BIACK BELT Ce BUM mee tS CAPOEIRA-BRAZILIAN KICK PCLT ol me KENDO: JAPANESE FENCING MeO oe aAUTHENTIC BOOKS OF THE MARTIAL ARTS (Wor 1s KARATE? hy M. Oyama New Edition! valuable book on Karate by ‘an unparalled Author Master, An insight ito this molet yet restrained art nd sport. 144 pages wih over 700 photographs. 10 pages incalor: x11 $50 ARATE The Art of “Eromty Han by H, Mishiyama an A complete and ful ‘ilustrated manual giving step-bystep instructions and thorough analysis of all the basic motement and techniques. More than 1000 individual ilustrations ex plaining aver TD mavements and technieves. Ta 10M $750 THIS 1S KARATE ‘by M. Oyama Coming: soon! New book written bythe author of “What is Karate?” Approx. 320 pages with more than 4000 photos in Black and White Lepected in June 1964 Tentative $1350, THE WAY OF KARATE , Mattson plains the Okinawan style of Karate with emphasis omits value asa s¥stem of taling, In coordinating the body withthe mind. 200, ‘ages with SOD Diack and white Photographs, 614 49 §550 SECRETS OF CHINESE KARATE by E Parker ‘leading Karate instructor reveals the amar Ing techniques as developed and practiced by the Chinese. 239 pages, complete with Grawings. G8 KENPO KARATE by E. Parker ‘This fan eater Dook written by E. Pars author of “Secrets of Chinese Karate" Approx 6° x3" $6.00 SECRET FIGHTING ARTS OF THE WORLD iy Gitey $3.75 PRACTICAL KARATE, FUNDAMENTALS by Nakayama and F, raeger | §295 THE 2y K Kobayashi and WE Sharp Highly pratced by the Kodokan of Japan Complete with 104 pages with more than 380 photographs giving step by step Jus instrctions, x 1142 $295, KODOKAN 1UDO_A GUIDE To PROFICIENCY ited by Y, Matzimety, T. Kawamura, T,Daige ang ¥, Ora Introductory course in i forthe beginner and once, Emphasis ne As of Troming and the ics of Grappling and Hain. | ages with 700 photos. 6¥4 x By $3.25 THE MECHANICS OF JUDO by RG, Blanchard. $3.75 ‘TE SeoRETS OF JU00 ‘by, Watanabe and LAvakian uy iustated text YookTeatring fll explanations of the Sclentifc principles at dmamics involved in performing te various waza, Over 250 photographs and cramings. "$3.95, ‘THE TECHNIQUES OF Juno by & Takogat and HE. Sharp fully sustraed and authartatve mana! alving stp by step explanations, practical Pointers, and thorugh anoplsis of 3 the most ‘Commaniy used techniques or wazas of Judo, 143 pages with more than 350, ilistraions. 84212" $3.75 ee f,compuete, cone 10 uno iy RW, Smith PRURD OWEN 2 20ol0ry containing sume ofthe fng-cut atin wrtiegs atthe 13th and 20th Gentry ‘his volume also contains articles on the cognate Ars of liga and Karate, 8 plates Including lustratios of technical sequences GraM $3.5 CANON OF JUDD by KW The author the forest most authority of Juda in Japan, tes of the ays to mastery of Jo's technique, form and secret principles, wien forthe laymen andthe ited. 250 pages with 1000 photos. Ta xo $1100 ning by Xa (One of the east books Alka exianing sd instrling The Art which was kept secret from the public and taught ony to the Nolity ‘hats of Japan, Introduced inthe United States ster Warid War Hl 174 pp, with 177 text photes and 35 fll page photos in black and white, Tax l0e $795 ur 8 aoa? Tabet he stor of “iis intredues another book ts forthe aap shel rats ta orm he basso ts A 112 op. with 6 Fo'ilastrations, 644 xBMe $285 uo AND. AIKIDO Tomi i The fundamental principals and techniques of Judo and Aikido are ‘eplained in detail by an expert. 196 pp, with 294 photos Ta $3.00 aILLUSTRATED Juno JUDO ee ‘southern Pacific Associaton it presents in fasytorollow text ustrated with more than ‘380 nhatogranhs. those techniques which ithoee winners ve found to work best In competition. It includes the many ‘arabions and special holds which Cone LeBell has learned along the tournament tr 196 pages, 5x9", 380 polos $3.25 Paperback version ot same book $1. ILUSTRATED xKODOKAN JUDO ‘died by Kedekan The preset work wil, not only serve 25 2 aulde tothe novice and advanced students of Jud, but wl iso serve at sours of Infermation to those Jude Instructors who desire ta take a comprehensive look at the formulation of the Rodolan Juda i aie way. 308 pages, 7” x 1 1000 photos $14.06, uo TRAINING METHODS by, Hakama and, Drasgor Includes training methods and over 200 execises and how they should be performed. Conti ie diseussons and iustrations of Dojo fulities and eiquet, the Judo esate sd promotion regutenctt duly tang ible A GUIDE To juD0 Grapoling Techniques by T. Ohashi (One of the fst books in Exglish explaining I in conditioning {or any sport. Discsses how t lose or gala weight sey through eerie, Hague 71 110 forint 1000 photos “$850, 2S pages, 5° x 744", BE ils, $250 JUDO PEN SET ‘Judo statue (approx. 44° high) with a pen holder and a ‘etc,, mounted ona. wooden ta {gold or silver finish. Wooden base avail ble in walnut or svar Bisck for fnih $6.95 68, KARATE PEN SET high) with a pen holder and a ‘mounted on a wooden base. Statue available in gold or silver finish. Wooden base available in walnut of silver black fox finish .....-1..10---- $6.95 €2. JUDO AND KARATE UNIFORM BAGS ' NEW HEAVYWEIGHT CAPRA GRAINED THOROMYL MATERIAL » REMARE- ALY RESISTANT TO WATER, ALCOMOL STAINS, FLAME: GREASE, ETC, « WEAVY.DUTY ZIPPER AND WELTED GUSSET = 'WILL NoT SAG — REIN. FORCED WITH SPRING STEEL FRAME AND FLEUBLE SIDE BARS ~ VINYL ‘COVERED. ROPE HANDLES = PROTECTIVE METAL DOMES ON BOTTOM « IDENTIFICATION SHIELD'- RING FOR ZIPPER LOCK « COMPLETELY BLACK «3° OIA. EMBLEM FOR JU00 Om KARATE PROVIDED « UNCONDITIONAL GUARANTEE AGAINST ANY DEFECTS IN MATERIAL OR WORKMANSHIP + Size; Judo Bag—JS016 (Suite to Med oe $350 {ISHLE (Sats 0 large Lo Karate Bag—KS816 «Al sian) 2 fo $3.50 Please add 1074 Federal tax MARTIAL MAIL THIS HANDY ORDER FORM TODAY! wr Tato. DESCRIPTION (PLEASE PRINT) Paice ARTS swerurs co. PO. Box B76 Lox Angeles, Callers 30008 This one ene (AT ‘STDX-96D-KAYU pores _ 1 YOUR ORDER Tut For three UP TO $3.00 ADO 25 § 7.01 TO $9.00 ADD 55 on Rae eee Hae pees in SSE Se 4001 fh ee 10 6) ea raion __ OVER $15.01 ADD 856 for Special Group Rates, Pease InquireEDITORIAL ARE WE PREJUDICED? Since the publication of Black Belt Magazine, we have been witnessing a tremendous growth in the: Oriental’s self-defense sports and arts... . growth in the number of participants, expansion of the vari- ous organizations, more publicity, and bigger and more tournaments held. Kendo, once a well-known art in U.S, is attempting a comeback, Jujutsu, al most extinet after the War, is trying to re-establish. ‘Aikido, newest and least known, is slowly gaining recognition. Judo, the major self-defense sport, did receive an impetus when it was initiated into the 1964 Olympic. But its failure to be reinstataed in 1968 may affect its expansion, especially among the high schools and colleges. Karate, the most spectacular art to the American, is on a ‘blistering pace’ to catch-up to Judo. What’s the reason for Karate’s phenomenal growth? Is it easier to learn? Is it better organized? We do not think that Karate is easier to learn, But we do realize its similarity to boxing than any other art. To lear Karate one must put just as much efforts as the others, Each kick or punch must be practiced over and over again to develop accuraey, speed, and power. Many beginners give up because they cannot keep up with the physical conditioning exercises. We believe that the Karate organizations in U.S. are the least organized. Although the ast is con- sidered to be one of the oldest, its introduction here is only recemt. But within this short span there are at least six different types of Karate (or arts similar in nature) ... Kempo, Gung Fu, Oki- nawa Tey Kong So, ete, To organize all these schools inte one great unit ecems impossible because all of them have their own standard Katas (forms). But it can be done. In Hawaii there are just as many types of Karate, but all of them are affliated un- der one controlling body, called the Hawaii Karate Congress. We hope someday this Congress ean be expanded to include every Karate organization in the U.S. We feel that Karate has enjoyed a phenomenal growth in U.S. because of the leaders behind the art, We find them more aggressive, more coopera- tive, and more understanding. Many criticize Black Belt for favoring Karate or for favoring one or- ganization over the others. They complain that we have published more Karate articles than the other arts, The staff of Black Belt attempts to he impartial and attempts to give equal coverage to all the arts. But sometimes this is impossible. A large number of our articles published in the past is submitted hy freelance writers, More than one-half was on Karate. We of Black Belt will continue to carry-on its unbiased policy. And we hope to hear less com- plaints and more cooperation from all the organi- zations. ioSTAFF PusLisuee, M. UYEHARA pron, GEORGE ASAWA Manacrxc eorron, LOU KIMZEY PRopUCTION MANAGER, BOB KIMZEY DR. GORDAN WARNER EAST Coast EDITOR, ROBERT WELLS sssoctstesaons, HILL EVANS, WILLIAM €. GU. DICK DIMON, DR. P. J. RASCH VOLUME TWO NUMBER TWO “"TOKUII HIRATA, TORAO MORI, HIDETAKA NISHIYAMA, EDMUND PARKER, Hl. E. SHARP, ISAO TAKAHASHI, KOICHI TOHE!, BEN TSUJI MAJOR JOHN GREGORY SS “EDMUND JUNG” ruorocearity, RALPH POOLE kx pingctot, HIDEO SEI CcaRToON HozTOR, D, F, ENSLOW CONTENTS covrusurinc canrooNtst, BILL PICKWELL. CAPOEIRA, BRAZILIANS KARATE. . PROMOTION LIST 00. soe cee ce nee ne ene eS DoJo_ BULLETIN BoarD....... Atkipo ~ Bast¢_ TECHNIQUES. Black Belt ig published, bi-monthly by the Black Belty Ine, 1286 So. La Brea Ave Los Angeles i, California. Ape plication to mail st. second clase rates Pending at Los Angeles, California and Ht additional mailing offees, Copyright 1068 by Black Belt, Inc. Subsaription Hates.” $3.00" for fix issues In’ the Unie State. $00 forte ates th orcign countries. Single copy price $50. The patlishers and. editors’ will fot be responsible for unsolicited ma {erial, Manuscripts and photographs to Ye accompanied bya Hampel, sel ‘dressed return envelope Printed in USA. CHANGE OF ADPRESS—Send old address as well as new address (60 days Before moving Wye tontinuous 18 MARTIAL ARTS OF JAPAN. 0... c0ccseeeee 2160 service) to: Black Belt, Inc. 1288 So. La Brea Ave. Los Angeles 18, California Po not, depend on the post office. to forward magazines; they’ are not for= warded unless you pay extra postage SSLETTERS TO THE CHARACTER SOLIDIFIERS Dear Sirs: T enjoy your magazine very much, Tt has helped me keep in toueh with Judo, even though our Muskogee- YMCA Judo Club has been discon- tinued. T am very deeply interested in Judo, Aikido and Karate, not only as pons, but also as “charaeter s0- Hidifiers”. I was very pleased with the inner quietude and self confidence 1 acquired during my brief exposure, T do not think another club will bbe established here in Muskoree, so Tam asking you for information about dojos sponsored by colleges. 1 have decided not to enter a college unless it does have a dojo. Do you have a list (or know where T might find one) of colleges in the midwest which sponsor Judo programs? ‘Thank you, Gene Ray Muskogee, Oklahoma (Judo tournaments among calleges fare om the inereuse, BLACK BELT has eovered such mects in past issues. Kansas State University at Manhat- tan ig but one of the many schools to have @ strong Juda club, It is recommended that after a college is selected, an inquiry be forwarded to its Physical Ed Dept, Ed.) ‘A LUCKY HUBBY We purchased one copy of your magazine BLACK BELT and since then have been unable to obtain anymore answhere in Fairbanks, Alaska. ‘My husband is a Ist Degree (Sho- dan}, and it would give me great pleasure to send this to him as a surprise (tho’ we live in the same house). It's so hard to keep a nice seeret from such a wonderful person. Our 14 year old son is just. beginning and as soon at our new baby is a few mo's old I shall start my tr ing also, Please Jet me know-airmail if you are printing your magazine stil, and if 20 I will send a check for 1 year with my husband's name, ete, Mrs. Clarence II. Boyesson Alaska TOO WONDERFUL TO MISS T am a 14 year old student of Shotokan Karate, and in adolescence, Tfind the art an inspire of confidence and poise. It could be due to my youth, (but I really showld give more eredit to the art itself) but I find myself soaking up all of the infor- mation and news about Karate that iis available to me. Then I discovered your magazine. My greatest interest remains Karate, but you made such an all-around wonderful magazine that [ now read about all the martial arts with great interest. I save all of the “Black Belts” that I have bought. Suddenly “Black Belts" ceased to circulate in my area I kept thinking that it was only a momen- tary lapse in produetion. Then my instructor tells me that he got it in the mail. I thought of all the things that I had missed, (tournament news, articles, good grief!) and 1 would have kicked myself if possible. Before another day passed T sent the subscription money. ($3.00 enclosed) I've learned my lesson, and now I’m sitting on pins and needles, waiting for the magazine to arrive. Your magazine is too wonder- ful to be missed for one issue. Keep up the terrific work! David Applewhite Brooklyn, N.Y. ‘A WARM RESPONSE FROM A SHERIFF I would like to offer the thanks of the entire Sheriff's Department for your excellent article, “Watchdog for a Giant,” in the current issue of Black Belt Magazine. T enjoyed the article tremendously. So often stories about. organizations such a8 ours tend to be extracts of statistical data, lacking interest and Punch. But your fresh and stimulat- ing approach gave it interest and impact. My kindest regards and every best wish for continued success. Peter J, Pitchess Sheriff Los Angeles 12, Calif. A DISAPPOINTED JUDOIST 1 am disappointed in BLACK BELT. ‘There should be more issues avail- able and on time. Tam 18 years old, 2 2nd Class «Nikyu) Brown Belt! in Judo and in the best of health. 1am mention- ing this because if I ever ge to Cali- fornia, I will engage all the editors and your technical advisors in a free-for-all randori or else make you fellows write at least more issues. Morton Goldstein Mt. Vernon, N.Y. (Who-o-a-n, Morton, With ail that energy you'll probably make i0te Degree. We are remedying our short- comings. Thank you for your pa- tienes, We hope to make BLACK BELT ono of top magazine in the field of martint arts with our subseritvers” help. Ba.) A JUDOIST NEED MONEY FOR A MOVIE Your writer is a student of Judo and also has a full working know!