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Australian Explorers Upper Primary Gunter Schymkiw
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424 vues49 pagesAustralian Explorers Upper Primary Gunter Schymkiw
Transféré par
Stef JuraHistory Australia Upper Primary
Droits d'auteur :
© All Rights Reserved
Formats disponibles
Téléchargez comme PDF ou lisez en ligne sur Scribd
Vous êtes sur la page 1sur 49
Australian
pone Explorers
a
Y
xe ff Gunter Schymkiw
Ue ef Foreword
Part of a nation's character is derived from its heroes, This book uses the high-interest topic of Australian
explorers to make students avare ofthe great heroism displayed by our early European explorers ~ which will
increase their knowledge of their country's history, These ae inspiring stories of great courage, endurance and
self-sacrifice,
Activity sheets are designed to challenge students and fit into curriculum component of studies of soclety and
environment, They also integrate into language, mathematics, design and technology and visual arts strands
using a variety of approaches and catering for different learning styles. The material in this book is suitable
{for formal classroom lessons, revision, assignment work or homework. Extension activities and answers have
been included.
It is not the intent of this book to take from the many achievements, acts of courage and feats of endurance
of the original Australian explorers (Australian Aborigines) but rather to focus on the specific individuals listed
below.
Additional Activities
Aboriginal People
‘The Mystery of The Great South Land
The Dutch Spice Traders.
Dirk Hartog..
Abel Tasman..
William Dampier
James Cool
Exploration in Early Sydney
Bags and Flinder
Matthew Flinders.
Phillip Parker King.
Crossing the Blue Mountains
John Oxley
Charies Sturt.
Eyre and Wylie
Ludwig Leichhardt
Augustus Gregory
John McDouall Stuart.
Burke and Wills.
Answers.
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1. The First Fleet anchored in —____in January, 1788.
Sir Joseph Banks had suggested that it would make a good —_____
3. Because the land was unsatisfactory the settlement was moved to de
4 _—____________ discovered the —____________. IS
5. Atthe same time Captain___________ had found the mouth of the :
— River at —_ Le
1
6. Captain Phillip realised that good had to be found so that the colony|3
would not always be _____on the arrival of a supply =
from England. =
- a
‘www: ricgroup.com.au 18 Bass and Flinders — 1
George Bass, a naval surgeon, and Matthew Flinders, a master’s
mate on a ship, were good friends. They shared an interest in
exploration and adventure. Arriving in Australia in 1795, they
were interested in finding out as much as they could about the
strange new land.
Their first voyage of discovery was in a tiny rowing boat only
two and a half metres fong which they christened Tom Thumb.
(Measure out two and a half metres in your classroom and you
will see how small the boat was for ocean travel In this they
sailed out of Sydney Harbour into Botany Bay and up the George's
River; mapping the area as they went. A second expedition followed
in a slightly larger boat fitted with a sail, also called Tom Thumb.
With them this time was a young boy called William Martin, whose main job was to bail water from the
boat. They mapped and explored the regions around present day Wollongong.
In December 1797, Bass and six volunteers set out in an eight and a half metre long whaleboat to find out
if Van Diemen's Land (Tasmania) was separated from mainland Australia, On this journey he found and
named the Shoalhaven River.
Continuing on he found Twofold Bay which was to become
a whaling centre and is near the present day fishing town of
Eden. Following the coast he sailed alongside the Ninety
Mile Beach and beyond Wilson's Promontory (the mainland's
most southerly point named after the English businessman
and friend of Matthew Flinders, Thomas Wilson) as far as
Westernport Bay. After exploring the area for almost two
weeks, the difficult job of returning to Sydney Harbour began.
It took six weeks to return relying in turn on sails and oars.
Bass reported that he believed Van Diemen's Land was
separated from the mainland.
Another expedition was commissioned with Matthew Flinders
in charge and Bass his second in command. This time they
sailed a twenty-five tonne ship called the Norfolk because it was
made of Norfolk Island Pine. Among the places charted on
this trip was Flinders Island. Sailing around Van Diemen's Land
they proved that a strait of water separated it from the mainland,
Governor Hunter named it Bass Strait in honour of the man
who first drew attention to its possible existence.
Bass left the navy in 1799 to become a trader. In 1803 he
disappeared on a trading trip to Chile and nothing is known
cf what happened to him, Some people believed he was arrested
step
for smuggting and ved out the rest of his life as a prison SPP (”
labourer in a South American silver mine. His friend, Matthew fos”.
; itr
Flinders, was to go on to even greater voyages of discovery. iss
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"Bass and Flinders — 2
® Write full sentence answers to the questions below. To answer in a sentence you often use part of the
question in your answer. Sentence beginnings are given.
1. What was the name of Bass and Flinders' first boat?
Bass and Flinders' first boat
2. Which region did they map and explore on their second expedition?
On their second expedition
3. What did they prove on their third expedition together?
On their third expedition together they proved
4. What did some people think may have happened to Bass when he disappeared?
Some people thought
® Name the following.
1. Two rivers mentioned (i) —__(ii)
2. Three bays mentioned (i) —____ (ii) __________iiii)
3. Two types of vessels mentioned (i)
—_—____— iii)
® Find words on the sheet with these meanings. The first letter is given.
1. Apie
e of high land that juts out into the water_p
Chosen to perform a job c
Be N
Zz
é
3
3
&
°
9
&
3
g
g
a
z
a
No?
To dip out water b
© Use three of these words in sentences of your own. AB, pecerch Tra
Write sentences mentioning each of
the following in Tasmania:
* three towns or cities;
+ three rivers
three lakes;
+ three important products; and
+ three famous Tasmanians.
Draw a map of Tasmania,
Mark in Hobart, Launceston,
Devonport, Burnie and Strahan,
|
it — Ta Ee
Ru
‘www sicgroup.comay ao Matthew Flinders — 1
In 1801 Matthew Flinders was promoted to Commander and put
in charge of an old, 334-tonne ship called the Xenophon. Flinders
renamed her Investigator. In this ship, with many of its boards
rotting, Flinders undertook the task of mapping and exploring
Australia's coastline. With him went scientists and artists whose
job it was to study and draw any new things they saw.
Their first major stopping point was King George Sound in
Western Australia, They stayed here observing the wildlife and
befriending the Aboriginal people for three weeks. Of the first
contact between his marines and the Aboriginal people Flinders
wrote ‘When they saw these beautiful red and white men, with
their bright muskets, drawn up in line they absolutely screamed
with delight’,
Sailing on, they caught a huge shark and cut open its
stomach to find 'a large seal, bitten in two’, These
waters, along the southern coastline of Australia are
renowned hunting grounds of the fiercest ofall sharks,
the great white.
Sailing south of the Nullabor Plain he was astonished
by the sheer cliffs that make up this part of our coast.
Following the coast he found and named Spencer Gulf
(named after a high ranking official in the navy). Here,
eight men were drowned when the small boat they
, = :
were in to go ashore was overturned by a huge wave. SF
Flinders continued his work, following the south coast and then turning northward to follow the east
coast. (Because his supplies were almost exhausted he replenished them in Sydney Setting out again on
22 July 1802, he followed the coast northward and was charmed by the beauty of the Great Barrier Reef.
He was forced to run the ship ashore and repair it at Sweers Island in the Gulf of Carpentaria because It
was taking on large amounts of water. After sailing out of the gulf and towards Timor there was an
outbreak of the disease dysentery on the ship. This sickness was to stay with the ship for most of the trip
|. back to Sydney, claiming seven lives (this illness is like a severe form of diarrhoea).
