PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

Family history

Pre-gestational DM

Obesity

Ethnicity

Protective
mechanism of
pregnancy

Previous GDM

History of
autoimmune
disease

Hypertension

Late pregnancy

Stimulates diabetes

Insufficient insulin production

Insulin rejection/resistance by the cells and tissues

Increase blood glucose level

Liver and pancreas compensate

Insulin production and usage remains insufficient

Cells dont get enough glucose for consumption

Altered cellular functioning

Affects the whole organ

Organ degenaration

Organ malfunction

FETAL

MATERNAL

Kidneys
Affects the
reninangiotensinaldosterone
system

Increase
vascular
resistance

Hypertension

Liver

Pancreas

Diabetes
Uncontrolled

Increase

Increase

compensatory

compensatory

mechanism

action

Over usage

Over usage

Elevated
blood glucose
level

Malfunctioning

Malfunctioning

Decrease
metabolism

Hepatic
problems

Pancreatic
problems

Rapid weight
gain

Proteinuria
Decrease
osmolarity
Fluid
shifting

Edema
Polyhydramnios

Rapid weight gain

Erythropoeisis

Decrease production of blood products

Decrease
RBC

Decrease
WBC

Decrease
platelet

Anemia

Recurrent
infection

Bleeding

Vaginal

UTI