MASS COMMUNICATION

FIRST TERM NOTES

5 REASONS WHY WE COMMUNICATE ?

TO
TO
TO
TO
TO

EXPRESS FEELINGS
GET INFORMATION
GIVE INFORMATION
SOLVE PROBLEMS
UNDERSTAND EACH OTHER

DEFINE COMMUNICATION
COMMUNICATION MEANS TO SHARE IDEAS, VIEWS,
FEELINGS, THOUGHTS ETC. A SENDER SENDS A MESSAGE
AND RECIEVER UNDERSTANDS IT.

5 SENSES USED FOR COMMUNICATION BY HUMAN

BEINGS USED IN DAY TO DAY LIFE
SIGHT TO SEE THE WORLD; WE COMMUNICATE
WHAT WE SEE; WHEN WE SEE SOMETHING NICE
LIKE A PARK IT BRINGS JOY AND OUR GESTURES
WILL EXPRESS IT
SMELL WE USE OUR NOSE SMELLS COULD BE
GOOD OR BAD FLOWERS OR A URINAL

 TOUCH USUALLY WE TOUCH WITH FINGERS HOT

OR COLD WE EXPRESS IT IMMEDIATELY
MORNING TEA OR ICE IN THE FRIDGE
TASTE TONGUE IS USED TO TASTE WE CAN
COMMUNICATE GOOD TASTE OR BAD WITH FACIAL
EXPRESSIONS / GESTURES/ WORDS LIKE CAKE OR
BITTER MEDICINE
HEARING EARS - WHEN WE HEAR GOOD MUSIC
WE MAY COMMUNICATE THAT WITH A SMILE BUT
HONKING WE MAY COVER OUR EARS

WHAT IS NON VERBAL COMMUNICATION ?

IT IS COMMUNICATION WITHOUT WORDS. WHEN WE
EXPRESS OUR THOUGHTS, FEELINGS, IDEAS THROUGH
GESTURES, FACIAL EXPRESSIONS OR BODY LANGUAGE

80% OF OUR COMMUNICATION IS NON VERBAL

DID YOU KNOW?
1. WRITING HAS GIVEN MAN HISTORY
2. PAPER AND PRINTING DIDNT EXIST WHEN
WRITTEN COMMUNICATION WAS DEVELOPED
3. INTERNET AND COMPUTER HAVE GIVEN NEW
MEANING TO WRITTEN COMMUNICATION

EXAMPLES OF DIFFERENT COMMUNICATION

A BATSMAN TALKING TO HIMSELF AT THE CREASE
INTRA PERSONAL COMMUNICATION
A CONVERSATION BETWEEN TWO PEOPLE INTER
PERSONAL CONVERSATION
CONVERSATION IN A CANTEEN OR MOVIE HALL
INFORMAL COMMUNICATION
WHEN PEOPLE ARE GENERALLY KNOWN TO EACH
OTHER
WHILE
COMMUNICATING

GROUP
COMMUNICATION
WHEN MANY PEOPLE RECEIVE A MESSAGE FROM
ONE PUBLIC COMMUNICATION

WHAT IS THE MEANING OF COMMUNICATION WITH

EXAMPLES
COMMUNICATION MEANS TO SHARE IDEAS, VIEWS,
FEELINGS, THOUGHTS ETC. A SENDER SENDS A MESSAGE
AND RECIEVER UNDERSTANDS IT.
IT IS A TWO WAY PROCESS WHICH HAS SENDER,
RECIEVER AND AN IDEA (THE MESSAGE). WE
COMMUNICATE TO SATISFY OUR EMOTIONAL, PHYSICAL
NEEDS AND TO GET WORK DONE.
IT IS AN INTEGRAL PART OF LIFE AND SOCIETY CANT
DO WITHOUT IT

EG: TALKING TO FRIENDS; TALKING TO WAITER AT

RESTAURANT; TALKING TO OUR TEACHER; GREETING
NEIGHBOURS

ORAL COMMUNICATION - WHEN WE USE SPEECH TO

COMMUNICATE IT IS ORAL COMMUNICATION . WE NEED
TO KNOW LANGUAGE FOR THIS. IT IS A SKILL FULL
ACTIVITY

ADVANTAGES
1. NATURAL
2. EASY TO
UNDERSTAND
3. LANGUAGE IS
LISTENER FRIENDLY
4. NON VERBAL
COMMUNICATION CAN
SUPPORT IT
5. CLOSE RELATION
BETWEEN LISTENER
AND SPEAKER
6. BOTH PHYSICALLY
AVAILABLE

DISADVANTAGES
1.
2.

