LESSON Leseod 1 Lesson 2 Lesson 3 Lesson 4 Lesson 5 6 Lesson 7 Lesson. 8 Lesson 9 Lesson 10 Lesson 11 Lesson 12 Appendix 1 Appendix 2 COMPACT couRSE ‘TABLE OF CONTENTS Simple questions and answers Takai desu ka Greetings and common expressi Watashi wa FIRIPININ desu Sentence contruct ion Useful expressions and dialogs teu, kura, sure Study of the verbs "go! Days of the week, "Moc! "come" and "do" 6 "Mada © kudesai,"x" © doozo Pactera study Desu, deshite, ja nai, ja naketta Study of is, was, is not, was not Use expressions Kore, sore, sre & Koko, soko, asoko Study of "this, that, which “here, there, wher Greeting and daily conversation Verbs with "KRU © "IRD" ending Conjugation of "ERU" § "IU" verbs Sentence construct ion MASHOO and MASHOO KA Patcern study Greetings and practical conversation GA ABU & "Y" GA TRU Patera for existence Pattern for possession Numerals Numerals, time, day, month Usage of the nunorale ‘TH KUDASAT, NAT DE KUDASAT, TH IMASU Pattern study "Su" verbs and conjugation Adjectives NA adjectives Pure adjectives(t adjectives) KATAKANA & HIRAGANA Glossary of adjectives PAGE u 2 13 % 15 16 7 18 19 20 25 26 i k fani elder brother ane Fae rain me vy station aie kere he kore dire who ‘sore Bosca how much ci Seabyaku three hundred | nihyako Hngicsn March nigatan Enajo she xaishe aTeorsu luggase osomas elder sister eat candy woke up Liquor rest this understand chet run swoney inviee wo hundred swim February pay company nsdsu repair Japanese haiigeu talk | Language Seotonee sere] > Seatence structure] > Kurume wa-tekai desu. car 1 expensive,is "ua" ia a helping word used to de "Be" verb which is equivalent co B. 132, yesui desu. Subscitute the underlined words in the above below and practice conversation. pact a wok oi ‘The car is expensive. (Ang kotse ay wabal.) snote the subject and “desu” is a "an", "is", "are". in English It is expensive. (Mahal) (label ba?) (00, mahal) Is it expensive? Yes, it is expensive. Ts it expensive? (ahal ba?) No, it is cheap. (Bindi, mura) sentence vith those chosen from atau, (how) sad (cold) | nizdi wide) | seaiti (narrow) kutsi Goleck) | shitdi (white) | agai (long) | mijikei (shore) ook (ig) chided (emai) | takai (igh) | nskui Clow) | ai (many), | euizndi (Ze) | oo? (heavy) | Rerol (Light) beashivG __interee Tat pe Wa? & fitiustrative sentences| (Jepanized foreign words are printed in capital letters.) 1. RyBo wa afsdi desu. MANIRA wa af@li deou, 2 3. Afeui desu. 4: Kobo hey wa niFdi desu. 5 + Soad wise Wa chifsdi desu. 6. KOFE Wi OKT: SOTERU desu. 1. YiMADE-Gan Be SUKRATO wa nagai desu. 8. Wataehi no SUKAATO wa aijfk#i desu 9. Kare no pimoteu wa omdi desu. 10. Watashi i desu. U1. REBERU wa cokdi desu ka.7 . 12. Bi, hontoo ai taki desu. imotsu va k: o It is hot coday. Tt is hot in Manila It is hoc./ I feel hot. This room is spacious. That store is smell. This is a big hotel Mise. Yanada's skirt is long. My skire is shore Bis luggege is heavy. My luggage is Lighe Is the level high? Yes, it's really high.cet 4. uneyoo. ova norning. (intorwaty 3. KORTE W. Good afternoon, Good day, Hello! a Good evening. 5. Good night. s Good bye. (TLL ve mest again.) 7. suaimasén. Excuse me./L am sorry./ Sorry sto trouble you. | 8. Arigatoo, Arigatoo gozainesu (Fornaf) Thenk you i 9. Ife, ao itashimashite. You are welcome. 10. kochiva €, adoro. This vey, please. 11, BBoz0, o-saki ai. After you, please,/Please go ahead. 12, Shitsivei shimasu. Please excuse me-(Beg leave) L Response drills: i 1). XA wan, iat 2. ohayoo goeainsau. ohayoe gozaimaau. ghey ts Re calyany 3. Komment wa. +. xonmichi va. ' | 4. Soai'an wa. Konban wa. i 5. O-genki desu ka. ii, genki desu. i (ow are you?) (rine, thank you) i 6. Oyasusinasai. OFasuminesai. | 7. sayonars. Sayonara. ‘ w a. suitiirei shinasu.(xcuse ae.) Bozo (Please) I ~ Conjugation in MASU form and PLAIN form i Tat Tegatie esis EF | te fitzu | vakarinasu vokarindshica wakarimasén wakarinasdn dechita wap pea vakaee wokdtea wekardnai wékardnaketta | Dialog practice: (Notes: (1) In formel occasion, always use “MASU” form for polite speech.) | (2) Paai™ ond "Tie" weans “Right” and "Wrong" I LA. waiatindsu ka 7 Do (you) underscand? 2. B. Hi, weltrTassu, Right, (1) understand. 3. A. Wakeriwasu ka¥ Do (you) understand? 4k maaéa Weong (1) do not understand. I 5. A. Wakarimasen ko. Bo (you) not understand? : t i 6. 8. Wai, wolarimasen. Righe, (1) do not underscand. 7. A. wakaeindsnica ko. Dig (you) undecstand? i 8. B. Hai,moc’ wakorim@shite. Right, (1) have already understood. 9. As Wokarim@shica ka.7 : Did (you) undeestand? 10. B, 1i8,ambde' wakarTaaden, Wrong, (1) do not understand yet. Wi, A. Wakarims'shita kay Did (you) understand? 12. B. Wie, wetarinaedn deshica, Wrong, (1) did not undeestand I 1, A. Wekarfaasen deshita kay Did (you) noe understand? V4, B. Wai, waiarimasen desbits Right, (I) did not understand. 15. A. Woktortmaada deshite ka.7 Did (you) not understand? | 16. 8. 