Investigator finally returned to Sydney on 9 June 1803.
Its circumnavigation of Australia had taken almost two
years, Flinders had proved that Australia was not, as
The maps he made were of great value to later explorers.
Poor Flinders deserved to live to a ripe and happy old
age, but unfortunately this was not the case. France
and England were enemies at this time. He was captured
by the French and spent six years in one of their jails.
This affected his health and he died in 1814, a few years
after being released, aged just 40 years.
worw riggroup.com.au
some people thought, divided into two large islands. 4}
7
fons ~ Alstralan Elo — oe
Matthew Flinders — 2
© Write short answers to the questions below. |
1. What new name did Flinders give to the Xenophon? —__
2. Which task was Flinders given? 3. Who accompanied him on this voyage?
4. What was the first major stopping point? ——___
5. What fascinated the Aboriginal people here? ——____
6. What makes up a lange part of 7. What tragic event happened in Spencer Gul? |
the southern coastline of Australia? }
8 Where was Flinders forced to run Investigator ashore to be repaired? _______ }
9. What killed seven men on the journey from Timor to Sydney?
10, What had Flinders! circumnavigation of Australia proved? ___
® In your own words write what happened to Flinders after his circumnavigation of Australia,
Write full sentences.
® Classifying
Find words from the information sheet that belong to each group. The first letter is given.
bream, mullet, flounder, whiting, s —____.____
cannon, rifle, pistol, air gun, m ——
otter, walrus, dugong, sea lion, s —_____
mend, fix, overhaul, refurbish, r
Endeavour, Cygnet, Zeehaen, Norfolk, |
. bay, headland, bight, lagoon, g —_____
watching, looking at, studying, o__._____
. well known, famous, noted, r________________.
seu eae bey
ver, muscle, lung, heart, s———___________
Research
Many place names in Australia are linked to early explorers. Use a phone book to find the State and
postcode of each of these places. For example, Cooktown — Queensland — 4871.
Bass, Flinders, Dampier, Zeehan, Endeavour Hills, Cygnet.
=o “Australian Felony
Rh
www siegroup.comau —— _
Phillip Parker King — 1
Phillip Parker King was the son of Philip Gidley King, Australia's third Governor.
Atan early age his father introduced him to the great navigator and mapmaker,
Matthew Flinders. When the young King grew up he was to complete the
great task begun by Flinders of mapping the Australian coastline. This was seen
as most important because there were fears that France may try to claim part
of the continent. Part of King's job was to find places suitable for settlement.
so English bases could be established there.
King led four voyages in all, three in the cutter, Mermaid, and one in the brig,
Bathurst. These voyages took place from I8I7 to 1822. His observations on these
voyages hinted at the nature of the new land. Among the many things he was
asked to look for was any waterway that might lead to the continent's inland
sea. Because hot winds blew seaward from the land he suggested that Australia
was ‘occupied by vast sandy deserts, not an inland sea’,
He explored and mapped Australia's northern coast in great detail, naming
such places as Port Essington and Raffles Bay (after Sir Stamford Raffles, the
Englishman who helped make Singapore a part of Britain's empire).
‘On his second voyage he explored the country around the recently discovered
{by John Oxley) Port Macquarie. He sailed up the Hastings River and
because of his favourable reports a penal settlement and sugar cane growing
were begun there in 1823.
Sailing on to Cape York Peninsula the Mermaid ran aground,
His crew managed to free it before it was wrecked. King
named this the Escape River.
‘Continuing along the north west he found and named
Cambridge Gulf (after the Duke of Cambridge}, the
emptying point of the full-flowing Forrest, Durack,
Pentecost, King and Ord Rivers. (The Ord River was 1. forest tiee
dammed in 1972 to form Australia's largest man-made 3 DrcokRiver
lake, Lake Argyle, with an area of more than 740 km) Negfer
When he returned to Sydney after this
voyage he purposely had the Mermaid
sunk and then refloated to try and get
« FR PM=Fort Macquarie rid ofthe rats and cockroaches on board,
B- Brisbane This, however, was unsuccessful with the
FR-Exoape River i ft i
Er Feeopefie pest eturing soon after the refloating.
ANG Hort West C
R-Rottest sind ON his fourth voyage of exploration in p
tc § Sychey a new ship, the Bathurst, he explored the
8 region from Rottnest Island to the IS
North West Cape on the Western [3
Rie ‘eM Australian coast, Ss
King's explorations filled in many of the
gaps on the map of Australia, His charts
v were so accurate that they remained in
use for more than one hundred years.
www ricgroup.comau Phillip Parker King — 2
® — Write short answers to these questions.
1, To whom did Phillip Parker King's father introduce him at a young age?
2. Why was it seen to be important to map all of the Australian continent?
4. What led King to think that there was no inland sea in the centre of Australia?
Which rivers empty into Cambridge Gulf? —
6. What is the name of the lake formed by the damming of the Ord River? —
7. Why did King deliberately sink the Mermaid?
8. Which region did he explore in the Bathurst?
® King managed to complete Flinders’ mapping task, Use the grid to copy the map of Australia, You can
use this method to copy any map or picture. When doing this, rule the grid lightly so you can rub it
‘out on completion leaving just your copied picture,
A pc pe A pc poof
3. Which two ships did King use in his four voyages?
Het XN
a oT
@ Ne we ea
oS Sa kN
oe Ne 2 ews
ey aN a ee
* TO ae Fe
® On your copied map mark in these places visited by King:
Port Macquarie, Brisbane, Escape River, Cambridge Gulf, North-West Cape, Rottnest Island, Sydney
Research/ Writing
Rats, cockroaches and other vermin often accompanied sailors on thelr journeys. Write a brief report about one
of these pests. Illustrate your report.
Write and act out an interview with a rat or cockroach which went on one of King's trips. For example,
Interviewer: Ladies and gentlemen, tonight our special guest is Kenny Cockroach. Kenny, | believe you went
with King on board the Mermaid. What did you enjoy most on the trip?
Kenny: Scrabbling around the scullery at night was great and so was... etc.
Pr
www sicgroup.com.au
= =
Phillip Parker King — 3
& Improvements
Phillip Parker King built on from what Matthew Flinders had done, In each group below match the
original idea to its improvement/advance. Rule lines using different colours as shown in the example.
@ rope * + aeroplane
sundial + + belt
well + + clock
horse and cart. * + plumbing
dirigible + cr
) skyrocket + + word processor
abacus + + spaceship
typewriter + + motor bike
buttons + + calculator
bicycle + + tipper
@ papyrus + + milking machine
milkmaid + + escalator
diving bell + + submarine
steps * * computer
Babbage's analytical engine + + paper 4
icebox + + combine harvester
phonograph + + refrigerator
scythe + + hang glider
iron + + CD player
wings + + steel
trousers
light bulb
animation
ballpoint pen
bottle
washboard + microscope
trunk + + work pad
blackboard slate + + suitcase
magnifier * + traffic light
duty policeman + washing machine
(8) _Bow Street runners printing press
acolipile cruise liner
sailing ship nylon
scribe steam engine
polymer police
Ke panos = Assan Ea
‘www riegroup.comau As Sydney's population grew it became apparent that more land would
be needed to grow crops so the colony could support itself. To find this
land it would be necessary to go west, The natural barrier of the Blue
Mountains to Sydney's west however, blocked the way to any westward
expansion. Only if a way could be found through the mountains to
good farmlands would the colony grow successfully.