- edge of motion picture production. Tam interested in producing a mo- tion pieture feature film for theatre release. The theme of which will involve Judo along with Christian ‘emphasis. ‘The reason for this letter is to ask if you would publish this letter in hhope that it will bring me in contact with someone of large means, such as a Philantropist, who will sponsor the film, Locals in my city would make some investments, One Hun- dred Thousand Dollars ($100,000) would be needed from the sponsor and the movie company. This is not a stock offering and could not be under Federal Laws und Regulations. However, if there be a Philantropist ‘wha could consider this loan, 1 will be glad to supply full details. There is chance of very good profit from the picture but, of course, the mo- tion picture industry does invelve great deal of speculation, ©. Kennon Robertson Spartanburg, S.C.LOOKING FOR ACTION? EDITORS CINDER BLOCK POUNDERS. Please send me the first issue of ACK BELT Magazine for which I enclose $1.00, Since you are out of issue number two, could you please send me the editorial from. that In the book ‘*Zen Combat,” by Jay Gluck, there is a statement that says, “Pounding the fist against a einder block for “toughening” is not karate and is denounced by Oriental Karate masters,” Is this true? Would it be possible to get the autographs of all the judo-kas and Karate-kas on your staff such as Hidetaka Nishiyama, Ed Parker, H. E. Sharp, etc.?'I am collecting auto- graphs of all the famous judo-kas and karate-kas. 1 would appreciate this favor very’ much, ‘You have a truly great magazine and I hope you keep up the good work, BLACK BELT MAGAZINE IS WHERE YOU'LL FIND IT! A faithful reader, Larry Bombardier Albany 10, New York (There are many styles of Karate: therefore different methods of train ing. Many stylee resort to various ‘means ta toughen their hands, ef pounding a punching board, into a bucket of sand or pebdtes, or a cinder Block. There are styles or schools that deplore such training practices; Hey do sees ls Com pO Shey do er svescnlmioN pares = 3.2 | YEAR 2 YEARS MORE ON OKAZAKI oS ape Hed pe L wag reading inthe summer sue ceupn Ho We of BLACK BELT where Henry Okazaki defeated a heavyweight boxer, K. 0. Morris, who said that he had de- feated all Judo and Ju-Jitsu experts. Talsa read in “The King Wrestling” where Sam MeVey defeated a champ ‘CLIP HANDY COUPON AND MAIL TODAY T Se a ae oe tery BLACK BELT SUBSCRIPTIONS by the name of Tano Matsuda in 10 1268 South La Broa Ave. seconds. Also that, Packy O'Gatty Los Angeles, California 90019 defented Shimak Judo expert who outweighed him by 75 pound: in four seconds, Does all of thi: prove that boxing is superior to Judo? How about a story comparing the two? I’m sure many of the read- ARS Qe AE eee | | | a Il 1 | wast fle my subscription to start 1 I | 1 1 i 1 1 Lawrence Nance hice creer tel ers would enjoy such a stor; viens nee Detroit, Mich entinved onby Dr. Gordan Warner KENDO: THE ART OF JAPANESE FENCIN Dr. Gordon Warner, Professor of Education, Long Beach State College and Western Consultant. for the Tanaka Educational Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan, has just returned from a year's sabbatical Japan. A retired Lt. Col. of the Marines, he was awarded the Navy Cross for heroism in WW II and raised the first American flag on the Island of Bougainville, Solomon Islands, Dr. Warner began his study of the martial arts when he entered the Kodansha Publishing Com- pany Dojo in Tokyo in 1937, Master Morifi Mo- chida, 10th Degree (Judan), was the head of the dojo and is presently the National Treasurer of Japar . Dr. Warner, who joined ora staff as one of the at editors of the BLACK BELT, is the highest ranking non-Japanese in Kendo receiving his 6th Degree (Rokudan) during the 1962 All-Japan Kendo Fed- eration Annual examination in Fukuoka City, Kyu shu, Japan. He also holds a 3rd Degree (Sandan) in Iai (Yamato Ry) and he has taken his exami nation in Eishin Hasegawa Ryu,Inside the old Rodokan, Tokyo (Judo Has.) where in- struetore from various dojos used to meet for early Sunday morning training sessions. Kendoist (1) has axsumed a Left Stance (Hidari Jodan) as he advances. From a way of violence and a need for self- preservation... the way of the sword developed a code of ethies whieh was to have a profound influence upon an entire nation. The long wait was swiftly approaching its cli- max. Both swordsmen, unafraid, knew that the inevitable end was near. ‘They had fought long and savagely. The sands of Ganryuzima showed evidence of this great struggle. ‘The swordsmen had fought mustering all their skill and every tactics acquired through years of self denial and hard training. The lives of men who had fallen before their swords had paved a bloody path for this last and fateful encounter. A slight chilling breeze blowing in from the Strait of Kanmon went unnoticed as perspiration dampened the foreheads of both men. ‘At the water's edge the boatman who had fer- ‘ied Musashi Miyamoto to this lonely island ner vously awaited the outcome. Little did he realize ‘that he was to witness one of the greatest display ‘of swordsmanship in the history of Japan. While ‘on a knoll overlooking the beach Kojiro Sasaki’s Jord and retainers grimly waited and watched the duel. A mortal duel to determine who was the greatest swordsman of Japan. ‘As Musashi raised his bokken (wooden sword) which he had fashioned out of an oar, Kojiro saw ‘hig opening. With a smile of confidence he lowered his sword for his famed “Tsubamegaeshi” (the Swallow Stroke) from which there was no escape. Kojiro's sword flashed with blinding speed. Mu- sashi leaped to unbelievable height and landed with two swords extended in the Niten Style. A smile flickered across the face of Kojiro as he saw the 9Kendo hata with @ bn na demonstrated by Master Shotarn Nemoto, athy Deyn (Hoehidans in Kendo fond Fai. Use of ech during training resutted in many casnaltirs emony students: thes led ta the development of the sibinui Students Lined up four eatisthienien In feure tevining sexe sions, Note the head tcure’s draped uver peatective eaitipment und fenciny shim lined in the faremrenend. 10 severed headband and blood oozing from Musashi’s forehead. Both swordsmen stood, immovable, facing one another as if suspended in time and space for a brief period of immortality. The smile frozed on Kojiro’s face as he slowly pitched forward upon the disturbed sands. The way of the sword, Kendo, has its origin embedded in the antiquities of Japanese history. The weapon of survival with its multitudes of styles as perfected by the Japanese samurai (war- riors) such as Musashi and Kojiro has left its, impact and evolved into one of the most interesting. and fastest action sports in modern times. ‘The word “Kendo” when written in Kanji (Chinese form of writing adopted by the Japanese in the 5th Century) is made up of two ideograms: (ken, meaning the sword) and (do, the way or philosophy) ‘Most Japanese historians are in agreement on many aspects of Kendo as contained in the Kojiki (Stories of Ancient Japan) which eovers the period of Japanese history from mythological ages to the reign of Emperor Suiko (593-628) and in Nihon- shoki (720 A.D.) pertaining to period up to the reign of Emperor Jito (686-697). It is generally conceded that Iyenao Yamashironckame Tishino (known later as Choisai Tishino) opened one of the first schools of fencing, It was called the Shinto Ryu. ‘The development of Kendo from a crude form of combat began some 1600 years ago. The use of a solid wooden sword (bokken) and the establish- ment of the art of Tachikaki (the attack or the drawing: of sword technique) is recorded about, 400 A.D. Kendo developed to one of individual art of swordsmanship during the Taika Restoration (646 A.D.) This form continued until the later part of the Heian Period (794 to 1191 A.D.) In order to comprehend the evolution of Kendo, one must study the rise to power of the samurai, the warrior-knights of Japan. The rise of the samurai class in 1067 A.D. herald the beginning of various styles or schools (ryu's) in sword tech- niques. Before the Helan Period the samurai wore his sword suspended from sash-like belt (obi) by two strings with the cutting edge of the blade toward the ground. However, at the turn of the 10th een- tury the long sword was worn on the left side by tucking it through the obi with the cutting edge upward. This facilitated a “quick draw” in which the sword was withdrawn with cutting edye toward the enemy with minimum effort. It was not until later that a short sword was worn tucked in the obi with the long sword. During the Nara Era (650-793 A.D.) Tachikaki, was replaced by a new form of combat, the Taehiuehi (duel). This form was comparable to the European combat-of-arms. The various styles of feneing underwent a slow transition for manyyears but began to exert itself during the latter part of the Heian Era to the Kamakura Period (1192 to 1336 A.D.) ‘The rise of the samurai into the Japanese his- torical picture developed slowly; it began soon after the capitol was moved from Nara to Kyoto (794 A.D.), As the defects in the system of the centralized government began to assert themselves, discords with the rural administration began to plague the central authorities. As the land owners in rural communities were forced to maintain armed forees to insure the safety of their posses- sions, the groundwork for the entrance of the samurai was laid ‘The samurai, who arose from families of inffuen- tial persons, local chieftians, or servants of govern- ment officials or nobles, began to exert a greater influence in the rural estates of the noblemen. The aristocrats now enjoying the peace and ease of metropolitan life in Kyoto, the new capitol, were indifferent and failed to remedy this dangerous trend, The class who was to gain power in the fol- lowing periods arose from those who had served the aristocracy during the peaceful Nara and Heian periods ...the samurai. ‘However, it was during this transition that the art of Kendo developed. Opportunities offered to master swordsman spurted samurai to seek skillful Kendo teachers in order to perfect their feneing or sword techniques. As a master swordsman a samu- rai could set up a feneing school subsidized by a lord of a clan, For the next 200 years and until the Ashikaga Era (1837 - 1573 A.D.) the art of fencing under- went very little change. However, during Ashikaga Era many fencing schools flourished and the popu- larity of Kendo was, again, on the rise. Fencing schools (dojos) founded by exceptionally strong and skillful swordsmen produced various styles of Kendo. The most famous of these were the fencing schools of Nagahide Chujo (1380), Bungure Hu- Kida (1437), Choisai Tizasa (1488) and In-Ei (1521), a renown spearman as well as a swords- man. During practices zealous students with desire to display their skill before his teacher would be carried away with such enthusiasm that he would challenge anyone in the gym. Such actions often ed to serious injuries and in some cases ... death. Gontests where contacts were made, i.e., with a wooden sword (bokken), ete., distressed the famed ko Aisu (1452-1538 A.D.). During his meditations at Udo Shrine in Miyazaki Prefecture, the inspired Aisu devised a new method of defense techniques. His school, established in 1488 and called the Aist- Kuge School of Swordsmanship, was to have a profound influence on the Yagyu Clan, the most distinguished swordsmen of the later years. During the later part of the Ashikaga Era, Kendo as a martial art stagnated. However, during this period Kata-kenjitsu (where two fencers faced Bay. It envoy to Japan, Townsend Hav Attack pointe are se Age io not n cteterr boy above practice ojo in F betel Between the nnTSURU NAKAUIL SAKIGAWA THA | | Tare (waist band) Do (chest armor) ‘The Main Attack Points of Kendo Kote (Wrist guard or gauntlet) ve made of bamboo strips) one another and practiced with a wooden sword) was developed, Stress was placed upon form and motion ; personal contact was restricted. The Kata- kenjitsu techniques required skill and the master ing of Thany movements with little thought given -to realistic value of contact. ‘The interest in action and actual contact with wooden sword was renewed during the Nobunaga (1568-1582 A.D.) and the Hideyoshi (1582-1598 A.D.) periods. This, again, resulted in serious in- Juries and even deaths to the participants during Practice sessions. In order to minimize serious injuries among fencers during practice matches, Chuzo Nakanishi (1750) of Edo (as Tokyo was called in ancient times) invented a stave (shinai) made with four sections of bamboo. Each section was fitted so all dangerous edges and splinters were eliminated. This original shinai was to undergo very little change and is basically similar to the fencing shinai of today. Even with the introduetion of this shinai, Naka- nishi required all students to wear protective equip- ment. Rules and regulation on fencing etiquette were established, The style of Keta-kenjitsy was replaced by Kenjutsu or Kengaki (sword action). ‘The fencing skirt (hakama) and a heavy jacket (kekogei) was adopted as the standard wearing apparel, The first protective equipment to be worn outside of the Aakama was the waist band (tare) which fits snugly around the waist to protect the hips from any blow which might miss the center protective armor, The fare has five pendants hang- ing down about 12 inches in length. Next the chest armor (do... pronounced as. dough) was worn for the protection of the chest. The do was held in place by crossing the cords at: the back and tying ends to the loops on each side of the armor at the front, A cord at the base of the do prevents the armor from sliding forward. Later the face and head protector (men) was devised so that additional action could be added to Kendo. Before a fencer places the men on his head he generally wraps a towel over his head to prevent perspiration from running into his eyes. The next protective equipment developed was the wrist guard (Kote). A decisive blow was considered to be to the right wrist since the right hand holds the sword. The kote with its padded cotton rein- forcing was designed to protect the joints against the powerful blows struck at the wrist. After a kendoist has secured his equipment hemust stand, place his shinai in his left hand and bow as he enters the training gym. If there is an ‘epponent who wish to fence with him, both must face the head instructor and present’ themselves ‘with a slight bow, When both participants are ready, they must face each other, acknowledging with another slight bow. They must take six steps directly toward each other, then together in unison, slowly lower to a squatting position while drawing ‘the fencing shinai in front. When the contestants rise together or at a command, the match is This procedure must be repeated after each pr tice session and as in ancient times, it is still a standard procedure practiced in the fencing schools throughout the world. Various point systems were developed for the sport of Kendo; they are as follows: Kote (wrist), Men (Migi-Men, right side of head; Men, top of head; and Hidari-Men, left side of head), Do (waist), and the Tsuki (throat). Each strike ot cut must be called out at the same time that they are made. In other words, as the kendoist strikes the opponent, he must instantaneously call out the point as he hits. This not only developes the physi- eal but full mental coordination. ‘The ready stance (Kamae) is extremely im- portant to master in Kendo. It is from this basic position that all movements originate. When the Kamae of a kendoist is so perfeet, it is almost im- possible to find an opening, There are instances when a match of three points ends without a point, being scored because of the skill of an opponent, Chudan Kamae, one of the basie position or stance, must be mastered first, Foot work is vital in Kendo. The right foot is always forward with the left foot in a heel-up propelling position, The right foot and the right hand always lead together. ‘The stave (shinai) is held by the right hand at, a point one to two inches from the guard (tsuba) ‘The left hand firmly grasps the end of the shinai Kendoist with his fencing shinai and protective equip- ‘ment; the equipment is worn aver the hakama (shirt) and Kekogei (jacket). The head towel lying in the foreground is wrapped around the forehead before the head protector is worn,At March Air Force Bato, S/Sgt. Leonard M. Shull has taken unusual interest in the junior group. He received his instructor training in Japan in 1959 and 1960. He is Fifteenth Air Foree champion in the 160% division. He holds classes weetly with some 20 boys, ages 8 to 15, sons of military personnel stationed at March. Shulls boys are undefeated in Southern California competition in the past three years, October 7 at Riverside, the team defeated Riverside in seven out of nino event: SAC regularly sends personnel to Tokyo fer instructor training. Following SAC's lead, the art of Judo greatly expanded in the United States as 2 competitive sport. SAC and other military organizations titfons. id annual eompe. 