Let Us Understand The Basic Terms

Multimedia-combination of different content forms.

Interface-point of interaction between two systems or work groups.

High definition- refers to video having resolution substantially higher than

traditional television systems.
 Definition And Need Of HDMI
HDMI is a compact audio/video interface for transmitting uncompressed
digital data.

HDMI connects digital audio/video sources.

It’s a single cable and user friendly that replaces the maze of cables.
 Overview of HDMI
 High quality sound or vision without compression of a video or audio signal.

 HDMI pictures are smoother and sharp. Sound is also crisp and taut, without any
distortion.

 HDMI works well with fixed-pixel displays such as LCD, plasma or DLP screens and
projectors.

 A HDMI cable allows to match pixel-by pixel the native resolution of the screen such
as 16:9 or 4:3.

 HDMI signals are digital in nature. TVs and radios operate on analog signals.

 HDMI has some built-in smarts.

 Versions of HDMI

HDMI 1.0 - combines digital video signal with 2 channel audio signal.

HDMI 1.1 - transfer Dolby Digital, DTS, and DVD-Audio surround signals,7.1
channels of PCM audio.

HDMI 1.2 - to transfer SACD signals in digital form from a player to a receiver.

HDMI 1.3 - increase the video bandwidth, transfer color depths up to 48-bits,
the 1080p resolution in use today.
 HDMI VS DVI

HDMI DVI
 Technology does not incorporates  HDMI technology incorporates
content security that is called High content security that is called High
Definition Content Protection. Definition Content Protection.
 That DVI can only support digital  HDMI can support audio and video
video on a single cable. on the same cable.
Pin Configurations
 Pin Descriptions
TMDS Channel/TMDS Clock

 It was developed by Silicon Image.

 Transfer huge amounts of data through a shielded cable.

each are capable of transfer rates up to 3.4Gbps a total 10.2Gbps.

 Up to 48-bit resolution.

pixel clock for timing the data stream.

DDC channel & EDID chip

determine the audio / visual capabilities .

achieved by reading from an EDID ROM chip.

automatically adjust the video and audio output.

 HDCP utilizes the DDC channel to initiate a "handshake“.

CEC-Consumer Electronics Control

One Touch Play.

 System Standby.

One Touch Record.

 Deck Control.

 Tuner Control.
Content Protection - HDCP

by encrypting the digital content being sent from the source to the receivers.

the source and receivers initiate a "handshake" and validate that each device is
an authorized one.

exchanges a special key called a Key Selection Vector or KSV.

XOR operation is applied to encrypt each decoded pixel with a 24-bit number.
Hot Plug Detect Signal

high voltage level when the E-EDID is not available for reading.

asserted only when the +5V Power line from the Source is detected.

A Source may use a high voltage level to initiate the reading of E-EDID data.

 An HDMI Sink indicate any change of the E-EDID by driving a low voltage level
for at least 100 msec.
HDMI Block Diagram
Explanation

follow all of the rules for an HDMI Sink and HDMI Source.

 four differential pairs that make up the TMDS data and clock channels.

 DDC is used for configuration and status exchange between a single Source and a
single Sink.

CEC protocol provides high-level control functions .

 HDMI Plugs/connectors
TYPE A -Nineteen pins, with bandwidth to support all SDTV, EDTV, and HDTV
modes.

TYPE B - This connector (21.2 mm × 4.45 mm) has 29 pins and can carry double the
video bandwidth of Type A.

TYPE C - all positive signals of the differential pairs are swapped with their
corresponding shield.

TYPE D - shrinks the connector size to something resembling a micro-USB connector.

Encoder/Decoder
 Explanation

TMDS Clock channel constantly runs at the pixel rate of the transmitted video.

each of the three TMDS data channels transmits a 10-bit character.

The input stream to the Source‘s encoding logic will contain video pixel, packet and
control data.

These data items are processed in a variety of ways .

are presented to the TMDS encoder as either 2 bits of control data, 4 bits of packet
data or 8 bits of video data per TMDS channel.

encodes one of these data types or encodes a Guard Band character on any given
clock cycle.
 Advantages

Higher Quality.

Intelligence.

Authentication and Encryption.

Deep Colors.

No Compression.

Dolby/DTS.
 Disadvantages

Distance Limitations

Switching Delays

Field Termination

Costly
 Applications

Blu ray discs/HD DVD players

Personal computers

Wireless HDMI with low-latency, lossless H.264 video codec

Relationship with Display Port