Many attempts were made to cross the mountains but all ended in failure,
defeated by the sheer cliffs and deep gorges.
In 1804 George Caley, after almost perishing in an attempt to cross the
mountains, wrote about them as 'the devil's wilderness’.
Gregory Blaxland, William Lawson and William Charles Wentworth were
all successful graziers (sheep and cattle farmers). The summer of 1812-3 was very hot and dry and all three
men's herds lost large numbers because of the shortage of good grazing land. They decided that they, like
‘so many before them, would try to find a way through the mountains.
that we REALLY really... -wantis more... good grazing land
Previous explorers had mostly followed the rivers only to find them coming to a sudden end in either a
gorge or waterfall. Blaxland, Lawson and Wentworth decided they would try and go over the mountains
by staying up high and following the ridges.
Together with four convict servants they began their expedition on I! May 1813 setting off from a place
J near today’s Penrith,
Cutting their way through thick scrub, their progress was often slow. Despite great hardship they succeeded.
On 28 May 1813 they reached the top of Mount York and saw land ‘covered with good grass’. The men
were rewarded with large grants of
land, allowing them to increase the
size of their herds. By 1815, thanks
to Wiliam Cox and a team of thirty
convicts, a road (the original Great
Western Highway) 60 kilometres
long had been built to the site of
present day Bathurst. The settlement
of inland Australia had begun,
‘www riegroup.com.au —
Crossing the Blue Mountains — 2
® White short answers to the questions below.
1. Why was it necessary to find more land?
- Which natural barrier blocked the way to the west?
. What name did George Caley give to the mountains?
| What did Blaxland, Lawson and Wentworth do for a living?
What happened to their herds in the summer of 1812-13?
What had most explorers before them followed?
Mowe ey
What did Blaxland, Lawson and 8. What did they see to the west when
Wentworth do that was different? they reached the top of Mount York?
9. How were they rewarded?
10. Who was put in charge of building a road to Bathurst?
® On the map below mark in:
Sydney, Penrith and Wollongong.
Colour the mountains — brown; the ocean — blue; the coastal strip ~ orange; and the Macquarie Plains — green.
a
Ra
(Mt Blaxland 4.
na
Use a broken red line to mark in Blaxland, Lawson and Wentworth’s route,
y® Write these things in graded order from smallest to largest.
fF 1. hillock, anthill, mountain range, mountain, hill
2. sheep station, garden, farmlet, potplant
© Grade these from smoothest to roughest.
Research/Writing Is
On a seperate piece of paper write a f
1
a
wheatfield bowling green newspaper report telling the people of
the colony about Blaxland, Lawson and
lawn LJ scrub Wentworth's great
— discovery.
gravel Include a headline, « byline and some
pictures.
billiard table
www riegroup.comau John Oxley — 1
=)
seagoing’ /=- When Blaxland, Lawson and Wentworth crossed the Blue
Mountains in 183 they proved that Australia had an ample amount,
of good, fertile farmland. The Macquarie Plains, near Bathurst
were quickly taken up by farmers,
Farmers and communities need water to survive. Early farms and
settlements had to be set up close to rivers. But where did the
western rivers run to? Perhaps to a vast inland sea.
Governor Macquarie (the Governor known as ‘the
Builder’) gave his Surveyor General, John Oxley, the
job of following the Lachlan River to its end. With a
party of twelve men, some packhorses and portable
boats he set out to trace the river's course on
24 March 1817. With some men in the boats and
others on the bank leading the horses, they followed
the river until 14 May 1817 when it became ‘intersected
by swamps and lagoons in every direction’ (near present
day Condoblin),
Travelling overland in a southerly direction he again came to part of the Lachlan (near the current day
town of Hillston) but was once again forced to turn away by the impenetrable marshes. Oxley returned
to Sydney, greatly disappointed. |,
In May 1818, Oxley made a second attempt to solve the 'riddle of the rivers’ by following the course of the
Macquarie River. Once again, the river disappeared in swamps and Oxley wrote that he believed they were
‘in the vicinity of an inland lake or sea...filling up from the higher lands’. Oxley turned eastward and after
crossing the Warrumbungle Mountains, found and named Port Macquarie and the Hastings River before
returning to Sydney.
He was involved in several other expeditions of exploration including one to Moreton Bay, the site of
modern day Brisbane.
For many years, however, his belief that Australia's centre held a huge inland sea, though not proved, was
shared by many other people. If this belief was true it could mean that the area could be turned into a
fertile garden. The riddle of the rivers had to be solved.
wow.ricgroup.comau
as esos = Atstalan Ba John Oxley - 2
© White short answers to the questions below,
1. What did Blaxland, Lawson and Wentworth prove by crossing the Blue Mountains?
Near what were farms usually established? __
What job did Governor Macquarie give to Oxley?
What stopped Oxley from following the river to its end?
see ET
What did Oxley believe Australia's inland contained? =
© Use full sentences to write answers to the two questions below.
1. How would Australia be a better place if it had an inland sea?
2. How would Australia be a worse place if it had an inland sea?
® Sort the animals according to where they live,
whale shark platypus Murray cod seahorse trepang sunfish yabbie redfin European carp
_River Ocean
=]2]8)8]=
alalalp]e
® Use an atlas to find and list three rivers in each of the States or Territories below.
New South Wales __
‘Victoria
Queensland —
South Australia —
Tasmania ~
Western Australia -
Northern Territory
Research/Writing
Read ‘On The River Bank’ from ‘Wind In The Willows’ by Kenneth Grahame,
This story Is about animals living along the river bank in England.
Write your own river bank adventure using Australian animals.
www.ricgroup.com.au Charles Sturt — 1
In spite of the efforts of such explorers as John Oxley and Allan
Cunningham, the mystery of where the inland rivers ran remained
unsolved. The popular belief was that these rivers, the Lachlan,
Macquarie and Castlereagh, flowed into a shallow, swampy inland
sea,
In 1828 Governor Ralph Darling put Charles Sturt in charge of an
expedition to follow the course of the Macquarie River. Like Oxley,
Sturt found that he was unable to penetrate the thick reed beds.
Instead of turning to the east as Oxley had and making for the
coast on foot, Sturt turned westwards, going inland,
In the summer of 1828-29 Australia's eastern States
were in the grip of a severe drought, After almost a
fortnight on foot Sturt and his men came to a series
of linked waterholes. These were all that remained of
the drought affected Bogan River. Prior to this the
party had run so low on water they had to extract it
from mud to survive,
> They followed these waterholes for a month until
eS they came upon what Sturt described as 'a noble
SSMS iver’. He named it the Darling River after the
“=~ Governor,
In his journal, Sturt wrote that he would never forget the cries of terror and disappointment from his men
when they ‘called out to inform me the water was so salty as to be unfit to drink’. The part of the river
they had reached had underground salt springs which ran into the river. Further downstream the water §
was fit to drink. However, because of the harsh conditions and dwindling supplies, Sturt decided to turn
back.