14 It's Amazing The Effect Judo Has Both Physically and Psychologically ... General Curtis E. LeMay The AAU has ratings. The present holders of the AAU heavyweight and 1603¢ championships are in Fiftecnth ‘Air Force. Heavyweight champion (pest thros years) is S/Sgt, George Harris, Sth Bomb Wing, Travis AFB, Cali The 1603 AAU Champion (past two years) is Toshiyuki Seino, A/2C at Davis-Monthan AFB in Arizona, Judo is emphasized now by the USAF, whi competition, through USAF Judo Associa Offutt AFB, Nebr Parficipants are encouraged fo affiiate with the US monitoring group styled Nanka Judo Association in Les Through supervision they insure that only certified supports located at instructors using proper facilities are listed. The sport thus watches out for safety and proper davelopment of skills.Doing like their daddies do, Scott Brown (ow top) and Bryan Emert compete in the Junior Judo Competition held at Barksdale AFB, La, last Fuly. One of the by- products of SAC's Judo expansion has been the pastici pation of dependents, regardless of age or sex, én this healthy sport. i. In commenting on the importance of the marital arts, Gen. LeMay said: "This Judo idea started out in my SAC days when we found the crews needed something to unwind them after 36 tense hours of flying, "So | introduced Judo as a relaxer. I've got a Back Belt, but | think it's mostly honorary. | wouldn't like to tangle with a real Black Belter. “It's amazing the effect Judo has both physi cally and psychologically. I's a tremendous builder of self-confidence. And you can get just as much exercise as you want.” Typical group of Junior Judo pupils of SSat. Leonard M. Shull at Mareh Air Foree Base, California. (1 to r, standing) Mike Paluzzill, David Harris 13, Mike Soccio 14, Jém Weatherall 15, SSat. Shull, instructor, Bob Johnson 14, Lawrence Cole 18, Larey Bryan 12, Allen Freeman 13. (1 to r, kneeling rear row) Jay Kaseman 12, Lance Levis 9, John Bowley Jr. 10, James Gallagher Jr. 9, Rohert Babcock 8. (1 to x, kneeling front row) Jeff Kaseman 12, Tim Kaseman 8, John Riddle 8. (Note: Jay ond Jeff Kaseman are twins) Junior judoists at MacDill AFB, Fla, demonstrate Uhemi for their " buddies’ from Orlando, Fla. The youngsters, ald dependents of SAC airmen, are taught the basie techniques of the sport by base Judo experts during evening classes, During practice by Junior Judo pupile at March Air Force Base, 8-year old Tim Kaseman throws 15-year old Jim Weatherall,HOW TO DO IT JUDO Okuri AshiHarai (Follow Foot Sweep) Fig. 8. After your opponent has stepped side- ways with his left foot, he’s natural reaction is to step likewise with ‘his right foot. At this point you must sweep his right foot towards his left, sweeping both fect from under him. Simultaneously pull his right elbow in and lift his right shoulder up. Fig. 1. Hold opponent's gi near his right elbow with your left hand. With your right hand grab opponent's lapel by his left shoulder. 2 Fig. 2. As opponent steps sideways with his Fig. 4. As his feet leave the mat, turn his body left foot, you follow suit with your right foot. like’ a large wheel with your arms. 16HOW TO DO IT < JUDO © Soto Gari (Major Outer Reap) | H Fig, 1. Drag your left foot close and slightly to the outside of the opponent's right foot and Keep your knee slightly bended. Break his pos- ture by pulling his tight elbow downward and toward you, and by pushing his neck with your a right arm. Fig. 3. Throw him by sweeping his right leg = forward with the back of your right leg. aL" Fig. 4. As you sweep your leg, drive your Fig, 2. As his posture is broken, move quickly head toward the mat and lift your leg up until ‘with your right hip and leg forward you're in a straight line. wThe Former Weight-lifter Moved Through His Opponents | With Precision, But He Was Not Able To Mow Them Down... 2nd EAST COAST | KARATE | CHAMPIONSHIPSBy Hob Welle Pheioerapiy by lobn Gresory More than 3,000 New Yorkers packed the Manhattan Center on October 13th to sec Black Belter Jules Paulin of the Philadelphia Karate Club retain his East Coast Karate champion- ship. The 27-year-old Paulin, three-time Penn- sylvania State cham and last year’s champion of the All-America Karate Federation, will rep- resent the east coast at the All-American cham- pionship in San Francicso later this year. The former weight-lifter moved through his oponents with precision, but he was not able to mow them down as he had when he won the East Coast title last year. The opposition was tough and determined — and too good — for anyone to breeze through to the top. Besides — it was not revealed until after the tournament — Paulin had entered the competi- tion with a local anesthetic numbing the pain of a chronic slipped disc; however, as the semi- final matches began the drug wore off. The champion with pain in his back fought the toughest matehes of the day with only a slight stiffness. The tournament had been widely advertised and the crowd was a regular big city sports crowd rather than the customary small band of afficionados. For many it was their first glimpse of Karate and they responded with en- thusiasm and pleasure. When Master Hidetaka Nishiyama from the west coast, and later Mas- ter Ternyuki Okazaki of the Philadelphia Ka- rate Club, demonstrated self-defense techniques against knives and surprise attacks, the crowd gave them wild, standing ovations, and kept up the applause until they got encores. As Master Nishiyama performed his favorite kata, Unsu, and as Master Okazaki and Hiroshi Orito per- formed their favorite katas, the crowd “Aaahed” in appreciation and broke into spontancous clap- ping. Though many had never seeen anything like them, they responded to the katas of the masters as things of beauty. Master Nishiyama in particular seemed surprised and affected by the clamorous applause for his self-defense dem- ‘onstration, and when he was finally prevailed on for an encore his kata was full of an intensity, a slow rhythm and a deadly grace that raised his martial “art” to a real art of expression, A demonstration of women Karate self-defense received ‘warm applause from the spectators. The quality of the contestants’ forms had noticably improved since last year and the tech- nique they displayed was some of the best yet seen in this part of the country, The freestyle fighting (Kumite) during the tournament was fast and agressive without becoming clumsy. The referees and judges were hard to please, and when the points were scored they were clean and decisive. ‘The forms demonstrated in the kata competi- tion were in almost every case sharp, graceful and full of power. For the first time in this reporter's local experience, American Karate men began to resemble the style and authority of their Japanese counterparts, The “villian” of the day, clected by the unanimous boos of the crowd, was Robert Mc- Neill of the Philadelphia Karate Club, McNeil a massive bull of a Brown Belt, was surprisingly fast and deceptive, but his style consisted of driving in against the opposition with his chest and pummeling with his heavy fists. Apparently his opponents were not used to Karate at such close range. In any case he played like he was wearing a suit of Kendo armor, and for 2 while he got away with it. At one point Black Belt James Nye accidently connected with a punch to MeNeill’s jaw. There was no score — points were given only for “well- focused” punches pulled short — but it left Mc- Neill a little stunned, When his head cleared he glowered at Nye and paced savagely, and when the word was given to resume he charged, It looked for a while like one of those childish losses of self control that have defaced other Karate tournaments here, but apparently it was just psychological warfare. Nye, amused, gently tapped MeNeill’s huge jaw to mock him, But McNeill won the match with a half-point, and ‘Nye was no longer amused. Black Belt Curt Blackwood of the New York Karate Club stalked his opponents throughout the afternoon with a rolling dip of the shoulder, very much like the calypso dances of his native West Indies. The movernent was effective; Black- wood fought his way into the final match against Paulin, and placed second in the kumite compe- tition. 19Black Belt Leslie Safar of Philadelphia also showed outstanding technique. Small and quick, he would play a waiting game, sizing up his opponents, then finishing them with flurries of apparently deadly accuracy. He scored one of the more spectacular points of the day against the much taller Robert Shapoff. Shapoff played with a leading left foot, and after a few tries Safar knocked the foot out with a sweeping kick to the ankle, Shapoff went down so hard and so fast that Safar would have gotten a full point and a round of applause in any Judo contest. He was on top of the prostrate Shapoff with a series of pile-driving punches to win the match, ‘There were two parallel sets of eliminations. After Blackwood defeated Safar to become the Red Team champion, Paulin and Bull McNeill took the stage to settle the matter for the White. This was the match the crowd was waiting for. Could MeNeill smash his way to the top? Could the smaller champion stand up to him? Each had his thousands cheering. Unknown to the audience, though, McNeill was Paulin’s student. He knew the champion’s techniques, but apparently had found in prac- tice that he couldn’t bull his teacher down, He played Paulin at a distance, and Paulin, realizing the anesthetic in his back was wearing off, faced him stiff and cautious. ‘The first match went to a three-minute draw. The second was also indecisive until, near the end, Paulin scored a half-point with his favoirte technique, a left front kick up the middle, When time ran out Paulin was still a half point ahead and the judges gave him the match. In the final match the auditorium was tenscly silent as Paulin, standing straight, was stalked round and round by the cat-like Blackwood, Un- like the other matches, this was to be decided by two points, Paulin struck first, with a front kick up the middle for a full point, Shortly afterward the two clashed again, and as they broke Paulin tripped and fell awkwardly on his back. But Blackwood was leaning to the rear and could not get in in time to take advantage. It began to look like Paulin had already passed his toughest competitor in MeNeill and had the tournament in his pocket. But in a close exchange 2 ‘The overail champion of the mect, Jules Paulin of the Philadelphia Karate Chub took 13t place in both KUMITE sparring) and Kata (form) competition, He won the same three trophies at last year's Bast Coast Champion- ships and cent on to win the 1982 All-Ameriea Karate Tournament at Los Angeles. Paulin is also three-time Pennsylvania State Karate Champ. the aggressive Blackwood fired a punch into the solar plexus and evened the match one-all. The two circled again, each alert, each wateh- ing for the final point. As they passed the foot- lights at stage center they both attacked simul- taneously. In the vigorous exchange Paulin’s left foot ripped up again to the belly, and referee Nishiyama called “Ippon!” Paulin, the cham- pion, had really earned his trophy, and the erowd gave him a champion’s ovation. Jules Paulin also took the kata trophy, win- ning 4214 points with a Bassai Dai kata. HeSome of the teams assembled for prestorernament ceremony. Jules Paulin of the Philadelphia Karate Club receives certificate and trophy from James McDonnell, President of the Tournament, Vice-Chairman of the American Wrestling Foundation and former Deputy Chief Inspec- tor of the New York City Police Department, Brown Belts Abner Smith (1) of the Philadelphia Karate Club and Fred Martine: in free sparring competitions. went through the formal dance-like movements with a grace and power not usually exhibited by any but the higher-ranking Japanese. Leslie Safar impressed the judges by picking the kata Hangetsu, one not on the program, and doing it with such authority that he was awarded 41/4 points by the judges, who included Masters Nishiyama, Okazaki and Arito, Curt Blackwood took third with a 38% point Bassai Dai. James Ambrose got 38 points with a Heian Ni-Dan kata, and White Belt David Ost earned 374 points with a Tekki Shodan, outpointing many Champions with their trophies, Jules Paulin (e) of the Philadetphin Karate Club placed Ist in both KATA (form) and xusrre (sparring) competitions to the overall championship. Robert McNeill (1) of Phila- delphia placed 3rd in KUDMITE and was awarded a Sony trensistor radio for his display of the best fighting spirit of the day. Curt Blackwood (r) of the New York Karate Club placed 2nd in KUMITE and 3rd in KATA competitions. Nat shown is Leslie Safar of Philadelphia, 2nd in KATA and 3rd place tie in KUMITE, Paulin also received a Konica camera for his overall vietory. other contestants well ahead of him in rank At tournament's end Paulin was awarded first- place trophies for kumite and kata competition, and the trophy and Konica camera for the ovei all championship. Second and third place kata trophies went to Safar and Blackwood, and Blackwood took the second plate trophy for kumite. Safar and McNeill shared trophies for third place in kumite competition, and McNeill was awarded a Sony transistor radio. The tournament was conducted under the rules and auspices of the Japan Karate Assoc.) 2CAPOEIRA, BRAZILIANS KARATE The Players would jump, weave, gambol, trip, and kick their opponents, then avoid retaliation by slithering on the ground like serpents.by Master Postinha Some 400 years ago in Angola, on the west coast of Africa, a form of combat practiced by the natives was beginning to take shape in what we would today call a martial art. Four centuries later, thanks to a mutual tie with Portugal which Angola shares with Brazil, Capoeira is practiced in that South American nation. It is no longer the savage method of self-defense which origi- nated in the dark continent, however. And thereby hangs a tale. In the days of the great plantations, the owners took a dim view of the capability for mayhem which the natives possessed. Prac- titioners of Capoeira suffered great perse- cution at the hands of the owner-dominated police, In order to avoid this persecution, the Ca- poeristas began to camouflage their “sport” by turning it into a weird dance, consisting of pantomime, music, and dances. Capoeira ceased to be a matter of violence and death, and became an amusement. It beeame the custom to remark that “the natives are play ing Angola style.” Even the plantation foremen would ap- plaud the “performances” as the “players” ‘would jump, weave, gambol, trip, and kick their opponents, then avoid retaliation by slithering on the ground like serpents. So in spite of early difficulties, Capoeira caught on. Legendary names appeared — in- vineible fighters, men with flesh impenetra- ble by knife or bullet; men under eontract to the devil; men with charms against the most powerful of enemies; men who could liberate themselves from any kind of a trap. INSTRUMENTS OF CAPOEIRA The Berimbau (a kind of jews harp) can be divided into two types: The Berimbau de boca, and the Berimbau de barriga. The Berimbau de boca was used by the old An- golians, hence, it used to be said that it came originally from Angola. This, however, is contested by some students of the subject. It consists of a bow that tightens a cord of “timbo” (a kirld of vine). The resonating chamber is the mouth of the player. The cord is made to vibrate by striking it with a knife. ‘The Berimbau de barriga is the most usual type. It is formed by a piece of wood called “the pigeon” which maintains tension in a steel wire. The resonator is a small gourd at- tached to the wire by a string. The wire pro- duces a sound which is modulated by a cop- per coin, while the mouth of the gourd is placed at varying distances from the abdo- men of the player. The Berimbau has many quivering vibra- tions which are marvelously adapted to the reproduction in sound of the swaying of hips and the feline jumping of the Capoeiristas. Independently of this, it lends a melancholy note to the singing of “Lundus” which ac- company the movements of the game of Ca- poeira, According to Oneyda Alvarenga, the music of the Berimbau is a “force activating the energies of two combatants, and in such man- ner the music ties itself to the game so that the latter is entirely dependent upon it, and is regulated by it.” So, the ardor of the battle grows in accordance with the crescendo or ralentando of the music, ‘The other instrument which accompanied the evolution of the Capoeira is the cazisi. It consists of a round bamboo basket with dried seeds inside. The orifice is covered with dried gourd skin. It acts as an accompani- ment to the Berimbau. Each time the wire resounds, it is aecompanied by the rattle of the dried seeds. The third instrument which frequently ac- companies the game of Capoeira is the “reco- reco.” It is a large segment of bamboo, in which have been made innumerable lateral incisions for the escape of the air, which is caused to vibrate by a piece of eane which is seraped across the incisions in the side of the bamboo, thus producing the characteristic sounds. Finally, we must consider the Pandeiro. It is a regional instrument, used not only to ac- company the Capoeira, but also to mark the shaking rhythm of our sambas. Its shape is well known —the circle of quince wood, the goatskin top, and the jingles of Flemish tin. Certain societies of Capocira use agogé.As his opponent drops to the floor to avoid hix attack, Capoeira Master Vincente Ferreira Pastinka of Brazil ims kick, Stylized maneuner ie daneeléke in its execution TUNES OF THE BERIMBAU ‘The Berimbau is used by the accompa- nists of the Capoeira to produce definite and resolute tunes which modulate the rhythms of the game. The most important are the fol- lowing: Sao Bento Grande - the light game Sao Bento Pequeno - Samba of the Capoeira Banquela - The Knife Game - lively, animated Santa Maria - The Measured Game Ave Maria - The Capoeira Hymn Amazonas - The Middle Game Tuna -The Creeping Game From his defensive position, the 74-year-old Master Pastinha counterattacks. 