Example

= g of NaCl which equivalent to 1g of medicament

Rx
Pilocarpine nitrate 0.3g
Sod. Chloride
q.s.
Purified Water
30ml
Make isotonic solution

= MWNaCl x
i med
iNaCl
MWmed

E=0.23

0.3g in 30ml
c in 100ml
c = 1%

NaCl

c% = % strength of
medicament
c% = % strength of
medicament

= 0.67% w/v
0.67g in 100ml
b in 30ml
Sod. Chloride = 0.201g

Cl -

Na-

Mg2+

= 0.9% (1% x 0.23)

K-

Ca2+

Example
A 200ml volume of a 2% solution of glucose for IV
injection is to be made isotonic by the addition of NaCl.

Stock Available

Example

w = 0.52 (2 x 0.1)

Rx
Prepare 500ml of
12.5% Dextrose

0.576
So, NaCl required = 0.56g x 2
= 1.1g

= 0.56g per 100ml

Answer

Example
Rate =

V(ml)
Time(min)

= drops
Time(min)
= V(ml) x Drip set (drops/ml)
Time(min)

An injection vial contains 500mg of Acyclovir to be

reconstituted to 20ml for additional to 500ml NS to produce
1.5mg/ml solution.
25mg/ml

1.5
1.5mg
/ml

0 mg/ml

100mg = 500ml
2mg
y
10ml = 1 min
500ml
z

y = 10ml, ie rate = 10ml/min

23.5

z = 50min

2. A doctor requires an infusion of 1000 mL of D5W

to be administered over an 8-hour period. Using an
IV administration set that delivers 10 drops/ml,
how many drops per minute should be delivered to
the patient?
Rate = 1000ml x 10 drops/ml
480min
= 21 drops per min

Acyclovir

1.5 = x ml
23.5 500ml

Example
1. 100mg of metaraminol are added to 500ml of
saline infusion. What should be the rate of
infusion to give a dose of 2 mg per minute?
How long will the infusion take?

D10
500ml

31.9mL

NS
500
ml

Vfinal=531.9ml

D50

1.
2.
3.

Remove 100ml from 500ml D10.

Add 45ml of D50.
Add 55ml of WFI -make up to 500ml(V2)

D50

1.
1500ml for first 20 kg + 20ml/kg,
for wt beyond 20kg.
(Vfinal ml)
BMI= kg2
m

Health BMI=18-25

= 25kcal/kg/day

2.

Wt to & BMI: Actual Wt

use
BMI: IBW

How many mmol &

mEq Ca2+ in 1ml of
Cal Gluconate 10%
solution?
(MW=430.4,
valency=2)

1 cm = 0.01m
= 0.4 inch

1000mg
23.23mmol

in
100ml

1ml = 0.23mmol Ca2+

= 0.46mEq Ca2+

Dextrose: g x (1000ml / Vfinal ml) x 5

65

Protein: g x (1000ml / Vfinal ml) x 10

Example

Lipid: g x (1000ml / Vfinal ml) x 1.5

* 57 yrs old
* Wt: 65 kg
* Ht: 168 cm
Energy Requirement
* AF:1.2
* SF:1.4
* N:NPC = 1:125
* CHO:Lipid = 60:40

Electrolyte: mEq x (1000ml / Vfinal ml) x 2

Answer
Vfinal = 2400ml

BMI = 23
Wt used = 65kg

BEE = 1320.54 kcal

TEE = 2218.51 kcal

Protein
369.75 kcal
92.44 g

CHO
1109.25 kcal
326.25 g

Lipid
739.5 kcal
82.17 g

462.2ml
385.2mOsm/L

652.5ml
679.69mOsm/L

410.8ml
51.35mOsm/L

65

Total Osmolarity =1224.5

mOsm/L
2400

Ca2+
65mmol
130mEq

24

Stock Available
279.8ml
108.3mOsm/L

2218.51
100

Electrolyte
Ca2+ = 1 mmol/kg/day

D50, Lipid 20%, A.A. 20%, WFI, Cal

Gluconate 10% (MW=430.4, valency=2)

326.25
92.44
82.17

594.7ml