
0.12
0.14
0.16
0.18
0.2
0
0.1
0.12
0.14
0.16

14.9
11.9
10.299999
9
7.8
6.1
2.499997
16
9.6
8.5
7.5
3.6000007

power input power output

(W)
(W)

pump 1

series H2-2400
parallel H1
parallel H2

pump 2

series

series H1-2200

series H2- 2200

parallel H1

parallel H2

parallel

series H1-2000
series H2- 2000
parallel H1
parallel H2

438.78314
869.80965
923.68797
1085.3229
1193.0795
1300.8362
1462.4711
384.90483
654.2964
762.053
815.93134
815.93134

538.78314
969.80965
1023.688
1185.3229
1293.0795
1400.8362
1562.4711
484.90483
754.2964
862.053
915.93134
915.93134

efficiency

series H1-2000
series H2- 2000
parallel H1
parallel H2

test at 2100 rpm

pump

discharge
(m3/s)

total head

0
0.1
0.12
0.14
0.16
0.18
0.18
0
0.1
0.12
0.14

10.7
7.3
6
4.7
2.599997
0.199999
-0.400001
9
4.7
3.5
1.7

power input power output

(W)
(W)

pump 1

pump 2

series

parallel

223.26988
546.53977
638.90259
731.26542
823.628
915.99106
915.99106
269.4513
477.26765
500.35836
546.53977

323.26988
646.53977
738.90259
831.26542
923.628
1015.9911
1015.9911
369.4513
577.26765
600.35836
646.53977

efficiency

test at 2000 rpm

pump

discharge
(m3/s)

total head

power input power output

(W)
(W)

0
0.1
0.12
0.14
0.16

7.6
4.4
3.400001
1.900001
-0.300003

0
0.1
0.12

7.4
187.35101 287.35101
2.6
351.55158 451.55158
0.860001 372.07666 472.07666

pump 1

pump 2

series

parallel

105.25072
392.60173
474.70202
556.8023
638.90259

205.25072
492.60173
574.70202
656.8023
738.90259

efficiency

Inverse Square Law for Heat

distance (mm)
radiometer reading (W/m2)
log (X)
log (Y)
slope, m
y-intercept, b

165
651

265
220

2.2174839442 2.4232458739
2.8135809886 2.3424226808

365
99

465
59

565
40

2.5622928645 2.6674529529 2.7520484478

1.9956351946 1.7708520116 1.6020599913

-2.22
7.721
appendix A
Experimental data
distance (mm)
radiometer reading (W/m2)
log (X)
log (Y)

T, C

165
651

265
220

2.2174839442 2.4232458739
2.8135809886 2.3424226808

Stefan- Boltzman Law

R (W/m2)
Ts (K)
Ta (K)
159
129
432.15
152
117
425.15
141
105
414.15
126
88
399.15
104
68
377.15
96
58
369.15

298
298
298
298
298
298

665
31

inverse squ

2.8228216453
1.4913616938

3
2.5
2

365
99
2.5622928645
1.9956351946

465
59

565
40

665
31

2.6674529529 2.7520484478 2.8228216453

1.7708520116 1.6020599913 1.4913616938

1.5
1
0.5

Qb actual (W/m2)
Qb theo (W/m2)
error
1428.03
1530.376
1295.19
1405.33
1162.35
1220.92
974.16
992.08
752.76
100.056
642.06
605.77

6.69%
7.84%
4.80%
1.81%
7.53%
5.99%

0
2.1

2.2

2.3

2.4

2.5

2.6

inverse square law

inverse square law

2.4

2.5

2.6

2.7

2.8

2.9