Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Cu 1:
Dung dch A gm cc cht tan FeCl3, AlCl3, NH4Cl v CuCl2 (nng mi
cht xp x 0,1M)
1. Dung dch A c phn ng axit, baz, hay trung tnh? Ti sao?
2. Cho H2S li chm qua dung dch A cho n bo ho th c kt
ta v dung dch B. Hy cho bit thnh phn cc cht trong kt
ta v trong dung dch B.
3. Thm dn NH3 vo dung dch B cho n d. C hin tng g xy
ra? Vit cc phng trnh phn ng ion gii thch.
Cu 2:
1. Photgen c dng lm cht clo ho rt tt cho tng hp hu c c
iu ch theo phng trnh:
CO(k) + Cl2 (k) COCl2 (k)
; H0 = -111,3 kJ/mol
Magi c iu ch theo phng trnh:
MgO(r) + C( r)
Mg ( r ) + CO (k) ; H0 = 491,0
kJ/mol
Cn tc ng nh th no vo nhit v p sut ring phn ca
kh mi phn ng trn thu c nhiu hn sn phm? Ti sao phi tc
ng nh vy?
2. Thc nghim cho bit ti 250C tc tiu th kh NO trong phn
ng iu ch nitrozoni clorua kh:
2NO( k) + Cl2 (k) 2NOCl (k)
(1)
-4
-1 -1
bng 3,5.10 mol.l .s . Hy tnh tc (ti 298K)
a) ca phn ng (1)
b) tiu th kh Cl2
c) to thnh NOCl (k)
Cu III:
ClO2 l ho cht c dng ph bin trong cng nghip. Thc
nghim cho bit:
1. a) Dung dch long ClO2 trong nc khi gp nh sng s to ra axit
clohiric v axit cloric
b) Trong dung dch kim ClO2 nhanh chng to ra hn hp mui
clorit v clorat
2. c) ClO2 c iu ch nhanh chng bng cch cho hn hp KClO3,
H2C2O4 tc dng vi H2SO4 long.
d) Trong cng nghip ClO2 c iu ch bng cch cho NaClO3 tc
dng vi SO2 c mt H2SO4 4M
Hy vit phng trnh cho mi phn ng trn v ni r l phn
ng oxi ho - kh hay trao i? Ti sao (phn tch tng phn ng a, b,
c, d)?
Cu IV:
Cu V:
Tr s th in cc chun ca mt s in cc c cho trong bng sau:
in cc
S th t ca in cc Th in cc chun
(V)
2+
3+
Fe /Fe
1
0,77
43[Fe(CN)6] /[Fe(CN)6]
2
0,36
+
NO,H2O/NO3 , H
3
0,96
NO2 , OH /NO3 , H2O
4
0,1
3+
Al/Al
5
-1,66
Da vo s liu trn, hy:
1.
Lp cc pin, tnh hin in th ca tng pin (ghi kt qu
theo th t gim dn) thnh bng sau:
Th t
Pin gm
Hiu th ca tng pin (V)
in cc
in
cc
2.
3.
2:
Cu 1:
1. Hy sp xp v gi tn cc hp cht sau teo th t tng dn nhit
si. Gii thch cch sp xp :
(CH3)4C
; CH3(CH2)4CH3 ; (CH3)2CHCH(CH3)2
CH3(CH2)3CH2OH ;
(CH3)2C(OH)CH2CH3
2. Hy cho bit cc phn ng di y thuc loi phn ng no (oxi ho
- kh hoc phn ng khc)?
a/ CH3CH2OH CrO
, piridin
CH3CHO H CrO CH3COOH
(1)
(2)
Cu 2:
1. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng to thnh A, B, C, D, M, N (vit
dng cng thc cu to) theo s sau
a/ BrCH2CH2CH2CH=O A CH
OH
, HCl .khan
B
b/ BrCH2CH2COOH C D
2) dd.HCl
c/ HOCH2(CHOH)4CH=O Br , H O M N
glucoz
2. Vit phng trnh phn ng iu ch 1,3,5-triaminobenzen t
toluen v cc cht v c thch hp
Cu 3:
T mt loi thc vt ngi ta tch c hp cht (A) c cng thc phn
t C18H22O16. Thy phn hon ton (A) thu c glucoz (B), fructoz (C)
v galactoz (D):
2
ddNaOH ,t 0
H ,.t 0
H ,.t 0
3:
Cu 1:
1) Cho cc cht sau: HNO3, Cu, Fe, Na, S, C, NaNO3, Cu(NO3)2, NH4NO3.