24 Cavataria - A signal denouncing the proximity of strangers Angolinha Samba de Angola In view of what we tell, it is easy to under- stand the character of the game of Capoeira. At the sound of the music of Sao Bento Pe- queno the combat is transfigured into the clashing of the Samba. ‘The good masters of Capoeira, in order to give a demonstration of singular ability in this game, after blows and counterblows, much whirling in the space left by the tangle of arms and legs, end the battle without show- ing a single spot or stain on their Sunday clothes. The old masters, such as 1, are capable of similar feats. At my age, 74, I also perform. with my pupils, I would like to give exhibi- tions in any part of the world. As a Brazilian, am proud of this friendly country, which may wish to give me an op- portunity to exhibit myself and my pupils there, in order to show our American brothers the possibilities of a personal de- fense against an enemy — An adversary or several adversaries, without the necessity of using firearms or knives. On the contrary, the Capoeirista, meeting his adversary armed with a weapon, has the possibility by means of the lightness and quick- ness of Capoeira, to disarm his opponent by taking his weapon from him; or, if it is not possible to take the weapon, to vanquish him by tripping and throwing the armed adver- sary to the ground. Even though the Capoeirista may be phys- ically inferior to his opponent, a good Ca- poeirista has no fear of him, be he of superior physique, be he a younger man, or be he armed tooth and nail. Tn case it may not be possible for me to demonstrate Capoeira in America, I shall be proud if your people may have an opportun- ity to come to our land of Brazil — to live at Salvador-Bahia — to know intimately this game, this personal defense, which is the Capoeira, substituting well for any weapon, physical fore, or age, for self-defense.KENDO 1963 promotional meet of the Kendo Federation of United States held Sept 13, 1963 at the Pasadena Cultural Cen- Hall, 505 Cypress Ave, Pasadena, ‘alifarnia. The meet was held in con: Junction with the visit of the top ranking Kendo masters from Japan. “The promotion was held for the rank of 2nd. Degree (Nidan) and up; they are. a8 follows ‘2nd Degree (Nidan): Shugl Asari, Yorou- ichi Asari, Br. Vance Hall, G. Jones, Minoru Kusuya, Stormer, Norito Takamoto. ‘rd. Degree (Sanden): Michiro Mura kami, Tadashi Shima, Nobutsugu Tokuno. ‘Degree (Yodan): Sumua Kawashima, Sete Kibo, bat Morecsha ‘5th Degree (Godan): Saburo Akuni, Gene sth (Godan), Ren-shl: Tokuji Ma- aude, “Suiehi Obata, Tadashi Onami, Ho Kemimura, Susio Kawaguchi 66th Degree (Rokudan), Ren-shi: Tadao ‘Amamiya, Hisashi Higuchi, Haruo Ka- wa hara, Jihi Seams, Masemi Otsubo, “Masaharu ‘Shimoda, Yoshinobu Takeguchi, Larry Iwao ‘Yane moto, Dr. Gordan Warner. iyahara, 7th Degree (Shichidan): Hi Torataro Nakabara, Yulaka Kubota. BUN Degree (Huchidar). Hanstis Torso JUDO ‘Yudanshaksl (JBBF), Los Angeles, Call: fornia — Oct. 12, 1963, Seedan (Set sagioeh Os Hutches, Sn Shellin (1st degree): Jun Shimoji of Pasadena, Hiroshi Kuwabara of Sawte Terry Karmann of San Diego. Iidega (ist kyu}: T- Okimoto of Venice, Emie Imoto of Sen Fernando, Bill Jack son of ELA, Orrin Collier of San Diego. Nikyu (2nd yu): Jim Yonotake, Ger Bryan, Tadashi Kano, Bob Minami of Sawtelle; Ken Shimizu, Terry Kunihiro of Hetlywood: Patrick Smith, Katsuli Nerio, Mike” Smith, Gray Bromiafge of Orange This section is devoted entirely to promotion in ranks of the various organizations throughout the world. Any group or groups interested are requested to submit all promotion lists, preferably with group photos, properly identified with names and ranks, to: Editor, Black Belt Magazine, 1288 S. La Brea, Los Angeles 19, California. PROMOTIONS County: Hortiz Eamperio, Peter Alber of San Diego; Richard Keni, Kenneth Cool cof Jundokan; Robert Kuroda, Jack Duger of Scone, Ai Onare of Sos Sener KARATE, ‘All America Karate Federation, Los An- eles, Calif —Oct. 6, 1963. Shodan (Ist dé ‘Henry Kong. Sanya (Srd_ kyu): Harry ‘Rresse,, Frank Seu Bit Melons David Taeéshia, Toney cn yuh Ara Kadowakl, Ret ulikaw Gokyu (Sth kyu): Elaine Shinagawa. Bon- jamin Tabon, Lucing Martin, Bill White- law, Robert Towns, James Fawcett, Mar- James Aiki, Walter Bobers, wood} ‘Sanford Remington. of ‘Garena; f Long Beach Naval Sta ddim Osbor ton: and Bill Wagner. Renmei, Sen Gabriel, Calif, — Sept. 28, 1963. Godan (5th degree): Gene LeBel, Kiy. Jim ahi Sakimoto, Kenzo Nakawatase, Tokio Sancan (Grd degree): Ed Inouye, T. Nari: Nase (2a degree) Ben Smith, James Wedner, Robert Shodan (Ast degree) Fukumoto, Walter David, Jim Sondese, Bruce Brighton, J. Hagio. aku (13E kyu) Jack Wilson. INikyu (2nd lit Fukumoto. iy: Fred Zuftden, James Bh gs fn 2eggeg Vincent Hower steve 6 Shichiigu (7th kyu): Gerhard Gobier, Shoichi Yamamoto, Hugh Mangum, Don ‘ald Cass Jr, Rey Ochoa, Robert Ferral Brian Matravers, David All, John Saxon, Fred’ Hudgins, Roger Duerrstein, Ralph Norris, Raymond Fineda, Tom Miya, Le- land Sapiro, John Boyer: AIKIDO. ‘Tokyo Alki-kal Headquarters, Camp Zama, Japan. Boa eta Jo nese Cet dara, Fred “Yanogine ‘sere Bab fore ira Tshibaaht snd ana Kura, ec tat Vineet Pon ra Snes Mleuo Inedo sani Ged class, USS. Army Photo by SP'5 John W. Tuckish 25DOJO Nishiyama Heads All America Karate Federation By Bill Evans Los Angeles, Calif.—Master Hide. take Nishiyama has recently moved his Karate School to a new Los Angeles location. This new school will be the headquarters for the All American Karate Feder sering all of ‘North ‘America, jama is personally supervis- ing the entive federation. ‘Upon Nishiyama’s. movey Tou: tomu Oshima assumes the role of chief instructor of the California Karate Association at the farmer Add New Weapon to U.N. Ar Japanese Yewara shu Mainichi United Nations — Two types of stick fighting, one with a Japan- ete avon, have een added to the weaponry of the U. N. secu ganrd foros wich doe met onety Pistols. Clarifying a dese: new techniques. fu U.N. official, the security force instructor said one type with 30- inch long batons is modeled chief- ly on a aystem for erowd control used by the New York City Police Department. ‘The Japanese type of stick fighting is yawara named for the 26 Bulletin Board instruments used by the guards. This is a stick about eight long and six inches wide that makes them an effective punching Picked squads of the U.N. Se- curity Force of 176 recently com- pleted a year of training in sick I sis spall 1c trained by 2 New York Police Force expert _and by imported experts, have been learning to thrust, parry and club in sessions since the assembly"s resumed session ended Iast spring, ‘The men were also trained in flying wedge formations to break up street or plaza groups and to rotect notables — or any other participant that might find ‘himself under attack, Frank N. Begley, head of the ‘U. N. Buildings Service, said the batons are being issued ae stam lard equipment “when necessary” to gud. Gola Luau Sept. 7 - Gardena, € Iuau, sponsored by Aiki Kai, was a great success, and plans are underway for another in the future. Although only 150 tickets were sold in advane: 300 people showed up th ning. Authentic Hawai served; and provided by a group of H. dancers. ‘The proceeds will be sed 10 help, defray Master i Tobe (Sih degree), coming visit to the United States early next year. Loyola Unive ity Forms Karate Club Evans Los Angeles, Cafe Sudents at Loyola University of LA. have re- cently organized a Karate lub, consisting of some twenty-five members. Plans are underway to Champ Takes A Bride Sept. 1 -Los Angeles, Calif —AAU National Judo Champion, Kazuo Shinohara, Go-dan (5th degree), wedded lovely Margaret G, Ohara at the West L.A. Buddhist Church. Rey. Fumio Fujimura officiated the ceremony. a bs. Photo by Toye Miyatake Studio The bride, = school teacher, the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Mi toshi Ohara of West Los Angeles, and the groom, affiliated with American Honda Motors, is the eldest son of Hisao Shinohara of Ehime-ken, Japan,incorporate this club into the All ‘America, Karate Federation, thus enabli members to receive ine ter Nishiy: and also to participate in the Fed= cration’s tournaments. Instructor Bill Knittle stated: “With Judo champion Paul Maru- yama representing Loyola in the Olympics, interest in the Japan- ese sports has increased here on the eampus. We hope that in the near future, our team will win some championships also. ‘The way the students are progressing, Tfeel very confident that we will. Schools Trade Demonstrations Los Angeles — Two self-defense schools in the Los Angeles area traded demonsti Don Angier, an ex dare Yanagi Ryu Jiu-Jitsu, took some of his students to the Santa YMCA to put on an ex: ition of their style of self-de- fense. In return, Bill Randle, an school a few weeks in the tenets of his system. ‘They tried through their dem- onstrations to create belter under. standing and a closer link among the various Martial Aris. ‘They hope that other schools will fol- low their example, thus making the various arts better known and creating friendliness among the Japan Eyes Medals In Judo Tokyo — Of the 15 or so gold medals which Japan hopes to win in the 1964 Oiympic Games, four are expected in judo which hi been added to the official pro- gram for the feat time. Cabinet Minister Eisaku Sato, who has been designated Olympi affair minister in addition to his other posts, recently declared Ja- pan must win in judo “at any cost.” ‘As the birthplace of judo, Jap- anese judoists or judokas or judo players, whichever term you may use for this originally conceived art of selfalefense and character- building, should respond to Sato’s declaral Judo, Volleyball To Be Dr 68. Olympics jonal Olympic com- ry eliminated four sports from the 1968 Olympian ‘program, thereby reducing the List to the preseribed number of 18. Voted off the schedule were ju- do, archery, volleyball and hand- ball. Other sports under consider- ion for deletion were cycling and soccer. Out of 33 voting members pres: ent at the afternoon session, 37 were against judo, 33. against handball, 32 against archery and 25 ggainit volleyball. sing ie reporis by the organi committer of Innsbruck and. To: kyo, host cities for the 1964 Olympics, were heard and ac- cepted “with great satisfaction.” Judo, Volleyball Dropped From “68 Olympics Japanese sports offi- lay “were shocked and ed to hear that the committee had crased judo and volleyball from the official program of the 1968 Olympic Games. At Japan's request, judo and volleyball were added to the of: ficial program of the Tokyo Olym- pie Games next year. Japan hopes to win all gold medals in the four weight class- ifieations of judo and hoth gold medals in the men’s and women’s volleyball competition next year. Japanese entries won all four es im judo and the men and women captured the volleyball titles in the preOlympic Tokyo International Sports Week which ended Wednesday i Kang, president of the Japan Judo Federation, said irre spective of the 1.0.€. action, the federation will adhere to its pol- iey of staging world champion ships. “We will wait until judo is of ficially recognized by the 1.0.C. as a sport to he included in the Olympic program,” Kano said. ‘Yutaka Maeda, president of the Japan Volleyball Assn. said “I cannot believe that the L.0.C. has removed volleyball from the 1968 Olympic Games especially when a total of 118 countries are repre- sented in the International Vol- leyball Federation. “We have five years to go be- fore the 1968 Olympic Games and we intend to work on the 1 to have volleyball rei But there are those who fear thatthe Japanese again be 100 opti quite contrary to original concep- tions about judo, the coi will be divided into four dis two years ago that Anton Geesink, a Dutchman, had won the world judo championship by immobiliz- ing Japan’s pride, Koji Sone, was at first considered a mistake in cabling. It shocked the entire Jap- anese nation, Had it been. prewar Japan, there might have been harakiris (disembowelment jes) among higher-uy judo circles of the hum Members of the Japanese team which went to Paris were most confident. And they had reason to he so. In the first warld champion- ships held in Tokyo in 1956, the two Japanese representatives Yo- 0 Yoshimatsu, 7th dan, and 6th dan, easily ‘ed_-competitiors from 27 tions. Yoshimatsu defeated Gee= sink in'the semi-finals but lost to Natsui im the finals. In the second world champion- ships in Tokyo in 1958; Sone, Sth ‘won the coveted title by de- eating teammate, Akio Kamin- ‘aga, 4th dan, in the finals, Kimi- yoshi Yamashiki, 6th dan, of Jax pan won by a fall in 4 minutes 18 seconds over Geesink in the quar terfinals, Yamashiki was beaten by Kaminaga in the semi-finals, Although in the next two years, Geestnke trained consctentiously from time to time at the Kedo- kan, mecea of judo, members of the Japanese team ‘believed one of them would certainly be the Winner at the third world cham jionships at Paris, in December, ioe. But Geesink, the giant judoka from the Netherlands, was ready for them. He beat them all and emerged the surprise new world champion in juc Japanese had been considered (Continued on next page)DOJO vineible beeause of super nique. The leader of the Japanese team returned to Tokyo Interna- tional Airport and apologized to for failure to wr tech- ‘The question now i be a sceond Geesiak at the Tokyo is not expected to compete. He told the writer in Tokyo while he trained for the 1961 world championships at Paris that he did not think of competing in the Tokyo Olympic Games because his eligibility would probably be questioned. “I run a physical training school in Holland and T might be lasted as a professional in which ease I would not be eligible to par- the Olympic Games,” ik said at that time. Geesink finally convinced the Japanese judo experts that weight and size do count where the two ‘competitors are the equal in tech- For the Dutchman. ha ined 40 conscientiously as 10 succeed in mastering the intricate techniqu Att ‘ame time, some of the inese experts have shal fen their heads in resignation, «ay ing that today’s Japanese judoists ack the brilliant technique of for- mer judo greats, who won their matches with falls and not by de- stpeconeten hee Ba oes pigeon peemioghienr cd Hrosanwinoing fl matches dere Returning to Japan, the manager said, “We don't have to be wor- ried about Russian judokas Thirty top Japanese judoists shave been going through inten- euatas an me dee of Sl renuous training is will be iven during the pre-Olympic Steet in Tokyo, Oct. I-16. 28 Bulletin Board Jopan-U.5. Goodwill lai-do Exhibition By James M, Sleeper, USARJ-IO, Sports Writer. 