Late in 1829 a second expedition began. Sturt knew the Darling must be a major river (because of its wide
banks), carrying a large amount of water when in flood. Like all the other inland rivers it flowed in a
westerly direction. Sturt's job, once again, was to find what became of this vast volume of water.
This time, carrying a collapsible whaleboat with him, he travelled In a south-westerly direction until his
party reached the swift-flowing Murrumbidgee River. They assembled the boat and followed the river
downstream until it joined another great river, the Murray.
They followed the Murray and, at current day Wentworth where the river joins the Darling, were confronted
by a large gathering of Aboriginal people. The Aboriginal people looked hostile. Sturt's men raised their
guns, ready to fire. Suddenly an Aboriginal person whom Sturt had befriended upstream emerged from
the bush and threw himself at his leader pleading with him. The boat was allowed to pass without
interference. ~
The party followed the Murtay to its end at Lake Alexandrina, C)i
Then came the hardest part of the journey: returning, upstream = =~
against the current. The story of the return journey is one of
great heroism. Rowing from dawn until it became dark, the men
suffered greatly. Two began raving endlessly. They were losing their
minds. Nevertheless, somehow they managed to return. Sturt had
shown that the river joined at various points, finally connecting to
the Murray before entering the ocean at Lake Alexandrina in South
Australia's Coorong region.
wor riegroup.comau 30 Charles Sturt — 2
® White short answers to the questions below,
1. Where did the early settlers believe the inland rivers flowed? —____
2. What job did Governor Darling give to 3. What had the Bogan River turned into as a
Sturt? result of the drought of 1828-29?
Which river did they reach after following the chain of waterholes?
5. Why were Sturt's men disappointed when they came to this river?
What did Sturt's men carry with them on their second journey?
Which river did Sturt follow until it flowed into the Murray?
8. Which town stands on the junction of the Murray and Darling Rivers?
Into which lake does the Murray River flow?
10. What is the name of this region in South Australia?
Complete the following on the map of New South Wales:
Rivers: Go over the Castlereagh in red, Macquarie in blue, Lachlan in orange, Murray in
green, Murrumbidgee in yellow, Darling in brown,
Colour: — Great Dividing Range — brown, Coastal Strip ~ orange.
Mark in: Sydney, Newcastle, Wollongong, Bathurst,
Wentworth, Mildura.
® Writing
Write clear instructions for would-be explorers on how to extract water from mud, (Use
diagrams to assist. Do this to see how it works. (Don't drink the water though.)
What do you think the proverb, ‘Necessity is the mother of invention’, means?
© Brainstorm
Things | don't like doing. List these after a brainstorm session with the class or group. Try to
think of an inventign that will make it easier to do the task you don't like doing.
pico Asan
Bic
wow sicgroup.com.au a Edward John Eyre came to Australia from England in 1832 aged
just 17. His first seven years in the colony were spent travelling
overiand with sheep and cattle in NSW and Victoria. As he moved
his herd he would sell part of it to other farmers or to butchers in,
various townships along the way. Doing this he made a handsome y
profit,
Eyre loved adventure, In 1837 he was
introduced to the great explorer, Charles Sturt. This meeting fired his
imagination and made him keen to explore and fill in some of the blank
spaces on the map of Australia, With a settlement established and growing in
‘Adelaide he decided that South Australia would be a good place to do this.
In Adelaide Governor Gawler asked him to try and find a suitable route to
drive cattle overland from Adelaide to Albany in Western Australia,
Eyre believed the best way to do this may be by travelling north. At this
time some people thought the mountains to the north of Adelaide were the
source of the Victoria and Adelaide Rivers.
Travelling in this direction, however, his way was blocked by the dry
salt beds of South Australias inland lakes. The fertile country of
the Adelaide and Victoria Rivers, we now know, lay hundreds of
kilometres to the north.
Early in 1841 Eyre began another expedition to try to find the
_LjiakeFrone overland stock route to Albany. With him went four other men.
b The overseer was named John Baxter, Three Aboriginal people Joey,
Yarry and Wylie made up the remainder of the party. This time
Eyre decided to follow the coastline of the Great Australian Bight.
This was to become one of Australia's epic journeys of exploration.
The party was constantly short of water. On several occasions they
collected water from the early morning dew on plants using sponges
(try doing this yourself), Joey and Yarry killed Baxter and made off
with most of the provisions. Wylie however, remained loyal and the
two struggled on determined to reach Albany. Eyre's favourite
pony died because it became so thirsty that it drank sea water
Doing this destroys the kidneys. Eyre and Wylie survived on a diet of fish, crabs and kangaroos. Once
they were so hungry they ate a penguin they found dead on a beach,
About 500 kilometres from Albany they sighted the French whaling ship, Mississippi and managed to get
L_ some assistance from its Captain, Captain Rossiter. Eyre gave the bay in which they were helped the name
Rossiter Bay. Continuing their journey, the two brave explorers reached Albany in July 1841,
Eyre's journey proved that there was no worthwhile farmland in this region. He went on to take up
government positions in New Zealand and Jamaica, In 190l,after helping to fight a fire on a winter's night,
he died of a cold, aged 86,
Wylie was given a medal, $4 and provided with rations for the rest of his life,
s * Rossiter Bay
fe Abbany
Port Lincoln
‘www riegroup.comau 2 © Write short answers to the questions below,
rte 7
Eyre and Wylie — 2
1. What did Eyre do to earn a living during his first seven years in Australia?
2. Who inspired Eyre to explore unknown parts of Australia?
3. What did Governor Gawler ask Eyre to try to find?
4. What stopped him when he travelled north?
5. What did Eyre decide to follow on his second attempt to find an overland cattle route to
Albany?
6. Who went with him on this journey? 7. How did they collect water when they ran short?
8. What happened to Baxter?
9. Who helped Eyre and Wylie when they were 500 kilometres away from Albany?
10. What did Eyre and Wylie's journey prove?
® Notemaking is skill that requires practice. Usually it involves the writing of key words. These are
usually nouns (naming words) and verbs (doing words) but may include some other important words.
In the notes below, highlight or underline the nouns, verbs and other words using different colours for each]
Show the colours you use in the key, Write N for noun, V for verb and O for other as shown.
Novo No
For example, Eyre came to Australia 1832
other J
Key: nouns verbs
+ met Sturt * inspired to find cattle route Adelaide to Albany
* lakes stopped him first time * second time followed Great Australian Bight
* Baxter killed * Eyre and Wylie struggled on
* proved no useful farmland here
® Copy the grid map of Western Australia. Mark in Eyre and Wylie's route on the second expedition.
A aco poof oc A aoc op he kG
1 eo it
wow sicgroup.comau
Con Ausalon Bara Ludwig Leichhardt — | -
Ludwig Leichhardt came to Australia from Germany in 1841 when /
he was 28 years old. He was a restless man whose mood could
change from optimism to despair in a short time. ‘y
His first two years in Australia were spent wandering the countryside
of northern NSW by himself studying plant life. As a result of his
findings he gained a reputation as a naturalist and botanist. ry
sy
In 1844, in an atmosphere of great excitement about finding out
more about the great new continent, Leichhardt managed to get
together a party of ten men. Their aim was to explore the central
north of Queensland then continue west to Port Essington in the
Northern Territory. a
Leichhardt's enthusiasm for studying the local plant and animal life put the expedition well behind schedule.