16) io wakarindsnice Wrong, (1) have already understood. or k1. wateshi wa Firipinjin desu. 11, TANAKA Gan we Fifipinjin je sai desu. TANGER san Wa FiFEpinjin dews aFimsedn. Tam a Filipino. Mr. Tanaka is nor @ Filipino. (Sane aeaning but more formal.) Reraonal pronouns: 1 Watashi (wa) We Watashitachi (wa) You atate (ua) You Azatagaea Wa) He KGre (wa) ‘They Farera (wa) - 1's « 4 0 She BEnojo (wa) They Hnojotachi (wa) Vocabulary Woune Wihonjin Japanese Firipiojin Filipino Aierieajin American ChuigORTjin Chinese gekase! student sensei teacher ahs doctor Koigeu nurse saiFisuro —eypise sedRVSTMAN salesman kalba company employee ceirin clerk (ioun adjectives) nigiyaka Hively re preety shinsetsu kind kinben diligent shoojikt honest enki healchy byookt sick kenenochi rich Dinboo poor snizome fortunate Peres piviful Tiluseretive sentences} 1. watagbi wa xa ishain desu. Watashitachi wa kaishain desu. Rare va cenmiw desu. Kanojo va kangofu desu Wettehi wa idha Je Si desu. Ketera wa shiawase desu. Rnojo va Kikei desu Renoio we TATPTSUTO desu, oT Konokars wa wihonjin desu. 10, Seas@i we Nihonjin desu. Tam 0 conpany employee. We are conpany employees. He is a clerk She is 2 aurse. 1 am not 2 doctor. They are foreunate She is preety. She is typist. This person is a Japanese The teacher is 2 Japanese. Usage drill: (Replace the underlined words in the sentences below with the ‘appropriate words chosen from Che yords in the pareochesis.) Kod She wa Shinsetsu desu. Som THREW Fninsetau ja Tdi desu. GoAiFEs000, eek) (gokusel, bandon), KoTe Wa NoMRBNS desu Sore wa hoamoad ja #1 desu (Jodba - durable) (seikake correct) Tie doctor is kind. Thar doctor is not kind. (tenmin, This is 2 genuine one. Tost is noc @ genuine one. (celtiteo ~ suicable) (Bnei ~ convenient) (Giri = unreasonable) (taisetsu ~ important) @) , shodyiRT) CkoTomo/ehind, gery May ne nme we ganunes ae: 3. Wii, geiuset @ou. (siica wa mhoagEa desu kat B. IfG, Nikonjin ja adi desu. (UZ, Nitionjin dewa arimastn.) (2) 8, YaSRDRwai wa Dano desu ka.7 2. Hi, leno desu. 3. Hi, wo desu. B. IGG, Afsho ja Adi deou. 3B. Tie, so ja adi desu. Q) 8. Dafjoobu desu ka.7 B. Hai, daTjoobu desu. ay Ti desu ka? 2 (4) A. Daijobbu desu ne. B. S80 desu ne- B. $00 desu kay “Useful expressions 1. xifte kudasai. 2. Shizuka ni shite kudasai. 3. Tete kudaadi. 4, Mod fehide icte kudasai. 5. Ba o siete nudaesi. 6. ion o ice kudasai, 7, YGnde kudasai. 8. widisana, KonslehT we. 9. Watashi wa YAMADA desu, 10. Yoroshilea o-tegai shinasy. Right. (I) om a student. Ace you a Japenese? Wrong, (1) am not 2 Japanese. (Format) Ie Miss Yanada a secretary? Right. (she) is a secretary. That's right Wrong: (She) is not 2 secretary. Wrong, (She) is not that. Ts it alright? /*4ey Yes, It is alright. Ts it good? Yes, it sure is good. Te is all right, isn't ie? (think 50.) Is that 80? Flease Listen. Please be quiet Please say it Please say it again. Please open your book Please 100k at your‘ book Please read it. Good sfternoon, Ladies and gent lesan. I beg for your favor. Mindsama. Koaban wi UaZaabT wa SANTOSU MARIO desu. Han wisergo 6 bedkyoo a Yoroshiku o-negai shimasu. Avigato gbeataashita Good evening. Ladies and gentlemen. T an Mario Sentos. Tam at present studying Nihongo. (i hope to receive your kind consideration.) 1 thank you. ‘A. BushGs. Go-shookal ehimasu. Be wifretaes Kochixd @i MENDEZ san desu. Hajinenashite, ozo yorshika. C. YAIRDAd@su. KochTra Kobo, (én yoroshiku o~negai shindsu. ‘A. (Department head, I will do the incroduet ion.) This is Mr. Mende B. How do you do? S2C. Wy name is Yamada, I'm glad to eet you. «@)Werb & | Present & Present & : Meaning | Future aa Future aerate ie sitee idimdshite | ikimases iEieasen deabite (go) (go, will go (went), (do not gos (did not go) itn not go) penta) | Cpumpenea) | (pumsnead Ghinet panes) | (nina pumined Ghingi ‘popanea) | ira kinase kimdshica kisasen kimasén deshita (come) (come,will come) | (came (do not come, } will not come) (did not come) parico) | 2) (Please give me a Litcle soney.) (Please give oe evo.) (Give it co me please.)7 onake ‘Liquor 8. erny ver ¥. MOM gota 10. iaexy with 1, eat sugar 12, fos jules 13. MaTCHT mateh 14. TABRRS cigarette 15. RAITAA Lighter 6. PEN pen 17. kant paper 18. SANPURD sample 19. KATAIGED catalog "20. suRBIwUHU schedule. 21. ceiTahyoS price List bo. kip ticker 23, yooh = fora 24. mele celling cart (1) Use the Ho kadooi ood request for soasthing Listed above, (2) Use the, 0 doozy and offer to give Sonething Listed above. (3) Bx. SUUBD wa ateut desu, The coup ie hot. Fick froa the vocebulary the eppropriate word, add the helping word Noo" co'make ie the eubfect and note a sencence to sa) that fe fas 1. stati (hoe) 2. olebii (delicious) 3. midi (distasteful) 4. esumeeai (cold) 5. 78i_Cgo08) 6. waTis (oad, sour) 7. atarashti (new) 8, furdi (old) 9, dame (no good) Ih, ads (free) 10, Kiret (pretey) [Biateg practice] Bas (1) A. Keg? o kudasai B. Hai, Gozo A, Beomo. (2) A. QBakeG Adoz0. |. ATTgetoo. tie’, ddoz0, dooz0. B. Ieadakinasu, “4 ; ke (3) A. KOGHTI 0 dZoz0. 