News Item Text

1. Meaning
News item is a text which informs readers about events of the day. The events are
considered newsworthy or important.
2. Purpose
to inform readers about events of the day which are considered newsworthy or
important

3. Generic Structure of News Item

1. Main event
2. Elaboration (background, participant, time, place)
3. Resource of information

4. Language Feature of News Item

1. Focusing on circumstances
2. Using material process

5. Examples and structures of the text

Town ‘Contaminated
Newsworthy events Moscow – A Russian journalist has uncovered evidence of another
Soviet nuclear catastrophe, which killed 10 sailors and contaminated an entire town.
Background Events Yelena Vazrshavskya is the first journalist to speak to people who
witnessed the explosion of a nuclear submarine at the naval base of shkotovo – 22
near Vladivostock.
The accident, which occurred 13 months before the Chernobyl disaster, spread
radioactive fall-out over the base and nearby town, but was covered up by officials of
the Soviet Union. Residents were told the explosion in the reactor of the Victor-class
submarine during a refit had been a ‘thermal’ and not a nuclear explosion. And those
involved in the clean up operation to remove more than 600 tones of contaminated
material were sworn to secrecy.
Sumber Informasi
Sources A board of investigators was later to describe it as the worst accident in the
history of the Soviet Navy.

Report Text
1. Meaning
Report is a text which presents information about something, as it is. It is as a result
of systematic observation and analysis
2. Purpose
To present information about something as it is.

3. Generic Structure of Report

1. General classification: Stating classification of general aspect of thing; animal,
public place, plant, etc which will be discussed in general
2. Description: Describing the thing which will be discussed in detail; part per part ,
customs or deed for living creature and usage for materials

4. Language Feature of Report

• Introducing group or general aspect
• Using conditional logical connection; when, so, etc
• Using simple present tense

5. Examples and structures of the text

THE PELICAN REPORT

General Clasification The white pelican is one of the most successful fish-eating birds.
Description The success is largely due to its command hunting behaviour. A group,
perhaps two dozen birds, will gather in a curved arc some distance offshore. The birds
then begin to move forward towards the shore, beating the water furiously with their
wings, driving the fish before them.
When the water is shallow enough for the birds to reach the fish, the formation
breaks up as each bird dips its bill into the water to scoop up its meal. As the bird
lifts its head, the water drains from its bill leaving the fish which are then swallowed.
Pelicans are among the oldest group of birds, Fossils of this genus have been found
dating back 40 million years.

Explanation Text
1. Meaning
Explanation is a text which tells processes relating to forming of natural, social,
scientific and cultural phenomena. Explanation text is to say 'why' and 'how' of the
forming of the phenomena. It is often found in science, geography and history text
book
2. Purpose

is used to tell how or why something happens

3. Generic structure of Explanation

• General statement; stating the phenomenon issues which are to be explained.
• Sequenced explanation; stating a series of steps which explain the phenomena.

4. Language Feature
• Featuring generic participant; sun, rain, etc
• Using chronological connection; to begin with, next, etc
• Using passive voice pattern
• Using simple present tense

5. Examples and structures of the text

Tsunami
The term of “tsunami” comes from the Japanese which means harbour ("tsu") and
wave ("nami"). A tsunamigk is a series of waves generated when water in a lake or the
sea is rapidly displaced on a massive scale.
A tsunami can be generated when the sea floor abruptly deforms and vertically
displaces the overlying water. Such large vertical movements of the earth's crust can
occur at plate boundaries.
Subduction of earthquakes are particularly effective in generating tsunamis, and
occur where denser oceanic plates slip under continental plates.
As the displaced water mass moves under the influence of gravity to regain its
equilibrium, it radiates across the ocean like ripples on a pond.
Tsunami always bring great damage. Most of the damage is caused by the huge mass
of water behind the initial wave front, as the height of the sea keeps rising fast and
floods powerfully into the coastal area..

