258

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259

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260

. .

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261

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262

. .

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..



6/15/09 1:47:38 PM

263

-




.. -

,
,

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264

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.




.

.





.

6/16/09 3:49:40 PM

()
() ()

265

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266

(Parkinsons disease)

(substantia nigra compacta : SNc)

(neurotransmitter)
(dopamine)

(basal ganglia)

:

(
- )

.indd 266

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(..
)

..

(James Parkinson)

An Essay on The Shaking

Palsy

.indd 267

267

(bedsore)

- (Jean-

Martin Charcot)

7/24/09 3:39:38 PM

268

.

-

.indd 268

.
- flunarizine,
cinnarizine
- metoclopramide,
prochorperazine
-

haloperidol, chlopro-

mazine
- reser-

pine, methyldopa
-

diltiazem
.



.

.

.
.

.
.

6/15/09 1:47:41 PM

. .

. (Alzheimers disease)
.

(Olivopontocerebellar atrophy)
. (Huntingtons disease)
. (Diffuse Lewy body
disease)
. - (Shy-

Drager syndrome)
. - (Steel-

Richardson syndrome)
.
(Multiple system atrophy)

269

(brain stem)
(substantia nigra)

,
,

(substantia nigra)

.indd 269

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270

.indd 270

-


-




.
.
.

.

.


.
.
.
.
-

6/15/09 1:47:42 PM

.indd 271

..

271

7/22/09 2:59:57 PM

272

.indd 272

.
.

6/15/09 1:47:43 PM

.








.

.indd 273

273

. .

6/17/09 1:29:02 PM

274

.indd 274

7/22/09 11:48:19 AM

275

()
()

-


.

.indd 275

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276

.indd 276

.




.

.

.



.

6/15/09 1:47:46 PM

.
..

.indd 277

-

-

.
.

277

6/15/09 1:47:46 PM

278

.
(choline)

(amantadine)
.

(levodopa)
(dopamine agonists)
.

(monoamine oxidase inhibitor :
MAO-B)

.

.
.

(dopamine receptor)

.indd 278

6/16/09 4:12:28 PM



( )

.

.

.
.


.

.

.

.indd 279

( )

(subthalamic nucleus)
(.. )

279

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280

.indd 280

..

..

6/15/09 1:47:47 PM

.indd 281

281

6/18/09 10:08:46 AM

282

.indd 282

-
- .
-
.

-
- .

- .

-
- .
- .

-
- .

- .

-
- .

- .

6/16/09 4:16:49 PM

283

-
- .
- .
- .


-
-
.

-
.


-
-
.

-
.



-
.
-
.
- .

-
- .

- .

.indd 283

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284

.indd 284

6/15/09 1:47:49 PM

.indd 285

285

6/18/09 10:05:51 AM

286
.
.
.
.

(metham-

phetamine)

.

-

(Punchdrunk
syndrome)



. . ().

; : - .
. . : , .
Calne DB. Neurodegenerative disease. Philadelphia : WB Saunders Comp, 1994.
Jankovic JJ, and Tolosa E. Parkinsons disease and movement disorders. Fourth

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Kurlan R. Treatment of movement disorders. Philadelphia : JB Lippincot Comp, 1995.
Lieberman An. Point of view : dementia in Parkinsons disease. Parkinson Relat
Disord 1997 ; 3 : 151 - 158.
Marsden CD, and Faln S. Movement disorders 1 and 2. London : Betterworth-

Heinemann Ltd., 1995.

Nicholl D, and Williams A. The clinical atlas of Parkinsons disease. New York :
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Poungvarin N, et al. Dementia in Thai patients with Parkinsons disease : analysis of 132
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