Supplies began to run low and Leichhardt and his men were forced to live on any wildlife they could catch.
At one stage, when he separated from the rest of his party and was temporarily lost, he caught and ate a
pigeon, writing, I swallowed the bones and the feet of the pigeon to allay the cravings of my stomach’.
Another unusual part of Leichhardt's diet was an occasional cupful of emu fat which he believed was good
for his rheumatism.
(rm, lovely cup
of ema fat
—
Leichhardt's expedition discovered and named many
rivers and landmarks. At one stage the party was
attacked by Aboriginal people. John Roperjafter whom
the Roper River was named, was struck by six spears,
spear passed through his neck. The Gilbert River
bears his name.
On 17 December 1845 Leichhardt’ party reached their
destination, Port Essington. Their journey which was
a planned to last six months had lasted fourteen months,
~The people at Port Essington were surprised to see
them, They had given them up for dead.
In December 1846, Leichhardt led another expedition. This time his aim was to cross Australia from east
to west. This was the wet season and weeks of heavy rain and sickness among the men caused the
expedition to be abandoned and Leichhardt and his men to turn back. Of the extreme conditions on this
expedition Leichhardt wrote that it was hard to eat without swallowing ‘about twenty flies' with every
mouthful.
Petsson
< In April 1848, with six other men, he again set
‘out in an attempt to cross the continent from
east to west, The seven men, seven horses, twenty
mules and fifty bullocks were never seen again.
What became of them is not known. Their fate
remains a mystery.
Leichhardt's first expedition provided much
valuable information about the nature of a large
part of Australia, Farmers were quick to take up
land holdings in the good farming areas of eastern
and central Queensland,
Leichhardt's 1844-5
Expedition
wovw-ricgroup.com.au 4
John Gilbert, the party's bird expert, died when a |
2 ao ~Mis Ee
RIC 10.
Ludwig Leichhardt — 2
© White short answers to the questions below.
1.
2
From which country was Leichhardt? ___
What did he do in his first two years in Australia?
. What was the aim of Leichhardt's first expedition?
What put the party behind schedule?
- What did Leichhardt take for rheumatism?
What happened to John Gilbert?
Why were the people at Port Essington surprised to see them?
What was the aim of Leichhardt's second expedition?
What caused this expedition to be abandoned?
What happened to Leichhardt's third expedition?
® Write dictionary definitions of the words below.
1
2. despair
3.
optimism
mule
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‘wwwriegroup.comau 5 Augustus Gregory — |
In 1851 gold was discovered near
Bathurst in New South Wales. Other
great gold finds soon followed in the
central Victorian districts of Bendigo
and Ballarat, These finds led to many
people from other lands coming to
Australia, Interest in exploration
temporarily declined as people rushed
to the goldifelds seeking their fortunes.
Most, however, left the goldfields no
better off than when they arrived.
These newcomers to Australia had to find somewhere to live. Many came from farming backgrounds in
their home countries. When they realised they would not get rich on the diggings many wanted to take
up farming in Australia. More good land had to be found to accommodate these people.
Augustus Gregory was a surveyor. In 1855 he was chosen by British government officials to lead an
expedition in the north of Australia to find land suitable for agriculture. The 36-year-old Western
Australian was meticulous in his planning. Establishing a base at Treachery Bay on Joseph Bonaparte Gulf,
he travelled south first. He found the land here to be mostly desert unsuited to farming.
Returning to the Treachery Bay base, he rested for a short time before beginning an overland crossing to
the east. On this journey he discovered and named the Leichhardt River after the ill-fated explorer. When
provisions ran low a horse was slaughtered,
and eaten. He covered territory that Mitchell
and Leichhardt had covered before him, he
was, therefore, able to confirm that there were
many areas here suitable for farming.
In 1858 Gregory was put in charge of
another expedition to try and find out what
had become of Leichhardt and his men ten
years earlier. He found a number of trees
marked with the letter ‘L’ but no other
traces of Leichharet's party, Continuing on
through western Queensland and southward
through South Australia to Adelaide he put
to rest once and for all the idea that central
Australia may hold an inland sea.
He was also able to prove that the dry salt
beds to the north of Adelaide belonged to
a series of lakes, not just one.
www riggroup.com.au 36 IF
Augustus Gregory — 2
® Find the listed words in the puzzle. The words have been hidden in an unusual manner. The first one
has been done for you. Use the words to complete the sentences below,
CIA[R(T[DIN|O|CIE|S|RIE] eas south
E{s|i[G|nir|M[RIA|FiDIV] ,, sothurst j
B T N E G uit F TIR N I inland sea Queensland
A|S|L|TI/J/O|S|E[P|E|A[R
TIRIAIRIA NO B HIA L T ‘traces Joseph Bonaparte Gulf
HIUINIAIP|YIRIE H/C|S|D_| betchhardt River Bendigo
A|BIDIY|A|BIQIU[E | E|N|R| cesere Treachery Bay
LIL|S[E|A LIE[I|C|HIAIA| goa land
RIA|L|DI|DIN|O}R T\A\T G Ballarat farming
AITIA|N(L|T|T|U[O|S|NIN|
farming second
B\D[1\Glol$lH|slElFiAlt
E|N|G|o-eA [ple [r[ trim)
4. When gold was discovered at___-__»_-__ ,
ee and _____________ many people
came to Australia. 4
2. New _____ _______ had to be found for them when the —_____ _______ ran out.
3. Augustus Gregory led an expedition to look for land suited to __________
in the __.________ of Australia.
on
3. Travelling —______ he found mostly _.______ land.
6. Travelling he found the
7. He was able to confirm the earlier reports that much of north and
central was suitable for
expedition _ 1858
—_ __ ______ ___ of Leichhardt's expedition.
9. Gregory's explorations proved once and for all that Australia's
centre did not contain an —______»___._______.
Ke > penions ~ Ausalan Ero
‘www ricgroup.comau 3 John McDouall Stuart — |
‘One of Scotland's greatest heroes is the King known as Robert
The Bruce. After being defeated in six separate battles by the
English he retreated to a hut in the mountains where he lay on the
floor in despair, He was ready to give up. Lying there he spotted
a tiny grey spider trying to spin its web. As it swung from a rafter
trying to attach the thread, it fell to the floor. Unsteadily it regained
its feet and struggled back up to the rafter. Swinging across, it
‘once again fell to the floor. Once more it got up and crawled up
to the rafter. It repeated these actions until on the seventh try it
succeeded. Robert The Bruce, inspired by the spider’s persistence,
decided he would try again. He gathered together his armies and
on the seventh try defeated the English at the Battle of Bannockburn,
John McDouall Stuart was a Scottish-born explorer who showed astounding persistence and courage with
his attempts to cross Australia through its dry centre from south to north.