8. Army Photograph (Japanese ewordfighal Exhibition and the 3th A tators and 300 participants. Spon- sored by the Matsuo Kempu dojo and_ co-sponsored by Kanagawa Prefecture, Yokohama City and Shimbun, the ex- ied a large variety of ancient Japanese arts and cere- Demonstrations of Aikido, Ka- rate, Judo, and Kendo were per- formed on the main floor of the Yokohama Cultural Gymnasium. Japan’s famous tea ceremony, Kenbu (a sword dance), Shibe (an ancient dance), flower ar- rangement, and Koto music took place on the stage, ‘The main attractions of the event were demonstrations of Fai (sword), Yari ( The spectators wer display of the Okin: Okinawa’ itary arts) Batto.jitsu (cutting power of word). the close o! in Prime Minister Hay president of the Zen-Nippon Renmei, awarded the Presi- Banner to Kiyoshi Wat nabe, Iaido 8th Degree (Hachi- dan)’ and the President's Cup went to Masao Uenodan, Iaido Kanagawa Prefecture presented a trophy to Joseph Cummins of the US. Army. Cummins is recognized in Japan as the foremost foreigner in the arts of Kabudlo. The Gov- ernor’s eups went to Hideo Taki, Islelo Gth Degree (Hachidan) and to a Karate master. Mayor of Yokohama City’s Cup was awarded to Yutaka Kaneda.BACK ISSUES OF BLACK BELT For those who missed our previ ous issues and who wish to com- plete their Black Belt Library, we ore pleased to announce that back copier are now available, Unfortunately, we are out of the 2nd issue. Send one dollar for each capy desired. This sum will cover handilng end mailing for each issue you may have missed, Please check the following: VOLUME ONE Ost Dard C4th 0 Sth Doth YOLUME TWO Os BLACK BELT, INC. 1288 South La Broa Ave Los Angoles, California 90019 Douglas A. Tanner displays the form of Tachi-Iai. Kamue Ichimura, 6th degree (Ro: demonstrate Muso-ryu_Jo-jitsus a Kkwdan) left, and Joseph Cum- method of quarterstafl fighting ins, 6th degree (Roku-an), inated in the Tokugawa’s era, U.S. Army personnel, from Camp ‘Tanner, Kazue Ichimura, 6th de- Zama, Japan, who participated in gree (Roku-dan), an employee the Iaido event, are left to right: ‘of USARJ Provost Marshal and John W. Tuckish I, Douglas A. Joseph Cummins, 6th degree, eleven officials and instructors making up the South aggregation for the annual North-South Judo Meet held on November 2 at South San Francisco High School board an Western Airlines plane at L. A. International Airport. Among the officials were: Director Shigeo Tashima, 6th Degree (Rokudan); Manager Kenneth Kuniynki, 6th Degrees Assistant. Manager Shag Okada, 41h Degrees and coaches, Sumiyoshi Nozaki, Sth Degree, and Henry Iriye, 5th Degree. Thirty-four Judo compeAIKIDO: basic technique ikatate-Tori Kokyu-Nage (\rimi Attacker seizes your left wrist wth his right hand. Keep your feft hand relaxed: if you keep it rigid, the attacker wil have a better grip and an advantage over you, Pour yaur “Ki” through your left hand and ffow it through your fingers which are pointed toward his back. Then lower your hips and move OUT left foot forward on the outside of attackers right fot; immediately followed by the right feot to break attacker's pos ture, Meantime move your right hand upward toward attacker's neck Pour your “i” vigorously and this will cause attacker to tilt his head slightly backward 30 Fig. 2. As atlacker loses his balance, lift your right lez and place it at the back of attacker. Your right hand, curling around atte’, shud then be pied toward the mat to complete the throw.Fig. 1. Attacker faces you directly and grabs your left wrist ‘with his right hand. You flow your ki (mind) toward and out of Your finger tips (insert photo A). From a teft hanmi pesition ‘You move your left foot forward slightly and. pivot clockwise ‘vith your hip. Automatically the palm of your hand will be facing up (insert Photo B). Step quickly forward with your left feot and heep moving in a clockwise circle. wrist and have its Hand A leads the “ki" of hand B by bending his directed exactly as Hand B. Katatetori Kakyunage (tenkan) Note: At all times you must have your ki flowing, otherwise the attacker wll not follow you. You must keep your ki forward as ‘you mave or you cannot lead the attacker. Once your ki stops, ‘ou wil find it quite oficut to keep it started again, Fig. 2. The attacker will keep holding your right wrist and_wil follow your mavement as long as you keep flowing your Ki. Then lower your hips by bending your knees and the attacker will Fig. 3. Suddenly lit yourself up as soon #5 you know the at: ‘tacker‘has caught up with you, move your left hand toward the attackers neck, and simultaneotsly move your left foot back of the attacker. Then loner your hip down as the attacker is faling backward Hond A points its fingers vpward in the same direc tions ef Hand B to leed the ki ef Hand B. 31TANG SOO DO FLIES HIGH AT MARCH AIR FORCE BASE The Moo Duk, Kwan, an international organization dedicated to the ancient art of KARATE from Seoul, Ko- rea, has made its mark in the 2 United States via a small hard core group of Karate enthusiasts known as the American Tang Soo Do As- sociation. By TSot. Ted Mayftetd Photos by SSgt. !vo Smith The largest group of Ameri- ean Tang Soo Do members is located at March Air Force Base, Riverside, California, headquarters of the Strategic Air Command's Fifteenth Air Force. The Southern California team is under the leadership of Airman First Class Carlos Norris, First Degree (sho- dan), who became interested in Karate while serving with the Air Foree in Korea in 1960. The American group was organized by Air Force Staff Sergeant Robert Thompson, Second Degree (ni-dan), and authenticated by Kwang Kee, President of the Interna- tional Moo Duk Kwan, in Oc- tober 1961. Today, amid the wind swept mountains of Colorado in Colorado Springs, the American Tang Soo Do Association maintains its or- ganization center. The spark of interest in Karate on March Air Force Base has been enthusiasti ‘The team now has approx’ mately 40 students ranging from White to Green Bits. Lieutenant General Archie J. Old, Jv, Commander of Fifteenth Air Foree and a member of the Karate team, was presented with an hon- orary First Degree (sho-dan) by th President of the Moo Duk Kwan, an extremely rare award, for his outstand- ing personal support and par- ticipation in physical fitness programs. The honorary award came as a most pleas-15th Air Force's Kicho Il Bu to Ba-sy with ability, speed and alertn and coordination of mind and body wins respect of its commanding officer. ant and welcome surprise to General Old, who said, “Since physical fitness is stressed in my comand, I have great re spect for Karate and those devoted to it.” Airman Norris has devel- oped an amazing professional polish in the March AFB team in the short time since its organization. During ex- hibitions the team performs every movement with split- second accuracy. Over 75 law enforcement officers form the Riverside City police, sheriff's depart- ment, and California High- way Patrol got a close look at Karateists in action re- cently when the March AFB team presented a demonstra- tion for the group. The officers, including Sheriff Joe Rice, watched the Tang Soo Do members per- form everything from Kicho Tl Bu (motion one) through the complicated Ba-sy (mo- tion nine). Almost unbeliev- ingly they followed every action unfolding before them as team members demon- strated Karate methods of taking clubs, guns, blades and bottles from a would-be aggressor. Boards and tiles were split asunder with hand and foot with effortless ease. ‘When the event came to a close team members were en- thusiastically singled out by the officers to answer ques- tions by the score on the appli- cation of Karate techniques. (Continued on page 55) Lt. Gen. Archie J. Old, Jr., Commander of 15th Air Foree, accepts a honorary 1st Degree (Shodan) in Karate from Airman First Clase Carlos Norris (left) and Sgt. Dalbert Bryan, members of the American Tang Soo Do Association at Marek Air Foree Base, California: Airman First Class Cart Bilis, Green Belt, punches and right chope tiro boards with’ such speed that camera catches both breaks, in thie body protection movement. Airman Pirst Class Carlos Norris, 1st Degree (Shodan), breaks the board with @ rownd kick «During my past year in Japan | ene joyed as many chanbara or samurai mation pictures as | could exam into my. busy se lowever, | was really quite surprised at the change that seems to be developing in ous films now being produced. The pact of the great change that was underway in the Japenere motion pie- ture world came quite forceably 40 the front with ' Teubaki Sa Hara Kir, Technically, as keng both have an excellent award winning individval story plot. Both smash hits for thote who want to live in a cold sweat before a blood bath. ‘Tho change which I noted with the preview screening of Hara Kiri was of course the stark realism prosant today. Tho chanbara mation picture has come cof age. The early nationalistic attempts uch 36 The lure of Feudal Japan with its unforgettable samurai still exist in the minds of many. Through the medium of chanbi relive and even project ourselves into the excitement and adventures of days gone by. ‘and cutting films the sword the audience with all of the thrills and hoops to i Bi ety hat now bacom: each motion 3 tout avery star for a specific role. Even ne hed a specific part cratly wanted to play in 2 record Chuhingura fin. That i how the story touches all Japanese. Thre hes woe doveoped fouy id of chanbars motion pictures. Two of the four will be discussed fully in this discussion. The bistorical samurai mo- ion pichire cannot be classified os a motion picture, nor famous ronin be word types of Films which are left, the musical chanbara and the mystieal-ehildish prattle would teom to To review leave much to be desi the musical and the cl one need only to think of the au which seems to pay for such outrage: ‘out space films. There is nothing what soever connected with the anclont hs torical past. The musical chanbara deos have place as an entertainment medi ‘One of the very best examples a stor period. stories about thom and their songs moke one have 2 feeling for their dif. ficult life, The the of the gamblers during the Edo There were many famous a specific sword techniquein the bad man versus the goed man gambler plots. The western audience fhas had little information so that they ean distinguish between the samurai and th ‘After all they do woar swords in the samo way to the Untrained eye or the novice of a chan- bara motion picture, It It interesting to note th: kengek) oF swor recent gamblor motion pictures hi changed for the better. Yet, one is ough not within the printed page, which was adh to by almost overyene. Thess st are about Feud: ture of the soci in some films which woul to a good course in Japanese history. Hf Japan is interested in educating By Dr. Garden Warmer , How to enjoy a SAMURAI motion pieture jouth there is an excellent medium available and with an historical bact- ground ready made. The gambler chanbora could bo yflined fe. show that perhaps the bad can sloop wel, but the good sleep and live. much happier and better. One need only to observe the youth of America who first find. out “about eowbay films. From that moment onward for many fost draw of the good will win over the bad. So will the skill with the long sword in the hands of the good win over the bad. But the ism brought 2 thelr beg cently has entered the American film. The good suffer too and even die, Thi Philosophy was withheld by American producers who believed that the ‘American desired to see the good rise over the bad without a seratch — ever did the good fallow dio in tho It is regrettable that the Japanese motion picture industry is apparently not interested in topping its vast re- souree of potential thoator patrons, tho children and senior citizens. Through ‘the use of good techniques which are avaiable the stray could be mado for_the children end not too tdiftish. The interest would be thore for the grandparents who ike te lve ihe past. Both could be drawn inte the theater because of 2 desire fo be entertained and not bored by foolish even utterly stupid movements bofore thai intelligant” eyes. In 2 recently advertisod "samurai film" the actors took 4o swings in a park singing about the moon coming ‘over the mountains! It was sickening! Evan the ‘wo small children sitting 37Director Kurosawa instructs riders on movie set, “The Hidden Fortress” Toshiro Mifune practices his sicord form meticulously in order to give realistic and authentic portrayal of a samurai era. Suck practice resulted in a Lightening and yet suspensful climax for Toko's 38 Yofimbo”. next to me with their grand asked if they could go fer a bag of popcom because the picture “isn't goad, grands. Japanese motion picture pro- ducer must realize that it hes been batieally this point, a trus and proven fact, that has driven the Americ audience out of the theator. The ith on ounce of pride in motion pictures who does not weep when they seo the vast number of empty motion: picture theaters i ‘America and realize that they 0 being added to everyday. A motion ure must be a challenge to the When tha patron begins to that he is a: intelligent os the brightest in the picture, then the story is lest and a0 ig the theater Now is the tn for the epanace motion picture industry to Anal abtdopriia i. 8e bloc of Japanese youth and the interest of foreign audiences. Ask anyone in South America why Tsubali Sanjro and Heri were quickly booked when the first preview ended. The answer is elementary, Both of the pictures mado the audience (1) think and live with the hero in his part, (2) feel thet what they saw was real, (3) return home tired yet layed up te an awake ening of the world around themselves. Japanese motion picture critics, who are well aware of what has hap- pened to the world motion ‘picture wall asthe death of writing for years, the foolish Ame lence is meda up of peo- ith the minds of little childron, 50 give them 2 child's view of the is approach now appears to be entering the fms oF Japan te some degree. What a great tragedy if this continues throughout the Japanese mation picture indus, salt? ation picture ‘has @ responsi lity to teach a moral concept in teed oP at foi, The soto oh hava. a moral responsibility to. bring out the whole part of mankind. The newest books on Japanese shelf today such as "Sengokoi, Buke jiten", "Ede Sekatsu jiten"’ end "Nippon Buge Sho- den" give the readers fe insight info the feudal experiences of the people, the sociely and the nation, It is this responsibility that the Jap- anese etities have boon mus many of their reviews. The film has: @ responsibility to teach some facet of Japanese history to the people. Of course, realism has its. place in, the film. Thore alo must be an sthicalsppreach to the cmar af tho sory, span haz a. proud past during Foudai Himes ond it is good tha? should be brought out so that the youth of Japan may attach their hopes to solid foundation and be proud that they are Japanes ‘Tha modrn, theater audionce is living near the life and death world of true realism. The in about such fr ands, The medium of the m ro matter what the plot of story may convey, must give benea all of the coating a solid theme of # loyalty, goodness, the unde that comes from_apprect humanism of life. The horo should in the form of a symbol which the oudi- ence can understand and appre hin their own experience, N person really enjoys paying earn for “something him something ing fooled on the surface, is beneath flow of life in the story. In even the poorest mutieal, a weak story of a gambler, a sordid samurai story, there must always be some lina of Bushido, a way or ethics of life, running through the ontire film, Youth can be impressed with the manners, effectively brought out in ‘their full manifestation, as a grace or 1 thing of beauty. Manly, yet gentle have a real meaning for the term “habitual deportment” which is always shouted to children. The action can be understood no matter how trite some life experionce of each character un- folds on the screen, There it much more to. 2. feudal n just the extracting of = ory from "Ge Rio Sho" which has @ ep philosophy entwined world of the samurai_or the of Japanese foltlore. Ther ‘and white print of "Satome ‘which still poaches on Yot enjoying the very real th struggle of the story has long jeyment with young id old. There i much that can be film. The cut with the long sword. The fsuba (the guard on the hilt of the sword) is not choked by the right hand fo draw the realism in the film, yor itis 38 if 6 were in the world of "Momatare San". A sword play Begin in Shockiku’s served for w-samurai to redeem himself through suicide Shochi's Tetsuro Tanb