The Reformation Matrix

Motivations

Political

Religious

1. Church: Defend themselves

1. Church: Monetary

2. Church: Enjoying a papal life full of powers

2. People: Believe that the Church is corrupt and wants to change it

3. Church: Monetary

3. Martin Luther: Wants people to identify the difference between the

Church and the Bible so the Church will return to simplicity

4. People: Spread Ideas

4. Martin Luther: Protest against the Churchs corruption

5. Church: Love of power

5. Princes: Monetary and political strength

6. Henry VIII wants a son and Catherine couldnt bare

him a son

6. Calvin: Express his ideas on Chrisitianity

7. Church: The Catholic Reformation to regain lost

powers

7. People: Liked Calvins version of Chrisitanity

8. People: New Protestant ideas grow
9. Church: Wants to bring back lost followers
10. Martin: Wanted to convert Jews to his teachings to gain power

Effects

1. Three barriers are formed (temporal power has no

jurisdiction over them; only the Pope has the right to
interpret the Christian texts; no one can call the
council but the pope, so the Church is unpersecutable

1A. Teach that repentance is unnecessary if religious privileges

(indulgences) are bought

2. Lives in luxurious mansion, claim honorable titles,

wears triple crown, heresy is claimed whenever any
word crosses the Church, and no king or emperor
equals him

1B. Christians believe that buying indulgences is better than helping

the needy

3A. Bring rich institutions to Rome by creating

Cardinals and granting them worldly rewards, resulting
Italys institutions to be devastated by revenue sucking
cardinals

1C. Christians lose fear of God

3B. Rich people buy positions in the government,

resulting in a huge papal court and office; Germany
itself gives away lots of money to Rome

1D. Sold indulgences and charge for basic Church services

4. The invention of printing press leads the humanist to 2A. People such as John Wycliffe and Jan Hus published their
print articles that question the Church
writings to protest against the Church and conducted sermons with
the same goal
5. The Church owns one-third of lands in Europe, and
it grew involved in worldly affairs

2B. Martin Luther wrote 95 theses and many other articles against the
Church, which spread in Europe;

6. The Churchs refusal of an annihilation for Henry VIII 2C. The rise of the protestant ideology and power
caused him to split the English Church with the
Catholic Church; Anglican Church was found
7A. Worldliness and Corruption are penalized

3. Translate the Bible into German, sparking social upheaval

7B. The inquisition was strengthened to fight

Protestant

4. Caused the peasants revolt

7C. Catholic today still dominates Europe

5. Followed Lutheranism, allowing them to seize Church land and

assets, bringing about religious freedom in Europe (and the peace of
Augsburg)
6. Wrote a book and his ideas spreads
7A. Invited Calvin to set up theocracy in Geneva
7B. Ideas spread even more as a result of people who visited Europe
returned from Geneva
8. New protestant sects are setup including radical ones (eg.
Anabaptism)
9. Bring about the Catholic Reformation, in which traditional Catholic
values are reaffirmed but worldliness and corruption is penalized; in
addition, Church schools are settled up
10. Jews didn't convert, so Martin persecutes Jews