8. 136, #kkoo desu: AL ATSIRURTINA wa tiga desu ka. B. Bei, sukoshi icadakimasu. Tlustrative sentences] ‘Tegani © kudssdi Benji 6 kadadi Watashi ni kudasai. Bike ni agete kudasai TANAKA Gan ai ogece kudasai. Wnojo ni o-alyage 6 agete kudssal. o-satoo o kudasai. 0- setoo o etre kudesai. Atarashii SUKEJUURU,o kudasai. Kippo 6 ala kudaaat. Dijecis ts oe} 4 i 12. minted Cugiy) Please give me the key. Yes, here you are. Thanks. Please have some Liquor Thank you. Not at all. Please go ahead (T'11 receive). Thank you. Please have some coffee No, thenk you. How about sone ice cresa? Yee, I'd like to have 2 Little. Please write to me. Please give me a reply. Plesse give it to me. Please give it to hin. Plesse give it to Mr. Tenake. Please give her 2 present, (souver Please give me sugar. (to weiter) Pleese pass the sugar to me Please give ne 2 nev schedule. Please give ne fvo tickets.LESSON 5. DESU, DESHITA, JA Vocabulary (Accent study) MAI, JA NAKATTA (is ie coday?) Conjugation of the verb DESt A. Kydo desu ka ‘Tne now iid yesterday tabere to eat iye0 today | sdhita tomorrow ai to see yoku often | cokidokd sometimes to close fesu when | kondgore recently to open ‘Tesumo always usually to sleep ‘aban conight jast sight hajimera co begin Dailog practice ‘ A. Bydo desu kor (ie it today?) B.A, Keyeo desu. (Yes. It's today.) B, Ue, asbied desu. (wo. Te's tomorrow.) aa ae ] Sentence structure) 1, TATRA Gan wa i5ha desu. 2. TARAEK Gan wa iho doshica. 3. TARA son wa (dhe ja Adi desu. ‘TAWAC San wa iGha déva aFTaasdn. KA san ve dha ja Wakatea desu. TANAKA cen we tobe dewe used vhen asking 8 question. add "Ka" to the sentence without 1. TANAKA GET We (Ea desy ka. = HGi, isha desu. 4. TARA ean ~ Hii, To deow. ~ tie, {3he je adi desu, = HE, Ho ja MA desu. 2, ANAK fan Ga iba ja Ei desu ka.7 deev. ~ Hi, isha ja Hai, seo jo nat desu. = i8, NF desu. Me. Tanaka i¢ a doctor. Me. Tanaka was 2 doctor. Mr. Tanake ie noe 2 doctor. (or forms] speech) Mr. Tanaka was aoc # doctor. “imagen deahita, (For forest] speech) To make @ sentence into @ question, simply ‘any change. Ie Me, Tanaka a doctor? Yes, (He) is 4 doctor. Yes, (He) is. Wo. (He) it not a doctor No. (ie) isa Isn't Mr. Tenake 2 docter? (eighe). Ge) & (Right). le) isn't (Wrong). (We) is 4 doctor. not # doctor [Usage practice] - Anewer the question in four ways, two affirmative end evo negative. 1, nddee we RIRTPRAIN desu ka.7 ~ Hai, FIRIPIASIN desu. ~ Bai, io desu. 2. AfOhito wa shifdinin desu ka./ 3. YANADA "Gan wa shachoo desu ka. 4, SoFeWa oats Tou ke. 7 5. TAKAHASHI san wa kirei desu ko.7 (are you a Pilipino?) - UB, FIREPRUI ja 1G, Ho j dese. Bi deow. Ie that person the manager? 1s Me. Yamada the company Is chat true? Is Miss Tekehaehi precty? poDeage drill (Replace che underlined words in che sentence with che appropriate words chosen frow those in che parenthesis to make different eentences.) (1) Kinojo wa hisho deshite, She was @ secretary. (re ~ he) (vAHADA Ban - Mr. Yamada) (Wetashitachi - we) (rein ~ clerk) (2) Rinoje vs celia ja Aakatts desu. (kangdfu ~ aurse) Useful expressions |. ToSSBe Yukai deshits. 2. Kiso we, avnfmascn deshita 3. Kindo wa stigatoo gozaimdshica. 4. Boome sumiaasen. 5. Kore We, shitaurei: shimasu. / 6. De way sata aR. 1. gap Tanda Mata olde udyesi. Doozo o~wsku ni shite kudasai- 10. Ki 6 tsukete kudasai. Vie KL AE ans de wana 12." Bbozo ys Shite ‘kidesai. Js WAT and Ja whore Kore We KATIROGU desu ko.* 1i@, KeqAWOGU ja ai desu. Wie’, xaTRiOGU Ja pdkute SUKEESURU desu. Whereas (GreRU no uiletsaRegake (gsickoo nd Bendel, - school teacher) She uss not a clerk. = hotel receptionsit) Te w very e njoyable occassion. (for something that happened yesterday) : (1 eheak you for a Favor slready received) 1 am sorry. Tofermal for "thank yoo" (le means also "I'm sorey C9 cause you Crouble".) T sholi be going now. (Beg lesve) T'DL see you tomorrow. Please cone again. i Please cone again.(gore forwel) Please mske yourself at home. Plesee take care. Flesse don't wind ir. Please cake it easy. Ie this 2 catalog? L No, it's not a cotelog. io, it's aot a catalog but a schedule. lecu" is the polite fore used in forms] epeech, attention should also be called co the plain form which is used on informal speech. i Gnojo va Teno desi. Kinojo wa lisho deshita. Rinojo wa Riche ja 34 desu. KGnojo wa Hisho ja aaketta desu. Greetings and prsecical conversation at afrport PASTPOOIO © 2. FIRLPIN kerd Lisshica: 3. Kenkoa BISA deae. 4. Youu iFanahaindshica, 5. YOokoso itagshalwashica. 6. 0 7 8 9 0. cay oT aaa eres be exu8 40 sanoliée dest ‘YsHRDN dieu. Yoroshiku- . TRKUSAIT de ikimashoo ka. Todi desu kal ChiFAi desu kar 1, ihoaga"ga hasesendon kez 12, Suigdehi havazensou.” Hnojo va Risho és. ‘Binojo va Hfsho detea. anojo va hisho: ja ai. ‘Fano jo wa hisho ja nokatea Pleate ahov ae your passport f 1 cane fron the Philippines Te is a cousist visa. Weleone. = df ged yf wetcone, Chat feet) You must be tired. 