News Item Text

1. Meaning
News item is a text which informs readers about events of the day. The events are
considered newsworthy or important.
2. Purpose
to inform readers about events of the day which are considered newsworthy or
important
3. Generic Structure of News Item
1. Main event
2. Elaboration (background, participant, time, place)
3. Resource of information

4. Language Feature of News Item

1. Focusing on circumstances
2. Using material process

5. Examples and structures of the text

Town ‘Contaminated
Newsworthy events Moscow – A Russian journalist has uncovered evidence of another
Soviet nuclear catastrophe, which killed 10 sailors and contaminated an entire town.
Background Events Yelena Vazrshavskya is the first journalist to speak to people who
witnessed the explosion of a nuclear submarine at the naval base of shkotovo – 22
near Vladivostock.
The accident, which occurred 13 months before the Chernobyl disaster, spread
radioactive fall-out over the base and nearby town, but was covered up by officials of
the Soviet Union. Residents were told the explosion in the reactor of the Victor-class
submarine during a refit had been a ‘thermal’ and not a nuclear explosion. And those
involved in the clean up operation to remove more than 600 tones of contaminated
material were sworn to secrecy.
Sumber Informasi
Sources A board of investigators was later to describe it as the worst accident in the
history of the Soviet Navy.

Report Text
1. Meaning
Report is a text which presents information about something, as it is. It is as a result
of systematic observation and analysis
2. Purpose
To present information about something as it is.

3. Generic Structure of Report

1. General classification: Stating classification of general aspect of thing; animal,
public place, plant, etc which will be discussed in general
2. Description: Describing the thing which will be discussed in detail; part per part ,
customs or deed for living creature and usage for materials
4. Language Feature of Report
• Introducing group or general aspect
• Using conditional logical connection; when, so, etc
• Using simple present tense

5. Examples and structures of the text

THE PELICAN REPORT

General Clasification The white pelican is one of the most successful fish-eating birds.
Description The success is largely due to its command hunting behaviour. A group,
perhaps two dozen birds, will gather in a curved arc some distance offshore. The birds
then begin to move forward towards the shore, beating the water furiously with their
wings, driving the fish before them.
When the water is shallow enough for the birds to reach the fish, the formation
breaks up as each bird dips its bill into the water to scoop up its meal. As the bird
lifts its head, the water drains from its bill leaving the fish which are then swallowed.
Pelicans are among the oldest group of birds, Fossils of this genus have been found
dating back 40 million years.

Explanation Text
1. Meaning
Explanation is a text which tells processes relating to forming of natural, social,
scientific and cultural phenomena. Explanation text is to say 'why' and 'how' of the
forming of the phenomena. It is often found in science, geography and history text
book

2. Purpose

is used to tell how or why something happens

3. Generic structure of Explanation

• General statement; stating the phenomenon issues which are to be explained.
• Sequenced explanation; stating a series of steps which explain the phenomena.

4. Language Feature
• Featuring generic participant; sun, rain, etc
• Using chronological connection; to begin with, next, etc
• Using passive voice pattern
• Using simple present tense

5. Examples and structures of the text

Tsunami
The term of “tsunami” comes from the Japanese which means harbour ("tsu") and
wave ("nami"). A tsunamigk is a series of waves generated when water in a lake or the
sea is rapidly displaced on a massive scale.
A tsunami can be generated when the sea floor abruptly deforms and vertically
displaces the overlying water. Such large vertical movements of the earth's crust can
occur at plate boundaries.
Subduction of earthquakes are particularly effective in generating tsunamis, and
occur where denser oceanic plates slip under continental plates.
As the displaced water mass moves under the influence of gravity to regain its
equilibrium, it radiates across the ocean like ripples on a pond.
Tsunami always bring great damage. Most of the damage is caused by the huge mass
of water behind the initial wave front, as the height of the sea keeps rising fast and
floods powerfully into the coastal area..