3.

4.

SPOKEN
WORDS
DISAPPEAR
SPOKEN
WORDS
ARENT
PERMANENT
SPOKEN
WORDS
CAN
BE
FORGOTTEN
NON
VERBAL
COMMUNICATION
IN ORAL MAY NOT
BE UNDERSTOOD
BY RECIEVER

WRITTEN COMMUNICATION WHEN WE EXPRESS

IDEAS, THOUGHTS, FEELINGS BY WRITTEN OR PRINTED
WORD IT IS WRITTEN COMMUNICATION. EARLIER THEY
USED LEATHER SCROLLS, THEN PALM LEAVES AND THEN
PAPER WAS INVENTED AND THAT HAS BEEN A PRIMARY
MEDIUM. FOR WRITTEN COMMUNICATION YOU NEED TO
KNOW SCRIPTS, GRAMMAR ETC.
ADVANTAGES

DISADVANTAGES

1. WORDS ARE
PERMANENT
2. LITERATE PEOPLE CAN
GET LOTS OF
KNOWLEDGE
3. IDEAS SPREAD
WIDELY

DIFFERENT
EXAMPLES

TYPES

OF

1. ONLY LITERATE PEOPLE

CAN USE IT NOTHING TO
DO WITH ILLITERATE

COMMUNICATION

WITH

INTRAPERSONAL TALKING TO ONESELF EG: WE

SPEAK TO OURSELF BEFORE WE START SOMETHING
IMPORTANT OR WHEN WE DO SOMETHING
SENSELESS. IT IS GOOD AND HELPS TO CORRECT
MISTAKES
INTERPERSONAL TWO PEOPLE TALKING
HAPPENS ALL THE TIME EG: 2 FRIENDS. ITS ONE

TO ONE COMMUNICATION CAN BE FORMAL OR

INFORMAL
GROUP COMMUNICATION WHEN A GROUP OF
PEOPLE SIT TOGETHER AND DISCUSS SOMETHING.
EG: GROUP OF PEOPLE AT WORK IN A MEETING
PUBLIC COMMUNICATION WHEN ONE PERSON
ADDRESSES A LARGE NUMBER OF PEOPLE. EG :
POLITICIAN
A MESSAGE UNDERSTOOD IS COMMUNICATION EXPLAIN
IN COMMUNICATION, A SENDER SENDS A MESSAGE AND
RECIEVER RECIEVES IT. IF HE DOESNT UNDERSTAND IT
COMMUNICATION HAS NOT HAPPENED.
ONLY WHEN THE RECIEVER UNDERSTANDS CAN WE SAY
COMMUNICATION HAS TAKEN PLACE.

HOW
DO
WE
SOCIALLY
COMMUNICATION ?

INTERACT

THROUGH

WE LIVE IN SOCIETY AND IT IS IMPORTANT TO

INTERACT
WITH
OTHERS
IN
SOCIETY.
WE
COMMUNICATE WITH FAMILY AND FRIENDS.WE SHARE
OUR IDEAS, FEELINGS, THOUGHTS ETC. BECAUSE WE CAN
LIVE IN ISOLATION. WE SOCIALLY INTERACT THROUGH
COMMUNICATION
HOW DID WRITING GIVE MAN HISTORY?
BEFORE WRITING CAME INTO EXISTENCE, EVERYTHING
PASSED TO PEOPLE ORALLY. PEOPLE COULD NOT
MAINTAIN RECORDS AND FORGOT ABOUT THEM. BUT
ONCE PRINTING CAME INTO EXISTENCE, HISTORIANS

COULD PUT DOWN ON PAPER WHAT HAPPENED OVER

YEARS. ALL DEVELOPMENTS OVER THE YEARS WAS
PRINTED. HENCE, WRITING GAVE MAN HISTORY.

FIVE FORMS OF MASS MEDIA

NEWSPAPER
RADIO
TV
MAGAZINES
INTERNET

FUNCTIONS OF MEDIA
TO EDUCATE AND ENTERTAIN PEOPLE
TO INFORM PEOPLE
EG: AN EARTHQUAKE SOMEWHERE OR CRICKET
SCORES
SOME CONCEPTS

PAPER COMES FROM PAPYRUS

EARLY WRITING WAS DONE ON PALM LEAVES
JOHANNES GUTENBERG DEVELOPED PRINTING
PRINT MEDIA IS NEWSPAPERS

TRADITIONAL MEDIA IN INDIA

TRADITIONAL SONGS
MYTHOLOGICAL SONGS
PUPPETERY

WHAT IS CONVERGENCE ?
IT IS THE COMING TOGETHER OF DIFFERENT FORMS OF
MEDIA AND OTHER FORMATS EG: PHOTOS, FILMS,
RADIO, TV
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SMALL PRINTING PRESS AND
NEWSPAPER PRINTING PRESS
SMALL PRESS
1.
2.
3.
4.