1 am Salonga, the cour guide. T an Yanada, How do you do? Shall we go by taxi? i 1s it fat or near? Can you speak Japanese? 1 can speak a little.I i ) LESSON 6 KORE, SORE, ARE OKO, "SOKO, ASOKO KORE (ito) (this) and KOKO (dito) (ehis place) [iors Gees this Cae) neve | sore Gyeo) that (aiyan) there aw Ciyen) chat aon) dore (alin) which (saan) 1. Ko¥e Wa KATARDGO désu. is (4 the) catalog.” 2.) Ing Kihongo sentence, the subject is usually placed shead of the predicace with the verb coming at the very end. b.) "WAM is che helping word” co denote the subject 2. SoFe WF REPODIO desu. ‘Ther is (a, the) repore. 3. arews sUKESUURD desu, ‘That over there is (a, the) schedule 4. Roe Wa win desu ke-7 What is rhis? cc.) The construction sequence OF a Nihongo question is the same as chat of a sentence. "Mani" moone "whot" and is pronounced as "NAN" when Followed by @ "A" sound. When "KA" i¢ edded co a sentence, it becones 2 question. 3. (Sore Ga) KATHROGT Gee. ‘Tae is the catalogue. 6. Bore ge SURBUURU desu ko.7 Which is the schedule? 4.) "GA" ie 9 helping vord used £0 denote the eubject thar ie unknown. 7. ave @su. (AF Ba SUIVURU desu.) That is che one. (That's the schedule.) 8. Kole wa galkoo Teen. ‘Tis (place) is che school. (Dito ay ae ‘eskuelahan.) 9. SoKS wa jiGieho desu. Tat (place) is che office. (Diyen ay it office.) 10. Asoka We TIRE desu. That (place) is the toilet. . (Doon ay _ toilet.) 11. TORE va Bro desu ka: 7 Where is the collec? i 12, Asdke dew. e's cher i The use of "NO" (15), KONO, SOK, AND, GINO 1 TANARA”saa ao kuruna’ wa S¢areeuti su. The car of Hr. Tanaka is new. Mr. Tanaka's car / new / is 2. Galtkoo no TOIRE wa rei desu. Te toilet in che school is clesa. @OUaERT BS ofGosan no da desu. This is the book of the father of ay friend. 4. Watashi ve yuude Nihon no cigs o wiaashics. 1 watched 2 Ja joese sovie last 1 “/tase night /Sepanese novie/wacched/ night i ors ieojehis) koe eT tong korse, ehis ear) sore (iyan, that) sono kuruRs (iyang kotee, that car) are (iyon,thae) ano kuruma Giyong kotse, that car) re Gelingwbich) Bao Kaas ating korse, which car) (ako, 1) watasbl no kurums (aking kotse, my cor) (ikaw,you) angts no kuroma (kotse mo, your cer) (eiyane) —Eikte no kufums ——(anyang kote, hie car) (siya,she) Fanojo ao kur (kanyang kotse, her car)Hiuserative sentences| Kore We youd desu. 12 3. we 8. 6. W 18. 9. 20. Sore ae yaSili desu. Ate wa caidi desu Dire ga Ti desu ka. Kono PEN we stai soae FEN 20 ano FEN ua furdi desu. Dono PEN gs atarashii desu ka” Kore wa wataaht no Base 4 Kote wa sndts no késa ja Bai dev, ATE GE aF¥ce no taond desu, Kinojo no Fisa wa atapachli desu. Watadhi no (eons) we FUCK deny. Kore'wa Gore no ida deav ke.7 Tdi dew. Koro Wan ve onal Sofd Fda va csusardnai-deou. Dono én ga J3i desu ka.7 Koadhito wa shifidioin decu Bonatssame desu ka. 7 Bice go shindenica ka.+ Greeting and daily conversation (Blin desu ka) This ie cheap. ‘Taat is cheap too. ‘Tat one (over there) is expensive. nich is good? This pen is new, Thet PEN is new too. That PBN (over there) is olds Woich PEN is nev. This is my uebrella. This is act your umbrella. ‘That one (over there) is yours. Her usbretia is new. Mine is old. Woose book is this? ‘This book ie interesting. ‘That book is nonvense- Wich book is good? ‘This person Ie che manager. May I ack your nam? ho aia ie? Woat is your nane? (2) Nanae weane “name” and vhen the honorific prefix "0" is added, it faegns "your name". De RA KURUZU desu. He's De La Crue. vuere is your residence? Ofna wa Tobira desu ke.7 Cy achive” ia the honorific word for "doko" (wnere). winiteA so TATUTD BERT desu. (anata wa) doko mi Sunde imasu ka. 7 MANTRA no ‘TAFGTO fidoRt ni sunde imasu. O-Gehi wa Galiod Kere foi desu ka? ik, chitai desu. O-Genki desu ka. 7 Hi, génut aesu. Wi, ofagenena de Genki desu. Ferro Were kudacai. oF DE RA KURUZU to odihiadsu- @-Wa San co osshatnasu ka.7 he oieva ioage de adn co ima ka. ) Keistnki co iimabu. «ay It's Tafe Avenue in Manila. here do you live? I Live in Toft Avenue, Manila. 1s yout house far from che school? No, 12's near. How are you? Very well, thank you. (the same weaning as above but more police.) Please wait for a while. May T have your name? My nave is De Le Crus. Wat do you_cali chis in Nihongo? re'e called "eateulai i | I { |RU and IRU verbo usssos 7 Conjugate the verbs with ending of ERY and IRU into the "MASU" forms for police speech by removing the Lest KANA "RU" and add "HASU", then proceed co the past tense and negative form as follows: Affirnetive Negative Meaning | Plain fresaat ae Freveae ae oe Future A Future. Ht oat tabdru | cabamteu tabeaasca cabeaastn deshive open | afer | aka aizeaadn — Zzmivdh deshita watch aire ainase wmimase ail deshita exist i imdeu imaeen ‘agen deshita The uruel order of @ Nihonge sentence fs: a dies | Subject time lace» ojece ver) ffouex Wetaanl we voabe —REsuTORA de saiDTa? —o—tabtadshica. 