‘The 2 tmenesionel Conferenes on Engineering and 1CT , Febramry 2010, Melaka. Malaysia & A Study on the Wind and Geothermal as a Potential of Renewable Energy Sources in Malaysia MEM Basar, MR. Sapiee, L.M.Hishammudin, N. Zakaria, NIMCYusof, N. Wahid, W..A Ismail Final mfarrig@ulemedu my, razali@utem.edn.y Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTM) Asiact— This payer is stotes aboxt the potenti sf renywvable energy sources in Stays, Energy i one ofthe inost valuable amd desired resourees ever. In general almost ‘i countries i che world suff a nogattve impact from the Jnoreasing cit prices, A ew ecurce of renewable enorey from wind and geothermal isa posite conttbutor 1a sclve the energy erbis. Even Gwoughy this renewable caergy hd already established espacialy fa the daveloped eaues, bat wall now the restore apalication in harvesting bo:k enorgy it stil not commercalition applied in Malaysia. es of tht, the relevant seieaific Uterature about these both energy mplayed in Malaytia i not sary found. Hence, sks paper i presenting the proviaus esrenrc in harvesting the wind and geothermal energy Ot have been covployed in other countries in term of their aGvantages, envbacks, costing und technologies, T ae studios have gives a meaningful indientor regarding the effort to create a wind 2nd geothermat pawer plant ia Malaysia. As + flual point, the idea that hus been proposed im this paper would provide an understanding of the priveiple in harvesting the wind and geothermal energy and furthermore give a significant contribution for ferther researeh, Keywords — energy sources, renewable eirgy, geothermal, commersialization. iad, 1 wrropuction Renewable energy is energy that can te replenished nce it has been used. Generally, the remaining oil reserves are left for only SO move years proportional to the worldwide current usage consumption rate. Moreover, Malaysia wes also affected by this Issue, Consequerce from this issue, the renewable cuergy which are from ‘wind and geothermal is whispered to replace tho oxisting fossil fuel reserves. Hence, this paper is studies and investigates the capability and the suitability for harvesting the wind and geothermal energy in Malaysin, In order to obtain an easier understanding, firstly, it is better to identizy the principle of work for harnessing these both energy sources as prcliminary effort. Then, investigate the potentiality of implementing both ciean energy system in Malaysia according to the previous research works end lieraluze sludies 1 Winn Turse In theory, Solar energy is pertaining to wind enorgy. Doring day and nieht, diverse stvfaces and different parts of the earth absorb and reflected the sun's rays feat at dlssimiler rates As a result, it causes the atmosphere to lemperate differently. Due 10 that, the hot sir become increases, cousing the atmospheric pressure at the earti’s suriace reduce and fimlly the cooler cir is drawn to replace it [4-5]. This is how the wind is generated! Beside that, the kinetic enecgy is energy of the air moss motion, Wind ean be haressing to gain an electrical nower-at almost all location. In order to gain a high return on outlay, wind turbines have to be located st the places, ‘which have constantly high wind speed. Figuce } shows a picture of wind turbines located at the plaves called wind form. Generally, a wind turbine is a revolving machine that adapts the kinetic energy 0f wind and converted into Flgue [Wer Mit mechanical energy. The Kinetic energy of moving cir is qual to half tne mass of te air, 11 times the squace ofits velocity, Y as shown in equation J, where mt is in kilograms ond ¥ i in meters per second (ms"){I} If she mechanical eneruy used sirzightly for grinding works, typically the machine # known as a windmill Otherwise, the machine ts called as 2 wind geatrator, ‘wind turbine, wind power unit, wind anergy converter or serogencrater{6]. Refer to thy Figure 2, wind wibine composes of forr important parts [4]. First is a rotor or blades. This per is needed for converting the wind's energy into cotetional shoft energy. Second is 8 nacelle whieh is containing a rive train and regularly togester with a gearbox plas a generator, Third is a tower that {s used to hold up the rotor and drive tain, Fourth is electronic equipment sucit as controls, electric egbles and ground support anparams,Ayags = posds pina sip ynom case sf azqees 2q oF Zum ieHoda, 9 SeomBIES saoqe Woy “yunig’g| we eredmea Ayspuoaya azour tuadsed gE og aanpord prod Wergng paads po afimaan cm Tyla 28 B tuo Bujerado auqum 2 ioom uy [5-p] cow? sown ayo Ayorotusoudde Seyeraus® s9aicd stp 3[qnop st peads pay aq gy mp suo ig ae Aq Senssed woud Mp pue ANDOTeR puri. Jo sqno a cae 70. 