His first attempt in 1858 was funded by John Chambers and William Finke, two wealthy landowners. They
already owned farmland to the north of Adelaide near Lake Eyre. They wanted to know if there was
worthwhile farmland further north of Adelaide. When provisions ran low he was forced to return to
Adelaide, So low did his food run that he was forced to eat mice and thistles to survive.
A second attempt in 1859 took him beyond Lake Eyre but was abandoned when food and water ran low.
Stuart wrote,'l am unable to go and search for water, being very ill. I have had no sleep for two nights and
am so weak | am scarcely able to move’.
A third attempt, again funded by Finke and Chambers, to find good land west of Lake Eyre, had to be
abandoned when supplies ran low and one man deserted.
His fourth attempt began in March 1860. On this
expedition he discovered and named the MacDonnell
Ranges (after the South Australian Governor, Sir
Richard MacDonnell). Again, short of water (his
horses travelled almost 200 kilometres and went for
101 hours without it}, he was forced to turn back
after being attacked by Aboriginal people at Attack
Creek in the central Northern Territory. On this
journey he also discovered and named Tennant Creek.
Stuart knew that he had come close to achieving his
goal,
Impressed by his efforts the South Australian
government provided Stuart with $5 000 to organise
a fifth expedition in January I86I. This time he reached
Newcastle Waters,a stream that runs into Lake Woods,
but was forced to turn back writing, 'We are all nearly
naked, the scrub has been so severe on our clothes’.
Later the same year he attempted for a sixth time to
cross the continent. This time he received backing
from Charles Todd, the superintendent of telegraphs
in South Australia. He wanted to build a telegraph
land line from Adelaide through the centre of
Australia to the northern coast.
This time Stuart succeeded again after suffering great hardship. Within ten years a telegraph line had been
laid linking Adelaide to the newly established town of Palmerston (now Darwin).
Stuart's expeditions took great toll of his health. Less than four years after completing his successful
south to north crossing he was dead.
won epoup sonar 7
fons = Australian Bolan —a7\F are
John McDouall Stuart — 2
® Write short answers to the questions below.
1. Where was John McDouall Stuart from? —
2. In which direction did John McDouall Stuart
attempt to cross Australia?
3. Which two wealthy landowners financed some of his expeditions?
4. Why did they do this? 5. Why was Attack Creek so named?
8. What did Todd want to do?
6. Who financed Stuart's fifth expedition? 7. Who financed the sixth expedition?
9. What was the original name of Darwin?
© Write the expedition next to the event.
For example, Expedition 1, Expedition 2
1. funded by Charles Todd Expedition
2. horses travelled 200 kilometres without water Expedition
3. didn't sleep for two nights Expedition
4. the scrub tore at their clothes until they were nearly naked Expedition
5. forced to eat mice and thistles Expedition
6. aman deserted Expedition
® Atlas Work
Complete the following on the map of South Australia
and the Northern Territory:
Label: Adelaide, Finke, Alice Springs, Tennant
Creek and Darwin
Colour: Lake Eyre ~ green, Lake Frome ~ blue, Lake
Gairdner ~ yellow, Lake Torrens ~ red,
Lake Blanche ~ brown and Lake Woods ~
orange
Trace: the waves of the Gulf of Carpentaria in blue
and of the Great Australian Bight in
green
Mark: the route taken by Stuart on his sixth
expedition in red
Outline: South Australia in red and the Northern
Territory in orange. a
Extension
Draw or paint a desert scene, Use only the
colours red, yellow, orange and black.
‘eww iegospsomae 3B
oe
we ia NE a
Burke and Wills — 1
‘The Victorian gold rushes had made that State very prosperous.
‘The Royal Society (a scientific and geographical group) felt it would
be fitting if Victoria took the lead in solving some of the mysteries
of Australia's inland,
Money was raised to fund an expedition whose general aim was to
cross the continent from south to north. Knowing that John
McDouall Stuart was trying to do the same in South Australia,
there was an element of competition to be the first to achieve this.
The main aim, however, was to find out as much as possible about
the nature of inland Australia.
Robert O'Hara Burke, an Irish-born police superintendent, was
put in charge of the well-equipped expedition. (Among the
equipment was a supply of 120 mirrors to give as gifts to any
Aboriginal people they may encounter). Burke seemed a strange
choice as leader. He was known to be emotional, to act on impulse
and had little experience in exploration,
The party set off from Royal Park, Melbourne on 20 August 1860. There were signs of disharmony early
‘on. George Landells, the party's camel expert and second-in-command on the expedition, argued with
Burke. He was in the habit of giving the men and camels rum to ward off the disease scurvy. Burke was
angry because this led to drunkenness among the men. After the argument Burke smashed all the rum
bottles and Landells resigned. With Landells no longer in the party Burke promoted William Wills, a
26-year-old astronomer, to be his second-in-command.
A depot (base where supplies are kept) was established near Menindee, a tiny settlement on the Darling
River, not far from present day Broken Hill, Travelling further north they had established a camp at
Cooper Creek by 20 November. With the hottest part of the year approaching, travelling on was very
risky, Burke was, however, urged to press on by letters from the Royal Society reminding him that
Victoria's honour was in his hands,
About 600 kilometres north of Menindee he established depot LXV and asked four of his party to stay
there and wait while he and three others (Wills, a sailor named Charles Gray and John King, a soldier)
attempted to make a quick run to the Gulf of Carpentaria.
The men left behind were instructed to build a stockade (fort) for the supplies and call it Fort Wills. They
were instructed to wait for three months and then return to Menindee if Burke and his men had not come
back.
With six camets and Billy, Burke's horse, the party set off optimistic of success. During the first few weeks
they came upon several creeks, rivers and waterholes with ample wildlife. As they came nearer the Gulf,
however, the wet season began to take its toll on them. Burke and Wills left the other two men at a camp
about 80 kilometres from the Gulf and struggled on with Billy carrying supplies to last three days. They
succeeded in reaching the Gulf of Carpentaria although the thick mangroves stopped them from actually
reaching the ocean, Only when Wills made some tea from the water of a creek and noticed its salty taste
did they realise they had reached the coast. (Their return trip was hampered first of all by the torrential
rains.)
Reunited with Gray and King supplies ran low. Charles Gray was found stealing flour and Burke reprimanded
him with several ‘slaps on the ear’. Moving to the desert country, Billy was shot and eaten. Charles Gray
was unable to walk and was tied to the back of his camel. The next day he died and the party spent a day
to dig a shallow grave for him.
‘wow slegroup.comau 40
Se salon = Ri
Bi Burke and Wills — 2
This act of respect was to be the difference between life and death for Burke and Wills. Barely able to walk
from lack of food and water they somehow reached Fort Wills at 7.30 p.m. on 21 April 1861 but found it
deserted. Cut into a nearby coolibah tree was the message:
DIG
3FLNW.
APR. 21 1861
Responding to the message of the famous 'Dig Tree’ the explorers dug furiously three feet (about one
metre) to the north-west of the tree, They found supplies of rice, four, oatmeal, sugar and dried meat and
a note from William Brahe, the man left in charge at the stockade. It told them that Brahe had decided to
make the move to Menindee, about 600 kilometres away, that very morning because the men were
showing signs of scurvy. The day spent burying Charles Gray was the difference between them being
reunited with Brahe and the others.