stars ex a ronin (a masterless samurai) Harakiri” Ya holder of ord Degree, Harakiri tsa privilege re Sandan, in self-embawelment) Kendo)Akira Krerosava, world famous Japa nese director, is shown giving direc tions for the death seene with arrows in Toho Productions “The Throne of Blood”, a Jupanese version of Shakespeare's’ “MaeBeth". His the life and death philosophy of the people thet is clearly and dra- matically drawn out in the old motion has lost ale features of the firing film it would plot of the old story which was proven to be a hit, been woven into the new which ap- in color and good sound track. ‘Ona of the most ridiculous changes ‘that have roared into the new samurai films is the modern jazz or hillbily snusie as background. This it one of the most contemptable additions and insults on Japanese and western sonses. Not less than five recent samurai films have driven the audionce away be- cause of the graat contrast between @ chanbera picture and the background music — of all things a jazz band! With all of the rich classical music there is really litle noed to add jazz ‘to a foudel period. Why nat develop ‘the kote (harp). shakuhachi (flute made ‘of bamboo), and the shamis stringed ‘nsirument) 10 go along ith ring Japanese culture to the vyouth of Japan than that of a foreign 40 Kobayashi, one of the top directors with Shackiku is shown on location. thet has no national music, of iis own? Develop a pride in the bis eal feudal times of Japan. There inspiring greatness that can be obtained through the materials on Japanese tistorical events. It is the ity of the writers and dusity to: develop wi ness of Japanese youth the a love for things Japanese, As isolated case of Toshiro Mi that he be allowed to "Shilo" or "ive" bl he replied, | were really alive and in the foudal time of the part that Iam playing in a real life and death strug- gle." His remark conveys the deep respact that this man has for the foudal ports he plays. Therefore, it is the responsibily of the Japanese motion picture industry fo, develop fim, which will teach moral story to the Japenese public. There is no other medium whieh can roach so many people in the world with color, the sound, and the realism ‘of visual and sense appraciation. The ‘greatest educators of the ancient and modem world have realized thet some moans would have to be developed to teach ll of the children the history of their own culture in an interesting manner. Today, through the innocent chanbara films’ of the life of ancientDoes Meditation Contribute to The Development Of The Mind (Ki)? Master Koichi Tohef (9th degree) demonstrates the proper way to do meditation in Aikido. MEDITA- TION IN AIKIDO All new born babies utilize their abdomens or diaphragms for breathing during the first three months; automatically convert to rib or chest breathing as they mature. No one seems to un- derstand the cause or reason for this transition. But the followers of Aikido, Zen, and Yoga be- lieve that diaphragm’s breathing is the proper way man should breathe. Deep or controlled breathing should not be confused with meditation. Deep breathing ex- excise which is getting more and more attention in United States as a tonic to tension is not new. Singers have been applying it for years. The ex- ercise begins by exhaling very slowly through your mouth. This exhalation is not like blowing a balloon, but instead like clearing your throat Inhalation is through your nose very slowly. The passage of the air is through your nose and through your throat, You must feel a slight ten- sion in your throat as the air is sucked in. There is a slight two or three seconds pause after each exhalation and inhalation, Tf you are a beginner, do the exercise at a count of eight for both exhaling and inhaling. As you progress the count can be increased to ten, 12, 15, and so forth. In the beginning fifteen minutes a day is sufficient. Eventually as you be- come accustomed to this method of respiration, you can gradually extend your exercises, The best posture is sitting, but you can also do it ly- ing or standing. Whatever position you select, remember to keep your back straight. If you are doing it properly, you will notice that only your abdomen is moving. ‘Meditation, as we practice it today, is normally lowering our heads, closing our eyes, and whis- pering thanks or forgivencss to the Almighty. In Zen meditation is to sit motionless for hours with your eyes closed, legs crossed, and your mind in deep thought. In case you lose control of your thought, you can always depend on im- mediate help from the Zen priest. He will tap your shoulder gently with a wooden staff this action is supposed to aid you to regain your thought from wandering. 4me ft Begin the exercise by exhaling slowly through your mouth. Keep your back erect and focus your mind on the one-point, There are various approaches to meditations. Each clairvoyant school has its own method of practicing them. Some like Yoga and Aikido apply profound concentration with controlled respiration (as described above). Although both lize the same method, their objectives in focusing their thoughts are widely apart. In Aikido the thought is always on the one-point below the navel (Seika-no-itten). In Yoga the focus of concentration varies among the schools. One school may emphasize at a point on their forcheads; another may be on an image of a dead person — in an attempt to make contact; and still another, image of a place or person living ina remote arca, In Aikido, as you practice inhaling and exhal- ing, your mind or thought must continuously be seems to ul a2 After you have exhaled all the air out, stop for a few second before starting on the inhalation centered at the one-point, In the beginning your thought will tend to wander. You can help pre- vent this by putting slight pressure at the point with your thumb, Although you will find it most favorable to meditate in a sitting position in an empty room, it can also be performed standing or walking, Meditation dull for ha work anid you must really self-discipline yourself if you are to suc- ceed. Although you can learn to do it yourself, you will find it easier and more enjoyable to Jearn it in a group, By self-training you will have the tendency to procrastinate and shorten the exercise, In group participation this tendency is eliminated. A leader can be chosen, Each partici- pant follows his command. As he claps his hands, everyone exhales; as he claps his hands again,Inhalation should be done stowty through the nose. Your thoeght still foewsing on the one point, everyone inhales. Naturally, the claps between breathing should be at a count of eight or more, As the participants become adapted to this way of meditation, the leader can extend his counts and prolong the exercises. Meditation plays an important role in the de- velopment of your mind(ki). One student com- mented: “after I had practiced Aikido for six months, I started a rigid program of meditation. Every evening after dark, I would sit in the back- yard and meditate, In the outset for about fifteen minutes a day, and as the months passed by, I would gradually increase it to twenty, thirty, until I was doing it for forty-five minutes, It didn’t take long before I was able to pit my ki against the more experienced Aikidoists.” Stop for a few seconds after sucking in ax much air ‘ag you corld into your diaphragm. Then repeat the procedure all over again. “But I encountered one problem”, he con- tinued, “When I first started on the program, it was during the summer so the neighbors thought T was out on my lawn to refresh myself. But when winter came around, the temperature dropped to the low 40s, and I continued meditating only in my shorts. It wasn’t long before they quit speaking to me and thought that I was some kind of a nut.” A word of caution to the ambitious: don’t force yourself in doing the respiration, Some over- zealous Aikidoists learned their lessons the tough way. They thought they can inerease their power rapidly by exhaling vigorously. After a few times of this, they inflicted themselves with piles (hem- orrhoids).KARATE RISING BLOCK (Age-uke) Fig. ONE iN Raise your left arm to the height of your forehead in front of the body. Remember to keep shoulders level at all times. Ny .\ Swing the right arm upward keeping it close in to the body. Bring the right hand to a po- sition about three inches, slightly above and in front of your forehead, Fig. THREE “4 \ \\ As the right arm is raised with elbow about 90° to block, lower your left arm and re- tract it to the side. Fig. TWO we fs As the block is made, counter with your left hand to your opponent's body or prepare for another block. Maintain correct distance from your opponent at all times.=; bat So Fir, ONE The defender (r) assumes an Openleg”_* Stance (Hachiji-dachi) in preparation for attack. From this posture one can change to any stance required immediately. The attacker assumes a Forward Stance (Zenkutsu-dachi) and is ready to attack with a Lunge Punch (i-zuki). KARATE USE OF THE RISING BLOCK (AGE-UKE) DURING SPARRING (KUMITE): Fig. TWO As the attacker lunges forward, the defender must move one step back; at the same time he must apply the Rising Block. (The Rising Block techni- que has been illustrated in this issue), Remember: maintain your balance at all times. It is also very important to maintain a correct distance between yourself and your opponent during back step or counterattack, Fig. THREE The defender counterattacks with a Reverse Punch to his opponent's solar plexus, Grabbing the attacker's arm of pushing, the defender can catily row hi opponent off balance. 45GOODWILL TOUR BY THE FENCING MASTERS OF JAPAN Five of Japan's top Kendo masters arrived in San Francisco on last September 8th via Japan Air Lines for a good-will Kendo exhibi- tion tour of the United States and South America. The group was sponsored by the All-Japan Kendo Federation with headquarters in Tokyo, The purpose of such tour was to stimulate interest in Kendo as well as to publicize the forthcoming 1964 Olympic Games which will be held in Tokyo this October. The leader of the Kendo masters was Yuji Casa of Kyushu. Master Oasa, who is 76 years of age and regarded as the pace setter for the younger members of the group, is one of the four living 10th Degree (Judan) Kendo masters of Japan. His superb demonstration of fenc- ing skill and perfect defense techniques won him the enthusiastic acclaim and admiration of both the participants and spectators. Exhibitions of other martial arts were per: formed by other members of the group. Taka: shi Ozawa, Sth Degree (Kudan), exhibited flawless skill in his lai performance (the draw- ing and returning of the sword to the scab- 46ee a Penal won a 7 sis Sie bard). Teinosuke Masuda, 8th Degree (Hachi- dan) demonstrated the Shindo Muso Ryu Jo- Jitsu with the assistance of Torao Mori, 8th Degree (Hachidan) and technical advisor of BLACK BELT. Techniques with the staves and poles (Bo- jutsu) and other forms of Kendo katas were also on the programs. Each match and demon- stration not only provided the beginners as well as to the spectators in Kendo a better insight on this exhilarating sport but they were highly educational and stimulating. However, it is regrettable that such an out- standing cultural program received so little publicity or advance notices. It is a pity that more persons could not have been present to witness these perfectionists as they displayed skills unseen outside of Japan. We of the BLACK BELT hope that such cultural ex- changes will increase in the future for through such exchanges spread of the martial arts and sports can be realized, MASTER NAGITO TOSHIOKA, 7th Degree (Shicbidan), Kyoshi, 28 born in Kegawe-en, Shitoku, om ‘uly 9, 1514. He graduated from Mell University, Tokyo, where he later returned to becoma the bead coach of Its Kendo team, In. 1956 and 1962 his teams won the Al-Japan Un versity Stodent's Kendo Federation Ghamplonshp. Master Toshioke is a tember to the Stat of Al-lapan Kendo Federation. He Is the president and founder of the Siemon Leather Cormpany in Tokyo a7INASTER JUIN OASA, 10th Degree (ludan), born In Kumamate-en, Kyushu, Japan on January 20, 1687, Is one of the four living top hendoist In Japan. In 1850 he Bu the Reide Doja at Matsubarasmacni, Saga City, ys, Japan, He is a commities member of the Al-Japan Kento Fed alin’ as wel as being the president of the Sage tea Reado Federation, He is 9 consuitant for one of the largest cosmetics company En Japan. ASTER TAKASHI GZAWA, 9th Degree (Kudsn), was born in Satama-ten, Honshu, Japan on August 31. 1900, He graduated trom the present ‘Togs airy of Eerton. in 181 Maser Orowa became rtessr ‘at the National Police Academy. He is & committee member of Tendo Federation and sso. holds the fice of the pendency inthe ‘Saltama Kendo Federation. He also holds 2 high degrae in lai (craning and returning of the sword) 48 ASTER TEINOSUKE MASUDA, 8th Degree (Hachidan), Hanshi, was born In Tokyo on Feb. 16, 1901, Im 1925 the President of the Kodeasha Pub: Tshing Company, Sei Noma, appointed him as a Kendo teacher of the company’s doja. Master Masuda won the Emperor's Match Cup in 1940. He is a member of the Al-Japan Kendo Federation. An outstanding Teacher of Kendo kata, bo:jtsu and other forms of the mari arts, hei presently the Kendo instructor atthe Paley Headquarters in Toly. MASTER TOSHIO WATANABE, 8th Degree (Hachidan, Ryosh, was horn in Fuhayasu gen, Hioshima, Honshu, he is SL yeues of age AS the Executive Secretary of tbe Ait-lapsn Kendo Federation, his schedule takes him all ‘ver Japan, He is one of the best informed men on Master Watanabe gradu constantly making, matches to discuss theTOURNAMENTS’ RESULTS: ALL AMERICAN KARATE TOURNAMENT The State Championship for the 3rd All-American Karate Tournament was sponsored by the Karate Association of Hawaii on October 27th. The meet held in Honolulu had U. $. Senator Daniel K, Inouye es President of the fournoment with Governor Burns and the Japanese Consulate Gen- eral Kenzo Yoshida as advisors. (Pictured above, | to r] Masataka Mori, the Chairman of the Tournament and Chief Instructor of Karate Assn. of Hawaii; Yasu Uyehara, Ist Degree (Shodan), who won the Ist place in Sparring (Kumite|: Thomas Morikawa, Ist Degree (Shodan), who captured the Ist place in Kata (Form); and Hidetaka Nishiyama, the Chief Judge of the Tournament and President of the All-American Karate Federation. SECOND ANNUAL NATIONAL COLLEGIATE JUDO CHAMPIONSHIPS, ITHACA, N.Y. 135-Pound Class: Ist place- Al Okamoto, Sen Jose State; 2nd - David Colon, University of Puerto Rico: 3rd - Lucius Bernard: West Point. 150-Pound Class: Ist place - Lee Parr, San Jose State; 2nd - Hitoshi Ta- naka, ‘Columbia University: 3rd - Peter Goldreich, Cor- nell, 165-Pound Class: Ist place -Kay Yamasaki, Sen Jose State; 2nd - Wik liam Coleman, U.S. Air Force Academy: 3rd - Joe Ozaki, Columbia. 