Hy vit tt c cc phng trnh c th to ra trc tip NO2. Ghi r
iu kin ca phn ng nu c.
S: 7 ptr
2) Mui amoni v mui kim loi kim ging v khc nhau nhng
im c bn no? Nu mt vi v d c th.
3) Trong phng th nghim c 8 l ho cht mt nhn ng ring bit
cc dung dch: NaCl, NaNO3, MgCl2, Mg(NO3)2, AlCl3, Al(NO3)3, CrCl3,
Cr(NO3)3. Bng phng php ho hc lm th no nhn bit mi
dung dch ? Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra v ghi r iu
kin ca phn ng (nu c)
Cu 2:Xc nh hm lng oxi tan trong nc ngi ta ly 100,00 ml nc ri
cho ngay MnSO4 d v NaOH vo nc. Sau khi lc k (khng cho tip xc
vi khng kh) Mn(OH)2 b oxi ho thnh MnO(OH)2. Thm axit d, khi y
MnO(OH)2 b Mn2+ kh thnh Mn3+. Cho KI d vo hn hp Mn3+ oxi ho Ithnh I3-. Chun I3- ht 10,5 ml Na2S2O3 9,8.10-3 M
Phn ng
2NH3 + 3N2O = 4N2 + 3 H2O
N2O + 3H2 = N2H4 + H2O
2NH3 + 0,5 O2 = N2H4 + H2O
H0298 (kJ)
-1011
- 317
-143
H2
+ 1/2 O2 =
H 2O
;
;
-286
G: CH3CH2-CH-OSO2O-CH-CH2-CH3
|
|
|
OSO3H
CH3
CH3
I:
CH3CH2-CH-O-CH-CH2-CH3
|
|
CH3 CH3
Bi 8: Mt hc sinh iu ch dung dch bo ho Mg(OH)2 trong nc tinh
khit ti 250C. pH ca dung dch bo ho o c l 10,5.
a) Tnh tan ca Mg(OH)2 trong nc 250C (1,6.10-4 mol/l)
b) Tnh tch s tan ca Mg(OH)2 (1,6.10-11)
c) Tnh tan ca Mg(OH)2 trong dung dch NaOH 0,01M ti 250C
(1,6.10-7)
d) Khuy trn 1 hn hp gm 10 gam Mg(OH)2 v 100ml dung dch HCl
bng my khuy t ti 250C. Tnh pH ca dung dch khi trng thi
cn bng
(pH = 9,3)
Bi 9: Cd l kim loi c. Ht phi mt lng nh Cd nhanh chng nh hng n h h hp v thn. Cadimi to Cd(OH)2 hi kh tan.
a)
Tnh tan ca Cd(OH)2 trong nc nguyn cht
b)
Tnh tan ca Cd(OH)2 trong nc c cha ion CN-. Nng cn
bng ca CN- l 10-3M
c)
Gi thit ch to ion Cd(CN)42-. Tnh % sai lch tan so vi ddooj
tan c)
Bit T (Cd(OH)2 ) = 5,9.10-5 M3; Hng s to phc ca Cd l: K1 = 105,48;
K2 = 105,12; K3 = 104.63; K4 = 103,65
S: a) 1,14.10-15M
b)2,4.10-3M
c) 2,24.10-3M ; sai s 6,7%
Bi 10: Mn, Fe trong t trng an Mch c ngun gc ch yu t cc
enzim trong cc vt liu hu c cht. Trong iu kin axit v kh cc
nguyn t ny dng Mn2+; Fe2+.
2+
thnh MnO2 vi O2
a) Vit phng trnh phn ng oxi ho Mn
0
0
b) Tnh G1 25 C ca phn ng cu a vi s liu a ra
MnO2 ( r ) + 4H+(aq) + 2e Mn2+(aq) + 2H2O (l) E20 = 1,21 (V)
O2(k) + 4H+(aq) + 4e 2H2O (l) E3 = 1,23 (V)
0
c) Tnh hng s cn bng K1 ti 25 C ca phn ng cu a).
2+
) Gi thit rng Mn to phc vi vt liu hu c mn ca t.
Hng s to phc ca Mn(II) mn l 105; nng ca phn t mn l 10-4.
Tnh hng s cn bng ca phn ng
2Mn(mn)2+ + O2 (k) + 2H2O
=
2 MnO2 + 2mn (aq) +
+
4H
Tnh nng ca Mn(mn )2+ ti pH = 5; pH = 8
S: b) -7,7kJ/mol
c)22,4
d)
2,24.10-9