1 “yrase-ighe/ in che resceurant/ sashiot 7 ae (1 ate sashimi in che restaurant last night.) Usages of helping words: ‘iNT = DET NE" = on to denote to denoce to denote to denote the subject. the place of aecion, the time and location. the object. Illustrative sentences: Kolom wa pichi ofdshi @ tebeadau. child feveryday /sweets J eat wataahl wa 1 1 WoEaohT wa yuube Faji of inenshice. (nev ~ sleep/nediisu, ueadshica, Tenis rast Hea kudinoao o abe norning/frujce/ ate night at 9:00/slept (1 wenc to bed at nine Last night.) "You (The child eats sveets everyday.) hita. CT ate fruite this norning.) nemasén, oeitdedn deshicé) (aflita va ) Késa Winji ni offm@shita kay Cokiru ~ wake up/okimasu, ofimdshice [this sorning/vhat tine/voke up okinasea, okfeasta deshita ) (Wat time did you get out of bed thie eorning?) RORJi ai od iebita. (1 got up at six.) Six o'clock/woke up. ow.) Yes, (1) often watch. (is Mr, Tanaka in?) (Wo, be i noe in.) (@ stayed at howe yesterday.) Gru ~ exist/ infgu, indebica, imaseb, imasea deshice ‘Kare wa nido o ckemdshica. (He bas opened the ‘Kare va DOA 0 akemaida deshita. (He has not opeaéd the deor.) (Anata wa) TEREBI o mitasu ka. (Do you watch television?) “Hai, ydku mimasu. ‘Tanaka san Wa idasu ka./ “Hi, imisu.. (ves, he is.) 132, imazen. Matadil wa kinoo uchi ai imdshira. erate ee osUsage drill: Substitute the underlined word in che sentence with those provided below and practice reading the sentence aloud. 1. Woden va Biiniont FAN o cabendeu. (1 eat bread everyday.) (vegetable) kadfwono (fruits) sskana (fish) (neat) eaiigo Cons) ciehiCoweets) 11, Bre ve BOko okemishita. (He opened the door.) eo (window) aa (oak) coutsual (package) (eyes) nig? (store) a (gate) TIT. Watsshi wa Kindo whi de TEREST o windshita. = Twatched television in our house yesterday. jimisbo (office) comodachT nd udhi (friend's house) BOTERU ( hotel) ce (station) gakkoo (school) Résuronaw (restaurant) TSNWs Resa wullioo e ‘Findshita, (Mr. Tanaka went to the airport chis ssorning.) Study of verbs and their sentence construction 1. WaGTST wa ku cegael © keliadou. (icky - write) ualladay, kakindshice Tl “jotten/leteee write Kekinasen, Kakinesen deshica 2, walaGhT Wa yuibe tegaals kakinashita. T /lase night/Leteer/wrote 3. Koso WYDUSU o RAI de xikiashita. (kif - near, ack) kikindeu, kikimdshica, this news /radio, over / heard kikiuasen, kikimascn deshita 4. (WadaST Wa) ire oi nawaes kikiasshite, (CD) hia/(his) name J) asked 5. Kiso gelK0oGe coucdachi 0 machiaachita. (@acsu ~ wait) machiadtu, maaih Yesterday/ school, in/friend/ waited aachinasen, 6. HAwAKO san wa déiwa de isha o yobiuachite. (yobs - call) yob shia, Miss Hanako/by phone/ doctor/ called yobinisen, yobinesen deshica 7. Rake wa Whiban gale" noaiadou. (aéms ~ drink) nostiaabu, nowludshica, We / every night/sake/drinks noninasen, noitinases desbita 8. Wa kinao dekakenasén deshita. (deiG¥aT - go out) ackakeaaiu, Mr. Tenaka/yescerday/did not 20 out éekakeadahica, dekckemasen dekakemaaen deshica 9, Betkyoo @ hajimenasheo. (naJimert - begin) hajimenasu, hajimendsbita, Study / let ue begin hajfwenaséa, hajinenasen deshite 10. Watashi Wa Fare ao jUusto o wadurendshira. (uativéru - forget) waliveaiou, Tf bis address / forgot vasifeadshita, vasuremasey, vasurenaaen deshita Hi, NiNGRgSTHO WenkyeS S ceuakendou ka.f (esuzukera - continue) couZikeaisu, Japanese lengusge study/continue? (Will you) tsuzukenwshita, tautikeaaaen, toudikenasen dechita get cited) coukarensou, ishita, couksrenaaia, 12, Kare wa shigote de cauiavendehica. (raukarea He / work, due to/ got tired 13, Roddie Wa kafdan kava ochiashita. (ochiru - fall down) ochindsu, ochimasbita Child / staire, fron/fell dow ochipasda, ochinaséa deshita M4. WatAahT Wa Gsa keisha al ichifiken ofvemdshita. (oLUFERI - be Late) T [cis aoraing/company,co/one hour Late 15. WataBT Wa ilimichi BASU oi ndrimseu. (novi ~ vide) novFEou, norimdshica 1 Jeveryday/bus,in / ride norimasen, noriaasea deahita 16. WeEBEHT Wa yuUbs Knojo ni deswaS kakendshia. (deana'6 kek@tu - make phone call) T Mast night/ her, tofmade phone call i 17. Rok@ kere asoko wade kuruma de nijikan kekarimasa. (kalcaru - need) x Heres fron/there, Cofear, by/two hov/ will take)» : ow “4Lnssox 8 Gramnae Pactern No To express verb into KASHOO. Gramear Potten No. 4 "MASHOD KA" 3. "Masog" ~ for an action co be taken. rabemdeu. (1 eat or I will eat.) ‘tobemaahoo. (Let. us eat.) ‘Tabemachecke.¥ (Shall ve/ I eat?) Practice reading the conjugation slovud. 1. Ti, siciadeu, sieTaaaido, (go) Lee us go to the park. 2. au, shiliiev, shinashde, Go) ‘Let us do. the cleaning. 3. aru, minasu, aiaashdo, Gwaten) Let us wateh celevision. 4. aRSTG, oieadeu, akemaando, Gopend Let us open che window. 5. shimbru, shitioadeu, shigemsehoo, (close) Let us close the door. 6. esuk@ru, veukeadsu, coukemsshico, (witch on) Let us switch on the Light. 1. hajimero, bajimeadeu, najinenashdo. (begin) Let ue degin our etudy 8. oukali, covkatwssu, voulstumehod, (se) Let us use that car. 9. kod, kastizeu, kaimashdo, (buy) Let us buy newspaper. 10. Ys, aiaieu, simaaho, (acct) Let ve nect in the school. 