180-Pound Class: Ist place -*Dave Sawyer, San Jose State: 2nd -Tru- man Young, U.S. Air Force Academy; 3rd - Eric Hit- finger, Ohio State Unive 195-Pound Class: Ist place -Gary Newauist, San Jose State: 2nd - Al bert Plt US Air Force Academy: 3rd = Jerry Sar- Unlimited Heavyweight Class: Ist place - Allan Schmidt, Cornell: 2nd - Marlowe Ubl, Ohio State University; 3rd - Jim Marko- witz, Dartmouth College. *Dave Sawyer also took the individual championship. Team Standings: Ist place- San Jose State (50 pts), 2nd - Comell Uni- versity (25 pts}, 3rd - U.S. Air Force Academy (24 pts}, 4th- Ohio State University (13. pts), 5th - Columbia University and West Point (12 pts each), 7th- Univer- sity of Puerto Rico (8 pts}, 8th - Dartmouth College and Cornell College of Agriculture (5 pts each), 10th - Princeton University. JUDO TOURNAMENT OF THE PASADENA JAPANESE CULTURAL INSTITUTE, PASADENA, CALIF, Black Belt Division's winner: R. Mathiase of Sawtelle, White and Brown Belt Division: Ist place -S. Motokawa of Sun Valley: 2rd F Kyle of Lakewood Y.; 3rd-H. Sagara of San ernando, Shonen Competition: Ist place - M, Kane of Oaden; 2nd -R. Yothitomi of Seinan; 3rd - K. Okada of Orange County: 4th - H. Kiyomura of Pasadena; and 5th-H. Sato of Long Beach. Yonen Competition: |st place - H. Hashimoto of Pasadena: 2nd - S. Ya- suda of East Los Angeles: 3rd - R. Isa of ELA: 4th- G. Espinosa of Orange County: 5th-J. Sato of Long Beach.eR ea NE. Aerial view of one of North American Aviation's See eee) Oa ee Puree se eee eer artes Rc ee Eee ae er Le OMe eee ea courts, golf course, and softball diamonds. Center See ee ke Le A funny thing is happening to helped, among other things, to ized for both men and women, gman and contribute to the eurrent boom in and dren of employees woman on thei home from the martial arts re invited to take part ‘ork these days. A good many At North American Av The organized company rec- f arriving home by erospace firm with headqua tion which has made this pos- inded det ters in An n0 sible is of relatively recent origin. less than four recreation centers Before the turn of the century, othing to do {in use to serve the company's e wasn’t much need for facili- ing men and women are stopping employees scattered through to help make profitable use in at a company-sponsored recre awling Southland. sure time, There simply ation A wasn't enough le time to of free fi ¥ . bodybuild- A 12-hour day, nor- that : and weightlifting gear. And week, left the penny. elsev they provide a perfeet baekdror ih little desir Included in these facili © for an excursion into the martial ything more than eating a growing number of equipped gyms whieh ha Times have changed. With the the American workicoming of the 40-hour work week, employees and their families have become gradually accustomed to a large amount of leisure time. Even allowing for such week-to- week chores as washing to fam- fly car and keeping the lawn manicured, a sizeable number of evening and week-end hours re- main to be used. At North American Aviation, the organized program to imple ment the philosophy of industrial recreation dates back a quarter century. Informality was the key- note of these beginnings. A few employees got together to bow! after work, to play softball on a Sunday afternoon. During the years that followed, the scope of reereational activities in which employees and their families took part broadened to embrace a tremendous variety. ‘With the rapid population ex- pansion which took place in the Los Angeles area following World War IT, the shortage of commu- nity recreation facilities available became increasingly apparent. In 1947, North American inaugue rated a building program which is still in progress. At present, four separate centers encompass- ing approximately 50 acres serve the employees of the company’s Southern California divisions. ‘At its plant in Columbus, Ohio employees have the use of a 67- acre site near the Columbus Mu- nicipal Airport, In addition, 87 acres of land near North Ameri- can’s Neosho, Missouri, plant have been developed for employee use, North American Aviation’s recreation program offers to the émployee and his family an op- portunity for enjoyable, satisty- ing, and constructive use of lei- sure time. This is the basic philosophy of the company’s pro- gram, and because this is so, it is the employees themselves wha decide what activities should be included. Planning and operation of most Only as @ small cog ing gigantic recreational program, Judo is causing more than just bumps and thumps at this huge areospace center. Spectators are amused and amazed at the fast action and agressivencss of the contestants during a Judo mateh 51Tom Owens, 8rd Class (Sankyu} breaks a Shoulder Throw (Seoi-nage) by his opponent. Douglas Hall of Luke Tactical AFB referees the match. activities is handled by those tak- ing part. The athletic groups, such as bowling, softball, golf, and Judo, write their own rules of participation. The clubs have their own constitutions and by- laws and elect officers to govern club activities. In a sport such as Judo, where little if any emphasis is placed on size weight, or brute strength, it is only natural that participa- tion should include youngsters as well as adults. What is the drawing card? Recreation officials look at it this way. “Most people come to the classes with the sole intention of learning self-defense. It doesn’t take long, however, before they become interested in the competi- tive aspect of the sport. For chil- dren, Judo develops self-confi- dence and coordination. Men and women look to it for exercise and emotional release,” Compared with golf or tennis, the sport requires a relatively modest cash outlay, $15 for a white cotton Judo suit, a few more dollars for instruction books and the new Judo buff is in busi- ness. From there on out, the lumps and bruises which go with the sport can be acquired at vir- tually no cost at one of the com- pany’s recreation centers. Even the spectator aspeets of the sport are drawing more and more interest. Tournaments held by the company's Judo clubs have been drawing well, and current plans are to hold a lot more of them. “Once you begin to find out what it’s all about,” a Judo fan will tell you, “the sport has a lot of suspense and drama, It’s hard to turn your head away when you know that it only takes a split second to get thrown on your head!"During a demonstration at the recent Ni riament held at its Downey “Ippon” point is scored with an Thigh Throw (Uchimata)GET ONE TODAY! A SUBSCRIPTION TO: BLACK BELT MAGAZINE THE MAGAZINE OF THE MARTIAL ARTS SUBSCRIPTION RATES VYEAR us. $300 CANADA $4.00 FOREIGN $400 2 YEARS $550 $750 $11.00 ‘CLIP HANDY COUPON AND MAIL TODAY TO: BLAGK BELT SUBSCRIPTIONS MORE LETTERS Seotinved om Pegs 7 POLICE REGISTRATION? I am one of the subscribers to your magazine and find the editoria section, in some instances very help- ful. There is a question or saying that comes up once in awhile that I hhave not been able to find the answer to. At least some of the inguiries that I have mailed out have remained unanswered. The question that needs to be answered is this: Does one that become proficient in Judo and Karate have to register with the Police Departments? T think this is an undue restraint upon one’s free= doms unless of course he has a palice record and the town, city or what- have-vou requires a registration un- der the police powers of the partieu- lar body involved, A prompt answer to the above inquire will be greatly appreciated, Frank Fullerton, Judo Instructor, Texas Western College and Karate Instruetor, Ft. Bliss, Texas 1288 South La Brea Ave. Los Angeles, California 90019 NAME ‘ADDRESS. cy. 1 wosld The my vabscripion fo srk Velma (Yes, we agree...é would be an undue restraint upon one's freedom if devotees of the martial arte had (o register, Black belt karateixts in Japan were required to register with Yhe police in the past; however, such practices his become obsolete, In the USA, ax far as we know, there i no regulation on registration. But, if one whether he’s a kavateist or nob wens to assault someone, he woutd de thrown in jeil. However, this és highty improbadte since a good knra- teist or judoist would never ... Ed.) OKAZAKI, A LOMILOMI Your magazine has improved im- mensely with the current number (Blareh-April, 1963) and you are to be congratulated upon its improve: ment. The language, too, is improved and not “Oriental sounding” as in previous numbers. The article on Prof. Henry 8. Okazaki was especially enjoyed as he was very well known to this writer for many years, and Mr. Morris, author, is to be ommended upon the exeellent biography. But one statement is in error where he observed that “Lo: waiian massage using the feet.” Lomilomi is something like the Tapanese onma and it utilised not nly feet (at Mr. Morris would have us believe), Dut also hands, fingers, elbows. This writer was trained in the feet manipulation by his mother, hhut it was not the only part of the anatomy used. In fact, the hands were the most important. ‘Too, Mr. Morris should have men tioned that Sensei-san (Prof. Oka- taki) wrote a hook entitled SELF DEFENSE FOR WOMEN AND GIRLS in 1920 while he was on Maui. T have always hoped thata complete biography of the Professor would be compiled one day and T have long Kept a file on him. It may interest you to know that he treated Governor Burns’ wife when she de came paralyzed and they, in grati- ude, named their son SEISHIRO after the Professor. If you will send 4 copy to Gov. John H. Burns, Iolani Palace, Honolulu, and point out the story by Mr. Morris, T think that Governor Burns would appreciate it. You can say that it was sent to him at my suggestion as he isa friend. ‘Sincerely and aloha, Charles Kenn Honolulu, HawaiiSE KARATE KENPO DOJO A combined system utilizing the lineal fechnique of hard syle Karte. with the Grevler pplication of Kendo. and. King "american Korete Federation BLACK BELT DIRECTORY faay tater, Sree ME S27 Advertsing rate is $3000 for 6 consecutive ads. Payment Must Accompany Copy. Send all material to Advertising Dept. é/o Black Belt, Inc, 1288 S. La Brea, Los Angeles, California. Pome ears AIKIDO Ju JITSU California Aiki Kai Wilshire Jiu Jitsu Dojo ‘8910 Venice Blvd, Shidare Yanagi Ryo Jonly_ $5.00 cash, check ™- ‘Oriental Bosk ‘sles Los Angeles, California 1932 West Seventh Street frobox 183. Oakland A calif. Head Instr: Isao Takahashi Los Angeles $7, California $e 838-7557 Phone: HU 38162 (Continued trom page 3) KARATE ., . . Kenpo Karate Ase. Of Aneriaa ——— Sheriff Rice was impressed Pres: Ed Parker with the performance and Afiliated Members: Ghicago Judo and stated that Karate seemed to 11179 Santa Monica Blvd. Karate Center have a great potential in W, Los Angeles 25, Calif. 7902 S, Ashland Ave, v Phone: GR 89123 Chicago 20, I poliee foree use. He asked ee Bl Tastes G- Wyk that a study be started to ey etc and J. Keehan * “ Los Angeles, Gs TR 3-1243-44 determine the merit of phas- Phone: 750-3030 ibe R Rare sear 305 W.20d Street with the regular training at Pomona, Calif, cada Folenion of Kame the Sheriff's Training Center Exons: NALZ OUD ‘An Affliate of Japan Karate in Riverside, California. 1713 E, Walnut St Assocation ir! ris stresset e Pasadena, Calif. ¢/o Mt. Aty Anastasiadis Airman Norris stressed the Pasadena, Cali. c/o Me, Ary As major benefits of this ancient Fee eon 9, 20, art of self-defense. They in- 44 Base Bch South Montreal, Canada alude confidence of ability, Pheetaee Eom speed and alertness and co- Tnstes Mills Crenshaw Tee), Bronson Ave ordination of mind and body. Cee. ; t 2733 Riverside Blvd. , The ultimate aim of the Sacramento, California Toronto Karate Dojo Karate art, according to the Phone: 469517 1778 Jane Stet American Tang Soo Do, lies instr acy ‘Weston, Onsario not in vietory or defeat, but 1136 Valencia Cental Dojo i fect ae ; cy in the perfection of character fan Francioo, Calf Montreal, Ouebec of the participants. See aE a ss Gichia Karate Dojo 57 Se, Raymond Subseribe to ‘ Wrightvill, FQ 1422 Ocean Ave, San Francisco, Calif, Hakudokan Karate Dojo 387 Fairmount Montreal, Quebec ———<< ‘American Karate Foundation “Academy of Karate Kung-fu | Director: Jerry Packard 5440 Hollywood Blvd. 5077 Venice Blvd. Hollywood, Calif. Los Angeles, Calif, Phone: 463-0422 WE 6.2272" WE §.7740 BLACK BELT CLASSIFIED ADVERTISEMENT:BLACK BELT BOOK OF THE MONTH ‘ Dr. Phillip J. Rasch first became interested in Judo while a student at Fullerton District Junior College. He trained at Smeltzer dojo under the instruction of Yaju Yamada. After his service as a Lt. Commander in the Pacific, Rasch earned his Ph.D. in physical education at the University of Southern California. Dr. Rasch, a Director of the Biokinctics Re- search Lab at the California College of Medicine, has published numerous articles and books on the physiological and psychological aspects of exercise. He is a member of the Board of Trustees of the American College of Sports Medicine and the Research Council of the American Associa- tion for Health, Phys. Ed., Recreation. He is the Book Review and Abstracts Editor for the Jour= nal of the Association for Physical and Mental Rehabilitation. Donn F, Draeger, whose contributions to Strength and Health will be recalled by many of our readers, and Masatoshi Nakayama, Chief Instructor of the Japan Karate Association, have here combined their talents to present a deseri tion of the basic moves of Karate for the man without time to practice the more elaborate tech- ques set forth in Nishiyama’s definitive text. For the student trying to learn the elements of the art without the aid of an instructor this is probably the most practical manual now available, There is some question in the reviewer's mind whether readers will continue to peruse the several pages 56 By Dr. Phillip J. Rasch headed “Essential Points” once they find they are identical, but certainly, no one can disagree with the effort to re-inforce the importance of the fundamentals. A particularly good feature is the stress and instruction in proper footwork and balance, ‘The book is profusely illustrated, In spite of the faet it is written for the man who has little time available for practice, the authors warn that personal combat is a risky business best avoided. ‘The reader can have confidence in his ability to use these techniques only if he has practiced them until they have become automatic re- sponses. This is a point which is well taken and which is usually overlooked by the over-enthusi- astic novice. Apparently this is the first in a series of four booklets on the subject. Receipt of the others in due course will be awaited with interest. Wu” PRACTICAL SPECIAL OF THE MONTH Martial Arts Supplies Co. is now offering this book at a special price for a one time SALE only. This price is good from January 15, 1964 to March 15, 1964. Please use coupon pro- vided . Regular price $2.95 Special price $2.45 FOR MAIL ORDER FORM — SEE PAGES 3, 59 or 66.peated oi ngeeartarrer to building up the hands a Komkies, world "hie prevent ‘one from writing, playing an insteu- ment, doing special work, « desk job like drafting, exc? ‘A. Thornton, lowa Although development of the bands cand fos! wil onbonce she efection: ‘ness of a practitioner's blow or kick, 48 is not mandatory that they build 4p sremendous callouses. It is not the size of eallouse shat counts But rather she inner development of the cal- cium or im other body parts the Dardening of muscle. It is recom mended that send should be used when punching or kicking. The re- sults may take longer but will be much more lasting. Chinese herbs should also be used —a special lini- ment used to prevent blood clots, ‘My father is 47 years old. He doesa’t think he should take Karate because of his age. I chink he should —what do you think? R. Oscar, Louisiana Definitely yes. There are so many of Karate. Specializing say in jast learning forms (shadow box~ 1g sequences) sbould be sufficient as a bealthjul exercise, for coordina- fion, increase of rofl, balance, ete sport aspect (sparring) can climineted ‘aud. is ‘would sil be extremely advantageous, BLACK BELT ROUND TABLE This section has been reserved for questions submitted by our readers. All questions, technical or genes recent or historical and pertaining to the martial arts shall be for- warded to our responsible and capable technical advisors. Their names and our comments shall appear in BLACK BELT. Whae do they mean by “rande jos ood aikido” J. Brown, New Jersey 1m jade “randori” a contstemt wil {50 against one opponent and as soon as be shrows that opponent, be'll immediately face another and an: orher until be, bimuelf, i defeated. 's "vanclori,” one Person it ced in the center of the mat and il be surrounded by three, four or more opponents or attackers. He bas to defend bimself against sinaul- sarveous attacks. Is there a list of Karate, Aikido and Jado schools throughout the North seek and receive personal instruc tions? 1H, Devlin, Nebraska No. To formulate a complete list would involve much research. Then 00, sebools often elose as fast at ey open. The wagarine hopes to com file such ait but i can only be 2 partial list kept current By readers who presently Bave schools, There is also the problem of ocala] ont those who are authentic and not fly by nighss of bonifide creden- tia Ebebaty Sireaioe we bor Tam in search of authentic books. I unfortunately live in an area that does not have capable instructors; therefore, my collection of books are all char I have to base any kind of training on. Can you help me locate these books? B, Briggs, California Yes. We bope to keep @ current list Of authentic books in our magazine. We will keep ia contact with all ishing firms. All new books will ie listed im our earliest issues. ‘Would it be possible to create a pen pal column in your magazine? 