The party rested for two days and Burke decided that their best hope was to follow Cooper Creek until
they reached a police outpost at Mount Hopeless about 240 kilometres away.
When Brahe met up with William Wright and other members of the expedition who had been at Menindee
awaiting further orders they decided to return to Fort Wills. On 8 May they found it apparently
undisturbed. The campfires lit by Burke's party were thought to belong to Aboriginal people, Wright and
Brahe did not notice a broken bottle nearby or some tom clothes that Burke had discarded there. Some
stools that Brahe had left behind were missing but this, too, went unnoticed. Convinced that Burke and
Wills had not been there, they left
Had they dug near the dig tree they would have found notes left by Burke telling of his plan to reach
Mount Hopeless. King had smoothed over the ground where the message had been buried giving their
potential rescuers no clue they had been there.
Burke, Wills and King struggled on. For some time
they were helped by Aboriginal people but when Burke
fired his gun at one who was trying to take an oilcloth
they were abandoned by the Aboriginal people.
Burke and Wills died of starvation. Only King (cared
for by Aboriginal people) survived to give an account
of what had happened. The bodies of the dead
explorers were retrieved by a party led by Alfred
Howitt.
Burke and Wills’ letters were very critical of Brahe's
party at the depot. In one of his letters Wills wrote,
"The depot party having left, contrary to instructions,
has put us in a fix’. Earlier Burke had written, ‘Greatly
disappointed at finding the party have gone’.
Many people blamed Brahe and the support parties
but Brahe had waited at the depot six weeks longer
than he had been requested to.
The story of Burke and Wills reminds us of the great
courage displayed by the early explorers. It also reminds
us that Australia's inland is a harsh, unforgiving place
that can never be taken lightly.
www rlegroup.com.au 41 Burke and. Wills -3
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1. youandt 2. George Landells gave the men and camels rum to
5. Brahe buried supplies 3 feet north-west of the '___* ward off the disease ___
tree 3. past tense of ly’
8. Alfred Howit (initials) 44. this animal was used a lot in desert exploration |
10. the 'dig' tee was a _ wee 6. Burke was bor in___land
14. Landells gave the men and camels _ 7. Burke, Wills, King and Gray left the main group to ty J
16. Robert O'Hara and reach the---_ _ ==
17. myself 9, last name of the man who retrieved the bodies of
18. pixierlike being Burke and Wills
19. at the Gulfthe -__ tasted salty 11. either/__
20. not odd 12, all correct (orl korrekt)
22, how the tea tasted at the Gulf 13. in summer you feel the ____
23. great (abbreviation) 15, Matthew Flinders (initials)
24, female sheep 19. abbreviation for Tasmania
26. depot LXV was given the name ____ Wills 21, north-east (initials)
29. George Landells (initials) 22. south-east (initials)
31. modern roads are covered with this 23, Charles _____was the first of the party to die
32. the camel is known as the____ of the desert 25. a stinging insect
35. Fort Wills was also called _~___ LXV 27. a forts aso called this
37. Royal Marine (initials) 26. the ___ Rivers in the north of Western Australia
39. Charles Sturt (initials) 30. depot _ was known as ‘Fort Wills’
42. father 33. Burke decided to make for a police outpost at Mount
43. John ____was the sole survivor of Burke's party a
that went tothe Gulf 34. not he or she
45. north is this way on a map 36. a chicken comes from one of these ]
47. abuman_ 38. wealthy people would often employ a house _
50. the explorers an ___ to mark trees to cook and clean for them
51, depot LXV was established about 600 kilometres from 40. _the party left Fort Wills with this number of camels
the town of - 41, this was the season when Burke and Will first set up
53, your. show oid you are camp in Cooper Creek &
Be ope 44, Senet tal Is
55. Slumbered 46. theonly______ they saw were the Aboriginal ‘=
56. ante meridian (initials) people who lived there Ss
57, Uluru's also called —___ Rock 47, you put rubbish in this 2
59. Rugby League (initials) 48. north-east (initials) 2
60. Murray River (initials) 49. — _- Landells was the camel expert I
61. Charles Gray (initials) 52. the macadamia is an Australian ___ z
63. Burke's horse 53. gorilla is one
64. week (abbreviation) 58. a__ of sunshine =
65. William _____ was left in charge at Depot LXV 62. William Wills (initials) 2
3.
wow rigroup coma © Use the code to fill in place names on the map.
® Trace over the following:
Darling River — blue eo 2s 6
Murray River — red
Burke and Wills’ northward trip — green
Burke and Wills’ southward trip — orange
the waves in the Gulf Carpentaria — blue
Trace around the coastline in green.
‘www tiegroup.com.aur
43
Burke and Wills — 4
® The two crosses show approximately where Burke and Wills' bodies were found. Highlight the crosses.
is just to the north of Mount Hopeless. Colour it grey.
6 2 8 4 5
we Publications — Australian Expiorar ‘The Aboriginal People
ge |
Matching Words
1 Torres Strait
2, Indonesia
3. polar icecaps
4 kceAge
5. land bridge
ase 2
Short Ansners
I. leeAge
2. upto 180 metres
3. Papua New Guinea and Tasmania
4 Indonesia Java and Sulawes})
5. canoes and rafts
6 Tores Strait
T. Bass Strat
Stee Ansrers
8. The Aboriginal peopl were separated from
contact with other civilisations.
‘The Mystery of The Great South Land
reves
Store Answers
I anclent Greks
2 the weather became warmer
& the sun
44 umbrelas to sheker from the sun
5. trepang Aehermen
6. Macsar
7, sea slugs, bechede-mey, sea cucumbers
a
soup
9. Dutch East India Company
10. empires
‘Alphabetical order
ancient, Asa, century, continent, empire,
‘equator, fable, imperil inhabit umbrella
‘The Dutch Spice Traders
age 6
Short Answers
1. a group of islands
2. Indonesia
spices
z
4, Dutch East Indies
5. trating in spices
&. Cape of Good Hope
7. became becalmed in the Indian Ocean
8. "Roaring Forties
9. north
Matching Words
parallel of latitude + line that runs east,
west
meridian of longitude «line that runs north,
south
preserve + t0 keep from decaying
equator + Imaginary line around
Earth’ centre
region + part of the Earth's
surface
Dirk Hartog
1
2, Holland
3. Australias west coast
44, Eendracke
5. Camarvon, Kalbart
6. itis a barren placefhe was more interested
in trading
an inscribed pewter pate
tin and lead
Batavia/ Jakarta
Word Meanings
|. prof
wow siegroup.com.at
———
Answers
Note: Research and writing activities have not been included in all answers as they mainly require a teacher check.