1, iFETL, iveadeu, iremaeido, MASHOO AND MASHOO . RidgTS Léaeau kudasal. Tease give ae five apples. 1 no joy ha 6. Kawi o gomai kudasai Please give me five sheets of paper: 7. KOOHIT o ippsi kudesei. Please give a cup of coffee. 8. BLIRV © Typon kudasai- Pleage give a bottle of beer. a9) a(please take note of che euphagic change of che nuaber of cups and bottles. (ibpai, athas, sanbai,Appon, nikon, sanbon) 9. Targa date arindsu. 10. 120 gs Thucsu ovimabu ker wutatad erinesuf jdugo arimasu. Kani ge gonei atinasu. Kal go Afe-nai aFfadsu ke.7 14. @-uei oFfaden. 15. Gakusel ga hacbi-nin iagou- 16. OFOEG no ito ga Adn-nin ids kay 17. votaei sidew. 18, GBR no ito ge sei7HTn Saou. 19, Kodaae wo iaisy, : 20. Kodaaa ga NitGri dake indew. 21, KoTGae Ga biGBei shine’ Tassen 22, WatdhiWa hyaku nijun PESO Seve imasy. T have twenty pesos with ae. 23. Rive va kuftaa} sar~dai mote imasu. GGT ws wokS TI shizlal ga dave wo 25. Watashi al va kyoodal ga 26. Gokiidel we wdi-nin kindohica ka-7 2h. wa 27, Hitori ao kimasen deshita: 28. Bicori shika kimagen deshitay 30. Wateehi ao kare no kimacen: DIALOG PRACTICE Customer: suaTaaa@a. Soo sere kudasai. Chere Kofe Hou kes. 7 customer: Be, fs Clerk + Boro. custoner: “Thura desu ke.7 Clerk + wiiyakirpdso desu customer: Ghdtto coiddi desu ne. Clerk Are wa doo desu ka.4 yale Juans FESO desu. Customer: Yat desu ne. AGTAT ahihaw. NiRVaRT FASO, nas, Clerk: aiigatos gozeiabeu. SiBoshoo o-machi Kadaedi Tde gozaindsu. Doone attgateo gozaiadshica. Mata o-Kosh? Eodaaai 20) There are five chairs. How many chairs are there? There are two} There are fifteens ‘There axe five sheers of paper. How many sheets of paper are there? ‘There ore Five cheers. There are eight students. How many men are there? There are to. There are three women. mere axe children too. There is only one child. there is no children but one. "Qlotte iru ~ own, carry) He owns three cars. a, Ihave ao acquintance here. I have three brothers. How many students have come? Not even one has come. Only one has come. ALL the studencs did not come. Both he and I will not go. Excuse me. Gan T sce that? Is thls the one? Yes Here you are, Sir. How much i it? e's eo hundred pesos. e's @ Litele expensive, isn'c ic? How about that one over there? It's one hundved fifteen pesos. Keote it cheap? Well, I'LL coke that! Mere's ® 200.00. ‘Thank you, just a onent, please. Tere is your change. Thank you very mach. Please cone again.ef LESSON 11 ae SU VERBS, TH KUDASAT, NAE DE KUDASAE, TE IHASU Group T verbs with "s 1. To get "MASU" form, change "SU" co "SHI" and add "MASU" 2. To get plain Past and TE forn, change "SU" ro "SHITAY & "SHITE" respectively. 0" co MSA and da "MAT ending ~ Conjugation rules. 3. To get plein negative, change " ‘Aviom ive Tiegative Prevent, Past Te Fors | Present, Past . Fucur Fucure hasashimise | haneehimashite| (speak) [naqachinasen | hanashiassee deshica hanaou haw@snice _|hai@ehice fronasdnsi | nomawdnakacta kothindsu | Kartimashica | Gena) [eachiaesen | teshinasen deshica kat koahiea eashice | kasandi ksandkatta Grammer pattern No. 9 "Fe kudasai” is che couson expression used to request Goneone co do someching. The action as denoted by the verb in its Te form plus the word "kudasai” geans the Fequest for such action. Ex, Niflongo de haadonice kudasai. = Please speak in Jeponese. Grammer petcern No. 10 “nai de Kudasei" is used co express "Please do not Go soneching". The plain negative form plus "de kudasai" eana LiversLly # request Co reaain in the condition of no action. Bx. Eig de hanasdaai de kudesai. "Please do not speak in tnglish. Grammar pattern No. 11 “Te isgsu" is used co express progressive action kx. Hive we toacdacht to hinashite & ~ He is talking vith his friend Tiluserative sentences: Le pemWaG kedTite kudeedi. (lend - kai, kesh telephone/please lend) May I use che phone? wadhive, 2. (Watashi wa) commdaent ai kutwaa 6 keThTadshica. (kashTeS) K lent ay friend the car: (coaodschi ni ~ to my friend) 3. UFURBE desu kara HAJIO o Kedhiee hud Fi. (extinguish ~ kes, keahita,kedbite, kesanal.) Please aviceh off the radio because it is noisy. 4. KuFdi desu kara, d@oki o kesanai de kudasai. (Please don'e switch off che Light because it is dark.) 5. Gaojo wa FEN o nalauebinvehita.Cose ~ aakusu, nakushita, sakushice nakusanai) 6. Taisetou dou kara, cegwal 6 nokiiganti de kudasai-(Plesse don't lose the lecter Inportant /is/bccavse/leteee/don't lose/please becouse it is important.) 1. Tort korosandi de kudasai. (Kill ~ kofoau, kofoahita, koroshite, korosansi.) Please do not kill che bird. 8, Riko wa neFiai 6 kovosRimdsnica. (koTOsnTEA) The cat killed the mouse. 9. Wire va koibite @ (ool, cheat - dsiveu, domenica, daitiehire, Be deceived hie lover demséanai) Please don't fool me. 10. wataehi 3 gamaednai de kudes: Blease doa't £00 11, BREESE .