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Gexbamul Part VIL POTENTIAL ELEecTuctry In GeOmuRMAL. ENERGY ‘The geothermal energy can be divided {nto two pars in ecm of ths use of this energy. First, the geothermal nsed ‘for electricity generation and the olier one is for heating purposes, The reviews of the electricity generation have been mode by Huttrer and the other one is reviewed: the direct use of geothermal energy by Lund and Freestone i ‘The teinperaiune increases with an average of 25°C per Kilometer of tho emrth depth. If the average surface temperature is 30°C, te temperature a Sk is 155°C. For direc: use epplication of geothermal energy, temperature as love as 35°C can be uilized. However, the ‘ainimunn temoerature suitable for electrical generation is about 125°C. 3n 2003, about 24 countries in the world generate electricity nsing n geothermat steam. The largest installed capacities are in the United Statcs, which is 2228MW, [a addition, it is: mativating to look t» tre Malaysia’s neighbor countries. in South East Asie. Philippines, Iadonesia and ‘Thailand had instalied 1909MW, 589MW and O5MW respectively. The ratio of cleciricity generated Lom geothermal resources in Philippines is about 22% and indonesia is 5% [9}. ‘VIM. GEOTIICRMAL ENERGY IN MALAYSIA It was reported that there are 79 localities hot springs ia Malaysia. twas located in Peninsular Malaysia along the ‘eastern part of the soain range granite batholiths, Besides that, the hot springs in Sabah originate within young volcanic atea. While in Sarawak, thermal springs were located ot the most westemmost area of that state Currently, the thermal ateas sed for the recreational activities purposes only. In Malaysia, there are a few of femous hot springs. There are Uli Lenggong Hot Sorings in Kedah, Air Hanget Village in Pulau Langkawi, Gadck Mot Spring in Melua, Pedaa Hot Spring in Negeri Sembiken, Sungai Klah in Pecak, Tambua Hot Spring in ora, and Poring Hor Spring in Sabah There i a place called Apes which is 40k from “Tawaw has a poteutial to generate cleciricity thom geothermal sources. According to the studied by the Deputy Natural Resources and Eaviroament of Malaysia, ‘the gootherml site in Apas has a potential to generate up 87 to GTMIW of electricity a day. Moreover, the eleciicily _genored ig able to meet the energy demands of Tavwau, Stored st year 2007, the researcher found that this plats had # potcatial to gencrate cleciricity according to the mapnetatellurie seudy an the Soke site. The study also fonud a reservoir aboct 3k below the earth's surface with the water temperatures near t9 235°C. This fempereture was more than enough to heat and at the same lime generale electricity. However, to implement & Tige-seale system for harvesting this alterative cneray, it Wold take time. It is due to the several matters 10 resalve where the Feud was under the Sabah's jurisdiction and vas focated within the Sabsh Perks, a protected area. ‘TABLELY. Exeney cost companison Resoneees Type ‘Aveenge cot (ent EW) 3 7 iv = Biomass ao Tipdagen uel es 15 Solr. 1232 Bosides thet, under the Ninth Malaysia Pian, the Government had allocated RM2.5 wnillion for research ot the sila.ond it was heped that driliing conld start under the 10 Melaysia Plan, ‘The cast of gecthermal is ‘competitive with other energy whoreas it is almost equally to the wind power2s shown in Table IV. WL, — ConeLusion Je 3s good to understand that, safficient information skout both eneray is necessary before entploying 2 large seale and matare system. Besides that, the constant in harvesting :his two energy is regarding the cost. The high cost fs the main reasons why its not develop seriously i Malaysia. Realize with the redocing of fossil fuel in the ‘world, Malaysia needs to Gnd other potential of eneray sources, The studies on wind aad geothermal energy are basically not to seplace the fuels generator. However, i is believed that, this both enorgy sources can de integrate ‘with the ordinary electricity network. In this paper, it soncindes thet, Malaysia could product clectricity by using the wind energy about 50% of requirement far one howsehold, On the other side, Malaysia also has a. potential to devclop moro clectrcity by using geothermal energy. As a final point, the wind energy and geothermal energy can be a potortial of eneray soprces in Malaysia as long as the equiaments and technologies suitable 10 used in this country. REFERENCES Be Musgrove, "Wid Eoargy Convert ~ an inonetion”, IE Proesedings, Wol 130, No, Decembe- 1983, Malysion Mececrolesioat Departmen, Miniszy of Ssisnce, “Techaclogy en lanovav.ons MOST! 201, latan Sen, Betaing diya Selangor, dew sat gov ny. ZM, Dans, NA. Hesbin, SNA Manas, “The Developmcat of ‘ybeid inegrned Renewable Enciny System CWind and Solar toe ul eB BI2 “abot urnaqaa 61-51 ‘600 doUsOMeUTIBNED VOT -punyony “Sony ne PO Jo OMIA DU AE ZED “eat ‘xm yguag wrsraRy SoC) FAMeXOA) [RamHSH “gNE pe sesnooy an eng y= Au mun) WOME ME COTY Suds 9 eee CMU YR LNCS TTA TOOT AT (eh) one ome 4 vege A ope Sra “Aaporeig sD; RL ‘nog: pephag weymining ohod RUBS, NOUN $6) “oie AOA ‘5 -2qmION, “> 10 “WO:S}A SEDJOUTDL PUR CoWOIS ODSTST SMM 20 AA IS ORD deepen SET desu on 3s MamEPACA. PED ae LA PHP Ces AT “sone dy = 1sReg S547 tone weHMee po eH omnqyac pe Unesteaes, SNL UTA J9 FSC, BAL Srou Jo voy uo worm, aes Pee Be FRc] TT Da rep pa ua ‘epotopion ay ay epsicRGIN, PA ta Anas aN LOR 4 srpsoriny my veg Seo ERIE, "OD SyPD [e) ETERS) UMN "0001 SAN ‘eng ¥ fost one VEAL mses FL pg we OY fod ie" 2H 6 eg FEN eG RUIN, seodenrs SINE puE MENERNG BHT SHS veascopyy yoeER ‘OCOR AmcRE Tp Fu seutIg co aoneresUOD (BLOB ZOE,