OFFSET PRINTERS
1 OR 2 COLOUR PRINTING FACILITIES
MATTER PREPARED AND SET ON COMPUTER
THEN PRINT ON SINGLE TRANSPARENT SHEET
MASTER COPY
5. MASTER COPY PASTED ON ROLLER OF PRINTER
6. MACHINE STARTS PRINTING ON SEPARARE PAPER
ONE BY ONE
NEWS PAPER PRESS
1. HUGE AUTOMATIC MACHINES
2. COMPRESSED PDF OF NEWSPAPER TRANSMITTED
FROM OFFICE TO PRESS BY SATTELITE
3. DOWNLOADED AT PRESS
4. FILE PROCESSING, COLOUR PROCESSING, SCANNING
5. INCHARGE GIVES COMMAND TO HUGE MACHINE
6. THEN ITS FOLDED AND DISTRIBUTED
WHAT IS MASS COMMUNICATION
IT IS THE SPREADING OF MESSAGES TO LARGE
COMMUNITIES (MASSES).

 ELECTRONIC MEDIUM IS POPULAR THESE DAYS FOR

MASS COMMUNICATION
THE CHANNEL OR MEDIUM BY WHICH IT TAKES
PLACE IS CALLED MASS MEDIA ( EG- TV, RADIO,
INTERNET CHANNELS, NEWSPAPERS, MAGAZINES)
IT IS A SPECIAL TYPE OF COMMUNICATION WHERE
LARGE NO. OF PEOPLE ARE INVOLVED
CAN REACH BILLIONS OF PEOPLE WHO WE DONT
EVEN KNOW
PROCESS IS DEFINED - WHO SAYS WHAT TO
WHOM,
WITH
WHAT
EFFECT,
IN
WHICH
CHANNEL.
THE EFFECT IS THE IMPACT IT HAS ON THE PEOPLE
EXAMPLE: SOCIAL MESSAGE TO ERADICATE POLIO

MASS COMMUNICATION REACHES LARGE NUMBER OF

PEOPLE THROUGH MASS MEDIA.
FUNCTIONS
1. INFORMATION THIS IS BIG FUNCTION ON MASS
COMM. PEOPLE NEED INFO AND RELY ON MEDIA. WE
GET INFO ON THE WORLD THROUGH THIS MASS
COMM
2. EDUCATION MASS COM PROVIDES KNOWLEDGE TO
PEOPLE ON TOPICS THEY KNOW LITTLE ABOUT.
PLAYS A VITAL ROLE THROUGH A PERSONS LIFE IN
PROVIDING EDUCATION LIKE CAMPAIGNS AGAINST
AIDS OR TB
3. ENTERTAINMENT WE ALL NEED SOME FUN AND
MASS COMM LIKE TV OR RADIO PROVIDES US
ANYTHING FROM MUSIC TO SHOWS

ORIGIN OF MASS COMM

TERM DEVELOPED IN 20TH CENTURY
EARLIER PIGEONS AND HORSE RIDERS WERE
USED TO COMMUNICATE TO MASSES
INVENTION OF PAPER NEWSPAPERS
INVENTION OF TELEGRAPHY
TELEPHONE BY ALAXANDER GRAHAM BELL
MARCONI INVENTED RADIO
TV INVETED BY J L BAIRD
DIFFERENT FORMS OF MASS MEDIA

TV
RADIO
NEWSPAPER
FILMS
PHOTOGRAPHY
WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
NEW MEDIA
TRADITIONAL MEDIA

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN NEW MEDIA & TRADITIONAL

MEDIA
NEW MEDIA

TRADITIONAL MEDIA

1. INCLUDES
COMPUTERS, IT,
NETWORK, DIGITAL
MEDIA

1. FOLK
SONGS,MYTHOLOGIC
AL STORIES, STREET
THEATRES, PUPPETRY

2. ONLY LITERATE
PEOPLE CAN USE

2. ILLLITERATE PEOPLE
CAN USE

3. LANGUAGE ISNT
EASY BUT CONTENT
IS PROGRAMMED

3. SIMPLE LANGUAGE,
SPONTANEOUS
CONTENT

4. WESTERN COUNTRY
ORIGIN

4. INDIAN ORIGIN