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  • Gastrointestinal System Problem 5

    Transféré par

    almira valmai
    15 vues25 pages
    This document discusses the gastrointestinal system and lower digestive tract. It covers the anatomy and histology of the small and large intestines. It also discusses the physiology and biochemistry of the defecation process, including the mechanisms of defecation such as haustra contraction, mass movements, and the gastrocolic reflex. Finally, it examines several common disorders of the lower digestive tract, including inflammatory bowel disease, Hirschsprung's disease, anal disorders, irritable bowel syndrome, diverticulosis, dysentery, food intolerance, and colon carcinoma.

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    GIT

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    This document discusses the gastrointestinal system and lower digestive tract. It covers the anatomy and histology of the small and large intestines. It also discusses the physiology and biochemistry of the defecation process, including the mechanisms of defecation such as haustra contraction, mass movements, and the gastrocolic reflex. Finally, it examines several common disorders of the lower digestive tract, including inflammatory bowel disease, Hirschsprung's disease, anal disorders, irritable bowel syndrome, diverticulosis, dysentery, food intolerance, and colon carcinoma.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Signaler comme contenu inapproprié
    15 vues25 pages

    Gastrointestinal System Problem 5

    Transféré par

    almira valmai
    This document discusses the gastrointestinal system and lower digestive tract. It covers the anatomy and histology of the small and large intestines. It also discusses the physiology and biochemistry of the defecation process, including the mechanisms of defecation such as haustra contraction, mass movements, and the gastrocolic reflex. Finally, it examines several common disorders of the lower digestive tract, including inflammatory bowel disease, Hirschsprung's disease, anal disorders, irritable bowel syndrome, diverticulosis, dysentery, food intolerance, and colon carcinoma.

    Droits d'auteur :

    © All Rights Reserved
    Téléchargez comme PPTX, PDF, TXT ou lisez en ligne sur Scribd
    Signaler comme contenu inapproprié
    sur 25

    GASTROINTESTINAL SYSTEM BLOCK

    PROBLEM 5
    ALMIRA NABILA VALMAI
    405130193

    1.

    LO

    LO 1
    ANATOMI DAN HISTOLOGI SALURAN
    PENCERNAAN BAWAH

    Small Intestine
    90% of absorption occurs in the small
    intestine

    Large Intestine

    Colon transverse section

    Colon panoramic view,


    transverse section

    Appendix panoramic view,


    transverse section

    Rectum panoramic view,


    transverse section

    LO 2
    FISIOLOGI DAN BIOKIMIA PROSES DEFEKASI

    Faeces in colon
    delayed
    defecation

    Rectum
    stretches

    Rectum, colon
    sigmoid contraction
    more harder

    co
    ntr
    ac
    ti o
    n

    stretch
    receptor
    stimulation

    Relax sfingter ani


    interna

    Reflex
    defecation
    relax
    defecation

    Sfingter ani
    externa

    rectal wall that


    stretched to
    relax
    defecation desire
    abate
    feces are pushed
    more into the
    rectum

    defecation

    Mecanism of Defecation
    1. Haustra contraction.

    Initiated by autonomous rhythmicity of colonic


    smooth muscle.
    These contraction throw the large intestine
    into haustra, are similiar to small intestine
    segmentation but occur much less frequently.
    These movements are nonpropolsive; they
    slowly shuffle the contents in a back-forth
    mixing movement that exposes the colonic
    content to the absorbtive mucosa.

    2. Mass movements
    It is massive contraction that drive the colonic
    content into the distal part of the large intestine,
    where material stored until defecation.
    After
    meals

    Increase of
    motility

    Large segments of
    ascending and
    transverse colon
    contract simultanously

    Throw feces one third to


    three forth s of the
    length of the colon in
    few seconds

    3. Gastrocolic reflex
    Causes of mass movements are triggered in
    the colon primarily.
    Mediated from the stomach to the colon by
    gastrin and by extrinsic autonomic nervous.
    This reflex is most evident after the first meals
    of the day and is often followed by the urge to
    defecate.

    Reflexes
    in Colon
    and
    Rectum:

    LO 3
    KELAINAN SALURAN PENCERNAAN BAWAH

    Inflammatory Bowel Disease

    Hirschprung

    Anal disorders

    Irritable Bowel Syndrome

    Diverticulosis

    Dysentery (Entamoeba
    histolytica)

    Dysentery (Shigella)

    Food intolerance

    Colon carcinoma

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