°2S5-£80| Phscaantaienica key (break ~ kowdsu, kowdshica, kowishive, ho broke this chair? koumranai) Ps 13, HABBO yyrlanice kudasol. CE lu, RSEEPEREPESERDES Kud@Bai. (vote: Helping word "0" is not needed because Please lend ne one hundred pesos: it goes with the object “okane™ which is not mentioned.) Please don't break the chair. ive ~ yuRiou, yutibhica, yurdehice, yutuednai) apRie wa nikal de TEREBI o mite insou. (Watch ~ Biru, Hea, Bite, sinsi, He is watching celevision’upstaire. | miadsu) “Tna TEnest o alnai de kudasai. Please don't watch television now. a Havoje wo BRS) de bencos © eibere imaau. (eat ~ coBiru, Efbera, Edbecescatenai, She is esting her Yunch in the bus. tabenteu.) 2 de cabbnei de kudasai. Please do not eat with your hands. Haehi o ceukatte eudasai. (use - ceukau, ceukatta, cevkatte, Please use chopsticks. ———,—_tsukawand’ Wetashicachi va coitel Adshi o ceukainasen We usually do not use chopsticks. Usage drill, Substitute the underlined word in the sentence with those sipplied below and praceice reading aloud Rinojo wa Tki de Edes onakashimashica- (lose ~ nakusa, nakushita, nekushice, She lost her umbrelia in the station. nakusaaai, nakushiassu. saife (wallee) Simotsu Cluggage) dooshi (hat) PaSUBGOTO (passport) agen (letter) shathia (picture) Kodom Ga hake kovasnIa¥ehica.(kowshita) The child broke the box. tokei (watch) Keisinki (caleulator) och (coy) 17 (chair) ‘sto (radio) nitayoe (G01) Practical conversation and gramacicel notes Waoro, o-agart RTA. (Please help yourself.) Pleasé/eat or drink/ploase (very foraal iavitation co parcake food or drink. Tai, ecyonthu itadekTadeu. (ves, 111 help myself, thank you.) Yes/without reserve/T'IL take- Bozo, Seco onsgael Raaaws. (Pease have some nore.) LG, Bo Kikkoo desu (Wo thank you, T had enough already.) Wo/already aueh/ is Go-enryo Aku, (Please auke yourself ar home/Plesse don't be shy.) Go-dilapat aéku. (Please don't worry.) Meaning Root te form (Pls.) ce (de) kudasai (Pls. don't)-nai de kudasai (speak) hatWeu —efidehice —adishice kudasai nate¥anai de kudasai (extinguish) keou kesbite kudasai—kesanaii de kudasai (ose) nakusu nakushice - nakusonai de kudasai (ake) feu Eeeee Fete kudasai cordaai de kudagai (enter) Rive Wicee Rakece kudasai hairanai de kudasai (wait) row icce kudesei maianai de kudasei (rena) Fou Ande kodasai yorinai de kudesst (arink) mu Bonde kudasal nowiaai de kudesai (use) coukou —teukatte —caularte nud de kudasat (uy? kad kstee wats kodidi ksindi de kudasai feat) tabdeu — Tlbece Tdbece kudasel —cabdnai de kudasai (ehrow suey) euZeR | suteee aué@nai de kudasal (go cue) delaeara «= dekakote © deiakete udavai —dalia¥Gi de kudasei (open) akeva akeee oicete wads afendi de kudeeai (close) shindru iinece = limete kudasai shana de kudasai (waten) Sra ite site kudasei BHoai de dudevad oyLesson 12 apgecrives Aajective I - WA adjective (noun adjectives) The NA adjective can be treated Like a noun when it is used vith "DESI" as follows: URED Fan we a iva Also desu. ia 9 secretary. 2. YAMADA san va is diligent. 3. YANADA "san wa Aisho deshita. Miss Yamada vas a secretary. 4, YADA gan wa kidbon Geshita. Miss Yamada vas diligeat 5. YAHADA san wa Risho ja adi desu. Miss Yonada is not a secretary. 6, YAMADA san wa Kinben ja di desu. Mis Yamada is not diligent. 7, YAHADE gan wa Hisho ja fakatta desu. Miss Yanada was not a secretary. 8, YANADO gan wa kitben ja niketta desu. Miss Yamada was not diligent. (woTE: Fors forpal speech, use "do wa arinacen” for "ja nai desu” and "de we arinasen deshita” for "ja nakacee desu".) . When the NA adjective is used to modify a nous thet inmediately follows it, the word "NA" ig required co connect the cwo Ex. YAMADA Gas wa kiaben wa Wisho desu. Miss Yanade is 2 diligent secrecary (ulasetsu ~ kind) (yuunoe - capsble) (shoojiki - honest) (kirei - pretty) Adjectives II ~ Pure adjective (i-adjective) ~ all the Pure adjectives end in the kana "i", which is used in conjugation. Unlike the NA adjective, che pure adjective, vhen used vith "desu", cannot be Created Like @ noua but aust be conjugated into past tense and | negative form like a verb. MiMADS van wa JiTusetsu desu. (WA adj.) Miss Yanada is kind. 2. YAHIDT Tas va AHTnseteu deshica. (WA a¢j.) Miss Yamada was kind. 3. MANADE GaN Va yaSaahTi desu. Ciradj-) Miss Yamada is kind. 4. YAHRDR'Gan wa yamaabtkatea deou. (ivaéj.) Mise Yanada was kind. 5. YAHADAGam wa dhThsetou ja adi desu Miss Yanada is not kiod. 6. YAHADA Sanwa Shinsecsu ja Takata desu. Miss Yanada was not kind. 7. YAMADA an wa yasashiku nai desu. Miss Yamada is not kind. 8. YAUADI Gea Wa yadaobiin wakatta desu. Miss Yamada was not kind Rules for conjugation of the Pure Adjectives ~ To get che past cense, change the ending kana "i" co “kata”. 