2, route
3. barren
4. inscription
Sentence Onder
4-2-5-3-1
Abel Tasman
page 10
‘Short Ansvers
1. Anthony Van Diemen
2, Great South Land
3. Zeehaen and Heemskerck
4 flute
5, south coast
6, tocholds
7. scury
8. Pieter Jacobse
9. Van Diemen's Land
10, tr was nota place that could make them
richer by trading
Alphabetical Onder
1. Herik Brouwer,
Pieter Jacobsz,
‘Anthony Van Diemeny
‘Rasearch/ Writing
Thylacine cynocephalus Tasmanlan Tiger
COrnithortynchus anatinus — platypus
‘Atrax robustus ~ funnel-web spider
Sarcophlus harisi — Tasmanian Devil
Dromalus novaehollandie — emu
William Dampier
page 12
Ditk Hartog,
Abel Tasman,
‘Short Answers
‘Spanish Armada
a flet of ships
her navy
Brish East Inala Company
piracy
Gane
7. barnaces and weeds
careening
‘wrote 2 book about It
10, Roebuck
Use the Working Space
Teacher check
Sl Words
Teacher check
Urjumble Sentences
1. Dampier had his ship careened on Australia's
Westcoast
2, His book made people in England interested
In the Great South Land,
SEN RANE
esearch
cygnet_ ~ baby sman
posling — baby goose
fingerling ~ baby fish
foal — baby horse
James Cook
ar -
page 15-16
Asorthns
1, dromedary
2. Bateman
3 stingray
4 Botany
5. Byron
Jackson
7. York
8 stephens
Moreton
19, Morton
|. Cooktown
Exploration in Early Sydney
pase 18
‘Short Answers
1 eleven :
2. Captain Arthur Philip
3. American War of Independence
4. it wouldn't have to rely on supply ships
from England. é
water supply; good soll for crops, good
srazing land
too sandy
Rosehill (Parramatta)
Hawkesbury, Nepean
Watkin Tench
leat Sentences
Botany Bay
‘penal colony
Sydney Cove
(Captain Tench/ Nepean River
Phllip/Hawkesbury/Broken Bay
farmland! dependent/ ship
PM RMR geese
Bass and Flinders
page 20
ong Answers
1. ..Nas called Tom Thumb,
2. they mapped and explored the reglons
around Woallongong.
3. ..astrat of water separated Van Diemen's
tind from the mainland,
4. che was arested for smugeing and
bene the rest of his fe asa prisoner in
a South American siver mine
[Nane the Fellonng
|. George's, Shosthaven
2, Botony, Two, Westernport
3. rowing boat, whaleboat, ship
Word Meanings
promontory
2. commisioned
3. christened
4. smuggling
5. relying
6 charted
7. ball ;
Matthew Flinders
age 22
‘Short Answers
|. Ivesisator
2. mapping and exploring Austral's
coastline
3. scientists and artists
4. King George Sound
5. the marines
& sheer clifs
T. eight men drowned when ship
coverturned
8, Sweers Island
dysentery
10, Australa was not divided into two large
Islands
5 pean ~ Alan Baa
Re In Your Own Words
Teacher check
1
2, muskets
3. seal
4. repair
5. Inestgator
6. gulf
7. observing
8. renowned
9. stomach
3991
309
o73
7489
3802
m2
Victoria
Victoria
WA
Tasmania
Victoria
Tasmania
Flinders
Dampier
Zechan
Endeavor Hills
Cygnet
Phillip Parker King
age 24
Short Anse
1. Matthew Finders
2 they thought France may calm part of
3 Mermald Barurst
4. ht winds Blew seavard fom the and
5. Forres, Pentecost, Durack, King, Ord
& Lite Arye
T. to ge dof the nats and cockroaches
8, Rottnest land to North West Cape
Maping
“Teacher check
pave 25,
Improvements
@) rope + batt
sundial + dock
well + plumbing
horse and cart = car
diigible + aeroplane
(6) shyrocket + spaceship
abacus + caiuator
typemtiter + word processor
burtons + zipper
bicycle + motor bike
(0 papryus + paper
milkmaid + lng machine
diving bell + submarine
steps + esator
Babbage's analytical engine + computer
(icebox + refridgerator
Phonograph + CD player
soythe + combine harvester
iron + see
wings + hang glider
(comics + animation
aul + ballpoint pen
lep-ap + trousers
candle + light bulb
gourd + bottle
(B vashboard + washing machine
trunk + suitcase
Backboard slate work pad
magnifier + microscope
duty policeman + tafe light
(6) Bow Street runners + police
aeolple + steam engine
saling ship, + cruse ler
scribe + printing press
polymer + nylon
Crossing the Blue Mountains
page 27
Short Ansvers
IL to prow crops so the colony could be
sefsuficient In food
‘wow siegroup.coma
Answers
Blue Mountains
devil's wilderness
ravers
many animals died because of lack of good
srazing land
rers
stayed up high following the ridges
land covered with good grass
large grants of land
10, Wiliam Cox
Mapping
"Teacher check
Graded Order
1. anthil lock, hi, mountain, mountain
range
2. potplant, garden farmlet, sheep station
Snootest to Roughest
Teacher check
meee
John Oxley
age 29
Store Anes
1 that Australia had an ample supply of good
lind
2 ariver
5, to follow Lachlan River to its end
4 swamps lagoons, marshes filed with reeds
5 an Inland sea oF lake
Fall Seances
“Teacher check
Sort
ter ~ platypus Murray cod European carp,
able redin
‘Ocean = whe shark seahorse tepangy
sunfish
Use on els
“Teacher check
Charles Sturt
page 31
Short Answers
I, to swampy inland sea
2. to follow the MacQuarie River to its end
3. a series of linked waterholes
4. Darling River
5. its water was salty
&. collapsible whaleboat
7. Murrumbidgee River
8 Wentworth
Lake Alexandrina
10. the Coorong
‘Map of New South Wales
"Teacher check
Eyre and Wylie
age 33
‘Short Answers
{. took cattle overland and sold them to
farmers and butchers
2, Sturt
3, a suitable route ca drive cattle overtand from
‘Adelaide to Albany
4. dry salt beds ofthe inland lakes
5, follow the great Australian Bight
&. Baxter Joey Yarry and Wyle
. used sponges to collect early morning dew
from plants
8, killed by Joey and Yarry
9. Captain Rossiter and the crew of the
Msp
10. no worthwhile land In ths region
Nocemokng
oun ~ I verbs ~ 8, other ~ 12
Mapping
“Teacher check
45
age 35
Short Answers
1. Germany
2, wandered the countryside studying plant
Ife n northern NSW
3. explore central north of Queensland and
continue to Port Essington
4. Leichhard's enthuslasm for studying local
plant and animal lf delayed them
5, cupful of emu fat
6 killed by spear to the neck
7. gave them up for dead because they were
8
98
10.
Dictionary Defintions
'
2,
3
Mapping
Complete te Sentences
eNom AES
Short Answers
PNeP ape
2
wanted to know if there was worthwhile
7
Ludwig Leichardt
50 far behind schedule
cross Australia from east to west
heavy ran sickness
never seen again
‘optimism ~ postive disposition
despair ~ loss of hope
mule offspring ofa mae donkey and
female horse
Teacher check }
Augustus Gregory
page 37
Bathurst, Bendigo, Ballarat
land, go
farming, north
“Treachery Bay, Joseph Bonaparte Gulf
south, desert
east, Leichhardt River
‘Queensland, farming
second in, traces
Inland sea
Jofin McDouall Stuart
page 39
Scotland
south to north
Finke and Chambers
farmland
they were attacked by Aboriginal people
South Australian goverment
Charles Todd
bulld telegraph land ne from Adelaide to
the north coast
Palmerston,
Eipedions
Teacher check
6
4
2
5
1
3
las Work j
“Teacher check
Burke and Wills
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