1 am Joterested ia writing (© other stu- dents who study and can exchange ideas, F. Stearns, Tennessee If enough interests are shown for a ben pal column, we will staré one. Ym an old-timer in judo and wish to learn Aikido but hesitare because Of the diferent ways of falling be- tween the ewo arts. I feel chat I ‘would not be able (0 convert, ‘T. Suzuki, Hawaii You will ee it too se to convert to Aikido's tumbling oF Tele inevussery acealy ae jes Legieners! lock of cowfdence falling, you do mos bave thas pro lem, s7,BOYS’ JUDO SPORT - DEFENSE ‘86 roger 8s x 11" — 171 dlustrations — 118 phologrephe only $1.40 (edd 25¢ fer pestoge and handling. Sond cash, check ce money order to: BURTON PUBLISHING CO. 18 West Adams Blvd. Los Rugeles 7, Coll, VVvVVVVV LEARN KARATE pat iron math te ches tie dow ration moyen pares ‘Sd dialed ten narcti: i i de ar hig tir ‘a pnt pen. Yow net FOL CT an, Ugh tox, it Pind, tend Hose Bh Uprat, Ki og De ed tae fot he Ged Spel aatary or 2-98 ts ras a ‘Nm cme wg atin hy SI pend “Het én, Bead a Ta reotom peters, 30 may coral studied Price Only 85:97 [KARATE PRODUCTIONS [| BOX 43081 - LOS ANGELES 43, CALIF. [onions ‘the baie techniques of “KARATE” aw | sootess CHECK HERE FOR VIEWER: ‘ontinued from pave 40) Japan, and in the Samurai epics, not only is the feudal past given to Ja #0 audiences but, to foreign au ‘The position of Japan in the minds of the for at stake. Either the app understanding, which is so. vi both wil be sorting valved ‘or lapan's history will become the laug ing stock of the entire world, due to the spreading of a false improssion of Japan through the growing interest of foreigners in chanbara_ ai i epics. The Japanese motion industry can develop understanding and appre the able le ship of directors Kurosawa of Toho, Kobayashi of Shochiku and many oth: ers who are beginning to develop realism with fine historical settings and with the excellont tochnical understand. Ing supported with historical research which make some Japanese fms word rember oft totally rejected by the foreigner; not to forget the paramount parton for 1om the flim is made...the Jap- We foreigotrs ire wxpeiting sere of a"Japansie ‘aor vn wee Japanese ehanbara, or @samur There are rdre and more ble lenshi who are unfortunately fo laugh at the mere suggettion of the term BUSHIDO. There. ere alec igners who have developed an fited inpres ‘eudal life due to only one vit fo a chanbare motion picture “The Hime is current to do sored to build» beter” understanding jan’ fol fo ond the very ictophy of contemporary Japan. The fore, fo those who are sncorely int uted and wish fo buld « usflable international appreciation and under- standing for Jepan, |ertend my hand in aop, ord bumble appescition, To those who look only 40 the materiel {ide of Te | extond fo them my "Plata- ihio ole” of chenae)— jut name the pics the femele, he ire tnd beig your ecoed: Ob yen platat do not forget an ebente (bor lunch]! Wo have much fo discus.KARATE i ; M4 ‘SWEAT SHIRTS sc aco ey, ma any, iE J Si UL, as St Riad ama a te va A a Mga ia : ‘Sr, Judo sizo—JSS11 smi, S812 med, 15513 large, 18814 Klarge I000 Aeat leGS11 a 412 ef, 813 Ire, f Z ie om & pe 1a KARATE T-SHIRTS: For ye au snc, yo uae 4 EMBLEM «100% COTTON ~ EXTRA HEAVYWEIGHT FOR LONG WEAR + ee" aera JuDQ 313 ite 4244) ae aoa KARATE ‘SPORT SHIRT ne me ne a KARATE + 100% COTTON + COMBED INTERLOGK + 2 BUTTONS » HEMMED ie ae ea ens HP ier! chattel ‘Adut sae onty—ludo—ISP 11 smi, (94-96), 1SP22 med, (38-40), JuDQ 19? 13 Ig. A244) Karte ASP sa 436, HSPL2 med. 640) KSPIS i, 12-48) Alito avai MARTIAL in black with gold satin locked emblems $4.50 sao MAIL THIS HANDY ORDER FORM TODAY! aT. O- ‘DESCRIPTION (PLEASE PRINT ARTS swerues co. PO. Box 8176. Los Angeles, California (PLEASE PRINT EVERYTHING) aw ADRESS, ony. UP To $3.00 ADD 25 7.01 TO $ 9.00 AOD 35 $301 70 $5.00" 35 $901 TO $11.00 ADD Ge $501 70 $7.00 “ 45 $11.01 tw $1500 ADB The OVER $1501 ADD ase Tot or MarchnaeeD spc & Hanaing D ator Cue Boor (ta For Special Grup Rates Peso nqure WO C00 AUDSE Tad bret EadoatTHE EIGHTEEN MARTIAL ARTS OF JAPAN‘The development of the martial arts was closely inked to the needs of the Samurai for weapons of defense or attack. When need of such weapons eased fo exist and the Samurai faded into ob- ae character training continued as a Hornkin® by Shochiku) by Dr. Gordan Warner As we delve into the history of the past, we can uncover hidden wealth of materials. But still, much remains hidden, untranslated, decaying in some musty bookcase. Wehave learned to accept much of the customs, rules and beliefs without questioning. Many of these have been handed down from cultures con- tradictory to ours. The needs and conditions in the past may have differed drastically from the present; however, they were instrumental in the birth and development of many ideas. This also applies to that of the martial arts Across the land different methods of warfare or combat with its specific weapon of death developed, each according to the needs and con- dition of its participants. In Japan the develop- ment of the martial arts is closely linked to that of emergence and passing of the samurai, the knight-warrior of Japan. To study the Japa- nese martial arts, we must study the samuari These warriors, steeped in tradition of the “bushido” (a cade of ethics of the samurai), have blazed a well-beaten path crowded with deeds and heroics. Many were instrumental in shaping the destiny of Japan. The period between Yoritomo Minamoto (1147-1199 A.D.) and the restoration of the Imperial power (1867 A.D,) is regarded as the golden cra of the samurai. They retained their authority with a long and a short sword tucked sceurely in their belt (obi). The sword symbol- ized absolute power and authority. However, the sword also exemplified the “tamashii” or the spirit of those who wore such a weapon. One of the most reeent books on famous Japa- nese swords is Nihon Meito Monogatari (Out- standing Japanese Swords) written by Kazan Sato. The author, a director of the Swords Sec- ion at the National Museum of Tokyo, states that words or mottos such as “mi kara deta sabi” (an ll life and an ill end}, “soriga awanu” (being unable to get along with other), “origami tsuki” (approved) and many others were inscribed upon the sword by the Japanese samurai, Such mottos or words still persist today, The Sword and ite Master. With the swords and emer- gence of the samurai, other martial arte developed. st‘Thus it is not difficult to imagine that the sa- murai considered themselves the protectors of the country in service to their lord and that they bore the full responsibility of quelling distur- bances and restoring peace. It was important that they undergo extensive training throughout their life, Loyalty, patience, and the mastery of the martial arts were essential. However, this does not imply that every samurai mastered all of the cightcen arts; most reached a mastery in many. ‘The cighteen martial arts to be discussed in this and subsequent issues are as fotlows 1, Ba-Jutsu: The art of horsemanship 2. Batto-Jutsu: Art of drawing the sword 3. Bo-Jutsu: Art of using the #2” wooden staff 4, Fukumibari- Jutsu: Art of blowing needles 5. Ho-Jutsu: —Avt of gunnery 6. Ju-Jutsu: Unarmed self defense 7, Jutte-Jutsu: Protection against sword at- tack with a police stick 8. Ken-Jutsu: The art of fencing 9. Kusarigama- Iron chain and short curved Jutsu: blade technique 10. Kyu-Jutsu: 11, Mojiri-Jutsu; Art of entanglement Long Halberd 13, Shinobs tsu, the Art of stealth Jutsu: 14, Shuriken- Throwing of Daggers Jutsu: 15, So-Jutsu: The long spear The Art of swimming with an armor 17, Tanto-Jutsu: Use of the dagger 18, Torite-Jutsu: Art of Roping One of the martial arts which is considered to be one of the oldest is Suiei-Jutsu, the art of swimming. Even in records dating back to the ancient times, many myths on this particular martial art are found. Swimming became an es- sential part of the military arts and was adapted for warfare in the rivers, seas and lakes. Swim- ming was a natural art for the island-bound Ja- panese. During the Tokugawa period (1603-1867 A.D.) 16, Suici-Jutsu; the technique of swimming was highly developed. ‘The Mukai Ryu and the Shinden Ryu were styles developed to master the strong river currents, Whereas, the Kwankai Ryu was principally adapted for open sea. In this art the circular movement of the legs (makiashi) was basically the principal technique. The upper part of the body could be held above the water by strong leg drive. This style of swimming allowed the samurai to swim with his armor or to fire a gun from this position while treading in the water. The Kobu Ryu, Takeda Ryu, and the Usuki ‘Ryu were developed in Kyushu. Sasanuma Ryu, which stressed the method for swimming in Takes, was also developed in the southern island. As always there was a great rivalry among the different schools. In order to stimulate and develop such competition, a swimming mect was held before the Shogun Iyesada Tokugawa in 1810, Twenty-five top swimmers from each school competed for three days in various styles of swimming. One of the most difficult arts to perform in the water is the Suikyu-Reisha as developed by Suifu Ryu. This style still exists today. The archer will take his bow and two arrows and swim to a position quite far from shore. Then, the archer must draw and shoot both arrows at a target. It must be remembered that the feathers of the arrows must be dry for a perfect flight. The body must be held steady and even drawing a bow with both feet on solid ground is difficult enough, let alone swimming in deep water, One of the most colorful demonstrations of the ancient art of swimming was performed by the Yamanouchi Ryu; this is called the Reiki and the Ohbata-Okiwatari, When need arose where the banner of a clan was required to be ca through water, the swimmers were given long poles with banners attached toa small yard-arm. He swam using powerful leg drive to carry the colors to the enemy. Although the martial arts of spear (So-jutsu) and long halberd (Naginata-juts) may appear to be less exciting, there is no doubt about their usefulness during the feudal time, One of the earliest Japanese spears, which is preserved to- day, dates back to the time of Emperor Shomu(724-749 AD.). Various types of blades were used for the spears; however, records shows that spears proved unsatisfactory in battles and i some duels, During the Kamakura period (1192-1336 A.D.) anced for defense and attack against the swordsmen resulted in development of formi- dable Naginata schools. This weapon was ex- tensively used, especially unmounted and in- doors. There is some reason to believe that the 15-foot pole was the favorite weapon of Lord Yoshitsune Minamoto’s most faithful vassel, Benkei. The long curved blade at the end of the pole made the weapon feared. It is believed that the introduction of protective armor for the legs and at the base of the chest armor resulted from the development of the Naginata as a fighting Because of its length and its fearsome power, Naginata was used to arm the women guarding the household. A woman of the samurai class trained with a Naginata as her weapon could hold off an attack by a swordsman. Even today, a woman trained with a Naginata can generally defeat a good kendoist. A man armed with the 15 foot pole is the fastest of all martial art fighters. (to be continued in the next issue) A naginata (long halberd) ig wield by the woman to flush an intruder. Women of the samurai class were ‘skilled and trained in the use of naginata to protect the household during absence of the men Kobori Ryu, “Kateku-Gozen-Oyogi": a demonstration of @ samurai swimming while fully clad in a helmet A fight between a swordsman and a samurai with a ‘spear. A warrior skilled with a spear was more than @ matek for « swordsman. A batdle of the sprarsances. Spears were generally carried by foot soldiers; all parts of the spear was used as a weapon, (Toho: “The Hidden Fortress") Mukai Ryw “Sensu Morogacshi” was developed to master strong river currents, : This swimming art 6aKENDOS: corsscernn (tsuka). The tsuka is held three inches from the lower edge of the chest armor (do), The point of the shinai (Sakigawa) is always held pointed at the throat protector (tsuki) of the opponent when Chudanno Kamae stanee is as- sumed. ‘The position of the throat protector is al- ways the center line of the opponent; therefor the tip of the shinai should follow this point. ‘The Gedan no Kamae is similar; however, the shinai is lowered. The left foot is always back ; the heel about two and one-half inches off the floor. ‘The hips must be kept level, the shoulders drawn back, and the arms must be relaxed. There are many stanees. The Left Stance (Hidari Jodan) is assumed with the left foot leading and the shinai fully above the shoulders. The Right Stanee (Migi Jodan) is the reverse; the right food must lead. There are two types of Kendo matches: the one point or two-out-of-three points match. Bach match, last five minutes. A tie results in an additional fi minutes or the first blow or point scored in the overtime period wins the match There is no black bett as such in Kendo. The beginner's ranks range from 10th to Ist Class (Kyu) ; whereas, the advance students or instrue- tors are awarded ranks ranging from Ist Degree (Shodan) to 10th Decree (Judan). The highe: degree, 10th Degree, is reserved for active mem- bers of the art; there are only four living 10th degree (Judan) ‘holders in the world, Kendo is one of the most faseinating arts in the world since age, height, weight, sex, or physical condition have little bearing on heights to whieh a kendoist ean advance. He ean develop specific skills and techniques within pattern of set movements. He can build his own character and attitude at a pace compatible with his daily schedule. The trait ing and patience is for him to choose and follo Kendo is a mental as well as phyical activity. ‘The study and discipline take years to develop. It is often said that if one will but study a full year he will follow Kendo as an active member of a fencing school for many years to come. And, like the samurai of the byone days, the kendoists are working for the future of his country today and for a better tomorrow through an ancient art whieh has become a modern sport. .. Kendo. THE TECHNIQUES OF KARATE Now available in the United States, authentic Karate technique Karate Associa t tion. These instruction films are invaluable for all serious students movies made under the supervision ‘of the. 13 of Karate. Films are Smm bisek anc white. Approximately 214 hours of viewing on six separate reels SERIES 4 How to perform the Tekki SERIES 1 Various techniques of Nanda’ and logs Gasthan Form Ree ens roe eat Telg eons Fore Seams Fommnes SERIES 2 Techniques. of thrusting. Siam * 2uete = hints - Tate tea elas 5 \ SERIES 3. Techriques of blocking — Seas oD ee ea oa How to perlorm Heian Form No.1 = Heian Form, haku + Hangetsu. No.2.» Heian Form No. 3 SERIES 6 Advanced! forms Kanku Dai iHelan Form No. 4 = Heian Form No. 5. Each Series $15.00 Produced By Global Co. Ltd., Tokyo. Japan and distributed in Th ‘exclusively by the ALL AMERICA KARATE FEDERATION, An Alfiiate of Japan Karate Association, ‘Also svailable — KARATE SEMINAR in L6mm black and white sound. 2 reels ‘approx. 2000 Ft. Write for literature and prices = Kanku Sho = Nijushiho * Sochin = Unsu, Complete Set of 6 Series $80.00 ited States HIDETAKA NISHIYAMA CHIEF INSTRUCTOR ALL AMERICA KARATE FEDERATION ‘An Affiliate of Japan Karate Association 1440 WEST OLYMPIC BLVD., LOS ANGELES 15, CALIF. * Phone 747-1774Physi cal Subscribe NOW! nc, POWER MAGAZINE is the atniete's pivte Weeontains, sound for 12 Information-pached tnues for only $4.50 You save $1.50 by Subscribing NOW HIGHEST QUALITY- LOWEST PRICE Z x Judo Tatami and Accessories Sizes —0 to 6 complete sets, extra pants, belt Karate Uniforms—100% cotton, sizes 2 to 6 Books—Judo, Karate, Aikido. 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