2. To get the negative present, change the ending kana "i", to ku, and add “nai”. "to ku and add “nakatca’ 3. To get the negative past, change the ending kana Gesu) jgasnika aakatca (desu) vasashil (desu) ‘Yeteab ike od resashTkatta (desu) 1% When the "i" adjective ie used co wodify @ noun chat immediately follows it, there ie no need of any word to connect then. YARRDA G5 wa yasashTE HiBho decu. Miss Yamada is 9 gentle munnered secretary. (ursukushii - beautiful) (kawaii - charming) Cisogashii ~ busy) Practice readiog the following with "désu applied to make four sentences ~ Be: 1, Fei desu. (iets good.) 2 katte desu. (Tt was good. ‘Yoku GEi deou. (It's not good.) 3. Yoku nakatta desu. (Tt was aot good.) 3) agesNe Meaning Present Fase Negative Present | Negative Past 1. bad worst [mdrukatee |. waruku ai “varuke oakatee 2, interesting | oasanirdi JomoabTrokatea | osostifroku asi | oBoaiTroku Tikacea 3. hoe atm Reautatea | eoukn aL Feeuea aakacea 4. cold sami |admukatea | muta Ba Timea Tkaccea 5. expensive | cokst — [eakekecea | Zakaka dd Gkake kata 6, cheap verti | Faoukatta Fasuko area 7. busy scogaahTi |idogeabixatea |‘ izogainiia Ti | sisogesntnu nakatte 8. tonesone | eabianti fosblabTkatta | sebiehinu aa iBishiky adkacea Tlustracive sentences: BjSo va aiali desu. wade wa Teevkatta desu. So wa Besvky asi deow. Yoube wa desuky wdkatra desu. ‘yoo va aaari isogashiku vai desu. Koao hea wa oaoshirel desu. Usage drill | Anita va SIRTPINGGo hasashindeu ke.» Do you speak Pilipino? B. Hi, suleni hanachindeu. = Yes, T speak a Little. A, GESoagn mo hasashinasu ka. 7 (WaTaGhi wa) KidGo wa 150zdshikatee desu. So wa Bo desu kaX yGo mo isogashii desu. |. YUE HS Ciga wa ofahTroku Takata desu. i te Ir Ie is hot today. was bot last night is not hot today. was aot hot last aight. I was busy yesterday How sbout today? T am busy today also. T am not so busy coday- Take dook 2 interesting. The movie Last night was not interesting. Substitute the underlined words ia the sentences beloy with che vocabularies supplied end practice the dialog. = Does your father also speak Pilipino? Fe, Suidht va nanaahTeascn. No, he does not speak Pilipino. SUPER (Spanish) Ofasan (your Ghougokags (Chinese) Skuse (your Rigo Gnglish) — Goahijia Gour FUANSUGS (French) oggpsan (your DOPTSTGO (German) Oniinan (your Usage drill tr, Bx. Semi deau ka. SDaukatta desu Rave Blori deow ka.” Henri dechita kas 1, ksi (na) pleasant 2. ureehiii 4. easoabTi —pleagane 5, muzukashit 7. ayes fast 8. abumal 10. ookis, big 1. Dok. on 148, Beori ja Sdkacca dew other) Baha (ny other) vite) Klvei (ay vite) husband) (ay husband) elder sister) (ay elace sister) elder brother) elder brother) Reply the following questions with negative enevers. Tie, Fiwuku Wi desu. 18, Famubu Thatta deau. iE, Bdnri ja Tai deny. happy 3. kanashii sad aifficule’ 6. ofah delicious Gangerous 9. yaaaciTi easy many 12. Bat heavy) clelg}eo 7 [sxe ¢le er 7 ]me + [ee iim a > FlSlzlu a x lower lors fee alo oem as Fle lSha ¢ 7 jsut xltu a 7 [ma Xb x zie 2 PH Fle + [set te | te CF] net X | de ~«xiime wd 2 Pudi c afoot vite k)mm 7 |b tz mob © 09 Flayn ae ae | sho Le dx | cha be Fa] mein =e | bya ue ey ||myace ox 2X Zliyu am xa | shu Le ya | chu be Fa] mye byw Go Ea [lmyusin oa 0 BF |kyoas xa [sho Ls Ya | cho bs ta] nyots =2 | byo vt Ue mors ta weron alae elo 7% a niet 7 fiw 5 > we atae ete cole ee] oe lee da oy wre aly e Yl we xi wart a 7[u a 7 lw aw web vie viv vtec ri ~ a |re~ * fee nv ee x)ec fre x {doe Film om ipo ® fio 4 o nk [ova kee | ja be oe hya ve ex [ovede tr Heys Ye Ve ayy En. ¥. | ju Ue oa byw gm ka [rye oe ea Heyy Ym Ya eyo 82 ¥2 | jo Laos hyo ve ey [vous €9 frye 95 Yo So EDS Bree fea k | Soh EH B ie Aa » > <_ ca Xs S kn bet ot EA x 7 ce 0 neh HIS NP Siva QT {|} KAUR tal CES €/3/ £) B|ls/2/ Elec |P63, ne B. 79, as. 3. 87. 88 GLOSSARY OF ADJECTIVES Visible eppearence, shepe ar form: big oad 2. smal high total ao dow ong agai 6. chort Fer tear 8. near wide higat 10. harrow thik stadt 22) thin deep Fukal 16. shallow any oss 16: feu bright eeara 18. dark blace kufot 20. unite red ket 22. blue strong teuyot 2k aeak Invisible nature: heavy of 26. dent fast haya 28. slow hard katel BO. soft ght sul 32. leose elton bret nad St dinty noisy ufued 36. quiet Feeling happy fgets 38. ead plezsant tehoshtt 4Q. distressing eneerrul Beat (nay 42. nord to bear interesting Gnoshirot uu. eivial Lonesone sabishit 6. Fearful hezuceants 40. akaquating mal 50, bitter shiokerai 52. hot suppai, 56. shibul Hunen character, eppearance, concept ead condi tio 008, wi 56. bac kind shinsetsu (na) 38. strict Fonest shoojtit (na) 60. dsanonest uise kaehieos 62. Foolish besutiru: —GesueUaREL 66. ugly young woke 66. charming Sestlrad ooze (na) 68. neki ifua important tase su (na) Jor enseling rere meauraanti 722 somman magnificent subaragnt 7h. strange right tadeants 76. dountfut early haya 78. late Fortunate sh SuaEB (na) ©. unfartunete rich kenenacht (na) 82. poor hospitable —teatet Bh. Stingy brave isenasnis 86. Famous convenient bens! (na) 85. inconvenient suitable tekitBo (na) 90: geod 28) chiieas eka ni jie chika ‘emai usuh asal suLima kurat shiFeh oak yous emu sak yeueraea yorad BRlzuka (na) kageahts kurushi teural t9uineFEhat oul 4y8 (ra) nga karat astringent oR, kibbents fushdojixs (o> Baka Cha) minikah kewati neta (na) tsuarsnes heibon (na) okaghit utegaueaht oso fukob (na) Binboo (na) debt (n-) paved 3 fien na 8kkoo. (na)